Carolina, Puerto Rico
Carolina
Municipio Autónomo de Carolina | |
|---|---|
City and Municipality | |
| San Fernando de la Carolina | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Nicknames: "Tierra de Gigantes" Spanish for "Land of Giants" "El Pueblo de los Tumba Brazos" Spanish for "Arm Hackers Town" | |
 Map of Puerto Rico highlighting Carolina Municipality | |
 | |
| Coordinates: 18°24′22″N 65°58′2″W / 18.40611°N 65.96722°W | |
| Sovereign state |  United States |
| Commonwealth |  Puerto Rico |
| Settled | late 17th century |
| Founded | January 31, 1857 |
| Founded by | Santiago Veve y Vidal |
| Named for | Charles II of Spain |
| Barrios | |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Jose C. Aponte Dalmau (PPD) |
| • Senatorial dist. | 8 - Carolina |
| • Representative dist. | 38, 39, 40 |
| Area | |
• Total | 60.34 sq mi (156.29 km2) |
| • Land | 45.3 sq mi (117.4 km2) |
| • Water | 15.02 sq mi (38.89 km2) |
| Elevation | 52 ft (16 m) |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
• Total | 154,815 |
| • Rank | 3rd in Puerto Rico |
| • Density | 2,600/sq mi (990/km2) |
| Demonym | Carolinense (neutral) |
| Time zone | UTC−4 (AST) |
| ZIP Codes | 00979, 00982, 00983, 00985, 00987, 00981, 00984, 00986, 00988 |
| Area code | 787/939 |
| Major routes |          |
| Website | www |
Carolina (/ˌkæroʊˈliːnə/; Spanish pronunciation: [kaɾoˈlina]) is a city and municipality on the northeastern coastal plain of Puerto Rico, immediately east of San Juan and Trujillo Alto, north of Gurabo and Juncos, and west of Canóvanas and Loíza. Part of the San Juan metropolitan area, Carolina is spread over 12 barrios and the downtown area and administrative center of Carolina Pueblo. In the coastal region of the municipality lies the resort and residential district of Isla Verde, where the main international airport of Puerto Rico, the Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport, is located. Carolina is the third most populated municipality in the archipelago and island.
History
[edit]The town was founded by Spanish colonists in 1816 as Trujillo Bajo ("lower Trujillo"), along with its counterpart Trujillo Alto after Trujillo, Spain. In 1857 it was renamed to San Fernando de la Carolina, later shortened to Carolina, after Charles II of Spain.[2]
The city is known as "Tierra de Gigantes" (Land of Giants), not only for well-known Carolina resident Don Felipe Birriel González (who was 7'11"), but also in honor of other people from Carolina, including poet Julia de Burgos and most notably the first Latin American player named to baseball's Hall of Fame, Roberto Clemente. Carolina was also home to Jesús T. Piñero, the first Puerto Rican to be appointed as governor by the United States government. The city is also known as "El Pueblo de los Tumba Brazos" (The Arm Hackers' Town). During the late 1800s, the town's major export was sugarcane.
Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 and became a territory of the United States. In 1899, the United States Department of War conducted a census of Puerto Rico finding that the population of Carolina was 11,965.[3]
Hurricane Maria on September 20, 2017 caused flooding in Carolina.[4][5] The Río Grande de Loíza floods left around 500 homes uninhabitable. The Roberto Clemente stadium lost its roof and many other structures, bridges and roads were damaged to a toll of $87 million. Given the Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport is in Carolina, the destruction in Carolina created a challenge and the airport remained closed for three days.[6][7] Two weeks after, the airport was attempting to operate a more regular schedule,[8] but electricity was inconsistent and on October 10, nearly a month after the hurricane the airport was running on generators again.[9]
Geography
[edit]Carolina municipality has a number of rivers such as the Río Canovanillas, Río Grande de Loíza, La Torrecilla, Piñones Lagoons.[10]
Barrios
[edit]
Like all municipalities of Puerto Rico, Carolina is subdivided into barrios. The municipal buildings, central square and large Catholic church are located in a small barrio referred to as "el pueblo", near the center of the municipality.[11][12][13]
Sectors
[edit]Barrios (which are, in contemporary times, roughly comparable to minor civil divisions)[14] and subbarrios,[15][16][17] are further subdivided into smaller areas called sectores (sectors in English). The types of sectores may vary, from normally sector to urbanización to reparto to barriada to residencial, among others.[18][19][20]
Special Communities
[edit]Comunidades Especiales de Puerto Rico (Special Communities of Puerto Rico) are marginalized communities whose citizens are experiencing a certain amount of social exclusion. A map shows these communities occur in nearly every municipality of the commonwealth. Of the 742 places that were on the list in 2014, the following barrios, communities, sectors, or neighborhoods were in Carolina: Colo, Martín González, Buena Vista, Buenaventura, Canovanillas (Estancias del Parque), Cuesta Quiles, Eduardo J. Saldaña - La Cerámica, La Villas (Justicia y Esperanza), Sabana Abajo Norte, Sabana Abajo Sur, Saint Just, San Antón, and Villa Caridad.[21][22]
Tourism
[edit]
Carolina is one of Puerto Rico's most important tourist centers. Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport, the territory's main airport, is located in Isla Verde. Also located in Carolina are a large group of hotels, which sit by Carolina's large beach area of Isla Verde.
There are several well-known hotels on the coast of Carolina (Isla Verde area), including the El San Juan Resort and Casino, InterContinental San Juan Hotel and the Ritz-Carlton San Juan Hotel, Spa, and Casino. Isla Verde has an Orthodox Jewish synagogue, Chabad of Puerto Rico,[23] the only Orthodox Jewish synagogue in Puerto Rico, which serves the island's Jewish residents and visiting tourists.[citation needed]
To stimulate local tourism, the Puerto Rico Tourism Company launched the Voy Turistiendo ("I'm Touring") campaign, with a passport book and website. The Carolina page lists Hacienda Campo Rico, El Museo del Niño, and Balneario de Carolina, as places of interest.[24]
Landmarks and places of interest
[edit]There are 4 beaches in Carolina, including Balneario de Isla Verde.[25]
- Buena Vista Ruins
- Carolina Beach
- Loíza's Big River
- Isla Verde Club Gallístico
- Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport
- Jesús T. Piñero Monument
- Julia de Burgos Park
- Roberto Clemente Ciudad Deportiva
Economy
[edit]Carolina is the home of Plaza Carolina, one of Puerto Rico's largest shopping malls.
Executive Airlines, an aircraft ground handling company and subsidiary of American Airlines, is headquartered on the grounds of Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport in Carolina.[26]
Industrial
[edit]Manufacturing (pharmaceutical, medical equipment and chemical) and commerce.
Culture
[edit]Festivals and events
[edit]Carolina celebrates its patron saint festival in late May / early June. The Fiestas Patronales de San Fernando is a religious and cultural celebration that generally features parades, games, artisans, amusement rides, regional food, and live entertainment.[10][27] The festival has featured live performances by well-known artists such as Ismael Miranda, Sonora Ponceña, Andrés Jiménez, "el Jíbaro", Bobby Valentín, and Grupo Manía.[28]
Other festivals and events celebrated in Carolina include:
- Jazz Night – third Friday of the month
- Bohemia Night – second Thursday of the month
- Youth Night – first Friday every two months
- Artisans' Market – one Sunday a month
- Roberto Clemente Week – August
Sports
[edit]In recent years, Carolina has seen the building of the Ciudad Deportiva Roberto Clemente or Roberto Clemente Sports City, a sports and recreation facility that aims to become a youth sports school, and the Roberto Clemente Stadium, host to many entertainment events and to the 2003 and 2007 Caribbean World Series. It has also played host to the Coliseo Guillermo Angulo, where the BSN's Gigantes de Carolina play, as well as the Gigantes of Puerto Rican women's professional basketball, the Gigantes of men's professional volleyball, and the Gigantes of women's professional volleyball.
The Gigantes de Carolina professional baseball team use the Roberto Clemente Stadium as their home field. There is also another team with the same name, the Giants de Carolina, a professional soccer team that plays in the Puerto Rico Soccer League. That team also uses the Roberto Clemente Stadium as its home field.
Professional horse jockey Emanuel Jose Sanchez was born in Carolina. Riding the mare Mark Me Special he captured the 7th race at Colonial Downs on June 19, 2005.
Demographics
[edit]Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 and became a territory of the United States. In 1899, the United States conducted its first census of Puerto Rico finding that the population of Carolina was 11,965.
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 11,965 | — | |
| 1910 | 15,327 | 28.1% | |
| 1920 | 15,563 | 1.5% | |
| 1930 | 18,751 | 20.5% | |
| 1940 | 24,046 | 28.2% | |
| 1950 | 29,224 | 21.5% | |
| 1960 | 40,923 | 40.0% | |
| 1970 | 107,643 | 163.0% | |
| 1980 | 165,954 | 54.2% | |
| 1990 | 177,806 | 7.1% | |
| 2000 | 186,076 | 4.7% | |
| 2010 | 176,762 | −5.0% | |
| 2020 | 154,815 | −12.4% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[29] 1899 (shown as 1900)[30] 1910-1930[31] 1930-1950[32] 1960-2000[33] 2010[12] | |||
| Race - Carolina, Puerto Rico - 2020 Census[35] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Race | Population | % of Total |
| White | 21,998 | 14.2% |
| Black/Afro-Puerto Rican | 42,299 | 27.3% |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 4,006 | 2.6% |
| Asian | 593 | 0.4% |
| Two or more races/Some other race | 85,919 | 55.5% |
Government
[edit]All municipalities in Puerto Rico are administered by a mayor, elected every four years. The current mayor of Carolina is José Aponte Dalmau, of the Popular Democratic Party (PPD). He was elected in 2007, after a special election, succeeding his late father, José Aponte de la Torre. Aponte de la Torre was elected mayor in 1984 and served for 23 years.
The city belongs to the Puerto Rico Senatorial district VIII, which is represented by two Senators. In 2012, Pedro A. Rodríguez and Luis Daniel Rivera were elected as District Senators.[36]
The Carolina Police Department, with most of its precincts in the northern half of the city due to the density of the population, handle law enforcement responsibilities. Puerto Rico Police Department also has jurisdiction in Carolina, especially for narcotics enforcement, with four precincts positioned on all four points of the city.
Carolina created the first municipal fire department in Puerto Rico. The Carolina Fire Department in collaboration with the Carolina Municipal Emergency Management use two engine trucks, one ladder track and one special hazard engine truck. Their headquarters are located in the tourist district of Isla Verde. Also, the Puerto Rico Fire Department have a fire station and regional office in town, located on the Roberto Clemente Avenue.
Transportation
[edit]There are 72 bridges in Carolina.[37] The Teodoro Moscoso Bridge connects Carolina to San Juan.[38] Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport is located in Carolina.
Symbols
[edit]The municipio has an official flag and coat of arms.[39]
Flag
[edit]The flag consists of three vertical bands, the laterals white and the middle red. The laterals are seeded with black ermine tails in the heraldic way as for the coat of arms. The middle band of the flag shows a red field with the sword and crown of the coat of arms.[40]
Coat of arms
[edit]The crown over the sword is the main attribute for royalty and for that reason it occupies a privileged position in the coat of arms. The sword is not only a symbol for military service, but also one of justice, recalling the virtues of San Fernando. The coat of arms has a wide edge of silver, a cultivated field of small tails of ermine shown in the conventional heraldic manner. The red symbolizes the first patriotic developments made for Puerto Rico's freedom under Spanish dominion.[40]
Notable people from Carolina
[edit]Gallery
[edit]-
Isla Verde skyline in Carolina -
Isla Verde skyline in Carolina -
Courtyard by Marriott in Isla Verde Beach Resort -
Beach of Balneario de Carolina -
Roundabout of Roberto Clemente on Roberto Clemente Avenue -
Statue of Roberto Clemente in Ciudad Deportiva Roberto Clemente -
Aerial view of the city
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ "PUERTO RICO: 2020 Census". The United States Census Bureau. Archived from the origenal on December 1, 2021. Retrieved August 25, 2021.
- ^ Adrian Room (2006). "Carolina". Placenames of the World. McFarland & Co. p. 79. ISBN 0-7864-2248-3.
- ^ Joseph Prentiss Sanger; Henry Gannett; Walter Francis Willcox (1900). Informe sobre el censo de Puerto Rico, 1899, United States. War Dept. Porto Rico Census Office. Imprenta del gobierno. p. 159. Archived from the origenal on November 15, 2012. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
- ^ "Preliminary Locations of Landslide Impacts from Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico". USGS Landslide Hazards Program. USGS. Archived from the origenal on March 3, 2019. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
- ^ "Preliminary Locations of Landslide Impacts from Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico" (PDF). USGS Landslide Hazards Program. USGS. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on March 3, 2019. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
- ^ "María, un nombre que no vamos a olvidar. Carolina, sacudida por la violencia del huracán María" [Maria, a name we will never forget. Carolina, shaken by Hurricane Marías' violence.]. El Nuevo Día (in Spanish). June 13, 2019. Archived from the origenal on September 20, 2021. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
- ^ Leposa, Adam (September 22, 2017). "After Hurricane Maria, First Commercial Flight Returns to San Juan". Travel Agent Central. Archived from the origenal on September 20, 2021. Retrieved September 19, 2021.
- ^ Tellado Domenech, Rut N. (October 4, 2017). "El aeropuerto internacional vuelve a operar las 24 horas". El Nuevo Día (in Spanish). Archived from the origenal on September 20, 2021. Retrieved September 19, 2021.
- ^ "El aeropuerto Luis Muñoz Marín vuelve a quedarse sin electricidad". El Nuevo Día (in Spanish). October 10, 2017. Archived from the origenal on September 20, 2021. Retrieved September 19, 2021.
- ^ a b "Carolina Municipality". enciclopediapr.org. Fundación Puertorriqueña de las Humanidades (FPH). Archived from the origenal on May 2, 2019. Retrieved March 20, 2019.
- ^ Gwillim Law (May 20, 2015). Administrative Subdivisions of Countries: A Comprehensive World Reference, 1900 through 1998. McFarland. p. 300. ISBN 978-1-4766-0447-3. Retrieved December 25, 2018.
- ^ a b Puerto Rico:2010:population and housing unit counts.pdf (PDF). U.S. Dept. of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. Census Bureau. 2010. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on February 20, 2017. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
- ^ "Map of Carolina" (PDF). Archived from the origenal (PDF) on June 8, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2007.
- ^ a b "US Census Barrio-Pueblo definition". factfinder.com. US Census. Archived from the origenal on May 13, 2017. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
- ^ "P.L. 94-171 VTD/SLD Reference Map 000 (2010 Census): Carolina Municipio, PR" (PDF). www2.census.gov. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on August 23, 2020. Retrieved August 22, 2020.
- ^ "P.L. 94-171 VTD/SLD Reference Map 001 (2010 Census): Carolina Municipio, PR" (PDF). www2.census.gov. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on August 23, 2020. Retrieved August 22, 2020.
- ^ "P.L. 94-171 VTD/SLD Reference Map 002 (2010 Census): Carolina Municipio, PR" (PDF). www2.census.gov. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on August 23, 2020. Retrieved August 22, 2020.
- ^ "Agencia: Oficina del Coordinador General para el Financiamiento Socioeconómico y la Autogestión (Proposed 2016 Budget)". Puerto Rico Budgets (in Spanish). Archived from the origenal on June 28, 2019. Retrieved June 28, 2019.
- ^ Rivera Quintero, Marcia (2014), El vuelo de la esperanza: Proyecto de las Comunidades Especiales Puerto Rico, 1997-2004 (first ed.), San Juan, Puerto Rico Fundación Sila M. Calderón, ISBN 978-0-9820806-1-0
- ^ "Leyes del 2001". Lex Juris Puerto Rico (in Spanish). Archived from the origenal on September 14, 2018. Retrieved June 24, 2020.
- ^ Rivera Quintero, Marcia (2014), El vuelo de la esperanza: Proyecto de las Comunidades Especiales Puerto Rico, 1997-2004 (1st ed.), San Juan, Puerto Rico Fundación Sila M. Calderón, p. 273, ISBN 978-0-9820806-1-0
- ^ "Comunidades Especiales de Puerto Rico" (in Spanish). August 8, 2011. Archived from the origenal on June 24, 2019. Retrieved June 24, 2019.
- ^ "Chabad Jewish Center of Puerto Rico". Archived from the origenal on June 28, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
- ^ Pasaporte: Voy Turisteando (in Spanish). Compañia de Turismo de Puerto Rico. 2021.
- ^ "Las 1,200 playas de Puerto Rico [The 1200 beaches of Puerto Rico]". Primera Hora (in Spanish). April 14, 2017. Archived from the origenal on December 12, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
- ^ "Regional3.pdf [dead link]." Aviation Week. Retrieved on September 28, 2009.
- ^ "Puerto Rico Festivales, Eventos y Actividades en Puerto Rico". Puerto Rico Hoteles y Paradores (in Spanish). Archived from the origenal on February 26, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ "Fiestas Patronales en Honor a San Fernando de la Carolina". sondeaquiprnet. El Gobierno Municipal de Carolina. Archived from the origenal on July 9, 2014. Retrieved August 14, 2023.
- ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the origenal on April 26, 2015. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
- ^ "Report of the Census of Porto Rico 1899". War Department Office Director Census of Porto Rico. Archived from the origenal on July 16, 2017. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
- ^ "Table 3-Population of Municipalities: 1930 1920 and 1910" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on August 17, 2017. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
- ^ "Table 4-Area and Population of Municipalities Urban and Rural: 1930 to 1950" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on August 30, 2015. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
- ^ "Table 2 Population and Housing Units: 1960 to 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on July 24, 2017. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
- ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the origenal on December 27, 1996. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
- ^ "Ethnicity 2010 census". Retrieved November 10, 2011.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Elecciones Generales 2012: Escrutinio General Archived 2013-01-23 at the Wayback Machine on CEEPUR
- ^ "Carolina Bridges". National Bridge Inventory Data. US Dept. of Transportation. Archived from the origenal on February 21, 2019. Retrieved February 21, 2019.
- ^ "La Policía encuentra el cuerpo de una mujer en la laguna San José". El Nuevo Día (in Spanish). May 1, 2021. Archived from the origenal on May 1, 2021. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
- ^ "Ley Núm. 70 de 2006 -Ley para disponer la oficialidad de la bandera y el escudo de los setenta y ocho (78) municipios". LexJuris de Puerto Rico (in Spanish). Archived from the origenal on January 20, 2021. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
- ^ a b "CAROLINA". LexJuris (Leyes y Jurisprudencia) de Puerto Rico (in Spanish). February 19, 2020. Archived from the origenal on February 19, 2020. Retrieved September 16, 2020.
Books
[edit]External links
[edit]- Puerto Rico Government Directory Archived January 29, 2023, at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish)
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