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Fundamental Particles: by Maddy, Issy and Emma

This document summarizes fundamental particles called leptons and quarks. It describes that there are 3 families of leptons including electrons, muons and taus, with electrons being the lightest. Quarks exist in combinations to form hadrons and cannot be found alone. There are 6 types of quarks split into 3 generations of increasing mass consisting of up/down, strange/charm, and bottom/top quarks. Quarks are assigned a baryon number of 1/3 for quarks and -1/3 for anti-quarks to explain which particle combinations can exist.

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Dhanveer Dhanjal
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54 views8 pages

Fundamental Particles: by Maddy, Issy and Emma

This document summarizes fundamental particles called leptons and quarks. It describes that there are 3 families of leptons including electrons, muons and taus, with electrons being the lightest. Quarks exist in combinations to form hadrons and cannot be found alone. There are 6 types of quarks split into 3 generations of increasing mass consisting of up/down, strange/charm, and bottom/top quarks. Quarks are assigned a baryon number of 1/3 for quarks and -1/3 for anti-quarks to explain which particle combinations can exist.

Uploaded by

Dhanveer Dhanjal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fundamental Particles

By Maddy, Issy and Emma

Leptons
Small point-like particles Example:
Electrons with a charge of -1 and the corresponding antiparticles (like the positron) of charge +1. Neutrinos and antineutrinos are electrically neutral.

There are three lepton families: 1. Electron (e) Light Particles 2. Muon () 3. Tau () - 1800 times heavier than an
electron
The 12 Leptons
Particle Anti particle Neutrinos Anti neutrinos e e ve ve v v v v

Charge
-1 +1 0 0

Lepton Number
+1 -1 +1 -1

Quarks
Consists of six particles and six corresponding anti-particles. Never found on their own but exist in hadrons formed from various quark combinations.

hadrons particles and antiparticles that can interact through the strong interaction.

Types of quark:

These quarks are split into three generations of increasing mass:


1st generation 2nd generation 3rd generation up and down strange and charm bottom and top

Quarks are given a Baryon number :


Quark 1/3 Anti quark -1/3

This is to explain which particles can exist and the outcome of observed interactions between particles.

Quarks with charge -1/3 Down Strange

Quarks with charge +2/3 Up Charm

Increasing mass

Bottom

Top

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