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Solutions Hints 2

This document provides solution hints or partial answers for odd-numbered problems from the textbook "Engineering Mechanics of Deformable Solids" by Sanjay Govindjee. It lists over 100 problem numbers followed by brief hints or partial solutions to help guide students in solving the problems. The document does not provide full solutions to maintain the problem-solving learning process. It focuses on guiding students towards the key concepts and steps needed to arrive at the solutions independently.

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1K views6 pages

Solutions Hints 2

This document provides solution hints or partial answers for odd-numbered problems from the textbook "Engineering Mechanics of Deformable Solids" by Sanjay Govindjee. It lists over 100 problem numbers followed by brief hints or partial solutions to help guide students in solving the problems. The document does not provide full solutions to maintain the problem-solving learning process. It focuses on guiding students towards the key concepts and steps needed to arrive at the solutions independently.

Uploaded by

iftikhar4498929
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering Mechanics of Deformable Solids

Solution Hints or Partial Answers: Odd Numbered Problems


Sanjay Govindjee1
Structural Engineering, Mechanics, and Materials
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, CA 94720-1710

E-mail: s g@berkeley.edu

ii

c by Sanjay Govindjee, 2016, all rights reserved.


1
4.5 xy = 6.4 106 leads to a decrease in the interior
x, y-axes angle, plus appropriate expansions from
the normal strains.
4.7 Normal strains are zero, there is only a shear
strain.
4.9 Consider a small line segment of material oriented
in the z-direction and employ a differential L/L
construction.
2.1 P1 < 196 kN
4.11 = 0.02
2.3 d > 4.92 mm
4.13 Consider an arc of material at a fixed radius
2.5 Define the geometry and make section cuts at from the origin.
different elevations.
2.7 Consider how the equation was derived.
5.1 Use the 3D Hookes Law with zero transverse
2.9 What happens if you integrate the equation stresses to find the deformation in the transverse
twice?
directions.

0.41 0.10 0.36


2.11 u(x) = 5x[1 13 (x/500)2 ]
0.14
0.63 MPa
2.13 To find the boundary condition at the RHS, 5.3 =
sym
0.94
consider making a FBD of the RHS.
5.5 (a) xx = 3200 psi, (b) xx = 3647 psi
2.15 Relative error = 3 104
2.17 If kL/AE = 0 one should recover the free end 5.7 p = 0.98 MPa
solution; as kL/AE one should recover the 5.9 z = Gr
5.11 Compute the compressive stress necessary to
built-in end solution.
1/n
create sufficient lateral contraction. Upon release as2.19 = (P/CA) L
1
sume zero axial stress and linear radial displacement
2.21 F = P ln(1 + 2 (E1 /Eo ))/ ln(1 + E1 /Eo )
field. Zero friction implies no shears.
2.23 Note, b(x) = (C/L a)hx ai and integrate.
5.13 Start from the strains in terms of the stresses
2.25 u(x) = (gL/2E)x(1 x/L)
and invert the linear relations.
2.27 Check the limits of k = 0 and k .
2.29 Note, B AB = S AS and (1 + S )L =
6.1 = 0.476 mstrain, xx,Al = 36.7 MPa
(1 + B )(L xn).
2 2
4 /4]
6.3 u(x) = F x/2[Eo c2 /2 + Ec
2.31 max = L /2E
3
3
6.5 p = 6.67 10 psi
2.33 = 5.6 10 (P/AE)
6.7 p = F/R2
2.35 Wstored = (C/n + 1)(P/CA)(n+1)/n
6.9 p = 0.01Et/R
6.11 = pR sin(2)/4t
3.1 Fmax = 622 kN
6.13 Assume strains are constant in the wall. Apply
3.3 max = F/2A
force equilibrium axially and in the hoop direction to
3.5 = 6.2 ksi
get two equations. The other two arise by equating
3.7 Apply Cauchys Law and integrate.
the axial and hoop strains in the two materials and
3.9 Apply Cauchys Law.
3.11 Use a differential element construction with employing the constitutive relations.
force equilibrium in the x-direction.
3.13 Use a differential element construction with 7.1 Use a differential element construction as in the
force equilibrium in the z-direction.
text.
3.15 F = 0, M = 375ez kip in
7.3 Which balance principles where used in the
derivations of these equations?
4.1 xy = 0.01
7.5 Make a series of section cuts between each set
4.3 xx = 4 104
of loads starting from one end and working towards
Solution Hints or Partial Answers to odd
numbered problems:
1.1 There should be no moment at the tip of the
pencil.
1.3 Make sure to include lift and drag forces.
1.5 Fa = W1 , Fb = W1 + W2 , Mb = W1 l1 + W2 l2
1.7 V (x) = P , M (x) = M P (L x)

2
the other to get the torque diagram. Using this one
can determine the stresses and strains.
7.7 P = 4.96 kJ
7.9 TL = 298 lbf in, TR = 302 lbf in,
d(z)/dz = 3.26 106 rad/in z (000 , 2000 )
7.11 Note that z = z is the only non-zero stress.
7.13 kT = [G1 R14 + G2 (R24 R14 )]/2L
7.15 (z) = [25z 3 /3 + 2.25 106 z]/61.4G, units N
and mm.
2
7.17 to = 8GJ /L
7.19 Last section of shaft needs to have a diameter
of 15.7 mm.
7.21 (L) = (Ta L/GJ)[(1 + kL/2GJ)/(1 + kL/GJ)
1/2]
7.23 T (0) = c(L Rd)2 /2L
7.25
=
0 dz and 0
=
[(n +
n+3 1/n
3)/(2BR
)] [Ta + to (L z)]1/n
7.27 0 = (2/G)[30.75ez 10zez ]
7.29
TR
=
[(TA TB )L1 /(GJ)1
TB L2 /(GJ)2 ]/[L1 /(GJ)1 + L2 /(GJ)2 + L3 /(GJ)3 ]
7.31 (r) = Cr/Grr
7.33 = 0.867 rad
7.35 T = 320 kN mm
7.37 = 10Y L/9Gc
7.39 T (0 ) = (GY c3 /2)[(4/3)(1 H/G) +
(H/G)(0 /0Y ) (1/3)(1 H/G)(0 /0Y )3 ] , 0
0Y
7.41 max = T /2wht1
7.43 TY = (2h + w/4)wt1 Y
7.45 kT = 4(wh + w2 /8)G/L((2h + w)/t2 +
(w/2)/t1 )

ai2 /2 + C1 x3 /6 + C2 x2 /2 +
8.21 EIv(x) = Shx
C3 x + C4
8.23 EIv 000 (L) = 0, v 0 (L) = 0
8.25(b) Use superposition of two Heaviside step
functions.
8.27 |Mmax | = 500/9
8.29 v(x) = [hx 100i5 /10 + 104 x3 5 106 x]/EI
(USCS)
8.31 v(x) = (P/6EI)[2hx ai3 x3 + a2 x]
8.33 |max | = 0.01 rad at x = 77 in
8.35 Assume linear strains, = c1 y, with y
measured
chord of the beam.
R from the bottom
R
Impose A dA = 0 and y dA = 0 to find c1 and
. Note = E( T ).
8.37 Impose force equilibrium in the z-direction on a
differential element.
8.39 Show that the stress is of the form
= c1 a (yey + zez ) + c2 and that to fulfill
the given conditions a must be parallel to ey + ez or
ey ez .
8.41 At A xx = 0 and xy = 0.17P (USCS).
8.43 max = 0.33 N/mm2
8.45 S < Fd (h1 + h2 )3 /18P h1 h2
8.47 P < 71 kN
8.49 L = 37.4 in
8.51 MY = 95.8 kip in
8.53 M = 15 MN mm
8.55 Mu = 3Bh2 b/8
8.57 Mu = 5.46 103 kip in
8.59 = 1.02Y L2 /Eh
8.61 Use the fact that the strains will be linear in y

8.1 Use a differential element construction as in the


text, noting that = limx0 L/L.
8.3 M = C1 (bh3 /12) + C2 (bh5 /80)3
8.5 Which balance principles where used in the
derivations of these equations?
8.7 Recall that = y which allows you to
determine in terms of the gauge strain and gauge
position.
8.9 I = a3 b/4
8.11 I = 61.5 106 mm4
8.13 (EI)eff = 5.33 109 N mm2
8.15 = 2g (E1 + E2 )/hE2
8.17 V (0) = 43LW/120
8.19 v(x) = 3(x/L)2 [1 (2/3)(x/L)]

9.1 = 13.5 MPa (normal stress)


9.3 s = 22o


0.725
1
9.5 1 = 57.6 ksi, n =
0.690
0.31
9.7 1 = 60.7 ksi, n1 = 0.28
0.91
9.9 1 = 10.9 MPa
9.11max = 13.7 (given units)
9.13c max = 10 psi

9.15 max = (1 + 5)A/2


9.17 Start from the relation x0 y0 = ux0 /y 0 .
9.19 Start from the relation y0 y0 = uy0 /y 0 .
9.21 1 = 6.2 kPa

3
9.23
9.25
9.27
9.29
9.31

T < 2pR3
Elastic
p = 50/3 ksi, sxz = 8 ksi, szz = 6.67 ksi
Yield
pY = Y 4t/R

10.1 = P L/AE + 2P L/AG + P L3 /GJ +


2P L3 /3EI
10.3 = P b2 (9b + 5a)/EI
10.5 kT = T / = 1/2N (a/GJ + L/EI)
10.7 = P L3 /48EI
3
3
10.9 x = P L3 /2EI
P L /GJ, y = P L /2EI
10.11 = P L/2 5AE
10.13 = P L/2AE
10.15 = 28Me L/27EI
10.17 = 128/3EI m (assuming modulus in kN/m2
and moment of inertia in m)
10.19 = (P L/AE)(L/AG+4L3 /3EI)/(L/AG+
4L3 /3EI + L/AE)
10.21 = Me [4L/EI (L2 /2EI)/(2L/3 +
2EI/LAG)]
10.23 = Me (12EIL + AGL3 )/(12(EI)2 +
4AGEIL2 )
10.25 Start from the hint, replace the curvature by
its expression in terms of the bending moment, now
and integrate.
multiply by M
10.27 = 2.68 107 P + 1.9 102 (displacement
in meters and load in Newton)
11.1 ux = 1.96 104 in
11.3 M1 L/[(GJ)1 + (GJ)2 ]
11.5 In the limit as k , a Ta L/4GJ.
11.7 Axial % Case b 0.084, Axial % Case c 0.0015
11.9 = M L(1 ea/L )/A
11.11 = P b2 (9b + 5a)/EI
3
11.13 k = EI/R

11.15 = 2P L/2AE + 11P L3 /96EI


11.17 = 128/3EI rad (assuming modulus in kN/m2
and moment of inertia in m)
11.19 = 4L3 P/(3EI + 4AEL2 )
11.21 v(x) 90L2 x2 /12EI
11.23 A two term guess with a quadratic plus a
quartic function can produce a solution with 1%
error at mid-span.
11.25 A linear approximation yields approx (L) =
kL3 /3GJ.

11.27 A one term approximation can produce a


stiffness error of 5.2%.
11.29 Start from the potential energy, plug in a
generic expansion expression, take the appropriate
derivatives.
11.31 C = 4P/AEL
12.1 Pcr = 0.44 kN
12.3 Matrix entry 12 equal k3 , matrix entry 33
equals k4 P L.
12.5 Pcr = kL2h /2Lv
12.7 Pcr = 2 kN
12.9 Utilize the general solution to the ordinary differential equation for buckling, apply the boundary
conditions, and find the conditions for a non-trivial
solution.
12.11 Utilize the general solution to the ordinary differential equation for buckling, apply the boundary
conditions, and find the conditions for a non-trivial
solution.
12.13 Re-read the chapter, if you do not know the
answer.
p
2
2
1 + (b/h)2
12.15 Pcr = 2 2 EI/(h
+
b
)

3
12.17 T = R P 5/4
12.19 If you guess a cosine shape, you should get the
exact answer.
12.21 A single term quadratic guess gives
Pcr 1.92 kN
12.23 Pcr = 978 kip
12.25 hA single iterm quadratic guess gives
2
q/2
v(x) 6aP/L
12EI/L2 P x(x L)
13.1 H = 1.96 104 in
13.3 = M1 /[(GJ)1 /L + (GJ)2 /L]
13.5 There should be three terms in the external virtual work.
13.7 There should be six terms in the external virtual
work.
13.9 The space of test functions should match the
space of trial solutions.
13.11 If no restrictions are made on the space of test
functions, the external virtual work will have two
terms.
13.13 S = {v(x) | v(a) = v(L + a) = 0}
R 24
R 24
d
u
13.15 0 du
u dx (USCS)
dx 8000 dx dx = 0 2

4
13.17 v(x) qo L2 x2 /12EI
13.19 Quadratic, single term S and V give (z)
3kLz 2 /16GJ.
13.21 Using two term linear plus quadratic spaces for
S and V gives v(x) 6(C + DL)P x/ 3DP x2 /,
= 6C 2 + 6CDL + D2 L2 .

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