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2.work Study

The document outlines the concept of Work Study, which includes Method Study and Work Measurement techniques aimed at improving efficiency in various industries. It details the objectives, procedures, and tools used in Method Study and Time Study, emphasizing the importance of systematic investigation to enhance productivity and reduce fatigue. Additionally, it introduces various process charts and diagrams used for recording and analyzing work processes.

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Dixit Medhi
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5 views26 pages

2.work Study

The document outlines the concept of Work Study, which includes Method Study and Work Measurement techniques aimed at improving efficiency in various industries. It details the objectives, procedures, and tools used in Method Study and Time Study, emphasizing the importance of systematic investigation to enhance productivity and reduce fatigue. Additionally, it introduces various process charts and diagrams used for recording and analyzing work processes.

Uploaded by

Dixit Medhi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Work Study

Prepared by
Dr. Pradip Baishya
Associate Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
Assam Engineering College
Work Study
• Generic term for techniques mainly “Method study” & “Work
Measurement” used in the examination of human work in all it
context which lead to the systematic investigation of all the factors
affecting efficiency of the situation being reviewed in order to seek
improvements
Need for work study
• Industries (Production & Operation, R&D)
• Marketing, sales & distribution
• Offices, stores & warehouses
• Material handling
• Building & other construction
• Hospital
• Defence
• Agriculture etc.
Method study or Motion study
• Defined as the systematic investigation (i.e. recording & critical
examination) of the existing method of doing a job in order to
develop ad install an easy, rapid, efficient, effective and less fatigue
procedure for doing the same job at lower cost.
• Achieved by eliminating unnecessary motions involved in a certain
procedure or by changing the sequence of operation or the process
itself.
Objectives of Method study
• Improved working processes & standardized procedures
• Better work place layout, neat and clean environment and working
conditions
• Less fatigue to operators
• Better product quality
• Effective utilization of men, materials & machinery
• Fast material handling
• Reduced health hazards
Time study or Work measurement
• Defined as the application of different techniques to measure and
establish the time required to complete the job by a qualified worker
at a defined level of performance.
• The time necessary to complete a job is determined from many
observations.
Objectives of Time study
• Determines the time required to do a job and establishes the best
method
• Decides man power required for a job; helps in man power economy
• Decides equipment requirements
• Provides information for effective production planning & maintenance
procedures
• Aids in calculating exact delivery dates
Procedure for Method study
1. Select
2. Record : done with the help of following aids
(a) Process charts:
(i) Outline process chart
(ii) Flow process chart: Man, material &
equipment type
(iii) Two handed process chart
(iv) Multiple activity chart
(b) Diagrams:
(i) Flow diagrams
(ii) String diagrams
(iii) Cyclegraphs

(c) Motion & Film analysis


(i) Simo chart
3. Examine
4. Develop
5. Install
6. Maintain
Symbols for process charts
Therbligs used for SIMO chart
Therbligs used for SIMO chart
Process charts
1. Outline process chart
2. Flow process chart
3. Two handed process chart
Outline process chart
• It surveys and records an overall picture of the process
• States only main events sequence-wise
• Considers only operations and inspections
Flow process chart
• It is a detailed version of outline process chart and it records all the
events
• It sets out sequence of flow of a procedure or product
• Records all the events in sequence using process chart symbols
Three types of Flow Process chart
• Flow process chart (Man type):
It records the activities of an operator i.e. what an operator does.

• Flow process chart (Equipment type):


It records the manner in which the equipment is used.

• Flow process chart (Material type):


It records what happens to the material i.e. the changes material
undergoes in location or condition.
Two handed process chart
• Records the activities of the left hand and right hand (of an operator)
as related to each other.
• Activities of the two hands can be synchronised using a time scale of
the chart.
String Diagram
• It is a scale plan of the shop, in which every machine or equipment is
marked and a pin struck by or in the area representing the facility.
• A continuous coloured thread or string traces the path taken up by
the materials or workers while performing a particular operation.
• Used when the paths are many and repetitive, a flow diagram
becomes congested and difficult to trace.
Simo Chart
• An extremely detailed left and right hand operation chart. Shows on a
common time scale the simultaneous minute movements (therbligs)
performed by the two hands of the operator.
• The movement of other limbs of an operator may also be recorded.
• The time scale is represented in winks (1/2000 of a minute).
• Generally used for micro motion analysis of:
1. Short cycle repetitive jobs
2. High order skill jobs like component assembly, packaging etc.
Principles of motion economy
• Rules concerning human body
• Rules concerning work place layout and material handling
• Rules concerning tool and equipment design
• Rules concerning time conservation
Standard time
Amount of time required to complete a unit work under
i) existing working conditions
ii) specified method & machinery
iii) proper operator
iv) standard pace
Time study
• Stop watch study for collecting time study data

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