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葵花籽油

维基百科,自由的百科全书
未精煉的葵花籽油與向日葵花序
精製高油酸葵花籽油

葵花籽油葵花油,是指从向日葵种子葵花籽)中压榨出来的非挥发性油。葵花籽油通常在烹飪食物時用作食用油,在化妆品配方中則用作润肤剂。葵花籽油主要由亚油酸油酸组成[1]。该油含有大量的维生素E[2]

截至2017年,基因組分析[3]和雜交向日葵開發以提高油產量正在開發中,以滿足消費者對葵花籽油及其商業品種的更大需求[4][5]

2018年,乌克兰俄罗斯的葵花籽油产量合计占全球产量的53%。

成分

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葵花籽油主要是甘油三酯(脂肪),通常源自脂肪酸亞油酸油酸.

葵花籽油主要是一種甘油三酯[6]。 《英国药典》列出了以下概況[7]

通過植物育種和工業加工生產出四種不同濃度脂肪酸的葵花籽油:高亞油酸、高油酸、中油酸、和高硬脂酸加高油酸[1][2]

  • 高亞油酸,69% 亞油酸
  • 高油酸,82%油酸
  • 中油酸,65%油酸
  • 高硬脂酸加高油酸,18%硬脂酸和72%油酸[2]

在對向日葵基因組的分析中,揭示了植物代謝產生其油的過程,鑑定出了植物固醇[3],這在另一項對向日葵油成分(包括多酚角鯊烯类萜化合物)的分析中得到了證實[8]

参考文献

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Four types of sunflower oil. National Sunflower Association. 2018 [19 November 2018]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-11). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Sunflower oil fatty acid profile (PDF). National Sunflower Association. 2018 [19 November 2018]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-04-23). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Badouin, H; Gouzy, J; Grassa, C. J; Murat, F; Staton, S. E; Cottret, L; Lelandais-Brière, C; Owens, G. L; Carrère, S; Mayjonade, B; Legrand, L; Gill, N; Kane, N. C; Bowers, J. E; Hubner, S; Bellec, A; Bérard, A; Bergès, H; Blanchet, N; Boniface, M. C; Brunel, D; Catrice, O; Chaidir, N; Claudel, C; Donnadieu, C; Faraut, T; Fievet, G; Helmstetter, N; King, M; et al. The sunflower genome provides insights into oil metabolism, flowering and Asterid evolution. Nature. 2017, 546 (7656): 148–152. Bibcode:2017Natur.546..148B. PMID 28538728. doi:10.1038/nature22380可免费查阅. 
  4. ^ Rauf S, Jamil N, Tariq SA, Khan M, Kausar M, Kaya Y. Progress in modification of sunflower oil to expand its industrial value. J Sci Food Agric. 2017, 97 (7): 1997–2006. PMID 28093767. doi:10.1002/jsfa.8214. 
  5. ^ Christov M. Contribution of interspecific hybridization to sunflower breeding (PDF). Helia. 2012, 35 (57): 37–46 [2021-04-23]. S2CID 85351878. doi:10.2298/hel1257037c. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2014-10-06). 
  6. ^ Alfred Thomas. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. 2002. ISBN 3527306730. doi:10.1002/14356007.a10_173.  |chapter=被忽略 (帮助)
  7. ^ British Pharmacopoeia Commission. Ph Eur monograph 1371需要免费注册. British Pharmacopoeia 2005. Norwich, England: The Stationery Office. 2005. ISBN 0-11-322682-9. 
  8. ^ Alicia Ayerdi Gotor; Larbi Rhazi. Effects of refining process on sunflower oil minor components: a review. Oilseeds and Fats, Crops and Lipids. 2016, 23 (2): D207 [2023-08-02]. doi:10.1051/ocl/2016007可免费查阅. (原始内容存档于2023-08-02). 
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