跳转到内容

普洛尼克数

本页使用了标题或全文手工转换
维基百科,自由的百科全书
(重定向自普洛尼克數

數學中,普洛尼克数(pronic number),也叫矩形数(oblong number),是两个连续非负整数积,即。第n个普洛尼克数都是n的三角形数的两倍。开头的几个普洛尼克数是:

0, 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, 42, 56, 72, 90, 110, 132, 156, 182, 210, 240, 272, 306, 342, 380, 420, 462, 506, 552, 600, 650, 702, 756, 812, 870, 930, 992, 1056, 1122, 1190, 1260, 1332, 1406, 1482, 1560, 1640, 1722, 1806, 1892, 1980, 2070, 2162, 2256, 2352, 2450, 2550, ...(OEIS數列A002378

性質

[编辑]

特殊的普洛尼克數

[编辑]
  • 同時為普洛尼克數及三角形數的數(不定方程):最小的幾個為0, 6, 210, 7140, 242556, 8239770,……[3][4],對應的值分別為0, 2, 14, 84, 492, 2870,……(OEIS數列A053141),對應的值分別為0, 3, 20, 119, 696, 4059,……(OEIS數列A001652)。

註釋

[编辑]
  1. ^ 若n≡0 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡0×1≡9 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡1 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡1×2≡2 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡2 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡2×3≡6 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡3 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡3×4≡12≡3 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡4 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡4×5≡20≡2 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡5 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡5×6≡30≡3 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡6 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡6×7≡42≡6 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡7 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡7×8≡56≡2 (mod 9)
    • 若n≡8 (mod 9),則n×(n+1)≡8×9≡72≡9 (mod 9)
    故得證。
  2. ^ 若n≡0 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡0×1≡0 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡1 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡1×2≡2 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡2 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡2×3≡6 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡3 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡3×4≡12≡2 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡4 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡4×5≡20≡0 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡5 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡5×6≡30≡0 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡6 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡6×7≡42≡2 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡7 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡7×8≡56≡6 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡8 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡8×9≡72≡2 (mod 10)
    • 若n≡9 (mod 10),則n×(n+1)≡9×10≡90≡0 (mod 10)
    故得證。
  3. ^ 因為n與(n+1)差1,所以兩數互質,故若n×(n+1)為平方數,則n與(n+1)也皆為平方數,2個平方數差1,則必為0與1,因此唯一的普洛尼克數兼平方數為0=0×1。
  4. ^ 普洛尼克数 n(n+1) 的4倍加1是4n2+4n+1 = (2n+1)2
  5. ^ 两个相邻的普洛尼克数 n(n+1) 和 (n+1)(n+2) 的平均是 (2n+2)(n+1)/2 = (n+1)2

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Knorr, Wilbur Richard英语Wilbur Knorr, The evolution of the Euclidean elements, Dordrecht-Boston, Mass.: D. Reidel Publishing Co.: 144–150, 1975 [2021-03-18], ISBN 90-277-0509-7, MR 0472300, (原始内容存档于2016-05-08) .
  2. ^ McDaniel, Wayne L., Pronic Fibonacci numbers (PDF), Fibonacci Quarterly, 1998, 36 (1): 56–59 [2017-05-26], MR 1605341, (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-09-29) 
  3. ^ Sloane, N.J.A. (编). Sequence A029549 (Triangular numbers that are also pronic numbers). The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. 
  4. ^ pronic numbers. NUMBERS APLENTY. [2021-02-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-25). 
pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy