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Epfeoo3Lab - Digital Communications Engr. Gilbert Detera Laboratory Instructor

This document summarizes a lab activity on pulse width modulation (PWM) performed by a student. The objectives were to understand PWM and recover a signal produced by PWM. The student followed a procedure using various materials and equipment, including an Emona TIMS301 model. The student observed changes in waveforms and took measurements as variables like input frequency, clock signal, and tunable LPF variation were adjusted. Analysis showed that PWM duty cycle varies with input DC voltage, with 50% duty cycle at 0V input and less than 50% duty cycle for positive voltages. In conclusion, PWM output pulse width varies directly with input voltage.

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Zen Organis
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76 views7 pages

Epfeoo3Lab - Digital Communications Engr. Gilbert Detera Laboratory Instructor

This document summarizes a lab activity on pulse width modulation (PWM) performed by a student. The objectives were to understand PWM and recover a signal produced by PWM. The student followed a procedure using various materials and equipment, including an Emona TIMS301 model. The student observed changes in waveforms and took measurements as variables like input frequency, clock signal, and tunable LPF variation were adjusted. Analysis showed that PWM duty cycle varies with input DC voltage, with 50% duty cycle at 0V input and less than 50% duty cycle for positive voltages. In conclusion, PWM output pulse width varies directly with input voltage.

Uploaded by

Zen Organis
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ateneo de Naga University

College of Engineering
Electronics and Computer Engineering Department
Summer
S/Y 2014 2015
EPFEOO3LAB - DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS Engr. GILBERT DETERA
LABORATORY INSTRUCTOR

Name: ORGANIS, ZENAIDA D. Date Performed: April 12, 2015


Section: GEN1
Lab Activity Title: PULSE WIDTH MODULATION
Laboratory Activity No. : 2

OBJECTIVES
To be able to understand the PWM
To be able to recover the signal that is produce by PWM

MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT


Emona TIMS301 Audio Oscillator
Digital Multimeter Adder
Connectors
Twin Pulse Generator
Utilities
Digital Oscilloscope

SAMPLING

Fig. 2: TIMS Model of PWM

PROCEDURE
1. Prepare the needed materials and read the activity.
2. Follow the TIMS Model shown in Fig 2.
3. Set the input frequency to 2 kHz from Master Signal and 8.3 kHz for clock signal.
4. Vary the variables that were set up. Observe the changes of the waveform and record
the data that will be collected.
Ateneo de Naga University
College of Engineering
Electronics and Computer Engineering Department
Summer
S/Y 2014 2015
Pulse Width Modulation (Diagram)
Note: The terminal of voltmeter was reversed.
Message Input Output waveform
DC(V
)
2kHz -2.5V

2kHz -1.265V
Ateneo de Naga University
College of Engineering
Electronics and Computer Engineering Department
Summer
S/Y 2014 2015
2kHz -
1.074

2kHz -
0.387V
Ateneo de Naga University
College of Engineering
Electronics and Computer Engineering Department
Summer
S/Y 2014 2015
2kHz +2.5
V

TUNABLE LPF VARIATION

Waveform

Max
Ateneo de Naga University
College of Engineering
Electronics and Computer Engineering Department
Summer
S/Y 2014 2015

Min

Table 3 Tune Variation

WIDTH IN TWIN PULSE VARIATION

Waveform

Max
Ateneo de Naga University
College of Engineering
Electronics and Computer Engineering Department
Summer
S/Y 2014 2015

Min

TABLE 4Width Variation

Using Audio Oscillator instead of Master Signal


Ateneo de Naga University
College of Engineering
Electronics and Computer Engineering Department
Summer
S/Y 2014 2015

ANALYSIS & CONCLUSION


In this activity, PWM, we used a frequency of 2 kHz message from master signal and varied the DC
voltage for the pulse width variation. In the data shown in this laboratory report, you will see the
differences with regards to every Pulse width of the waveform. In my observation, as we vary the
DC voltage, I noticed that when output voltage is at 0v, the output waveform is approximately 50%
duty cycle. When its at maximum or more than 0 volts, the duty cycle is less than 50%. When the
input is negative DC voltage, its greater than 50% PWM. Another is I also observed based on the
gathered data that to maintain the Pulse Width Modulation, the gain and the DC voltage must be
directly proportional with each other.
In conclusion, as the input voltage increases, the output pulses become narrower. While in negative
input, the pulse width modulation output pulses are wider than the pulse in case of zero input. In
demodulation process we simply add up a low pass filter to filter out the message to
recover the dc signal input.

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