John Stuart Mill

John Stuart Mill

John Stuart Mill (1806 nî 5 goe̍h 20 ji̍t - 1873 nî 5 goe̍h 8 ji̍t) sī Eng-kok ê tiat-ha̍k-ka, keng-chè-ha̍k-ka. I tùi siā-hoē, chèng-tī, keng-chè lóng ū gián-kiù. I mā sī kó͘-tián chū-iû-chú-gī, hāu-ek-chú-gī ê tāi-piáu jîn-bu̍t. Stanford Tiat-ha̍k Pah-kho-choân-su o-ló kóng i sī 19 sè-kí éng-hióng-la̍t siōng tōa ê Eng-gí tiat-ha̍k-ka.

Toān-kì

1806 nî 5 goe̍h 20, John Stuart Mill tī Eng-kok Pentonville chhut-sì. I sī lāu-pē James Mill kap lāu-bú Harriet Murrow ê tōa-kiáⁿ. James Mill sī hāu-ek-chú-gī ê chi-chhî-chiá, mā sī Jeremy Bentham ê pêng-iú. James chiáⁿ kut-la̍t teh kà-sī in ê gín-á. J. S. Mill chū 3 hòe khai-sí o̍h Hi-lia̍p-gí, 10 hòe tio̍h bat La-teng-gí bat chin chhim. 14 hòe ê sî-chū, J. S. Mill khí Hoat-kok ê Montpellier ê tāi-ha̍k o̍h hòa-ha̍k, tōng-bu̍t-ha̍k, lô-chi̍p-ha̍k, koh-ū sò͘-ha̍k. I tī Paris se̍k-sāi chiok chē Chiu-iû Henri Saint-Simon.

1823 nî khai-sí, J. S. Mill khai-sí tī Eng-kok Tang Ìn-tō͘ Kong-si chia̍h-thâu-lō͘, seng-koaⁿ seng chiok kín.

Su-sióng

Chū-iû lí-lūn

J. S. Mill ū siá chi̍t pún chheh, kiò-chò Lūn Chū-iû (1856). I tī chheh lāi-té thê-chhut kúi-lō ê chū-iû goân-chek. Chi̍t ê goân-chek sī kóng, “jîn-lūi (bô-lūn sī chi̍t ê lâng ia̍h-sī chi̍t tīn lâng) kan-na ē-tàng kō͘ ‘chi̍t chióng bo̍k-te̍k’ lâi kan-sia̍p pa̍t-lâng ê hêng-tōng chū-iû, hit-ê bo̍k-te̍k tiō sī ‘chū-pó’ (self-protection).” I koh kóng, “chiū bûn-bêng siā-hōe ê jīm-hô sêng-oân lâi-kóng, lán kan-na ū ‘chi̍t chióng bo̍k-te̍k’ ē-tàng lâi ûi-ge̍k i ê ì-chì, tùi i hêng-sú ha̍p-hoat ê khoân-le̍k; hit-ê bo̍k-te̍k tiō-sī hông-chí i siong-hāi pa̍t-lâng.”