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Combustion in SI Engine

In SI engines, the combustion cycle must be completed within 10-100 ms due to the high angular speeds of 500-5000 min-1. A laminar flame would be too slow, so the mixture is turbulent to greatly increase the flame propagation rate. Combustion occurs in three phases - ignition lag, flame propagation, and afterburning. Pressure rises sharply during flame propagation after a brief ignition lag. Lean mixtures can improve efficiency but are more difficult to ignite and have slower laminar flame speeds, requiring optimization of combustion conditions.

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3K views25 pages

Combustion in SI Engine

In SI engines, the combustion cycle must be completed within 10-100 ms due to the high angular speeds of 500-5000 min-1. A laminar flame would be too slow, so the mixture is turbulent to greatly increase the flame propagation rate. Combustion occurs in three phases - ignition lag, flame propagation, and afterburning. Pressure rises sharply during flame propagation after a brief ignition lag. Lean mixtures can improve efficiency but are more difficult to ignite and have slower laminar flame speeds, requiring optimization of combustion conditions.

Uploaded by

atulsemilo
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMBUSTION IN SI ENGINES

22 February 2013

Conditions of combustion in SI engines


The angular speed in SI engines is in the range of 500-5000 min-1, so the whole cycle is 10-100 ms. During this time the mixture must be ignited, burnt and reburnt.

Laminar flame is too slow, however the mixture in the cylinder is turbulized and flame is turbulent, which makes the rate of combustion very high.

In the process of combustion in SI can be divided into three phases a) Ignition lag b) Flame propagation c) afterburning.

22 February 2013

Idle 4-stroke S I engine


Pressure combustion

b TDC

a
0 180 Cranke angle(deg)

360

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Stages of combustion in SI engines

Changes of the pressure in the cylinder of SI engine


Phases of combustion: I ignition lag II Flame Propagation III Afterburning

AB- Ignition lag B C- Flame propagation CD- After burning

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Rate OF Pressure RISE

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Optimisation of combustion in SI engines


There is a dominating tendency to burn lean mixtures (>>1), because it improves efficiency of the engine and reduces pollutant emission. Combustion of lean mixtures in SI engines causes some problems: a) Speed of laminar flame propagation is lower, b) Ignition is more difficult.

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Fuel Knock Scale

To provide a standard measure of a fuels ability to resist knock, a scale has been devised by which fuels are assigned an octane number ON. The octane number determines whether or not a fuel will knock in a given engine under given operating conditions. By definition, normal heptane (n-C7H16) has an octane value of zero andisooctane (C8H18) has a value of 100.

22 February 2013

Fuel Knock Scale

The higher the octane number, the higher the resistance to knock.
Blends of these two hydrocarbons define the knock resistance of intermediate octane numbers: e.g., a blend of 10% n-heptane and 90% isooctane has an octane number of 90.

A fuels octane number is determined by measuring what blend of these two hydrocarbons matches the test fuels knock resistance.

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Thanks

22 February 2013

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