Ailtireachd
Is e a tha ann an Ailtire, fear (neo té) a dhealbhas togalaichean. Chanar Ailtireachd ris an saor seo, agus measar anns an latha an diugh gur e ealdhain (proifeasan) a tha ann. Tha an stoidhle ailtire dìonta ann an lagh na h-Alba agus iomadh dùthchannan eile. Tha sin ri ràdh, nach faod neach sam bith a chumail a-mach gur e ailtire a tha ann mur eil e na bhall de comann ailtireachd proifeiseanta na tìre. Feumaidh do ailtirean a chumail ri riaghailtean proifeiseanta anns an obair acasan, an da chuid, a dhìon muinntir na dùthcha bho dhroch ailtireachd agus a dhìon deagh ainm na h-ealdhain.
Tha eachdraidh na proifeasan seo ann an Eòrpa a' dol air ais ris na meadhan aoisean. B' e iadsan a ghin proifeasan na h-ailtireachd, mar a chì sinn i an diugh, na maighstir-clachairean a bha os cionn togail de Arosaibh (àrd-eaglaisean) eadar an 11mh cheud agus an t-Ath-Leasachadh anns an 16mh linn.
Ged a tha ailtirean air a bhith ri dealbhachadh togalaichean cudthromach os cionn ceudan nan bliadhna, chan ann gu tric a bhiodh iad a dealbhachadh taigheadas prìobhaideach ach airson daoine air leth bheartach. Is ann mar sin (ann an Alba mar eisimpleir), chithear seann taighean-mòra nan uachdaran a chaidh air dealbhachadh a rèir stoidhlean, a bha fasanta 'san latha air feadh na h-Eòrpa, ach far a bheil taighean co-aimsireil nan daoine cumanta fhathast maireannach lorgar gu bheil na taighean beag seo a' leantainn cruth cumanta na sgìre. Mar is tric tha na stoidhlean ionadail seo a' comharrachadh, chan ann a-mhàin linn an togail ach an stuth togail a bha so-gheibhte gu saor anns an sgìre aig an àm.
Sgoiltean Ailtireachd
[deasaich | deasaich an tùs]- Clasaigeach
- Ailtireachd Gotach (Gothic)
- Nua-Chlasaigeach
- Art Deco
- Art Nouveau
- Bauhaus
- Sgoil Chicago
- Modarnach
- Iar-Mhodarnach
- Reusantaiche
Ailtirean Ainmeil
[deasaich | deasaich an tùs]- Karl Friedrich Schinkel (1781–1841)
- Gottfried Semper (1803–1879)
- William Adam (1689–1748)
- Robert Adam (1728 - 1792)
- John Adam (1721 - 1792)
- Sir Christopher Wrenn (1632 - 1723)
- Otto Wagner (1841 – 1918)
- Adolf Loos (1870 – 1933)
Ailtirean sa 20mh linn
[deasaich | deasaich an tùs]- Alvar Aalto
- David Adler
- Christopher Alexander
- Tadao Ando
- Luis Barragan
- Welton Becket
- Pietro Belluschi
- Henrik Petrus Berlage
- Gottfried Boehm
- Ricardo Bofill
- Mario Botta
- Marcel Lajos Breuer
- J. van den Broek
- Gordon Bunshaft
- John Burgee
- Daniel Burnham
- Santiago Calatrava
- Sir Hugh Casson
- David Chipperfield
- Josep Antoni Coderch
- Ernest Cormier
- Charles Correa
- Ralph Adams Cram
- Max Dudler
- Willem Marinus Dudok
- Peter Eisenman
- Arthur Erickson
- Aldo van Eyck
- Sverre Fehn
- O'Neil Ford
- Norman Foster
- Buckminster Fuller
- Antoni Gaudí
- Frank Gehry
- Cass Gilbert
- Ernö Goldfinger
- Bertram Goodhue
- Michael Graves
- Walter Burley Griffin
- Nicholas Grimshaw
- Walter Gropius
- Victor Gruen
- Zaha Hadid
- Wallace Harrison
- Coop Himmelb(l)au
- Charles Holden
- Hans Hollein
- Raymond Hood
- Arata Isozaki
- Arne Jacobsen
- Helmut Jahn
- Philip Johnson
- Albert Kahn
- Louis Kahn
- Ralph Knott
- Hans Kolhoff
- Rem Koolhaas
- Leon Krier
- Kisho Kurokawa
- Sir Denys Lasdun
- Le Corbusier
- Liang Sicheng(梁思成)
- Daniel Libeskind
- Maya Lin
- Adolf Loos
- Edwin Lutyens
- Fumihiko Maki
- Charles Rennie Mackintosh
- Robert Mallet-Stevens
- Bernard Maybeck
- McKim, Mead and White
- Mecanoo
- Richard Meier
- Henry Mercer
- Duncan McDuffie
- Giovanni Michelucci
- Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
- Enric Miralles
- Samuel Mockbee
- Rafael Moneo
- Charles Willard Moore
- Julia Morgan
- Glenn Murcutt
- Richard Neutra
- Oscar Niemeyer
- Oscar Nitzchke
- Percy Erskine Nobbs
- Jean Nouvel
- A. G. Odell Jr.
- J.J.P. Oud
- I.M. Pei(贝聿明)
- Frits Peutz
- Renzo Piano
- Jože Plečnik
- Gio Ponti
- John Russell Pope
- John Portman
- Christian de Portzamparc
- Ralph Rapson
- Rip Rapson
- Steen Eiler Rasmussen
- Gerrit Rietveld
- Kevin Roche
- Richard Rogers
- Aldo Rossi
- Paul Rudolf
- Eero Saarinen
- Eliel Saarinen
- Moshe Safdie
- Carlo Scarpa
- Paul Schmitthenner
- Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky
- Giles Gilbert Scott
- Harry Seidler
- Josep Lluís Sert
- H. Craig Severance
- Alvaro Siza
- Alison Smithson
- Peter Smithson
- Paolo Soleri
- Albert Speer
- Basil Spence
- James Stirling
- Edward Durrell Stone
- Kenzo Tange
- Bruno Taut
- Giuseppe Terragni
- Benjamin C. Thompson
- Bernard Tschumi
- Jørn Utzon
- William van Alen
- Henry Van de Velde
- Robert Venturi
- Roland Wank
- Paul Williams
- Clough Williams-Ellis
- Jan Wils
- Frank Lloyd Wright
- Minoru Yamasaki