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肺水腫

维基百科,自由的百科全书
肺水腫
Pulmonary edema
又称Pulmonary oedema
肺水肿,两侧有少量胸腔积液
类型呼吸衰竭respiratory signs and symptoms[*]疾病
分类和外部资源
醫學專科心臟病學, 重症醫學
ICD-11CB01
DiseasesDB11017
MedlinePlus000140
eMedicine360932
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

肺水肿(pulmonary edema)俗称“肺積水”[1],是由各种原因引起肺泡腔内含有水肿液的临床综合征[2],其发病机制是因肺脏血管淋巴管组织之间液体交换功能紊乱所致的肺含水量增加,肺间质和肺泡内均有液体聚集[3]

肺水肿的临床表现为呼吸困难、发绀、咳嗽、咳白色或粉红色泡沫痰,两肺散在湿啰音,X线表现为两肺蝶形片状模糊阴影,是临床急症之一[4]。常发生在充血性心力衰竭时,如心脏瓣膜疾病左心衰竭导致肺充血、水肿[5],或由肺泡间隔血管的直接损伤所致[6]

肺水肿會导致氣體交換出現障碍,并可能引發呼吸衰竭。引發肺水肿的原因有兩種,一種稱為心源性肺水肿,是由于心脏左心室充盈压升高,使得血浆毛细血管渗出到肺间质和肺泡,從而引起肺水腫[7],另一種稱為非心源性肺水肿,肺部中的薄壁组织或肺血管出現损伤,也會產生肺水腫。

参考文献

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  1. ^ 肺水腫页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)KB康健知識庫
  2. ^ Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary 32nd. Saunders/Elsevier. : 593. ISBN 9781416062578. 
  3. ^ Ware LB, Matthay MA. Clinical practice. Acute pulmonary edema. N Engl J Med. 2005 Dec 29;353(26):2788-96. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp052699. PMID 16382065.
  4. ^ Assaad S, Kratzert WB, Shelley B, Friedman MB, Perrino A. Assessment of Pulmonary Edema: Principles and Practice (PDF). Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. April 2018, 32 (2): 901–914. PMID 29174750. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2017.08.028. 
  5. ^ Schlant RC, Nutter DO. Heart failure in valvular heart disease. Medicine (Baltimore). 1971 Sep;50(5):421-51. doi: 10.1097/00005792-197109000-00002. PMID 4940718.
  6. ^ Newman JH. Lung vascular injury. Chest. 1988 Mar;93(3 Suppl):139S-146S. doi: 10.1378/chest.93.3_supplement.139s. PMID 2830084.
  7. ^ 默沙東診療手冊. 肺水肿. (原始内容存档于2021-03-17). 
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