2017B 7115IBA Study Guide
2017B 7115IBA Study Guide
Complex Projects
Study Guidelines
CONTENTS
Seminars page 5
KEY DATES
Twenty first century projects are complex because goals are unclear;
stakeholders are dispersed and have multiple views; requirements are volatile
and poorly understood; and assumptions are likely to change over the duration
of the project. Therefore, solutions need to be novel, multidisciplinary and
adaptive to ever changing conditions. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, this
course provides a combination of theoretical insights and practical conceptual
tools to diagnose project complexity, and to make decision about organizing
complex projects. It is expected that at the end of the course students will be
able to understand the different dimensions of complex projects; select the most
adequate conceptual tools to deal with the type of complexity of projects; adapt
tools to specific project situation; and be aware of the implications of the
decisions made for internal stakeholders, customers, suppliers and project goals.
This course presents a set of advanced organisational and management
tools specifically developed to cope with both organisational and people-related
issues embedded in complex projects. Based on a combination of complexity,
learning & knowledge management as well as power and politics theories, this
course helps to diagnose project complexity and to make informed decisions about
the adequate tools to be applied based on the projects complexity profile.
Furthermore, it supports the development of soft project management skills
required to overcome issues linked to the actual implementation of the various
stages of the project such as, people resistance, multiple stakeholders with
competing views, unsupportive sponsors and diverse teams.
The course targets those with some responsibility for managing or
sponsoring a project as well as team project members. It is specially designed for
learners with work experience who feel the need for acquiring additional project
management skills that go beyond traditional control and planning-based methods
such as the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK).
Its aim is to present, share and promote the in-depth understanding of
advanced project management concepts as well as the development of skills for
understanding the key dimensions of complex projects and real world practices to
make the project implementation happen. This means that on completion of the
course, students should be able to critically analyse a project within a specific
context and develop alternative solutions blending technical, resource,
organisational and people related issues.
The central questions addressed by the course therefore are:
To be successful, a project
manager requires a diverse LEARNING OBJECTIVES
range of management, technical
skills and knowledge. While the
course focuses on Project Management, it allows students to integrate and
contribute knowledge from many of their discipline specific management areas
(both practical and theoretical).
STAFF DETAILS
TIMETABLE INFORMATION
SEMINARS
MAP OF SEMINARS
LIST OF READINGS
Recommended Readings:
Geraldi, J., Maylor, H. and Williams, T. (2011) Now, lets make it really
complex (complicated) A systematic review of the complexities of
projects, International Journal of Operations & Production Management,
31(9): 966-990
(read pages 966-968 and 976-986).
Crawford L. & Pollack J. (2004) Hard and soft projects: a framework for
analysis, International Journal of Project Management, 22: 645-653.
Cooke-Davies, T., Cicmil, S., Crawford, L and Richardson, K. (2007) Were
not in Kansas anymore, Toto: Mapping the strange landscape of
complexity theory, and its relationship to project management, Project
Management Journal, 38(2): 50-61.
Recommended Readings:
Boddy, D. and Paton, R. (2004) Responding to competing narratives: lessons
for project managers, International Journal of Project Management, 22:
225-233.
Funston, F. & Wagner, S. (2010) Surviving and Thriving in Uncertainty,
Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons (Chapters 3-13).
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Schlesinger, L., Kiefer, C. & Brown, P. (2012) New project? Dont analyze-
Act, Harvard Business Review, 90(3), March.
MODULE 3: Screening Part B
Prescribed Readings:
Shenhar, A. and Dvir, D. (2007) Reinventing Project ManagementThe
Diamond approach to successful growth and innovation, Boston: MA.,
Harvard Business School Press (Chapters 4, 5, 6, 7). [South Bank
Library Call HD69.875S52 2007. eBook is also available on-line from
the Library].
Case analysis: The perfect Thing (The iPod case)
http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/14.11/ipod.html)
Recommended Readings:
Davies, A. and Hobday, M. (2005) The Business of Projects, Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press (Ch 4: Systems integration and
competitive advantage). [eBook is available on-line from the Library].
Saynisch, M. (2010) Mastering Complexity and Changes in Projects,
Economy and Society via Project Management Second Order (PM-2),
Project Management Journal, 41(5): 4-20.
Prencipe, A., Davies, A. and Hobday, M. (2005) The Business of Systems
Integration, Oxford University Press (Chapter 16: Integrated solutions:
The changing business of system integration).
Sauser, B., Reily, R. & Shenkar, AS. (2009) Why projects fail? How
contingency theory can provide new insights A comparative analysis
of NASAs Mars Climate Orbiter loss, International Journal of Project
Management, 27(7), pp. 665-679.
Carlsen, A., Clegg, S. & Gjersvik, R. (2012) Idea Work Lessons of the
extraordinary in everyday creativity, Cappelen Damm, Norway
(Chapters 1 & 2).
Recommended Readings:
10
Fuda, P. and Badham, R. (2011) Fire, Snowball, Mask, Movie: How leaders
spark and sustain change, Harvard Business Review, November,
89(11): 145-148
Roberto, M. Bohmer, R. and Edmondson, A. (2006) Facing Ambiguous
Threats, Harvard Business Review, November.
Goodman P. & Rousseau D. (2004) Organizational change that produces
results: The Linkage approach, Academy of Management Executive,
18(3): 7-19
Strebel P. (1996) Why do employees resist change? Harvard Business
Review, May-June.
Appelbaum, S., Habashy, S., Malo, J-L. & Shafiq, H. (2012) Back to the
future: revisiting Kotters 1996 change model, Journal of Management
Development, 31(8), pp. 764-782.
De Meyer, A., Loch, C. and Pich, M. (2002) Managing Project Uncertainty:
From variation to chaos, MIT Sloan Management Review, 43(2): 60-67.
Loch, C., DeMeyer, C. and Pich, M. (2006) Managing the Unknown, New
Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
Matta, N. & Ashkenas, R. (2005) Why good projects fail anyway, Harvard
Business Review, September.
Weick, K. and Sutcliffe (2015) Managing the Unexpected, John Wiley & Sons,
Third Edition, (Chapters 3-7).
Stoelsnes, R. (2007) Managing unknowns in projects, Risk Management, vol.
9, p. 271-280.
Sirkin, H., Keenan, P. & Jackson, A. (2005) The hard side of change
management, Harvard Business Review, October.
Recommended Readings:
Pinto J. (2000) Understanding the role of politics in successful project
management, International Journal of Project management, 18: 85-91.
Marshal, N. (2006) Understanding power in project settings, In D. Hodgson
and S. Cicmil (Eds.) Making Projects Critical, Basingstoke: Palgrave.
pp. 207-231.
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Recommended Readings:
Rice, M., OConnor, G.C. and Pierantozi, R. (2008) Implementing a learning
plan to counter project uncertainty, MIT Sloan Management Review,
49(2): 54-62.
Fernie, S., Gren, S., Weller, S. And Newcombe, R. (2003) Knowledge Sharing:
context, confusion and controversy, International Journal of Project
Management, 21: 177-187.
Wenger E. & Snyder W. (2000) Communities of practice: The organizational
frontier, Harvard Business Review, January.
Owen, J., Burstein, F. and Mitchell, S. (2004) Knowledge Reuse and Transfer
in a Project Management Environment, Journal of Information
Technology Cases and Applications, 6(4): 21-35.
Davies, A. and Hobday, M. (2005) The Business of Projects, Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press (Ch 7: Learning in the project business).
Cicmil, S. (2005) Reflection, participation and learning in project
environments: a multiple perspective agenda, In Love, P., Fong, P. and
Irani, Z. (Eds.) Management of Knowledge in Project Environments,
Oxford: Elsevier Buterworth-Heinemann (p. 155-179).
Sengupta, K., Abdel-Hamid, T.K. and Van Wassenhove, L. (2008) The
Experience Trap, Harvard Business Review, February, p. 94-101.
Additional references
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Task description
Step 1: Student needs to define one case to develop your PfL. There are
two alternatives. Students can either select one case from cases (a)-(d)
(see below), or use your own experience and write a case related to
complex projects (Alternative 2). I advise students with little or no work
experience, to select cases (a) or (b). Note, because cases (a) and (b) are
simpler than cases (c) and (d), students who select cases (a) or (b) can
achieve a maximum mark of 70 % in A1 and A2.
Alternative 1:
a) The Concorde case,
b) The computerization of PAYE case,
c) The Deepwater case Part A (Chapters 1 & 3),
d) The Deepwater case Part B (Chapters 1 & 4),
Alternative 2: You must use your own work experience to develop a brief
account of a project with which you are familiar. You must select a
particular experience in which you were either directly or indirectly
involved. This case has to be suitable for analysis using some of the
theories/concepts presented in this course. What is important is that the
student has at least some insider information to be able to analyze PfL.
Names of people and companies must remain anonymous.
Step 2: You need to summarize your case. Students who selected cases
(a) and (b), need to present a 2-page summary. Students that selected
cases (c) and (d) as well as are using their own work experience (Alternative
2) to develop their case, must present a 4-page summary. Please attach
14
Step 3: (i) Select one or two (max.) of the 3 models presented in Theme
1 (8-features model, Cynefin or Diamond model); (ii) explain/justify, using
academic references and your PfL, why/how the selected model(s) will
help you to analyse your PfL. Note, you do not need to apply the selected
model in A1.
Step 4: You need to select one theory/concepts from themes 2-4 (see
above) that you think will help you to explain your PfL (Theme 1 will be
used in A2). Then, you need to develop a brief review of the literature. Here
you need to (i) explain and justify why the selected theories might help to
15
understand your PfL; (ii) outline the main arguments, challenges, tensions
as well as the strengths and weaknesses of theories/concepts selected.
Remember, this section is not a simple summary of some literatures. You
need to use academic references to develop this step.
Submission
procedures
A1 must be ASSESSMENT 2 Overall Critical Analysis of PfL
submitted
electronically via SafeAssign only. SafeAssign is Griffiths University
software matching text.
Electronic files must be saved in doc docx rtf or pdf formats
only.
Name your file in the following format: A1 [surname] [snumber].
Example: A1 Guzman s999999.
Electronic link for SafeAssign submission is available in the
Assessment tab of Learning@Griffith. Please note that in the
Assessment tab you will find two links:
(a) SafeAssign A1 Draft Submission . I will not mark this draft Submission;
(b) SafeAssign A1 Final Submission. You will be able to submit your Final
submission once only. I will mark this Final version only.
Task description
Weight: 60 %
Submission: Electronic submission via SafeAssign only
In the first component, Introduction, you must briefly describe your PfL,
explaining the main issues of you PfL; and describe what you will present in
the following sections. Please enclose a copy of your PfL in the Appendix.
Additional remarks
This assessment is not about simple application of models. It is
about explanations on how/why your PfL was a failure or a success.
The quality of your explanations is the most important aspect of this
assignment.
Your explanations need to be based on the combination of the (a)
review of the literature, (b) application of concepts and models for
managing complex projects and (c) the specific circumstances of your
PfL.
It is not necessary to provide recommendations regarding what
should be done in the project,
Failing to comply with format and/or submission procedures involves
an extra penalty of 10 % of marks.
Submission procedures
A2 must be submitted electronically via SafeAssign only. SafeAssign is
Griffiths University software matching text.
Electronic files must be saved in doc docx rtf or pdf formats
only.
Name your file in the following format: A2 [surname] [snumber].
Example: A2 Gomes s999999.
Electronic link for SafeAssign submission is available in the
Assessment tab of Learning@Griffith. Please note that in the
Assessment tab you will find two links:
(a) SafeAssign A2 Draft Submission . I will not mark this draft Submission;
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(b) SafeAssign A2 Final Submission. You will be able to submit your Final
submission once only. I will mark this Final version only.
Marking Criteria
For detailed marking criteria, see pages 17-18.
Detailed Marking Criteria
Criteria Excellent Very Good Good Satisfactory
Unsatisfactory
Use of supporting Wide and Very good range of Appropriate range Limited range of Very limited range of
literature multidisciplinary literature used; of literature used; literature used; Use literature used; Use of
Range and quality of range of literature Consistent use of Use of high quality of few high quality too many non-
literature used; Extent to used. Used of both very high quality academic academic academic references;
which literature is classic and academic references; Selected references; Selected Use of literature that is
directly linked to the contemporary references; Selected literature linked to literature linked to little related to the
core theme of report. academic references literature directly the report core the report core report core theme;
(weight 10 %) in the specific linked to the theme in significant theme in limited does not comply with
domain of the reports core theme. extent. extent. the instructed
report. Selected minimum number of
literature directly academic references.
linked to the
reports core theme.
Theoretical & High quality choice Good choice of Fair choice of Adequate choice of Poor choice of
Conceptual of concepts & concepts & theories; concepts & theories; concepts & theories; concepts & theories;
Understanding theories; Fine Superior Adequate Few explanations No or little
Appropriate choice of explanations and explanations and explanations and and justification of explanations and
concepts & theories; justification of justification of justification of relevant justification of relevant
Explanations & relevant relevant relevant concepts/theories concepts/theories used;
definitions of relevant concepts/theories concepts/theories concepts/theories used; Weak No definition of
concepts provided if used; Full definition used; Full definition used; Reasonable definition of relevant concepts
needed; Recognition of and criticism of of relevant concepts definition of relevant concepts provided if needed; No
strengths and weaknesses relevant concepts; provided if needed; relevant concepts provided if needed; recognition of
of theories/models used; In-depth Explanation of provided if needed; Minimum strengths and
Connections between explanations of strengths and Recognition of recognition of weaknesses of
competing strengths and weaknesses of strengths and strengths and theories/models used;
theories/concepts are weaknesses of theories/models weaknesses of weaknesses of Ignorance about
established. theories/models used; Well establish theories/models theories/models connections between
(Weight 30 %) used; Full connections used; Establish used; Ignorance competing
establishment of between competing connections about connections theories/concepts used.
connections theories/concepts between competing between competing
between competing used. theories/concepts theories/concepts
Criteria theories/concepts used. used.
used.
Very Good
Good Satisfactory Unsatisfactory
Excellent
Practical Application of Thorough Very good Fair explanations Limited Very weak
Concepts & Theories explanations explanations regarding how/why explanations explanations regarding
Development of critical regarding how/why regarding how/why concepts and regarding how/why how/why concepts and
explanations regarding concepts and concepts and theories help or do concepts and theories help or do not
how/why concepts and theories help or do theories help or do not help to explain theories help or do help to explain specific
theories help or do not not help to explain not help to explain specific situations; not help to explain situations; No
help to explain specific specific situations; specific situations; Recognition of the specific situations; recognition of the role
situations; Extent to Full and reflective Full recognition of role of embedded No recognition of of embedded
which student recognises recognition of the the role of assumptions in the the role of assumptions in the
the role of embedded role of embedded embedded concepts/model embedded concepts/model
assumptions in the assumptions in the assumptions in the applied; Some assumptions in the applied; Ignorance
concepts/model applied; concepts/model concepts/model managerial concepts/model about managerial and
Extent to which applied; applied; Most implications fully applied; Few theory implications.
managerial and theory Comprehensive managerial and explained. managerial
implications are raised discussion of theory implications implications
and discussed. managerial and explained. considered.
(weight 50 %) theory implications.
Presentation Skills Flawless written Written document Written document Written document Written document does
Report/essay structure is document, fully fully complies with complies with most barely complies not comply with
logic and clear; complying with all most formatting, formatting, with formatting, formatting, grammar,
Introduction section formatting, grammar, and word grammar, and word grammar, and word word limit
clearly describes aims, grammar, structure limit requirements. limit requirements. limit requirements; requirements. Writing
justification, methods and word limit Writing style and Writing style easy to Report structure style very difficult to
and key contextual requirements; structure are understand but with with some flaws. understand, repetitive,
issues. Writing style Writing style very adequately clear but minor repetition. Writing style a bit with few or none in-
facilitates readers direct, concise and with minor issues. References mostly difficult to text references and/or
understanding; clear. Logical Very well adequate but some understand and/or without demonstrating
Compliance with structure; Very well referenced. missing ones. Few poorly referenced. evidence. Incomplete
instructed formatting referenced. Very formatting mistakes references or with
style. (weight 10 %) clear introduction. but readable wrong format.
document.
Other Assessment Information
A ROADMAP TO SUCCESS
1
Preparation for and attend all Seminars
Read preparatory materials, the information will mean much more at
the lecture.
Ask questions and participate in lectures and group discussions.
Take notes, attend a library workshop to improve your note taking
skills.
Key dates
Have a copy of Griffith University Academic calendar
Write down key dates