Molekul
Ngobotu Molekul uyito-yito gugusan u wolo elektris netral u tersusun mondo duluwo mealo lebe atom u saling berikatan melalui tihuto kimia.[2][3][4] Dabo, modelomo Fisika kuantum, kimia organik, wau biokimia, istilah molekul layito popohuna lo'u lebe longgar, olo popohuna ode ion poliatomik.
Modelomo teori kinetika gas, istilah molekul layito popohuna ode partikel gas apapun diyalu memperdulikan mota komposisi liyo. Modungohe definisi botiya, atom gas mulia dianggap odelo molekul odelo molekul monoatomik.[5]
Sojara wau etimologi
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]Modungohe Merriam-Webster wau Online Etymology Dictionary, istilah "molecule' popolahu londo bahasa Latin "moles" mealo unit kiki'o massa.
- Molecule (1974) - "partikel u teramat halus", londo bahasa Prancis molecule (1678), londo bahasa neo-latin molecula, kiki'o londo bahasa Latin moles "massa, penghalang". Bohuliyo lo pitualiyo samar-samar; mode lo'iya (pohunawa sambe pulito abad 18 bo to'u huhutu Latin) mowali ditelusuri ode filsafat Descartes.[6][7]
Definisi molekul longo'ala seiring polai'o lo pongotota pasali struktur molekul. Definisi to'udipo ilo ilangi tiluhata, mendefinisikan molekul odelo "partikel o kiki'o londo jat kimia murni u donggo mempertahankan komposisi wau watade kimialiyo".[8] Definisi botia layito terpatahkan sababu dadaata jat modelomo pengalaman biasa, odelo batuan, watingo, wau logam, terdiri mondo jaringan kristal damango mondo atom mealo ion u berikatan wolo kimia, dabo diila terbuat mondo molekul diskrit.
Ikatan
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]Molekul popotuauo ole tihuto kovalen mealo tihuto ion. Ngo'olo jenis unsur nonlogam bo woluo odelo molekul to lingkungan. Odelo Contoh, hidrogen bo woluo odelo molekul hidrogen. Ngobotu molekul senyawa terbuat mondo duluwo unsur mealo lebe.[9]
Kovalen
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]
Tihuto kovalen uyito-yito tihuto kimia u melibatkan tayadu pasangan elektron to wolota lo atom. Pasangan elektron botia pole pasangan sama-sama wolo mealo pasangan tihuto, wau keseimbangan stabil mondo gaya tarik wau tolak depito atom, to'u timongolio berbagi elektron hale boyito pole lo tihuto kovalen.[10]
Ionik
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]Tihuto ionik uyito-yito sejenis tihuto kimia u melibatkan daya tarik elektrostatik wolota ion lo detohu berlawanan, wau mowali interaksi mopiyohu u yiloali to senyawa ionik. Ion uyito-yito atom u loilowolia tuwawu mealo lebe elektron (kation) wau atom u lomo'otapu ma'o tuwawu mealo lebe elektron (anion).[11]
Referensi
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]- ↑ Iwata, Kota; Yamazaki, Shiro; Mutombo, Pingo; Hapala, Prokop; Ondráček, Martin; Jelínek, Pavel; Sugimoto, Yoshiaki (2015). "Chemical structure imaging of a single molecule by atomic force microscopy at room temperature". Nature Communications. 6: 7766. Bibcode:2015NatCo...6E7766I. doi:10.1038/ncomms8766. PMC 4518281
. PMID 26178193.
- ↑ Chemistry (IUPAC), The International Union of Pure and Applied. "IUPAC - molecule (M04002)". goldbook.iupac.org. Diakses tanggal 2021-04-22.
- ↑ Ebbing, Darrell D. (1990). General chemistry. Mark S. Wrighton (edisi ke-3rd ed). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-43302-9. OCLC 21148426.
- ↑ Chemistry : the central science. Theodore L. Brown, Theodore L. Brown (edisi ke-9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. 2002. ISBN 0-13-066997-0. OCLC 47953855.
- ↑ Chandra, Sulekh (2004). Comprehensive inorganic chemistry (for B. Sc 1st year) (edisi ke-1st ed., repr). New Delhi, India: New Age International (P) Ltd. Pub. ISBN 81-224-1512-1. OCLC 436943920.
- ↑ "molecule | Origin and meaning of molecule by Online Etymology Dictionary". www.etymonline.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2021-04-22.
- ↑ "Definition of MOLECULE". www.merriam-webster.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2021-04-22.
- ↑ "Mengenal Molekul". www.sainsindonesia.co.id. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-04-22. Diakses tanggal 2021-04-22.
- ↑ Hutchinson (Firm) (2010). The Hutchinson unabridged encyclopedia with atlas and weather guide (dalam bahasa English). Oxford, England: Helicon. ISBN 978-1-84972-716-7. OCLC 696918830.
- ↑ Campbell, Neil A. (2006). Biology : exploring life. Brad Williamson, Robin J. Heyden, Pearson/Prentice Hall. Boston, Mass.: Pearson/Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-250882-6. OCLC 75299209.
- ↑ Elements of metallurgy and engineering alloys. F. C. Campbell. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. 2008. ISBN 978-1-61503-058-3. OCLC 608624525.