Advancements in Lung Cancer Precision Oncology Research and Treatments

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Biology and Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 1435

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Anatomic Pathology and Histology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, Sassari, Italy
Interests: molecular pathology of solid tumors; lung cancer; melanoma; circulating biomarkers
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Unit of Immuno-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, Sassari, Italy
Interests: cancer genetics; molecular diagnosis; biomarkers; precision medicine; melanoma and non-melanoma pathogenesis
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Co-Guest Editor
Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori Hospital in Monza, Via Giambattista Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy
Interests: immunotherapy; NSCLC
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the first cause of cancer death worldwide. It is currently estimated that less than 21% of lung cancer patients are alive five years from diagnosis; this depends on several factors, including the silent clinical course of the disease leading to late diagnosis, advanced age, respiratory impairment, cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities, histology, and others. Significant improvements in lung cancer survival have been obtained in the last decade by introducing two novel therapeutic approaches for patients affected by non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a histological subtype that includes approximately 85% of lung cancers: immunotherapy and gene-targeted therapy. These treatments are based on identifying predictive biomarkers, revolutionizing daily practice in modern pathology and medical oncology, and bridging consistent survival advantages in NSCLC patients. Currently, EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, ERBB2, ALK, ROS1, MET, RET, and NTRK genetic alterations and PD-L1 immunohistochemical expression are used to make treatment decisions, and a great number of ongoing clinical trials investigate novel molecular targets, medications, treatment combinations and protocols against lung cancer. This Special Issue aims to shed light on the most recent advancements in precision oncology research and current innovations in targeted and immunological treatments against lung cancer.

Dr. Panagiotis Paliogiannis
Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Palmieri
Dr. Francesca Colonese
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • lung
  • cancer
  • NSCLC
  • targeted therapies
  • immunotherapy
  • precision oncology
  • EGFR
  • KRAS
  • ALK
  • ROS1

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 302 KiB  
Article
Immunotherapy in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Modified Delphi Survey Consensus on First Line Treatment, Special Populations and Rechallenge
by Francesca Colonese, Alessandra Bulotta, Carlo Genova, Diego Signorelli, Laura Bonanno, Claudia Proto, Immunotherapy in NSCLC Delphi Panel and Diego Luigi Cortinovis
Biomedicines 2024, 12(12), 2742; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12122742 - 29 Nov 2024
Viewed by 973
Abstract
Background: The treatment landscape for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has evolved significantly with the advent of immunotherapy. Nonetheless, uncertainty regarding optimal first-line treatments, special populations, and the feasibility of rechallenge remains. This study aims to investigate Italian oncologists’ opinions on these [...] Read more.
Background: The treatment landscape for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has evolved significantly with the advent of immunotherapy. Nonetheless, uncertainty regarding optimal first-line treatments, special populations, and the feasibility of rechallenge remains. This study aims to investigate Italian oncologists’ opinions on these aspects through a Delphi Survey. Methods: A steering committee (SC) of six oncologists identified three topics of interest, namely NSCLC (first line) therapeutic choice, NSCLC special populations, and NSCLC immunotherapy rechallenge), and drafted several topic-related statements to be voted in the Delphi Survey by the 61 oncologists forming the Delphi Panel. The survey included two rounds, wherein the experts rated their agreement/disagreement with the statements on a 5-point Likert scale. Consensus was defined as agreement/disagreement by at least 75% of the panel. Results: The SC drafted 69 statements for the first round, of which 16 (23.2%) met the agreement threshold, 5 (7.2%) met the disagreement threshold, and 48 (69.6%) did not reach consensus. The SC revised the latter statements and drafted 37 for the second round. Overall, 5 (13.5%) statements met the agreement threshold, 1 (2.7%) met the disagreement threshold, and 31 (83.8%) did not reach consensus in the second round. Conclusions: The survey showed agreement on the necessity of molecular characterization, mutations, smoke, the role of steroid therapy, and immunotherapy rechallenge, and revealed several areas of uncertainty among Italian oncologists on the use of immunotherapy in NSCLC. Statements—where consensus was not met—can be used to guide future clinical research in resolving the issues. Full article
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