Scribd
Upload
90 views7 pages

Data:: What Is Data and Information?

Data is raw information that has been collected. Information is data that has been processed and organized to be useful. Data processing involves collecting data, evaluating it, manipulating it, interpreting it, and disseminating information. It involves collecting internal and external data, evaluating, manipulating and sorting data, interpreting unclear data, and reporting information. A computer system includes input devices to enter data, a CPU to process data, output devices to display information, memory to store data and programs, and an ALU to perform calculations. There are three levels of management - strategic level for long term planning, tactical level for medium planning and control, and operational level for short term activities and day to day work.

Uploaded by

Maruf Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
90 views7 pages

Data:: What Is Data and Information?

Data is raw information that has been collected. Information is data that has been processed and organized to be useful. Data processing involves collecting data, evaluating it, manipulating it, interpreting it, and disseminating information. It involves collecting internal and external data, evaluating, manipulating and sorting data, interpreting unclear data, and reporting information. A computer system includes input devices to enter data, a CPU to process data, output devices to display information, memory to store data and programs, and an ALU to perform calculations. There are three levels of management - strategic level for long term planning, tactical level for medium planning and control, and operational level for short term activities and day to day work.

Uploaded by

Maruf Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

What is data and information?

Data:
Data is just the raw material of organizational life.
Information:
Information derived from data that has been processed to make it meaningful and useful to the
management.
What is data processing? Give it briefly.
Data processing:
A process of turning data into information that comprises data collection, data evaluation, data
processing (manipulating), data interpreting and information dissemination (reporting).
Data collection
Internal data

Data evaluation
Data

External data

Data manipulation

Information

Data interpreting

Data collection:
When a person understands something after collecting information, than it will be data
collection.Exzample: Mother I eat rice.
Data evaluation:
After collecting information if a person does not take the information as right in any posture of the
informer, than it will be data evaluation.
Data manipulation:
The work of data manipulation is to find out relative and irrelative information. And give priority to
relative one and give up the irrelative one.so, data manipulation is to short out the relative
information.

Data interpreting:

1 MARUF AHMED

After shorting out the information, it can be found some information that is not understandable in
the organization, than that information should be understandable and that information should be
used in the organization.
Raw data
Information

Knowledge

Decision making

WRITE DOWN THE BASIC ORGANIZATION OF A COMPUTER AND HOW IT WORKS.


Input device:
Input device is that parts of which input data is given to the computer. For example: keyboard and
mouse.
CPU:
The central processing unit in short CPU is which part of computer that involves in data collection,
processing, manipulating, receiving and transmitting is generally called CPU.
Output device:
Output device are those device devices that involves in representing of information which is
processed by CPU is called output device. Example: printer
Memory:
Which part OF CPU that can store raw or processed data or information and finally microprocessor
can retrieve data/information from that device?

There are two types of memory:


1. Internal
2. External

Input device
(Keyboard, Mouse, Joystick,
Scanner)
2 MARUF AHMED

Output device
(Printer,
Monitor)

ALU:
Arithmetic logic unit in short ALU, that processes logical and mathematical calculation is called ALU.it
is an insider part of microprocessor.
Resistor:
It is a general type of memory that can hold one bit. A bit means binary digit 0 and 1.
Control unit:
This unit of microprocessor is responsible for controlling all data transfer as well.it is also called
timing unit.

What is information quality? Write the attributes of information.

Information quality:
Content dimension:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Relevancy: appropriate to the matter in hand.


Accuracy: correct in all details
Completeness: provide with the items necessary to make information complete.
Scope: the intension of information.

Time dimension:
1. Time linens: graphical representation of a period of time, on which important events are
marked.
2. Frequency: how much information is original
3. Time period: how much time it takes
From dimension:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Clarity: easily perceived or understood


Detail: describe item by item
Order: neatly arranged
Presentation: presenting something in good style with a formal introduction.
Media: storage material in a particular form.

3 MARUF AHMED

What is the value of information? Explain briefly.


Value of information:
Maximum price one should pay for knowing actual value of uncertainly before deciding on a course
of action.

There are two kinds of value of information:


1. Tangible value
2. Intangible value
Tangible value:
If an informer is told to do a report on wub room-3003 tangible value would be:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Raw data: room and instrument of the room


Plant: wub room-3003
Financial resource: financial resource of wub
Human resource: quality of the students

Information as corporate resource in intangible value:


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

To monitor performance
To identify opportunity/threats
To reduce uncertainty
To enhance understanding and learning
Add value to the decision making process and affect corporate performance.

Explain the levels of management.


There are three levels of management activities:
1. Strategic level
2. Tactical level
3. Operational level

Strategic
Tactical
Operational
4 MARUF AHMED

Strategic level:
Long term planning, large invest
Need internal, detailed transactional data to fulfill operational tasks (recording, processing
transactions)

Tactical level:
Medium-term planning monitor and control, resource allocation.
Need internal, syntheslsed, summarized transactional data to monitor and control
performance.
Operational level:
Short term planning, day-to day control and management
Need both internal and external strategic information to plan and forecast feature, support
strategic decision making.

What is IS and IT? Differ between them.


I.S:
Information system in short IS is a set of interrelated components that collect, retrieve ,process,
store and distribute information for the purpose of facilitating, planning ,control,coordination,analysis and decision-making in organizations.
I.T:
The study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving
and sending information.

Difference between IS and IT.


Information system
1. Information system in short IS is a set
of interrelated components that collect,
retrieve ,process, store and distribute
information for the purpose of
facilitating,
planning
,control,coordination,analysis
and
decisionmaking in organizations.
5 MARUF AHMED

Information technology
1. The study or use of systems (especially
computers and telecommunications) for
storing,
retrieving
and
sending
information.

2. An interacting starting structure of


people, equipment and procedures
integrated to collect, process and
disserminate data/information
to
achieve certain objectives.
3. Collect process and disseminate
data/information to achieve certain
objectives.

2. Generally refers to the devices


(computer,
microelectronics,
telecommunication)
that
collect,
process, manipulate, and transmit data
and information.
3. Rapidly collect process, manipulate, and
transmit data and information.

Component of an information system. Describe briefly.


Information system:
A set of interrelated components that collect, retrieve ,process, store and distribute information for
the purpose of facilitating, planning ,control,co-ordination,analysis and decision-making in
organizations.

PEOPLE

PEOPLE

EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

Information
system

TECHNOLOGY

Components of information system:


Organizations:
According to J.W Schulze, organization is a combination of necessary beings, materials, tools,
equipment, working space brought together in systematic and effective correlation, to accomplish
some desired object.
People:
People are an important component of information system. People are the number of manpower
working or available for work or service.
Technology:
Technology is the application of machinery and equipment based knowledge for practical purposes.it
is an important component because technology made the information system faster and smarter.

6 MARUF AHMED

External environment:
External environment is a part of information system that situated on or forming the outside.

What is hardware and software and software package?


Hardware:
Hardware is the term given the machinery and various individual place of equipment.it refers to the
physical devices of a computer system. Hence the input storage, processing, control and output
devices are hardware.
Software:
The term software refers to the set of computer programmers, procedwers and associated
documents which describes the programmers and how they are too used.
Software package:
It is a group of programs that solves a specific problem or performs a specific type of job. For
example: a word-processing package.
Relationship between hardware and software:
Both hardware and software are necessary for a computer to run. Both are complement.
Same hardware can be loaded with different software to perform different types of job.
Except for upgrades, hardware is normally a one-time expense, where software is a
continuing expense.

7 MARUF AHMED

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy