Sheet18

BFV-BROWN (Elastic water column theory)

Pressure rise in the pipe adjacent to the gate α change in velocity of water @ gate

H - Ho = -a/g(V-Vo)
Δh = -(a/g)ΔV
L = conduit length = 5000 f
conduit diameter = 15 f
conduit area = 177 sq f
valve closure time = 10 secs
Initial conduit velocity v = 12 f/s
wave velocity a = 3000 f/s
Initial head Ho = 1000 f
initial discharge Q = 2124 cu f/s

Sub multiple of L/a = L/2a

= 0.833 sec
Δv (m/s) = -g Δh Δt
Δx
Δx = Length of conduit traversed by the water hammer wave in tim
= a Δt
= 3000 x 0.84 f
Δx = @ t = L/2a
= L/2
= 2500 f

Δh1 = (a/g) x Δv1

col 4 , Δv = Δh x 32.2 x 0.83 = 0.0107 Δh

Page 1
 Sheet18

2500

Δh = 93.20 Δv

Q = A (vo + Σ Δv)

Ho + Δh = Pressure existing @ the end of one cycle

Δv = velocity destroyed during each cycle

Q = (Qo Av / Avo) (Ho + Σ h)/Ho

(Av / Avo) = Area of gate opening

Area of penstock

Gate opening factor = Bo = Cd (Av / Avo) 2g

Vo = Bo x Ho

Cd = Coefficient of discharge of the turbine

Vo = Penstock velocity in m/sec @ gate opening Ao

Ho = head operating on the turbine

For uniform gate opening

B = (1-t/T) Bo ; where T is the time of closure & Bo is the initial gate

opening factor
Vo = B x Ho
Page 2
 Sheet18

col 4 , Δv
= Δh
0.0107

v = -aB2/(2g) +(B/2) (aB/g)2 +4(Ho+(avo/g)+2f)

= -5.99 + 96.65 X 0.18 = 11.34

-5.27 + 94.60 X 0.17 = 10.64
-4.54 + 92.33 X 0.16 = 9.87
-3.77 + 89.74 X 0.14 = 8.99
-2.89 + 86.43 X 0.12 = 7.87
-1.90 + 85.05 X 0.10 = 6.69
-1.28 + 81.94 X 0.08 = 5.52
-0.79 + 79.10 X 0.07 = 4.36
-0.43 + 76.63 X 0.05 = 3.26
-0.21 + 71.89 X 0.03 = 2.19
-0.06 + 69.12 X 0.02 = 1.14
0.00 + 65.72 x 0.00 = 0.04
0.00 + 64.87 x 0.00 = 0.00

Cd Av vs Time

Page 3
 Sheet18

1 2 3 4 5 6
TIME (SEC) INTERVAL(ΔtΔh @ value(m) Δv (m/s) v Q= Av

0.00 0 0 - 12.00 2124

0.83 0.833 62.00 -0.663 11.34 2007
1.67 0.833 65.00 -0.696 10.64 1883
2.50 0.833 72.00 -0.770 9.87 1747
3.33 0.833 82.00 -0.877 8.99 1592
4.17 0.833 105.00 -1.124 7.87 1393
5.00 0.833 110.00 -1.177 6.69 1185
5.83 0.833 110.00 -1.177 5.52 976
6.67 0.833 108.00 -1.156 4.36 772
7.50 0.833 103.00 -1.102 3.26 577
8.33 0.833 100.00 -1.070 2.19 387
9.17 0.833 98.00 -1.049 1.14 202
10.00 0.833 102.50 -1.097 0.04 0
11.67 1.667 Valve closure @ time t= 10 secs
13.33 1.667 - - - -
15.00 1.667 - - - -
16.67 1.667 - - - -
18.33 1.667 - - - -
20.00 1.667 - - - -
21.67 1.667 - - - -
23.33 1.667 - - - -

Page 4
 Sheet18

0 Vo
0.00 0.00

Vo 62.00
0.83 L/2a
Vo 65.00
1.67 L/a

Vo 72.00
2.50 3L/2a
82.00 Vo
3.33 2L/a
105.00 Vo
4.17 5L/2a
Vo 110.00
5.00 3L/a

Vo 110.00
5.83 7L/2a
Vo 108.00
6.67 4L/a

103.00 Vo
7.50 9L/2a
100.00 Vo
8.33 5L/a

Vo 98.00
9.17 11L/2a

Vo 102.50
10.00 6L/a

11.67 7L/a

Page 5
 Sheet18

umn theory)

n velocity of water @ gate @ the instant of gate movement

159.3
141.6 0.0496
123.9 0.0572 7.08
106.2 0.0667
88.5 0.0788
0.093

water hammer wave in time Δt

0.6652 0.6974
Page 6
 Sheet18

2006.5717 1883.46284

2006.5 1879.042

(H-Ho) vs Time

opening Ao

itial gate

Page 7
 Sheet18

vo/g)+2f) Q @ outlet vs Time

0.00
0.83
1.67
2.50
3.33
4.17
5.00
5.83
6.67
7.50
8.33
9.17
10.00

Total Head vs Time

Page 8
 Sheet18

7 9 10 11
2 Δh (m)TOTAL HEADVALVE(1-t/T) Q @ TOTAL HEAD-INITIAL HEADCd Av
(Ho+h) m OPENING OUTLET
- 1000 1.000 2124 0.0 7.907
- 1062 0.917 1896 62.0 8.097
- 1127 0.833 1666 127.0 8.262
- 1199 0.750 1435 199.0 8.364
- 1281 0.667 1201 281.0 8.234
-124 1262 0.583 913 262.0 7.644
-130 1242 0.500 660 242.0 7.320
-144 1208 0.417 447 208.0 6.892
-164 1152 0.333 276 152.0 6.373
-86 1169 0.250 156 169.0 5.878
-90 1179 0.167 70 179.0 4.577
-76 1201 0.083 18 201.0 0.345
-52 1252 0.000 0 251.5 0
-230 1021 0.000 0 21.5 0
-273 748 0.000 0 -251.5 0
230 979 0.000 0 -21.5 0
273 1252 0.000 0 251.5 0
-230 1021 0.000 0 21.5 0
-273 748 0.000 0 -251.5 0
230 979 0.000 0 -21.5 0
273 1252 0.000 0 251.5 0

Page 9
 Sheet18

0 VALVE TO CISTERN 1

62 VALVE TO CISTERN 2

1 ST CYCLE 127 VALVE TO CISTERN 3

199 CISTERN TO VALVE 4

281 CISTERN TO VALVE 5

262 VALVE TO CISTERN 6

242 VALVE TO CISTERN 7

2 ND CYCLE
208 VALVE TO CISTERN 8

152 CISTERN TO VALVE 9

169 CISTERN TO VALVE 10

179 VALVE TO CISTERN 11

3 RD HALF CYCLE
201 VALVE TO CISTERN 12

252 VALVE TO CISTERN 13

Page 10
Sheet18

Page 11
Sheet18

Page 12
 Sheet18

Bo B

0.358 0.358
0.367 0.336
0.375 0.312
0.379 0.284
0.373 0.249
0.347 0.202
0.332 0.166
0.312 0.130
0.289 0.096
0.267 0.067
0.207 0.035
0.016 0.001
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0

Page 13
 Sheet18

Vo 62.00
1.67
Vo 62.00 Vo 65.00
2.50 2.50
62.00 Vo 65.00 Vo 72.00
3.33 3.33
62.00 Vo 65.00 Vo 72.00
4.17 4.17
Vo 65.00 Vo
5.00
Vo

Page 14
 Sheet18

Vo
3.33
Vo 82.00 Vo
4.17 4.17
72.00 Vo 82.00
5.00 5.00
72.00 Vo 82.00
5.83 5.83
Vo 82.00
6.67

Page 15
 BFV-BROWN (Elastic water column theory)

Pressure rise in the pipe adjacent to the gate α change in velocity of water @ gate @ the instant of gate movement

H - Ho = -a/g(V-Vo)
Δh = -(a/g)ΔV
L = conduit length = 5000 f
conduit diameter = 15 f
conduit area = 177 sq f
valve closure time = 10 secs
Initial conduit velocity v = 12 f/s
wave velocity a = 3000 f/s 159.3
Initial head Ho = 1000 f 141.6 0.0496
initial discharge Q = 2120 cu f/s 123.9 0.0572 7.08
106.2 0.0667
Sub multiple of L/a = L/2a 88.5 0.0788
= sec 0.833 0.093
Δv (m/s) = -g Δh Δt
Δx
Δx = Length of conduit traversed by the water hammer wave in time Δt
= a Δt
= 3000 x 0.84 f
Δx = @ t = L/2a
= L/2
= 2500 f

Δh1 = (a/g) x Δv1

col 4 , Δv = Δh x 32.2 x 0.83 = 0.0107 Δh 0.6652005

2500

Δh = 93.20 Δv

Q = A (vo + Σ Δv) 2241.7405

Ho + Δh = Pressure existing @ the end of one cycle

Δv = velocity destroyed during each cycle

Q = (Qo Av / Avo) (Ho + Σ h)/Ho 2002.7

(Av / Avo) = Area of gate opening

Area of penstock

Gate opening factor = Bo = Cd (Av / Avo) 2g

Vo = Bo x Ho

Cd = Coefficient of discharge of the turbine (H-Ho) vs Time

Vo = Penstock velocity in m/sec @ gate opening Ao

400.0

Ho = head operating on the turbine 300.0

200.0
For uniform gate opening
100.0

B = (1-t/T) Bo ; where T is the time of closure & Bo is the initial gate 0.0

opening factor -100.0

Vo = B x Ho -200.0

-300.0
col 4 , Δv 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
= Δh
0.0107

v = -aB2/(2g) +(B/2) (aB/g)2 +4(Ho+(avo/g)+2f) Q @ outlet vs Time

= -5.99 + 96.65 X 0.18 = 11.34 0.00

2500
-5.27 + 94.60 X 0.17 = 10.64 0.83
-4.54 + 92.33 X 0.16 = 9.87 1.67
2000
-3.77 + 89.74 X 0.14 = 8.99 2.50
-2.89 + 86.43 X 0.12 = 7.87 3.33 1500
-1.90 + 85.05 X 0.10 = 6.69 4.17
-1.28 + 81.94 X 0.08 = 5.52 5.00 1000

-0.79 + 79.10 X 0.07 = 4.36 5.83

500
-0.43 + 76.63 X 0.05 = 3.26 6.67
-0.21 + 71.89 X 0.03 = 2.19 7.50 0
-0.06 + 69.12 X 0.02 = 1.14 8.33 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

0.00 + 65.72 x 0.00 = 0.04 9.17

0.00 + 64.87 x 0.00 = 0.00 10.00

Cd Av vs Time Total Head vs Time

1400
9.000

8.000 1200

7.000 1000
6.000
800
5.000

4.000 600

3.000 400
2.000
200
1.000
0
0.000 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11
TIME (SEC) INTERVAL(ΔtΔh @ value(m) Δv (m/s) v Q = A v 2 Δh (m)TOTAL HEADVALVE(1-t/T) Q @ TOTAL HEAD-INITIAL HEADCd Av Bo B
(Ho+h) m OPENING OUTLET
0.00 0 0 - 12.00 2124 - 1000 1.000 2124 0.0 7.907 0.358 0.358
0.83 0.833 62.00 -0.663 11.34 2007 - 1062 0.917 1896 62.0 8.097 0.367 0.336
 1.67 0.833 65.00 -0.696 10.64 1883 - 1127 0.833 1666 127.0 8.262 0.375 0.312
2.50 0.833 72.00 -0.770 9.87 1747 - 1199 0.750 1435 199.0 8.364 0.379 0.284
3.33 0.833 82.00 -0.877 8.99 1592 - 1281 0.667 1201 281.0 8.234 0.373 0.249
4.17 0.833 105.00 -1.124 7.87 1393 -124 1262 0.583 913 262.0 7.644 0.347 0.202
5.00 0.833 110.00 -1.177 6.69 1185 -130 1242 0.500 660 242.0 7.320 0.332 0.166
5.83 0.833 110.00 -1.177 5.52 976 -144 1208 0.417 447 208.0 6.892 0.312 0.130
6.67 0.833 108.00 -1.156 4.36 772 -164 1152 0.333 276 152.0 6.373 0.289 0.096
7.50 0.833 103.00 -1.102 3.26 577 -86 1169 0.250 156 169.0 5.878 0.267 0.067
8.33 0.833 100.00 -1.070 2.19 387 -90 1179 0.167 70 179.0 4.577 0.207 0.035
9.17 0.833 98.00 -1.049 1.14 202 -76 1201 0.083 18 201.0 0.345 0.016 0.001
10.00 0.833 102.50 -1.097 0.04 0 -52 1252 0.000 0 251.5 0 0 0
11.67 1.667 Valve closure @ time t= 10 secs -230 1021 0.000 0 21.5 0 0 0
13.33 1.667 - - - - -273 748 0.000 0 -251.5 0 0 0
15.00 1.667 - - - - 230 979 0.000 0 -21.5 0 0 0
16.67 1.667 - - - - 273 1252 0.000 0 251.5 0 0 0
18.33 1.667 - - - - -230 1021 0.000 0 21.5 0 0 0
20.00 1.667 - - - - -273 748 0.000 0 -251.5 0 0 0
21.67 1.667 - - - - 230 979 0.000 0 -21.5 0 0 0
23.33 1.667 - - - - 273 1252 0.000 0 251.5 0 0 0

0 Vo
0.00 0.00
0 VALVE TO CISTERN 1
Vo 62.00
0.83 L/2a
62 VALVE TO CISTERN 2
Vo 65.00 Vo 62.00
1.67 L/a
1 ST CYCLE 127 VALVE TO CISTERN 3 1.67
Vo 72.00 Vo 62.00 Vo 65.00
2.50 3L/2a
199 CISTERN TO VALVE 4 2.50 2.50
82.00 Vo 62.00 Vo 65.00 Vo 72.00 Vo
3.33 2L/a
281 CISTERN TO VALVE 5 3.33 3.33 3.33
105.00 Vo 62.00 Vo 65.00 Vo 72.00 Vo 82.00 Vo
4.17 5L/2a
262 VALVE TO CISTERN 6 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17
Vo 110.00 Vo 65.00 Vo 72.00 Vo 82.00
5.00 3L/a
242 VALVE TO CISTERN 7 5.00 5.00 5.00
Vo 110.00 2 ND CYCLE Vo 72.00 Vo 82.00
5.83 7L/2a
208 VALVE TO CISTERN 8 5.83 5.83
Vo 108.00 Vo 82.00
6.67 4L/a
152 CISTERN TO VALVE 9 6.67
103.00 Vo
7.50 9L/2a
169 CISTERN TO VALVE 10
100.00 Vo
8.33 5L/a
179 VALVE TO CISTERN 11
Vo 98.00 3 RD HALF CYCLE
9.17 11L/2a
201 VALVE TO CISTERN 12
Vo 102.50
10.00 6L/a
252 VALVE TO CISTERN 13
11.67 7L/a
INCLUDE CHANGE IN VOLUME OF WATER ALONG PIPE LENGTH
& FRICTIONAL LOSS OF PIPE
A change in pressure(w dH) causes the pipe shell to expand or contract

ΔR = wdH(R/2g)

2 ΔR dx1 = w dH dx1/(g G)
R

Change in volume of the original element of water,dx 1

in Length, because of the elasticity of water under the
action of a pressure change w dH

w ΠR2 dH dx1/K

Change in length of the original element of water,dx 1

w ΠR2 dH dx1/K w dH dx1/K

ΠR2

Total change in length of the element of water caused by a pressure change w dH,
when both compressibility of water & the deformation of the pipe are considered,
reduces to

(w/g) dH dx1(1/K + 1/G)

Since H is a function of x1 & t and dx1/dt = V

dH = (δH/δt)dt + (δH/δx1)dt

(δH/δt)+V(δH/δx1) dt

BD - CF = - (δV/δx1) dx1 dt

= (w/g) (1/K + 1/G) (δH/δt)+V(δH/δx1) dt dx 1

(δH/δt)+V(δH/δx1) = - (a2/g) (δV/δx1)

a = sqrt(1/[(w/g)(1/K + 1/G)])

Friction Head loss + Entrance loss

13.45 f = (1.5 vo2/2g + f'Lvo2/2g)

 w.s

H=500 f 1 2 3 4 Ho=486.6 f

Gate
D = 10 f
a = 3000 f per sec
v = 10.73 f per sec
p = 1.03

Losses concentrated @ several points along pipe : For closer approximations

wave reflection factor

D = 11.55 f
p = 0.25
a = 2000 f/sec
w.s L/a = 0.25

Ho =500 f
H=500 f L/a =2 sec L/a = 0.5 sec

Gate

D = 10 f D=5f
p = 0.50 p=2
a = 3000 f/sec a = 3000 f/sec
Vo = 5.367 f/sec Vo = 21.466 f/sec

F2 = F3 = s F1

s = (A1/a1 - A2/a2 - A3/a3)/(A1/a1 + A2/a2 +A3/a3)

= -0.85
A1/a1 = 0.007
A2/a2 = 0.052
A3/a3 = 0.026

Pipes in parellel

L1/a1 = 2 sec

L2/a2 = 3 sec
 L3/a3 = 4 sec

L1/P1 a1 = L2/P2 a2 = L3/P3 a3 = Dt

Dt = 2.5 secs

P1 = L / (a1 Dt)
= (2/2.5)
= 0.8
RECOMPUTE a1 = 2.5*(18217/0.8)
56928.13 m/sec

P2 = L / (a2 Dt)
= (3/2.5)
= 1.2
RECOMPUTE a2 = 2.5*(18217/1.2)
37952.08 m/sec

P3 = L / (a3 Dt)
= (4/2.5)
= 1.6
RECOMPUTE a3 = 2.5*(18217/1.6)
28464.06 m/sec
LENGTH
Ho =500 f

0.88
0.85
 BFV-PARMAKIAN (Elastic water column theory)

Time of closure T = 6 sec

velocity of wave a = 3000 f/sec
Discharge Qo = 843 cu f/sec
velocity Vo = 10.733 f/sec
Gate opening fact = Bo = Cd (Av / Avo) 2g
Length of penstock = 3000 f
L/a = 1 sec
Maximum transient pressure gradient due to gate closure

Maximum head rise @ mid length

143 f Maximum head rise @ the gate
water 272 f
surface

Ho = 500 f

B = (1-t/T) Bo ; where T is the time of closure & Bo is the initial gate

v = -aB2/(2g) +(B/2) (aB/g)2 +4(Ho+(avo/g)+2f)

0 = -10.75 + 89.46375 x 0.24
0.5 = -9.71 + 88.36506 x 0.23
1 = -8.71 + 87.30993 x 0.22
1.5 = -6.88 + 85.33676 x 0.19
2 = -5.27 + 83.55705 x 0.17
2.5 = -3.87 + 80.71512 x 0.14
3 = -2.69 + 77.94085 x 0.12 -2.69 +
3.5 =
4 = -0.97 + 68.71687 x 0.07
4.5 =
5 = -0.11 + 58.44958 x 0.02
5.5 =
6 = 0.00 + 71.45607 x 0.00
Δh = (a/g) x Δv = Δv x 93.17
 TABLE 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Time Cd Av B V F f Head Rise
sec f/sec (F+f)
0 4.70 0.480 10.738 0.0 0.0 0
1 4.23 0.432 10.167 53.3 0.0 53
2 3.29 0.336 8.782 182.3 0.0 182
3 2.35 0.240 6.674 325.4 -53.3 272
4 1.41 0.144 3.985 447.0 -182.3 265
5 0.47 0.048 1.297 554.2 -325.4 229
6 0 0 0 553.5 -447.0 107
7 0 0 0 446.2 -554.2 -108
8 0 0 0 447.0 -553.5 -107
8 0 0 0 554.2 -446.2 108
10 0 0 0 553.5 -447.0 107
11 0 0 0 446.2 -554.2 -108
12 0 0 0 447.0 -553.5 -107
13 0 0 0 554.2 -446.2 108
14 0 0 0 553.5 -447.0 107

TABLE 2
1 2 3 4
Time F f Head Rise
sec (F+f)
0 0.0 0.0 0
0.5 0.0 0.0 0
1.5 53.3 0.0 53
2.5 182.3 -53.3 129
3.5 325.4 -182.3 143
4.5 447.0 -325.4 122
5.5 554.2 -447.0 107
6.5 553.5 -554.2 -1
7.5 446.2 -553.5 -107
8.5 447.0 -446.2 1
9.5 554.2 -447.0 107
10.5 553.5 -554.2 -1
11.5 446.2 -553.5 -107
12.5 447.0 -446.2 1
13.5 554.2 -447.0 107
14.5 553.5 -554.2 -1
 TABLE 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Time Cd Av B V F f Head Rise
sec f/sec (F+f)
0 4.70 0.480 10.738 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 4.465 0.456 10.462 25.8 0.0 25.8
1 4.23 0.432 10.167 53.3 0.0 53.3
1.5 3.76 0.384 9.518 87.9 0.0 87.9
2 3.29 0.336 8.782 182.3 0.0 182.3
2.5 2.82 0.288 7.763 251.4 -25.8 225.6
3 2.35 0.240 6.841 309.8 -53.3 256.6
3.5 1.88 0.192 -87.9 -87.9
4 1.41 0.144 -182.3 -182.3
4.5 0.94 0.096
5 0.47 0.048
5.5 0.235 0.024
6 0 0.000
6.5
7
79.3379 x 0.12
 Cd Av vs Time

9.000

8.000

7.000

6.000

5.000

4.000

3.000

2.000

1.000

0.000
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00

800.0

600.0

400.0

200.0 Colum
nG
0.0 Colum
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8 10 11 12 13 14 nF
-200.0

-400.0

-600.0

-800.0
 0
L/2a
L/a
3L/2a
2L/a
5L/2a
3L/a
7L/2a
4L/a
9L/2a
 BFV-STROWGER (Elastic water column theory)

Time of closure T = 2.66 sec

velocity of wave a = 3005 f/sec
Discharge Qo = 600.015 cu f/sec
velocity Vo = 10.78 f/sec
Gate opening fact = Bo Cd (Av / Avo) 2g
Length of penstock = 1000 f
L/a = 0.33278 sec
Area of penstock = 55.66 sq f
Δh = (a/g) x Δv = 93.323 Δv

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Interval Time B Head v & Δv Δh ht
sec H f/sec
0 0.00 200.000

1 0.67

2 1.33

3 2.00

4 2.66
D = 32 in
e = 3/16 in
a = 2820 f/sec y = x tan (2ρ)
Vo = 5.81 f/sec (for 3 pumps)
Qo = 33.7 cu f/sec 0.231 0.1
A = 5.81 sq f 0.462 0.2
Ho=Hr = 220 f/sec 0.693 0.3
Pump Motor rating 0.924 0.4
= 400 hp for each pump & motor 1.155 0.5
WR2 of rotating parts 1.386 0.6
= 384.9 lb f 2
1.617 0.7
pump speed 1.848 0.8
= 1760 rpm = 29.33 rps 2.079 0.9
pump efficiency 2.31 1
= 84.7 % 2.541 1.1
ρ = 1.155 2.772 1.2
L/a = 1.397 sec 3.003 1.3
K1 = 0.224

tan-1(2ρ) = 66.59

Pressure rise in the pipe adjacent to the gate α change in velocity of water @ gate @ the instant of gate movement

H - Ho = - 2 x (aVo/2gHR)(V-Vo)
Δh = -2ρ ΔV
Δh = - (aVo/gHR)ΔV

Inertia Equation (α1 - α2) = K1 Δt (β1 + β2)

For a rotating system ,

Acceleration torque = Mass Moment of Inertia x angular acceleration

Deceleration torque on the rotating system = M = - I (dώ/dt)

M = - (WR2/g) (dώ/dt)
W = weight of rotating parts

For a small time interval Δt = (t2-t1)

M1 +M2 - (WR2/g) (ώ2 - ώ1 /Δt)

=
2
 (2ΠWR2) (N1-N2 )
=
60g Δt

α = N / NR (speed ratio)
β = M / MR (torque ratio)

α1 - α2 = 15 g MR (β1 + β2) Δt
ΠWR2NR

K1 = 91600 HR QR = 2421
WR2NR2 ηR

α1 - α2 = K1 (β1 + β2) Δt

α1 - α2 = 0.0782 (β1 + β2)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
TIME (SEC) FROM β = M / MR FROM α = N / NR (α1 - α2) FROM α = N / NR (α1 - α2)
GRAPH (Torque GRAPH (Speed (from EQUATION (Speed (from
N M H/HR V/VR H V Ratio) Ratio) graph) Ratio) Equation)
Ao 0.000 1760.00 384.90 1.000 1.000 220.00 5.810 β1 1.000 α1 1.000 0.000 α1 1.000 0.000
A(L/4a) 0.349 1518.88 382.98 0.720 0.880 158.40 5.113 β2 0.760 α2 0.863 0.137 α2 0.862 0.138
A(L/2a) 0.699 β3 0.610 α3 0.755 0.108 α3 0.756 0.106
A(3L/4a) 1.048
A(L/a) 1.397
A(5L/4a) 1.746
A(3L/2a) 2.096
A(7L/4a) 2.445
A(2L/a) 2.794
A(9L/4a) 3.143
Reflection & Transmission factor @ B:

Pipe S
Pipe RS Pipe SP
B

Pipe SP Vp1 = C1 - C2 Hp1

Pipe RS Vp2 = C3 + C4 Hp2
Pipe S Vp3 = C5 + C6 Hp3
Conservation of mass
A1 Vp1 = A2 Vp2 = A3 Vp3
work energy, neglecting local loss
Hp1 = Hp2 = Hp3

Hp1 = Hp2
Hp2 = Hp3

Solving this linear set of equations lead to

As a pressure head δH reaches the junction

δH1 passes through the junction(transmitted)

δH - δH1 is reflected @ thejunction
δH1 = A1/a1 - A2/a2 - A3/a3 δH
A1/a1 + A2/a2 + A3/a4

D = 11.55 f
p = 0.25
a = 2000 f/sec
w.s L/a = 0.25

Ho =500 f
H=500 f L/a =2 sec L/a = 0.5 sec

Gate

D = 10 f D=5f
p = 0.50 p=2
a = 3000 f/sec a = 3000 f/sec
Vo = 5.367 f/sec Vo = 21.466 f/sec

A1/a1 = 0.007
A2/a2 = 0.052
A3/a3 = 0.026

δH1 = -0.85 δH
δH2 = 0.15 δH

0.153797 0.846203
1.231015 -0.231015
0.615188 0.384812

δH2 = 2 A1/a1 δH
A1/a1 + A2/a2 + A3/a4
Ho =500 f
 INSTATANEOUS TOTAL CLOSURE

Input :

A1 = Area of tunnel between surge pool & pump = - sq m

A3 = Area of surge tank = 800 sq m

A2 = Area of tunnel between reservoar & surge pool = 40.64 sq m

Qt = Tunnel Discharge = 79.20 Cumecs

V1 = Tunnel velocity = 1.95 m/s

hf = Head Loss in the Tunnel = 6.35 m

hf = β * V12

(β) = Co-efficient = hf/ V12 = 6.35 1.95 ^2

= 1.670

w = Unit weight of water = 10 kN/cu m

Ew Bulk modulus of elasticity of water = 2030121 kN/sq m

a = Sqrt((g/w)/(1/Ew)) = -

a1 = (between surge pool & valve) = -

= - m/s
a2 = (between reservoar & surge pool) = -
= - m/s
a3 = (for surge pool) = -
= m/s

L1 = Length of pipe between surge pool & valve = - m

L2 = Length of pipe between reservoar & surge pool = - m

L3 = Height of surge pool = - m

L1/a1 = Time taken to traverce from surge pool & valve = - sec
 L2/a2 = Time taken to traverce from reservoar & surge pool = - sec

L3/a3 = Time taken to traverce surge pool = - sec

T = Time of closure = 60 sec

Gate opening factor = Bo = Cd (Av / Avo) 2g

B = (1-t/T) Bo ; where T is the time of closure & Bo is the initial gate opening factor

As a pressure head δH reaches the junction δH2 passes through the junction(transmitted)
δH1 is reflected @ thejunction

A1/a1 = -

A2/a2 = -

A3/a3 = -

T- Junction

Reflection factor

δH1 = A1/a1 - A2/a2 - A3/a3 δH

A1/a1 + A2/a2 + A3/a3

= δH

Transmission factor

δH2 = 2 A1/a1 δH
A1/a1 + A2/a2 + A3/a4

Maximum head rise @ the gate

= δH

Hydro-static equilibrium Level Ho = 500 f

Maximum head drop @ the gate

Initial hydro-dynamical equilibrium Level

DATUM
 Δy = (Qm/A2) -(A3/A2) (vi) Δt

Partial slow closure

Qm = Qo - ΔQ/2
Total slow closure

partial slow opening Qm = Qi + ΔQ/2

Total slow opening Qm = 0 + ΔQ/2

ΔQ denotes the variation in discharge during a time increment Δt corresponding to time of closure
or opening

Partial slow closure

ΔQ = (Qo-Q1)Δt/Tc
partial slow opening

Total slow closure

ΔQ = QoΔt/Tc
Total slow opening

where Tc is the total time of gate closure = 60 secs

v = -aB2/(2g) + (B/2) (aB/g)2 +4(Ho+(avo/g)+2f)

Cd Av vs Time
0 = 0.00 + x 0.00 44.72135955

1 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0
5.00
2 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0 4.50
4.00
3 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0 3.50
3.00
4 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0 2.50
2.00
5 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0 1.50
1.00
6 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0 0.50
0.00
Δh = (a/g) x Δv = Δv 0.1284 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
 SURGE ANALYSIS - RESERVOAR TO SURGE POOL WATER HAMMER ANALYSIS - SURGE POOL TO VALVE
t vi Δy yi y i+1 β * vi2 Δv W.L(Surgpool) Time Cd A v B V F f Head Rise
(secs) (m/sec) (m) (m) (g/l) Δt(y i+1 - β * vi2) (secs) f/sec (F+f)
0 1.9500 0.0000 6.350 6.350 6.350 0.000 490.654 0.000 0 4.70
5 1.9500 -0.4953 6.350 5.855 6.350 -0.001 491.149 L/a 5 4.23
10 1.9487 -0.4950 5.855 5.360 6.341 -0.003 491.644 2L/a 10 3.29
15 1.9460 -0.4943 5.360 4.865 6.324 -0.004 492.139 3L/a 15 2.35
20 1.9420 -0.4933 4.865 4.372 6.298 -0.005 492.632 4L/a 20 1.41
25 1.9368 -0.4919 4.372 3.880 6.264 -0.006 493.124 5L/a 25 0.47
30 1.9303 -0.4903 3.880 3.390 6.222 -0.008 493.614 6L/a 30 0
35 1.9226 -0.4883 3.390 2.902 6.173 -0.009 494.102 7L/a 35 0
40 1.9137 -0.4861 2.902 2.416 6.116 -0.010 494.588 8L/a 40 0
45 1.9036 -0.4835 2.416 1.932 6.051 -0.011 495.072 9L/a 45 0
50 1.8924 -0.4807 1.932 1.451 5.980 -0.012 495.553 10L/a 50 0
55 1.8800 -0.4775 1.451 0.974 5.903 -0.013 496.030 5L/a 55 -0.156667
60 1.8666 -0.4741 0.974 0.500 5.819 -0.014 496.504 5L/a 60 -0.22381
65 1.8521 -0.4704 0.500 0.029 5.729 -0.016 496.975
70 1.8366 -0.4665 0.029 -0.437 5.633 -0.017 497.441
75 1.8201 -0.4623 -0.437 -0.900 5.532 -0.018 497.904
80 1.8026 -0.4579 -0.900 -1.357 5.426 -0.018 498.361
85 1.7841 -0.4532 -1.357 -1.811 5.316 -0.019 498.815
90 1.7647 -0.4482 -1.811 -2.259 5.201 -0.020 499.263
95 1.7444 -0.4431 -2.259 -2.702 5.082 -0.021 499.706
100 1.7232 -0.4377 -2.702 -3.140 4.959 -0.022 500.144
105 1.7012 -0.4321 -3.140 -3.572 4.833 -0.023 500.576
110 1.6783 -0.4263 -3.572 -3.998 4.704 -0.024 501.002
115 1.6546 -0.4203 -3.998 -4.418 4.572 -0.024 501.422
120 1.6301 -0.4141 -4.418 -4.832 4.438 -0.025 501.836
125 1.6049 -0.4076 -4.832 -5.240 4.301 -0.026 502.244
130 1.5789 -0.4010 -5.240 -5.641 4.163 -0.027 502.645
135 1.5522 -0.3943 -5.641 -6.035 4.024 -0.027 503.039
140 1.5248 -0.3873 -6.035 -6.423 3.883 -0.028 503.427
145 1.4968 -0.3802 -6.423 -6.803 3.741 -0.029 503.807
150 1.4681 -0.3729 -6.803 -7.176 3.599 -0.029 504.180
155 1.4388 -0.3654 -7.176 -7.541 3.457 -0.030 504.545
160 1.4088 -0.3578 -7.541 -7.899 3.314 -0.031 504.903
165 1.3783 -0.3501 -7.899 -8.249 3.172 -0.031 505.253
170 1.3472 -0.3422 -8.249 -8.591 3.031 -0.032 505.595
175 1.3155 -0.3341 -8.591 -8.925 2.890 -0.032 505.929
180 1.2834 -0.3260 -8.925 -9.251 2.751 -0.033 506.255
185 1.2507 -0.3177 -9.251 -9.569 2.612 -0.033 506.573
190 1.2175 -0.3093 -9.569 -9.878 2.476 -0.034 506.882
195 1.1839 -0.3007 -9.878 -10.179 2.341 -0.034 507.183
200 1.1498 -0.2921 -10.179 -10.471 2.208 -0.035 507.475
205 1.1153 -0.2833 -10.471 -10.754 2.077 -0.035 507.758
210 1.0804 -0.2744 -10.754 -11.029 1.949 -0.035 508.033
215 1.0450 -0.2654 -11.029 -11.294 1.824 -0.036 508.298
220 1.0093 -0.2564 -11.294 -11.551 1.701 -0.036 508.555
225 0.9733 -0.2472 -11.551 -11.798 1.582 -0.036 508.802
230 0.9368 -0.2380 -11.798 -12.036 1.466 -0.037 509.040
235 0.9001 -0.2286 -12.036 -12.264 1.353 -0.037 509.268
240 0.8630 -0.2192 -12.264 -12.484 1.244 -0.037 509.488
245 0.8256 -0.2097 -12.484 -12.693 1.138 -0.038 509.697
250 0.7880 -0.2001 -12.693 -12.893 1.037 -0.038 509.897
255 0.7501 -0.1905 -12.893 -13.084 0.939 -0.038 510.088
260 0.7119 -0.1808 -13.084 -13.265 0.846 -0.038 510.269
265 0.6735 -0.1711 -13.265 -13.436 0.757 -0.039 510.440
270 0.6348 -0.1612 -13.436 -13.597 0.673 -0.039 510.601
275 0.5960 -0.1514 -13.597 -13.748 0.593 -0.039 510.752
280 0.5569 -0.1415 -13.748 -13.890 0.518 -0.039 510.894
285 0.5177 -0.1315 -13.890 -14.021 0.448 -0.039 511.025
290 0.4783 -0.1215 -14.021 -14.143 0.382 -0.040 511.147
295 0.4388 -0.1114 -14.143 -14.254 0.321 -0.040 511.258
300 0.3991 -0.1014 -14.254 -14.356 0.266 -0.040 511.360
305 0.3593 -0.0913 -14.356 -14.447 0.216 -0.040 511.451
310 0.3194 -0.0811 -14.447 -14.528 0.170 -0.040 511.532
315 0.2793 -0.0710 -14.528 -14.599 0.130 -0.040 511.603
320 0.2392 -0.0608 -14.599 -14.660 0.096 -0.040 511.664
325 0.1991 -0.0506 -14.660 -14.710 0.066 -0.040 511.714
330 0.1589 -0.0403 -14.710 -14.751 0.042 -0.040 511.755
335 0.1186 -0.0301 -14.751 -14.781 0.023 -0.040 511.785
340 0.0783 -0.0199 -14.781 -14.801 0.010 -0.040 511.805
345 0.0380 -0.0096 -14.801 -14.810 0.002 -0.040 511.814
350 -0.0024 0.0006 -14.810 -14.810 0.000 -0.040 511.814
355 -0.0427 0.0108 -14.810 -14.799 0.003 -0.040 511.803
360 -0.0830 0.0211 -14.799 -14.778 0.012 -0.040 511.782
365 -0.1233 0.0313 -14.778 -14.746 0.025 -0.040 511.750
370 -0.1635 0.0415 -14.746 -14.705 0.045 -0.040 511.709
375 -0.2036 0.0517 -14.705 -14.653 0.069 -0.040 511.657
380 -0.2437 0.0619 -14.653 -14.591 0.099 -0.040 511.595
385 -0.2837 0.0721 -14.591 -14.519 0.134 -0.040 511.523
390 -0.3236 0.0822 -14.519 -14.437 0.175 -0.040 511.441
395 -0.3634 0.0923 -14.437 -14.345 0.220 -0.040 511.349
400 -0.4030 0.1024 -14.345 -14.242 0.271 -0.040 511.246
405 -0.4425 0.1124 -14.242 -14.130 0.327 -0.039 511.134
410 -0.4819 0.1224 -14.130 -14.008 0.388 -0.039 511.012
415 -0.5211 0.1324 -14.008 -13.875 0.453 -0.039 510.879
420 -0.5601 0.1423 -13.875 -13.733 0.524 -0.039 510.737
425 -0.5989 0.1521 -13.733 -13.581 0.599 -0.039 510.585
430 -0.6375 0.1619 -13.581 -13.419 0.679 -0.038 510.423
435 -0.6759 0.1717 -13.419 -13.247 0.763 -0.038 510.251
440 -0.7140 0.1814 -13.247 -13.066 0.851 -0.038 510.070
445 -0.7519 0.1910 -13.066 -12.875 0.944 -0.038 509.879
450 -0.7895 0.2005 -12.875 -12.674 1.041 -0.037 509.678
455 -0.8269 0.2100 -12.674 -12.464 1.142 -0.037 509.468
460 -0.8639 0.2194 -12.464 -12.245 1.246 -0.037 509.249
465 -0.9007 0.2288 -12.245 -12.016 1.355 -0.036 509.020
470 -0.9371 0.2380 -12.016 -11.778 1.466 -0.036 508.782
475 -0.9731 0.2472 -11.778 -11.531 1.581 -0.036 508.535
480 -1.0088 0.2562 -11.531 -11.275 1.699 -0.035 508.279
485 -1.0441 0.2652 -11.275 -11.010 1.821 -0.035 508.014
490 -1.0791 0.2741 -11.010 -10.735 1.944 -0.035 507.739
495 -1.1136 0.2828 -10.735 -10.453 2.071 -0.034 507.457
500 -1.1477 0.2915 -10.453 -10.161 2.200 -0.034 507.165
505 -1.1813 0.3001 -10.161 -9.861 2.330 -0.033 506.865
510 -1.2145 0.3085 -9.861 -9.553 2.463 -0.033 506.557
515 -1.2472 0.3168 -9.553 -9.236 2.598 -0.032 506.240
520 -1.2794 0.3250 -9.236 -8.911 2.734 -0.032 505.915
525 -1.3111 0.3330 -8.911 -8.578 2.871 -0.031 505.582
530 -1.3423 0.3409 -8.578 -8.237 3.009 -0.031 505.241
535 -1.3729 0.3487 -8.237 -7.888 3.148 -0.030 504.892
540 -1.4030 0.3564 -7.888 -7.532 3.287 -0.029 504.536
545 -1.4324 0.3638 -7.532 -7.168 3.426 -0.029 504.172
550 -1.4613 0.3712 -7.168 -6.797 3.566 -0.028 503.801
555 -1.4895 0.3783 -6.797 -6.418 3.705 -0.028 503.422
560 -1.5170 0.3853 -6.418 -6.033 3.843 -0.027 503.037
565 -1.5439 0.3922 -6.033 -5.641 3.981 -0.026 502.645
570 -1.5701 0.3988 -5.641 -5.242 4.117 -0.025 502.246
575 -1.5956 0.4053 -5.242 -4.837 4.252 -0.025 501.841
580 -1.6203 0.4116 -4.837 -4.425 4.384 -0.024 501.429
585 -1.6443 0.4177 -4.425 -4.008 4.515 -0.023 501.012
590 -1.6675 0.4236 -4.008 -3.584 4.644 -0.022 500.588
595 -1.6899 0.4292 -3.584 -3.155 4.769 -0.022 500.159
600 -1.7115 0.4347 -3.155 -2.720 4.892 -0.021 499.724
605 -1.7322 0.4400 -2.720 -2.280 5.011 -0.020 499.284
610 -1.7521 0.4450 -2.280 -1.835 5.126 -0.019 498.839
615 -1.7710 0.4498 -1.835 -1.385 5.238 -0.018 498.389
620 -1.7891 0.4544 -1.385 -0.931 5.345 -0.017 497.935
625 -1.8061 0.4588 -0.931 -0.472 5.448 -0.016 497.476
630 -1.8223 0.4629 -0.472 -0.009 5.545 -0.015 497.013
635 -1.8374 0.4667 -0.009 0.458 5.638 -0.014 496.546
640 -1.8515 0.4703 0.458 0.928 5.725 -0.013 496.076
645 -1.8645 0.4736 0.928 1.401 5.806 -0.012 495.603
650 -1.8765 0.4766 1.401 1.878 5.880 -0.011 495.126
655 -1.8874 0.4794 1.878 2.357 5.949 -0.010 494.647
660 -1.8972 0.4819 2.357 2.839 6.011 -0.009 494.165
665 -1.9058 0.4841 2.839 3.323 6.066 -0.007 493.681
670 -1.9133 0.4860 3.323 3.809 6.113 -0.006 493.195
675 -1.9196 0.4876 3.809 4.297 6.153 -0.005 492.707
680 -1.9246 0.4889 4.297 4.786 6.186 -0.004 492.218
685 -1.9284 0.4898 4.786 5.276 6.210 -0.003 491.728
690 -1.9310 0.4905 5.276 5.766 6.227 -0.001 491.238
695 -1.9322 0.4908 5.766 6.257 6.235 0.000 490.747
700 -1.9322 0.4908 6.257 6.748 6.234 0.001 490.256
705 -1.9308 0.4904 6.748 7.238 6.225 0.003 489.766
710 -1.9280 0.4897 7.238 7.728 6.208 0.004 489.276
715 -1.9239 0.4887 7.728 8.216 6.181 0.006 488.788
720 -1.9183 0.4873 8.216 8.704 6.145 0.007 488.300
725 -1.9114 0.4855 8.704 9.189 6.101 0.008 487.815
730 -1.9030 0.4834 9.189 9.673 6.047 0.010 487.331
735 -1.8931 0.4808 9.673 10.153 5.985 0.011 486.851
740 -1.8818 0.4780 10.153 10.631 5.913 0.013 486.373
745 -1.8689 0.4747 10.631 11.106 5.833 0.014 485.898
750 -1.8546 0.4711 11.106 11.577 5.744 0.016 485.427
755 -1.8387 0.4670 11.577 12.044 5.646 0.017 484.960
760 -1.8213 0.4626 12.044 12.507 5.539 0.019 484.497
765 -1.8023 0.4578 12.507 12.965 5.424 0.021 484.039
770 -1.7818 0.4526 12.965 13.417 5.302 0.022 483.587
775 -1.7597 0.4470 13.417 13.864 5.171 0.024 483.140
780 -1.7360 0.4409 13.864 14.305 5.033 0.025 482.699
785 -1.7108 0.4345 14.305 14.740 4.887 0.027 482.264
790 -1.6839 0.4277 14.740 15.167 4.735 0.028 481.837
795 -1.6555 0.4205 15.167 15.588 4.577 0.030 481.416
800 -1.6256 0.4129 15.588 16.001 4.413 0.032 481.003
805 -1.5940 0.4049 16.001 16.406 4.243 0.033 480.598
810 -1.5609 0.3965 16.406 16.802 4.069 0.035 480.202
815 -1.5262 0.3877 16.802 17.190 3.890 0.036 479.814
820 -1.4900 0.3785 17.190 17.568 3.708 0.038 479.436
825 -1.4523 0.3689 17.568 17.937 3.522 0.039 479.067
830 -1.4130 0.3589 17.937 18.296 3.334 0.041 478.708 143.78
835 -1.3723 0.3486 18.296 18.644 3.145 0.042 478.360 143.78
840 -1.3301 0.3378 18.644 18.982 2.955 0.044 478.022
845 -1.2865 0.3268 18.982 19.309 2.764 0.045 477.695
850 -1.2414 0.3153 19.309 19.624 2.574 0.046 477.380
855 -1.1950 0.3035 19.624 19.928 2.385 0.048 477.076
860 -1.1473 0.2914 19.928 20.219 2.198 0.049 476.785
865 -1.0982 0.2789 20.219 20.498 2.014 0.050 476.506
870 -1.0479 0.2662 20.498 20.764 1.834 0.052 476.240
875 -0.9963 0.2531 20.764 21.018 1.658 0.053 475.986
880 -0.9436 0.2397 21.018 21.257 1.487 0.054 475.747
885 -0.8898 0.2260 21.257 21.483 1.322 0.055 475.521
890 -0.8349 0.2121 21.483 21.695 1.164 0.056 475.309
895 -0.7790 0.1979 21.695 21.893 1.013 0.057 475.111
900 -0.7222 0.1834 21.893 22.077 0.871 0.058 474.927
905 -0.6645 0.1688 22.077 22.245 0.737 0.059 474.759
910 -0.6059 0.1539 22.245 22.399 0.613 0.059 474.605
915 -0.5466 0.1388 22.399 22.538 0.499 0.060 474.466
920 -0.4866 0.1236 22.538 22.662 0.395 0.061 474.342
925 -0.4260 0.1082 22.662 22.770 0.303 0.061 474.234
930 -0.3648 0.0927 22.770 22.863 0.222 0.062 474.141
935 -0.3032 0.0770 22.863 22.940 0.153 0.062 474.064
940 -0.2411 0.0612 22.940 23.001 0.097 0.062 474.003
945 -0.1788 0.0454 23.001 23.046 0.053 0.063 473.958
950 -0.1162 0.0295 23.046 23.076 0.023 0.063 473.928
955 -0.0534 0.0136 23.076 23.089 0.005 0.063 473.915
960 0.0094 -0.0024 23.089 23.087 0.000 0.063 473.917
965 0.0723 -0.0184 23.087 23.069 0.009 0.063 473.935
970 0.1351 -0.0343 23.069 23.034 0.030 0.063 473.970
975 0.1977 -0.0502 23.034 22.984 0.065 0.062 474.020
980 0.2601 -0.0661 22.984 22.918 0.113 0.062 474.086
985 0.3222 -0.0818 22.918 22.836 0.173 0.062 474.168
990 0.3839 -0.0975 22.836 22.739 0.246 0.061 474.265
995 0.4451 -0.1131 22.739 22.626 0.331 0.061 474.378
1000 0.5058 -0.1285 22.626 22.497 0.427 0.060 474.507
1005 0.5659 -0.1437 22.497 22.353 0.535 0.059 474.651
1010 0.6253 -0.1588 22.353 22.195 0.653 0.059 474.809
1015 0.6839 -0.1737 22.195 22.021 0.781 0.058 474.983
1020 0.7417 -0.1884 22.021 21.832 0.919 0.057 475.172
1025 0.7987 -0.2029 21.832 21.630 1.065 0.056 475.374
1030 0.8547 -0.2171 21.630 21.413 1.220 0.055 475.591
1035 0.9096 -0.2310 21.413 21.181 1.382 0.054 475.823
1040 0.9635 -0.2447 21.181 20.937 1.550 0.053 476.067
1045 1.0163 -0.2581 20.937 20.679 1.725 0.052 476.325
1050 1.0679 -0.2713 20.679 20.407 1.904 0.050 476.597
1055 1.1183 -0.2840 20.407 20.123 2.088 0.049 476.881
1060 1.1674 -0.2965 20.123 19.827 2.276 0.048 477.177
1065 1.2152 -0.3087 19.827 19.518 2.466 0.046 477.486
1070 1.2616 -0.3204 19.518 19.198 2.658 0.045 477.806
1075 1.3066 -0.3319 19.198 18.866 2.851 0.044 478.138
1080 1.3502 -0.3430 18.866 18.523 3.044 0.042 478.481
1085 1.3924 -0.3537 18.523 18.169 3.237 0.041 478.835
1090 1.4330 -0.3640 18.169 17.805 3.429 0.039 479.199
1095 1.4721 -0.3739 17.805 17.431 3.619 0.038 479.573
1100 1.5097 -0.3835 17.431 17.048 3.806 0.036 479.956
1105 1.5458 -0.3926 17.048 16.655 3.990 0.034 480.349
1110 1.5803 -0.4014 16.655 16.254 4.170 0.033 480.750
1115 1.6132 -0.4097 16.254 15.844 4.346 0.031 481.160
1120 1.6445 -0.4177 15.844 15.426 4.516 0.030 481.578
1125 1.6742 -0.4252 15.426 15.001 4.681 0.028 482.003
1130 1.7023 -0.4324 15.001 14.569 4.839 0.026 482.435
1135 1.7288 -0.4391 14.569 14.130 4.991 0.025 482.874
1140 1.7536 -0.4454 14.130 13.684 5.136 0.023 483.320
1145 1.7769 -0.4513 13.684 13.233 5.273 0.022 483.771
1150 1.7986 -0.4568 13.233 12.776 5.402 0.020 484.228
1155 1.8187 -0.4619 12.776 12.314 5.523 0.018 484.690
1160 1.8371 -0.4666 12.314 11.847 5.636 0.017 485.157
1165 1.8541 -0.4709 11.847 11.376 5.741 0.015 485.628
1170 1.8694 -0.4748 11.376 10.902 5.836 0.014 486.102
1175 1.8832 -0.4783 10.902 10.423 5.922 0.012 486.581
1180 1.8954 -0.4814 10.423 9.942 6.000 0.011 487.062 535.000
1185 1.9062 -0.4842 9.942 9.458 6.068 0.009 487.546 490.417
1190 1.9154 -0.4865 9.458 8.971 6.127 0.008 488.033 445.833
1195 1.9231 -0.4885 8.971 8.483 6.176 0.006 488.521 401.250
1200 1.9294 -0.4901 8.483 7.993 6.217 0.005 489.011 356.667
1205 1.9343 -0.4913 7.993 7.501 6.248 0.003 489.503 312.083
1210 1.9377 -0.4922 7.501 7.009 6.270 0.002 489.995 267.500
1215 1.9397 -0.4927 7.009 6.517 6.283 0.001 490.487 222.917
1220 1.9403 -0.4928 6.517 6.024 6.287 -0.001 490.980 178.333
1225 1.9396 -0.4927 6.024 5.531 6.282 -0.002 491.473 133.750
1230 1.9376 -0.4921 5.531 5.039 6.269 -0.003 491.965 89.167 -2.81
1235 1.9342 -0.4913 5.039 4.548 6.248 -0.005 492.456 44.583
1240 1.9296 -0.4901 4.548 4.057 6.218 -0.006 492.947 0.000
1245 1.9237 -0.4886 4.057 3.569 6.180 -0.007 493.435 -44.583
1250 1.9166 -0.4868 3.569 3.082 6.134 -0.008 493.922 -89.167
1255 1.9083 -0.4847 3.082 2.597 6.081 -0.009 494.407 -133.750
1260 1.8988 -0.4823 2.597 2.115 6.021 -0.011 494.889 -178.333
1265 1.8882 -0.4796 2.115 1.635 5.954 -0.012 495.369 -222.917 310
1270 1.8764 -0.4766 1.635 1.159 5.880 -0.013 495.845 -267.500
1275 1.8636 -0.4733 1.159 0.685 5.799 -0.014 496.319 -312.083
 INSTATANEOUS TOTAL CLOSURE

Input :

A1 = Area of tunnel between surge pool & pump

A3 = Area of surge tank

A2 = Area of tunnel between reservoar & surge pool

Qt = Tunnel Discharge

V1 = Tunnel velocity

hf = Head Loss in the Tunnel

h f = β * V 12

(β) = Co-efficient = hf/ V12

w = Unit weight of water

Ew Bulk modulus of elasticity of water

a = Sqrt((g/w)/(1/Ew))

a1 = (between surge pool & valve)

a2 = (between reservoar & surge pool)

a3 = (for surge pool)

 L1 = Length of pipe between surge pool & valve

L2 = Length of pipe between reservoar & surge pool

L3 = Height of surge pool

L1/a1 = Time taken to traverce from surge pool & valve

L2/a2 = Time taken to traverce from reservoar & surge po

L3/a3 = Time taken to traverce surge pool

T = Time of closure

Gate opening factor = Bo = Cd (Av / Avo) 2g

B = (1-t/T) Bo ; where T is the time of closure & Bo is the initial gate opening factor

As a pressure head δH reaches the junction δH2 passes through the junction(tran
δH1 is reflected @ thejunction

A1/a1 =

A2/a2 =

A3/a3 =

T- Junction
 Reflection factor

δH1 = A1/a1 - A2/a2 - A3/a3 δH

A1/a1 + A2/a2 + A3/a3

= δH

Transmission factor

δH2 = 2 A1/a1 δH
A1/a1 + A2/a2 + A3/a4

= δH

Δy = Qt A1
Vi Δ t
A3 A3
 v = -aB2/(2g) +(B/2)
(aB/g)2 +4(Ho+(avo/g)+2f)

0 = 0.00 + 44.72135955 x 0.00

1 = 0.00 + 44.72135955 x 0.00

2 = 0.00 + 44.72135955 x 0.00

3 = 0.00 + 44.72135955 x 0.00

4 = 0.00 + 44.72135955 x 0.00

5 = 0.00 + 44.72135955 x 0.00

6 = 0.00 + 44.72135955 x 0.00

Δh = (a/g) x Δv = Δv x 0.00

SURGE ANALYSIS - RESERVOAR TO SURGE POOL

t vi Δy yi Δv W.L(Surgpool)
(secs) (m/sec) (m) (m) (g/l) Δt(y i+1 - β * vi2)
RE

= 41.64 sq m

= 1640 sq m

= 40.64 sq m

= 79.20 Cumecs

= m/s

= 7.70 m

= 7.70 1.95 ^2

= 2.025

= 10 kN/cu m

= 2030120.69 kN/sq m

=
= m/s
=
= m/s
=
= m/s
 = m

= m

= m

= sec

= sec

= sec

= 6 sec

al gate opening factor

sses through the junction(transmitted)

reflected @ thejunction
 WATER HAMMER ANALYSIS - SURGE POOL TO PUMP
Time C d Av B V F f Head Rise
(secs) (m/sec) (m) (m) (F+f)
0 4.70
1 4.23
2 3.29
3 2.35
4 1.41
5 0.47
6 0
7 0
 8 0
8 0
10 0
11 0
12 0
13 0
14 0
 INSTATANEOUS TOTAL CLOSURE

Input :

A1 = Area of tunnel between surge pool & pump

A3 = Area of surge tank

A2 = Area of tunnel between reservoar & surge pool

Qt = Tunnel Discharge

V1 = Tunnel velocity

hf = Head Loss in the Tunnel

h f = β * V 12

(β) = Co-efficient = hf/ V12

w = Unit weight of water

Ew Bulk modulus of elasticity of water

a = Sqrt((g/w)/(1/Ew))

a1 = (between surge pool & valve)

a2 = (between reservoar & surge pool)

a3 = (for surge pool)

 L1 = Length of pipe between surge pool & valve

L2 = Length of pipe between reservoar & surge pool

L3 = Height of surge pool

L1/a1 = Time taken to traverce from surge pool & valve

L2/a2 = Time taken to traverce from reservoar & surge poo

L3/a3 = Time taken to traverce surge pool

T = Time of closure

Gate opening factor = Bo = Cd (Av / Avo) 2g

B = (1-t/T) Bo ; where T is the time of closure & Bo is the initial gate opening factor

As a pressure head δH reaches the junction δH2 passes through the junction(tran
δH1 is reflected @ thejunction

A1/a1 =

A2/a2 =

A3/a3 =

T- Junction
 Reflection factor

δH1 = A1/a1 - A2/a2 - A3/a3 δH

A1/a1 + A2/a2 + A3/a3

= δH

Transmission factor

δH2 = 2 A1/a1 δH
A1/a1 + A2/a2 + A3/a4

= δH

Hydro-static equilibrium Level

Initial hydro-dynamical equilibrium Level

DATUM
 Δy = Qt A1
Vi Δ t
A3 A3

v = -aB2/(2g) + (B/2) (aB/g)2 +4(Ho+(avo/g)+2f)

Time 0 = 0.00 + x 0.00 44.72135955

1 = 0.00 + x 0.00 44.72135955

2 = 0.00 + x 0.00 44.72135955

3 = 0.00 + x 0.00 44.72135955

4 = 0.00 + x 0.00 44.72135955

5 = 0.00 + x 0.00 44.72135955

6 = 0.00 + x 0.00 44.72135955

Δh = (a/g) x Δv = Δv

SURGE ANALYSIS - RESERVOAR TO SURGE POOL

t vi Δy yi Δv W.L(Surgpool)
(secs) (m/sec) (m) (m) (g/l) Δt(y i+1 - β * vi2)
RE

= 41.64 sq m

= 1640 sq m

= 40.64 sq m

= 79.20 Cumecs

= m/s

= 7.70 m

= 7.70 1.95 ^2

= 2.025

= 10 kN/cu m

= 2030120.69 kN/sq m 37.8787879

4.926E-07

= 0.981
= m/s
= 1991548
= m/s
= 1411.222
= m/s
 = m

= m

= m

= sec

= sec

= sec

= 6 sec

al gate opening factor

sses through the junction(transmitted)

reflected @ thejunction
 Ho = 500 f

Q from (surge pool to pump)

 Q from (surge pool to pump)

+4(Ho+(avo/g)+2f)

WATER HAMMER ANALYSIS - SURGE POOL TO PUMP

Time C d Av B V F f Head Rise Time
(secs) (m/sec) (m) (m) (F+f) (secs)
0 0.00 0
1 0.10 1
2 0.20 2
3 0.31 3
4 0.41 4
5 0.51 5
6 0.61 6
 7 0.00 7
8 0.00 8
8 0.00 8
10 0.00 10
11 0.00 11
12 0.00 12
13 0.00 13
14 0.00 14
 BETWEEN PUMP & BFV WATER HAMMER ANALYSIS - B
C d Av B V F f Head Rise Time C d Av B
(m/sec) (m) (m) (h-ho) (secs)
4.70 0.480 10.739 0.0 0.0 0 0 4.70
4.23 0.432 10.180 1 4.23
3.29 0.336 8.793 2 3.29
2.35 0.240 7.004 3 2.35
1.41 0.144 4.703 4 1.41
0.47 0.048 1.758 5 0.47
0 0.000 0.000 6 0
 0 0.000 0.000 7 0
0 0.000 0.000 8 0
0 0.000 0.000 8 0
0 0.000 0.000 10 0
0 0.000 0.000 11 0
0 0.000 0.000 12 0
0 0.000 0.000 13 0
0 0.000 0.000 14 0

`
HAMMER ANALYSIS - BFV TO CISTERN
V F f Head Rise
(m/sec) (m) (m) (F+f)
 WATER HAMMER ANALYSIS - SURGE P
Time C d Av B
(secs)
0.000 0 4.70
L/a 1 4.23
2L/a 2 3.29
3L/a 3 2.35
4L/a 4 1.41
5L/a 5 0.47
6L/a 6 0
7L/a 7 0
8L/a 8 0
9L/a 9 0
10L/a 10 0
Hydro-static equilibrium Level

Initial hydro-dynamical equilibrium Level Ho = 500 f

DATUM
R ANALYSIS - SURGE POOL TO VALVE
V F f Head Rise
f/sec (F+f)
 INSTATANEOUS TOTAL CLOSURE

Input :

A1 = Area of tunnel between surge pool & pump

A3 = Area of surge tank

A2 = Area of tunnel between reservoar & surge pool

Qt = Tunnel Discharge

V1 = Tunnel velocity

hf = Head Loss in the Tunnel

hf = β * V12

(β) = Co-efficient = hf/ V12

w = Unit weight of water

Ew Bulk modulus of elasticity of water

a = Sqrt((g/w)/(1/Ew))

a1 = (between surge pool & valve)

a2 = (between reservoar & surge pool)

a3 = (for surge pool)

L1 = Length of pipe between surge pool & valve

L2 = Length of pipe between reservoar & surge pool

L3 = Height of surge pool

L1/a1 = Time taken to traverce from surge pool & valve

L2/a2 = Time taken to traverce from reservoar & surge pool

L3/a3 = Time taken to traverce surge pool

T = Time of closure
Gate opening factor = Bo = Cd (Av / Avo) 2g

B = (1-t/T) Bo ; where T is the time of closure & Bo is the initial gate opening factor

As a pressure head δH reaches the junction δH2 passes through the junction(transmitted)
δH1 is reflected @ thejunction

A1/a1 =

A2/a2 =

A3/a3 =

T- Junction

Reflection factor

δH1 = A1/a1 - A2/a2 - A3/a3 δH

A1/a1 + A2/a2 + A3/a3

= δH

Transmission factor

δH2 = 2 A1/a1 δH
A1/a1 + A2/a2 + A3/a4

Maximum head rise @ the gate

= δH

Hydro-static equilibrium Level

Maximum head drop @ the gate

Initial hydro-dynamical equilibrium Level

DATUM

Δy = (Qm/A2) -(A3/A2) (vi) Δt

Partial slow closure
Qm = Qo - ΔQ/2
Total slow closure

partial slow opening Qm = Qi + ΔQ/2

Total slow opening Qm = 0 + ΔQ/2

ΔQ denotes the variation in discharge during a time increment Δt corresponding to time of closure
or opening

Partial slow closure

ΔQ = (Qo-Q1)Δt/Tc
partial slow opening

Total slow closure 481.5

ΔQ = QoΔt/Tc 428
Total slow opening 374.5
321
where Tc is the total time of gate closure = 10 secs

v = -aB2/(2g) + (B/2) (aB/g)2 +4(Ho+(avo/g)+2f)

7.1381538462
0 = 0.00 + x 0.00 44.72135955
535.00
1 = 0.00 + x 4.83 0 -0.299652739
535.30
2 = 0.00 + x 4.83 0 1605.8989582

3 = 0.00 + x 4.84 0 21.003696651

63.011089952
4 = 0.00 + x 4.84 0
1542.8878683
5 = 0.00 + -x 4.80 0
134.12
6 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0
-21.98 2.5540426499
Δh = (a/g) x Δv = Δv -23.125 0.1284
 SURGE ANALYSIS - RESERVOAR TO SURGE POOL
t vi Δy yi y i+1 β * vi2 Δv W.L(Surgpool)
(secs) (m/sec) (m) (m) (g/l) Δt(y i+1
- β * vi 2 )
0 3.0000 -0.0002 7.487 7.487 7.487 0.000 133.663
1 3.0000 -0.0144 7.473 7.487 4.231 0.003 133.677
2 3.0034 -0.0289 7.444 7.415 4.241 0.003 133.706
3 3.0067 -0.0144 7.429 7.415 4.250 0.003 133.721
4 3.0099 -0.0577 7.372 7.314 4.259 0.003 133.778
5 3.0131 -0.0721 7.299 7.227 4.268 0.003 133.851
6 3.0162 -0.0865 7.213 7.126 4.277 0.003 133.937
7 3.0191 -0.1009 7.112 7.011 4.285 0.003 134.038
8 3.0219 -0.1153 6.997 6.881 4.293 0.003 134.153
9 3.0246 -0.1297 6.867 6.737 4.301 0.003 134.283
10 3.0271 -0.1441 6.723 6.579 4.308 0.002 134.427
11 3.0295 -0.1442 6.579 6.434 4.315 0.002 134.571
12 3.0317 -0.1443 6.434 6.290 4.321 0.002 134.716
13 3.0337 -0.1444 6.290 6.145 4.327 0.002 134.860
14 3.0356 -0.1445 6.145 6.001 4.332 0.002 135.005
15 3.0373 -0.1446 6.001 5.856 4.337 0.002 135.149
16 3.0389 -0.1447 5.856 5.711 4.342 0.001 135.294
17 3.0403 -0.1448 5.711 5.566 4.346 0.001 135.439
18 3.0416 -0.1448 5.566 5.422 4.349 0.001 135.584
19 3.0427 -0.1449 5.422 5.277 4.353 0.001 135.728
20 3.0436 -0.1449 5.277 5.132 4.355 0.001 135.873
21 3.0445 -0.1449 5.132 4.987 4.358 0.001 136.018
22 3.0451 -0.1450 4.987 4.842 4.359 0.000 136.163
23 3.0456 -0.1450 4.842 4.697 4.361 0.000 136.308
24 3.0460 -0.1450 4.697 4.552 4.362 0.000 136.453
25 3.0461 -0.1450 4.552 4.407 4.362 0.000 136.598
26 3.0462 -0.1450 4.407 4.262 4.363 0.000 136.743
27 3.0461 -0.1450 4.262 4.117 4.362 0.000 136.888
28 3.0458 -0.1450 4.117 3.972 4.362 0.000 137.033
29 3.0454 -0.1450 3.972 3.827 4.360 -0.001 137.178
30 3.0449 -0.1450 3.827 3.682 4.359 -0.001 137.323
31 3.0442 -0.1449 3.682 3.537 4.357 -0.001 137.468
32 3.0433 -0.1449 3.537 3.392 4.354 -0.001 137.613
33 3.0423 -0.1448 3.392 3.247 4.352 -0.001 137.758
34 3.0412 -0.1448 3.247 3.102 4.348 -0.001 137.903
35 3.0399 -0.1447 3.102 2.958 4.345 -0.001 138.048
36 3.0385 -0.1447 2.958 2.813 4.340 -0.002 138.192
37 3.0369 -0.1446 2.813 2.669 4.336 -0.002 138.337
38 3.0352 -0.1445 2.669 2.524 4.331 -0.002 138.481
39 3.0333 -0.1444 2.524 2.380 4.326 -0.002 138.626
40 3.0313 -0.1443 2.380 2.236 4.320 -0.002 138.770
41 3.0291 -0.1442 2.236 2.091 4.314 -0.002 138.914
42 3.0268 -0.1441 2.092 1.947 4.307 -0.002 139.058
43 3.0244 -0.1440 1.948 1.804 4.300 -0.003 139.202
44 3.0218 -0.1439 1.804 1.660 4.293 -0.003 139.346
45 3.0191 -0.1437 1.660 1.516 4.285 -0.003 139.490
46 3.0162 -0.1436 1.516 1.373 4.277 -0.003 139.634
47 3.0132 -0.1435 1.373 1.229 4.269 -0.003 139.777
48 3.0100 -0.1433 1.230 1.086 4.260 -0.003 139.920
49 3.0067 -0.1432 1.086 0.943 4.250 -0.003 140.064
50 3.0033 -0.1430 0.943 0.800 4.241 -0.004 140.207
51 2.9998 -0.1428 0.801 0.658 4.231 -0.004 140.349
 52 2.9961 -0.1426 0.658 0.515 4.220 -0.004 140.492
53 2.9922 -0.1425 0.516 0.373 4.209 -0.004 140.634
54 2.9883 -0.1423 0.373 0.231 4.198 -0.004 140.777
55 2.9841 -0.1421 0.231 0.089 4.187 -0.004 140.919
56 2.9799 -0.1419 0.089 -0.053 4.175 -0.004 141.061
57 2.9755 -0.1417 -0.052 -0.194 4.163 -0.005 141.202
58 2.9710 -0.1415 -0.194 -0.335 4.150 -0.005 141.344
59 2.9664 -0.1412 -0.335 -0.476 4.137 -0.005 141.485
60 2.9616 -0.1410 -0.476 -0.617 4.124 -0.005 141.626
61 2.9567 -0.1408 -0.617 -0.758 4.110 -0.005 141.767
62 2.9517 -0.1405 -0.757 -0.898 4.096 -0.005 141.907
63 2.9465 -0.1403 -0.898 -1.038 4.082 -0.005 142.048
64 2.9412 -0.1400 -1.038 -1.178 4.067 -0.005 142.188
65 2.9357 -0.1398 -1.177 -1.317 4.052 -0.006 142.327
66 2.9302 -0.1395 -1.317 -1.456 4.037 -0.006 142.467
67 2.9245 -0.1392 -1.456 -1.595 4.021 -0.006 142.606
68 2.9187 -0.1390 -1.595 -1.734 4.005 -0.006 142.745
69 2.9127 -0.1387 -1.734 -1.873 3.989 -0.006 142.884
70 2.9067 -0.1384 -1.872 -2.011 3.972 -0.006 143.022
71 2.9005 -0.1381 -2.010 -2.148 3.955 -0.006 143.160
72 2.8942 -0.1378 -2.148 -2.286 3.938 -0.006 143.298
73 2.8877 -0.1375 -2.286 -2.423 3.920 -0.007 143.436
74 2.8812 -0.1372 -2.423 -2.560 3.903 -0.007 143.573
75 2.8745 -0.1369 -2.560 -2.696 3.885 -0.007 143.710
76 2.8676 -0.1365 -2.696 -2.833 3.866 -0.007 143.846
77 2.8607 -0.1362 -2.832 -2.969 3.847 -0.007 143.982
78 2.8537 -0.1359 -2.968 -3.104 3.829 -0.007 144.118
79 2.8465 -0.1355 -3.104 -3.239 3.809 -0.007 144.254
80 2.8392 -0.1352 -3.239 -3.374 3.790 -0.007 144.389
81 2.8318 -0.1348 -3.374 -3.509 3.770 -0.008 144.524
82 2.8242 -0.1345 -3.508 -3.643 3.750 -0.008 144.658
83 2.8166 -0.1341 -3.642 -3.776 3.730 -0.008 144.792
84 2.8088 -0.1337 -3.776 -3.910 3.709 -0.008 144.926
85 2.8009 -0.1334 -3.909 -4.043 3.688 -0.008 145.059
86 2.7929 -0.1330 -4.042 -4.175 3.667 -0.008 145.192
87 2.7848 -0.1326 -4.175 -4.308 3.646 -0.008 145.325
88 2.7766 -0.1322 -4.307 -4.439 3.624 -0.008 145.457
89 2.7682 -0.1318 -4.439 -4.571 3.603 -0.008 145.589
90 2.7597 -0.1314 -4.570 -4.702 3.581 -0.009 145.720
91 2.7512 -0.1310 -4.701 -4.832 3.558 -0.009 145.851
92 2.7425 -0.1306 -4.832 -4.962 3.536 -0.009 145.982
93 2.7337 -0.1302 -4.962 -5.092 3.513 -0.009 146.112
94 2.7248 -0.1297 -5.092 -5.221 3.491 -0.009 146.242
95 2.7158 -0.1293 -5.221 -5.350 3.467 -0.009 146.371
96 2.7066 -0.1289 -5.350 -5.479 3.444 -0.009 146.500
97 2.6974 -0.1284 -5.478 -5.607 3.421 -0.009 146.628
98 2.6880 -0.1280 -5.606 -5.734 3.397 -0.009 146.756
99 2.6786 -0.1275 -5.734 -5.861 3.373 -0.010 146.884
100 2.6690 -0.1271 -5.861 -5.988 3.349 -0.010 147.011
101 2.6594 -0.1266 -5.988 -6.114 3.325 -0.010 147.138
102 2.6496 -0.1261 -6.114 -6.240 3.301 -0.010 147.264
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368 -1.6488 0.0785 -13.089 -13.011 1.278 -0.015 154.239
369 -1.6636 0.0792 -13.010 -12.931 1.301 -0.015 154.160
370 -1.6783 0.0799 -12.930 -12.850 1.324 -0.015 154.080
371 -1.6930 0.0806 -12.850 -12.769 1.348 -0.015 154.000
372 -1.7076 0.0813 -12.768 -12.687 1.371 -0.015 153.918
373 -1.7222 0.0820 -12.686 -12.604 1.394 -0.014 153.836
374 -1.7367 0.0827 -12.604 -12.521 1.418 -0.014 153.754
375 -1.7511 0.0834 -12.520 -12.437 1.442 -0.014 153.670
376 -1.7655 0.0841 -12.436 -12.352 1.465 -0.014 153.586
377 -1.7798 0.0847 -12.351 -12.267 1.489 -0.014 153.501
378 -1.7940 0.0854 -12.266 -12.181 1.513 -0.014 153.416
379 -1.8082 0.0861 -12.180 -12.094 1.537 -0.014 153.330
380 -1.8223 0.0868 -12.093 -12.006 1.561 -0.014 153.243
381 -1.8364 0.0874 -12.006 -11.918 1.585 -0.014 153.156
382 -1.8503 0.0881 -11.918 -11.830 1.610 -0.014 153.068
383 -1.8643 0.0888 -11.829 -11.740 1.634 -0.014 152.979
384 -1.8781 0.0894 -11.740 -11.650 1.658 -0.014 152.890
385 -1.8919 0.0901 -11.649 -11.559 1.683 -0.014 152.799
386 -1.9056 0.0907 -11.559 -11.468 1.707 -0.014 152.709
387 -1.9192 0.0914 -11.467 -11.376 1.732 -0.014 152.617
388 -1.9328 0.0920 -11.375 -11.283 1.756 -0.014 152.525
389 -1.9463 0.0927 -11.283 -11.190 1.781 -0.013 152.433
390 -1.9597 0.0933 -11.189 -11.096 1.806 -0.013 152.339
391 -1.9731 0.0939 -11.095 -11.001 1.830 -0.013 152.245
392 -1.9864 0.0946 -11.001 -10.906 1.855 -0.013 152.151
393 -1.9996 0.0952 -10.906 -10.810 1.880 -0.013 152.056
394 -2.0127 0.0958 -10.810 -10.714 1.905 -0.013 151.960
395 -2.0258 0.0964 -10.713 -10.617 1.929 -0.013 151.863
396 -2.0388 0.0971 -10.616 -10.519 1.954 -0.013 151.766
397 -2.0517 0.0977 -10.519 -10.421 1.979 -0.013 151.669
398 -2.0645 0.0983 -10.420 -10.322 2.004 -0.013 151.570
399 -2.0773 0.0989 -10.321 -10.223 2.029 -0.013 151.471
400 -2.0900 0.0995 -10.222 -10.122 2.054 -0.013 151.372
401 -2.1026 0.1001 -10.122 -10.022 2.078 -0.013 151.272
402 -2.1151 0.1007 -10.021 -9.920 2.103 -0.012 151.171
403 -2.1276 0.1013 -9.920 -9.819 2.128 -0.012 151.070
404 -2.1399 0.1019 -9.818 -9.716 2.153 -0.012 150.968
405 -2.1522 0.1025 -9.715 -9.613 2.178 -0.012 150.865
406 -2.1644 0.1030 -9.612 -9.509 2.202 -0.012 150.762
407 -2.1766 0.1036 -9.509 -9.405 2.227 -0.012 150.659
408 -2.1886 0.1042 -9.405 -9.300 2.252 -0.012 150.555
409 -2.2006 0.1048 -9.300 -9.195 2.277 -0.012 150.450
410 -2.2124 0.1053 -9.194 -9.089 2.301 -0.012 150.344
411 -2.2242 0.1059 -9.089 -8.983 2.326 -0.012 150.239
412 -2.2359 0.1065 -8.982 -8.876 2.350 -0.012 150.132
413 -2.2476 0.1070 -8.875 -8.768 2.375 -0.012 150.025
414 -2.2591 0.1076 -8.768 -8.660 2.399 -0.011 149.918
415 -2.2705 0.1081 -8.659 -8.551 2.424 -0.011 149.809
416 -2.2819 0.1086 -8.551 -8.442 2.448 -0.011 149.701
417 -2.2932 0.1092 -8.442 -8.332 2.472 -0.011 149.592
418 -2.3044 0.1097 -8.332 -8.222 2.497 -0.011 149.482
419 -2.3155 0.1102 -8.222 -8.111 2.521 -0.011 149.372
420 -2.3265 0.1108 -8.111 -8.000 2.545 -0.011 149.261
421 -2.3374 0.1113 -8.000 -7.888 2.569 -0.011 149.150
422 -2.3482 0.1118 -7.888 -7.776 2.592 -0.011 149.038
423 -2.3590 0.1123 -7.776 -7.663 2.616 -0.011 148.926
424 -2.3696 0.1128 -7.663 -7.550 2.640 -0.011 148.813
425 -2.3802 0.1133 -7.549 -7.436 2.663 -0.010 148.699
426 -2.3906 0.1138 -7.436 -7.322 2.687 -0.010 148.586
427 -2.4010 0.1143 -7.321 -7.207 2.710 -0.010 148.471
428 -2.4112 0.1148 -7.206 -7.092 2.733 -0.010 148.356
429 -2.4214 0.1153 -7.091 -6.976 2.757 -0.010 148.241
430 -2.4315 0.1158 -6.975 -6.860 2.780 -0.010 148.125
431 -2.4415 0.1162 -6.859 -6.743 2.802 -0.010 148.009
432 -2.4513 0.1167 -6.742 -6.626 2.825 -0.010 147.892
433 -2.4611 0.1172 -6.625 -6.508 2.848 -0.010 147.775
434 -2.4708 0.1176 -6.508 -6.390 2.870 -0.010 147.658
435 -2.4804 0.1181 -6.390 -6.271 2.893 -0.009 147.540
436 -2.4899 0.1185 -6.271 -6.152 2.915 -0.009 147.421
437 -2.4993 0.1190 -6.152 -6.033 2.937 -0.009 147.302
438 -2.5086 0.1194 -6.033 -5.913 2.959 -0.009 147.183
439 -2.5178 0.1199 -5.913 -5.793 2.980 -0.009 147.063
440 -2.5268 0.1203 -5.792 -5.672 3.002 -0.009 146.942
441 -2.5358 0.1207 -5.672 -5.551 3.023 -0.009 146.822
442 -2.5447 0.1212 -5.551 -5.429 3.044 -0.009 146.701
443 -2.5535 0.1216 -5.429 -5.307 3.065 -0.009 146.579
444 -2.5621 0.1220 -5.307 -5.185 3.086 -0.009 146.457
445 -2.5707 0.1224 -5.185 -5.062 3.107 -0.008 146.335
446 -2.5792 0.1228 -5.062 -4.939 3.127 -0.008 146.212
447 -2.5875 0.1232 -4.939 -4.815 3.148 -0.008 146.089
448 -2.5958 0.1236 -4.815 -4.691 3.168 -0.008 145.965
449 -2.6039 0.1240 -4.691 -4.567 3.188 -0.008 145.841
450 -2.6119 0.1244 -4.567 -4.442 3.207 -0.008 145.717
451 -2.6198 0.1247 -4.442 -4.317 3.227 -0.008 145.592
452 -2.6277 0.1251 -4.317 -4.192 3.246 -0.008 145.467
453 -2.6354 0.1255 -4.191 -4.066 3.265 -0.008 145.341
454 -2.6429 0.1258 -4.066 -3.940 3.284 -0.007 145.216
455 -2.6504 0.1262 -3.939 -3.813 3.303 -0.007 145.089
456 -2.6578 0.1265 -3.813 -3.686 3.321 -0.007 144.963
457 -2.6650 0.1269 -3.686 -3.559 3.339 -0.007 144.836
458 -2.6722 0.1272 -3.559 -3.431 3.357 -0.007 144.709
459 -2.6792 0.1276 -3.431 -3.304 3.375 -0.007 144.581
460 -2.6861 0.1279 -3.303 -3.175 3.392 -0.007 144.453
461 -2.6929 0.1282 -3.175 -3.047 3.409 -0.007 144.325
462 -2.6996 0.1285 -3.046 -2.918 3.426 -0.007 144.196
463 -2.7062 0.1288 -2.918 -2.789 3.443 -0.006 144.068
464 -2.7126 0.1292 -2.788 -2.659 3.459 -0.006 143.938
465 -2.7190 0.1295 -2.659 -2.530 3.476 -0.006 143.809
466 -2.7252 0.1297 -2.529 -2.400 3.492 -0.006 143.679
467 -2.7313 0.1300 -2.399 -2.269 3.507 -0.006 143.549
468 -2.7373 0.1303 -2.269 -2.139 3.523 -0.006 143.419
469 -2.7431 0.1306 -2.138 -2.008 3.538 -0.006 143.288
470 -2.7489 0.1309 -2.007 -1.877 3.553 -0.006 143.157
471 -2.7545 0.1311 -1.876 -1.745 3.567 -0.006 143.026
472 -2.7600 0.1314 -1.745 -1.613 3.581 -0.005 142.895
473 -2.7654 0.1317 -1.613 -1.482 3.595 -0.005 142.763
474 -2.7706 0.1319 -1.481 -1.349 3.609 -0.005 142.631
475 -2.7758 0.1322 -1.349 -1.217 3.622 -0.005 142.499
476 -2.7808 0.1324 -1.217 -1.084 3.635 -0.005 142.367
477 -2.7857 0.1326 -1.084 -0.952 3.648 -0.005 142.234
478 -2.7904 0.1329 -0.951 -0.818 3.661 -0.005 142.101
479 -2.7951 0.1331 -0.818 -0.685 3.673 -0.005 141.968
480 -2.7996 0.1333 -0.685 -0.552 3.685 -0.004 141.835
481 -2.8040 0.1335 -0.551 -0.418 3.696 -0.004 141.701
482 -2.8082 0.1337 -0.418 -0.284 3.708 -0.004 141.568
483 -2.8124 0.1339 -0.284 -0.150 3.718 -0.004 141.434
484 -2.8164 0.1341 -0.150 -0.016 3.729 -0.004 141.300
485 -2.8202 0.1343 -0.015 0.119 3.739 -0.004 141.165
486 -2.8240 0.1345 0.119 0.253 3.749 -0.004 141.031
487 -2.8276 0.1346 0.254 0.388 3.759 -0.003 140.896
488 -2.8311 0.1348 0.388 0.523 3.768 -0.003 140.762
489 -2.8345 0.1350 0.523 0.658 3.777 -0.003 140.627
490 -2.8377 0.1351 0.658 0.794 3.786 -0.003 140.492
491 -2.8408 0.1353 0.794 0.929 3.794 -0.003 140.356
492 -2.8437 0.1354 0.929 1.064 3.802 -0.003 140.221
493 -2.8466 0.1355 1.065 1.200 3.810 -0.003 140.085
494 -2.8493 0.1357 1.200 1.336 3.817 -0.003 139.950
495 -2.8518 0.1358 1.336 1.472 3.824 -0.002 139.814
496 -2.8543 0.1359 1.472 1.608 3.830 -0.002 139.678
497 -2.8566 0.1360 1.608 1.744 3.836 -0.002 139.542
498 -2.8588 0.1361 1.744 1.880 3.842 -0.002 139.406
499 -2.8608 0.1362 1.880 2.016 3.848 -0.002 139.270
500 -2.8627 0.1363 2.017 2.153 3.853 -0.002 139.133
501 -2.8644 0.1364 2.153 2.289 3.858 -0.002 138.997
502 -2.8661 0.1365 2.289 2.426 3.862 -0.001 138.861
503 -2.8675 0.1365 2.426 2.562 3.866 -0.001 138.724
504 -2.8689 0.1366 2.563 2.699 3.870 -0.001 138.587
505 -2.8701 0.1366 2.699 2.836 3.873 -0.001 138.451
506 -2.8712 0.1367 2.836 2.973 3.876 -0.001 138.314
507 -2.8721 0.1367 2.973 3.109 3.878 -0.001 138.177
508 -2.8729 0.1368 3.109 3.246 3.880 -0.001 138.041
509 -2.8736 0.1368 3.246 3.383 3.882 -0.001 137.904
510 -2.8741 0.1368 3.383 3.520 3.884 0.000 137.767
511 -2.8745 0.1369 3.520 3.657 3.885 0.000 137.630
512 -2.8747 0.1369 3.657 3.794 3.885 0.000 137.493
513 -2.8748 0.1369 3.794 3.930 3.885 0.000 137.356
514 -2.8747 0.1369 3.930 4.067 3.885 0.000 137.220
515 -2.8746 0.1369 4.067 4.204 3.885 0.000 137.083
516 -2.8742 0.1368 4.204 4.341 3.884 0.000 136.946
517 -2.8738 0.1368 4.341 4.478 3.883 0.001 136.809
518 -2.8731 0.1368 4.478 4.615 3.881 0.001 136.672
519 -2.8724 0.1368 4.615 4.751 3.879 0.001 136.535
520 -2.8715 0.1367 4.751 4.888 3.876 0.001 136.399
521 -2.8704 0.1367 4.888 5.025 3.874 0.001 136.262
522 -2.8692 0.1366 5.025 5.161 3.870 0.001 136.125
523 -2.8679 0.1365 5.161 5.298 3.867 0.001 135.989
524 -2.8664 0.1365 5.298 5.434 3.863 0.002 135.852
525 -2.8648 0.1364 5.434 5.570 3.858 0.002 135.716
526 -2.8630 0.1363 5.570 5.707 3.854 0.002 135.580
527 -2.8611 0.1362 5.706 5.843 3.849 0.002 135.444
528 -2.8590 0.1361 5.843 5.979 3.843 0.002 135.307
529 -2.8568 0.1360 5.979 6.115 3.837 0.002 135.171
530 -2.8545 0.1359 6.115 6.250 3.831 0.003 135.035
531 -2.8520 0.1358 6.250 6.386 3.824 0.003 134.900
532 -2.8493 0.1357 6.386 6.522 3.817 0.003 134.764
533 -2.8465 0.1355 6.521 6.657 3.809 0.003 134.629
534 -2.8436 0.1354 6.657 6.792 3.801 0.003 134.493
535 -2.8405 0.1352 6.792 6.927 3.793 0.003 134.358
536 -2.8372 0.1355 6.928 7.063 3.785 0.003 134.222
537 -2.8338 0.1357 7.063 7.199 3.776 0.004 134.087
538 -2.8303 0.1359 7.199 7.335 3.766 0.004 133.951
539 -2.8266 0.1362 7.335 7.472 3.756 0.004 133.815
540 -2.8227 0.1364 7.472 7.608 3.746 0.004 133.678
541 -2.8187 0.1366 7.608 7.745 3.735 0.004 133.542
542 -2.8146 0.1368 7.745 7.882 3.724 0.004 133.405
543 -2.8103 0.1370 7.882 8.019 3.713 0.004 133.268
544 -2.8058 0.1372 8.019 8.156 3.701 0.005 133.131
545 -2.8012 0.1373 8.157 8.294 3.689 0.005 132.993
546 -2.7964 0.1375 8.294 8.432 3.677 0.005 132.856
547 -2.7915 0.1377 8.432 8.569 3.664 0.005 132.718
548 -2.7864 0.1378 8.570 8.707 3.650 0.005 132.580
549 -2.7812 0.1380 8.708 8.845 3.637 0.005 132.442
550 -2.7758 0.1381 8.846 8.984 3.623 0.006 132.304
551 -2.7703 0.1382 8.984 9.122 3.608 0.006 132.166
552 -2.7646 0.1384 9.122 9.261 3.593 0.006 132.028
553 -2.7587 0.1385 9.261 9.399 3.578 0.006 131.889
554 -2.7527 0.1386 9.399 9.538 3.562 0.006 131.751
555 -2.7465 0.1387 9.538 9.677 3.546 0.006 131.612
556 -2.7401 0.1388 9.677 9.816 3.530 0.007 131.473
557 -2.7336 0.1389 9.816 9.954 3.513 0.007 131.334
558 -2.7270 0.1389 9.955 10.094 3.496 0.007 131.195
559 -2.7201 0.1390 10.094 10.233 3.479 0.007 131.056
560 -2.7131 0.1391 10.233 10.372 3.461 0.007 130.917
561 -2.7060 0.1391 10.372 10.511 3.443 0.007 130.778
562 -2.6987 0.1392 10.511 10.650 3.424 0.007 130.639
563 -2.6912 0.1392 10.650 10.789 3.405 0.008 130.500
564 -2.6835 0.1393 10.789 10.929 3.386 0.008 130.361
565 -2.6757 0.1393 10.929 11.068 3.366 0.008 130.221
566 -2.6677 0.1393 11.068 11.207 3.346 0.008 130.082
567 -2.6596 0.1393 11.207 11.347 3.326 0.008 129.943
568 -2.6513 0.1393 11.347 11.486 3.305 0.008 129.803
569 -2.6428 0.1393 11.486 11.625 3.284 0.009 129.664
570 -2.6342 0.1393 11.625 11.765 3.262 0.009 129.525
571 -2.6254 0.1393 11.765 11.904 3.241 0.009 129.385
572 -2.6164 0.1392 11.904 12.043 3.218 0.009 129.246
573 -2.6073 0.1392 12.043 12.182 3.196 0.009 129.107
574 -2.5980 0.1391 12.182 12.321 3.173 0.009 128.968
575 -2.5885 0.1391 12.321 12.460 3.150 0.010 128.829
576 -2.5789 0.1390 12.460 12.599 3.127 0.010 128.690
577 -2.5691 0.1390 12.599 12.738 3.103 0.010 128.551
578 -2.5591 0.1389 12.738 12.877 3.079 0.010 128.412
579 -2.5489 0.1388 12.877 13.016 3.055 0.010 128.273
580 -2.5386 0.1387 13.016 13.154 3.030 0.010 128.134
581 -2.5281 0.1386 13.154 13.293 3.005 0.011 127.996
582 -2.5175 0.1385 13.293 13.431 2.980 0.011 127.857
583 -2.5067 0.1384 13.431 13.569 2.954 0.011 127.719
584 -2.4957 0.1382 13.569 13.707 2.928 0.011 127.581
585 -2.4845 0.1381 13.707 13.845 2.902 0.011 127.443
586 -2.4732 0.1380 13.845 13.983 2.876 0.012 127.305
587 -2.4617 0.1378 13.983 14.121 2.849 0.012 127.167
588 -2.4500 0.1377 14.121 14.258 2.822 0.012 127.029
589 -2.4382 0.1375 14.258 14.396 2.795 0.012 126.892
590 -2.4262 0.1373 14.396 14.533 2.767 0.012 126.754
591 -2.4140 0.1371 14.533 14.670 2.740 0.012 126.617
592 -2.4016 0.1369 14.670 14.807 2.712 0.013 126.480
593 -2.3891 0.1367 14.806 14.943 2.684 0.013 126.344
594 -2.3764 0.1365 14.943 15.079 2.655 0.013 126.207
595 -2.3636 0.1125 15.055 15.168 2.626 0.013 126.095
596 -2.3506 0.1119 15.167 15.279 2.598 0.013 125.983
597 -2.3374 0.1113 15.279 15.390 2.569 0.013 125.871
598 -2.3242 0.1107 15.389 15.500 2.540 0.013 125.761
599 -2.3107 0.1100 15.499 15.609 2.510 0.014 125.651
 INSTATANEOUS TOTAL CLOSURE

Input :

A1 = Area of tunnel between surge pool & pump

A3 = Area of surge tank

A2 = Area of tunnel between reservoar & surge pool

Qt = Tunnel Discharge

V1 = Tunnel velocity

hf = Head Loss in the Tunnel

hf = β * V12

(β) = Co-efficient =

w = Unit weight of water

Ew Bulk modulus of elasticity of water

a = Sqrt((g/w)/(1/Ew))

a1 = (between surge pool & valve)

a2 = (between reservoar & surge pool)

a3 = (for surge pool)

 L1 = Length of pipe between surge pool & valve

L2 = Length of pipe between reservoar & surge pool

L3 = Height of surge pool

L1/a1 = Time taken to traverce from surge pool & valve

L2/a2 = Time taken to traverce from reservoar & surge pool

L3/a3 = Time taken to traverce surge pool

T = Time of closure

Gate opening factor = Bo = Cd (Av / Avo) 2g

B = (1-t/T) Bo ; where T is the time of closure & Bo is the initial gate opening factor

As a pressure head δH reaches the junction δH2 passes through the junction(transmitte
δH1 is reflected @ thejunction

A1/a1 =

A2/a2 =

A3/a3 =

T- Junction
 Reflection factor

δH1 = A1/a1 - A2/a2 - A3/a3 δH

A1/a1 + A2/a2 + A3/a3

= δH

Transmission factor

δH2 = 2 A1/a1 δH
A1/a1 + A2/a2 + A3/a4

= δH

Hydro-static equilibrium Level

Initial hydro-dynamical equilibrium Level

DATUM

Δy = (Qm/A2) -(A3/A2) (vi) Δt

Partial slow closure

Qm = Qo - ΔQ/2
Total slow closure

partial slow opening Qm = Qi + ΔQ/2

Total slow opening Qm = 0 + ΔQ/2

ΔQ denotes the variation in discharge during a time increment Δt corresponding to time

or opening

Partial slow closure

ΔQ = (Qo-Q1)Δt/Tc
partial slow opening

Total slow closure

ΔQ = QoΔt/Tc
Total slow opening

where Tc is the total time of gate closure = 6 secs

v = -aB2/(2g) + (B/2) (aB/g)2 +4(Ho+(avo/g)+2f)

0 = 0.00 + x 0.00 44.72135955

1 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0

2 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0

3 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0

4 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0

5 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0

6 = 0.00 + x 0.00 0
 Δh = (a/g) x Δv = Δv 0.1284

-0.457 7.487
7.251

SURGE ANALYSIS - RESERVOAR TO SURGE POOL

t vi Δy yi y i+1 β * vi 2 Δv
(secs) (m/sec) (m) (m) (g/l) Δt(y i+1 - β * vi2)
0 0.0000 0.0000 0.236 0.236 0.000 0.000
1 0.0002 0.0004 0.237 0.237 0.000 0.000
2 0.0005 0.0008 0.238 0.238 0.000 0.000
3 0.0007 0.0012 0.239 0.240 0.000 0.000
4 0.0010 0.0016 0.240 0.242 0.000 0.000
5 0.0012 0.0020 0.242 0.244 0.000 0.000
6 0.0015 0.0023 0.245 0.247 0.000 0.000
7 0.0017 0.0027 0.247 0.250 0.000 0.000
8 0.0020 0.0031 0.250 0.254 0.000 0.000
9 0.0023 0.0035 0.254 0.257 0.000 0.000
10 0.0025 0.0039 0.258 0.262 0.000 0.000
11 0.0028 0.0043 0.262 0.266 0.000 0.000
12 0.0031 0.0047 0.267 0.272 0.000 0.000
13 0.0034 0.0051 0.272 0.277 0.000 0.000
14 0.0036 0.0055 0.277 0.283 0.000 0.000
15 0.0039 0.0059 0.283 0.289 0.000 0.000
16 0.0042 0.0062 0.289 0.296 0.000 0.000
17 0.0045 0.0066 0.296 0.303 0.000 0.000
18 0.0049 0.0070 0.303 0.310 0.000 0.000
19 0.0052 0.0074 0.311 0.318 0.000 0.000
20 0.0055 0.0078 0.318 0.326 0.000 0.000
21 0.0058 0.0082 0.326 0.335 0.000 0.000
22 0.0062 0.0086 0.335 0.344 0.000 0.000
23 0.0065 0.0090 0.344 0.353 0.000 0.000
24 0.0069 0.0093 0.353 0.363 0.000 0.000
25 0.0073 0.0097 0.363 0.373 0.000 0.000
26 0.0077 0.0101 0.373 0.383 0.000 0.000
27 0.0081 0.0105 0.384 0.394 0.000 0.000
28 0.0085 0.0109 0.395 0.406 0.000 0.000
29 0.0089 0.0113 0.406 0.417 0.000 0.000
30 0.0093 0.0117 0.418 0.429 0.000 0.000
31 0.0098 0.0121 0.430 0.442 0.000 0.000
32 0.0102 0.0124 0.442 0.455 0.000 0.000
33 0.0107 0.0128 0.455 0.468 0.000 0.000
34 0.0112 0.0132 0.468 0.481 0.000 0.000
35 0.0117 0.0136 0.482 0.495 0.000 0.001
36 0.0122 0.0140 0.496 0.510 0.000 0.001
37 0.0127 0.0144 0.510 0.524 0.000 0.001
38 0.0133 0.0147 0.525 0.540 0.000 0.001
39 0.0138 0.0151 0.540 0.555 0.000 0.001
40 0.0144 0.0155 0.555 0.571 0.000 0.001
41 0.0150 0.0159 0.571 0.587 0.000 0.001
42 0.0156 0.0163 0.588 0.604 0.000 0.001
43 0.0162 0.0167 0.604 0.621 0.000 0.001
44 0.0169 0.0170 0.621 0.638 0.000 0.001
45 0.0175 0.0174 0.639 0.656 0.000 0.001
46 0.0182 0.0178 0.656 0.674 0.000 0.001
47 0.0189 0.0182 0.675 0.693 0.000 0.001
48 0.0196 0.0186 0.693 0.712 0.000 0.001
49 0.0204 0.0189 0.712 0.731 0.000 0.001
50 0.0211 0.0193 0.731 0.751 0.000 0.001
51 0.0219 0.0197 0.751 0.771 0.000 0.001
52 0.0227 0.0201 0.771 0.791 0.000 0.001
53 0.0235 0.0204 0.792 0.812 0.000 0.001
54 0.0244 0.0208 0.812 0.833 0.000 0.001
55 0.0252 0.0212 0.834 0.855 0.000 0.001
56 0.0261 0.0216 0.855 0.877 0.000 0.001
57 0.0270 0.0219 0.877 0.899 0.000 0.001
58 0.0279 0.0223 0.900 0.922 0.000 0.001
59 0.0289 0.0227 0.922 0.945 0.000 0.001
60 0.0299 0.0231 0.945 0.968 0.0179 0.0010
61 0.0309 0.0230 0.968 0.991 0.019 0.001
62 0.0319 0.0230 0.991 1.014 0.020 0.001
63 0.0329 0.0230 1.014 1.037 0.022 0.001
64 0.0339 0.0230 1.037 1.060 0.023 0.001
65 0.0350 0.0229 1.060 1.083 0.025 0.001
66 0.0361 0.0229 1.083 1.106 0.026 0.001
67 0.0372 0.0229 1.106 1.129 0.028 0.001
68 0.0384 0.0229 1.129 1.152 0.029 0.001
69 0.0395 0.0228 1.152 1.175 0.031 0.001
70 0.0407 0.0228 1.175 1.197 0.033 0.001
71 0.0419 0.0228 1.197 1.220 0.035 0.001
72 0.0432 0.0228 1.220 1.243 0.037 0.001
73 0.0444 0.0227 1.243 1.266 0.039 0.001
74 0.0457 0.0227 1.265 1.288 0.042 0.001
75 0.0470 0.0227 1.288 1.311 0.044 0.001
76 0.0483 0.0226 1.311 1.333 0.047 0.001
77 0.0496 0.0226 1.333 1.356 0.049 0.001
78 0.0510 0.0226 1.356 1.379 0.052 0.001
79 0.0523 0.0225 1.378 1.401 0.055 0.001
80 0.0537 0.0225 1.401 1.423 0.058 0.001
81 0.0551 0.0225 1.423 1.446 0.061 0.001
82 0.0566 0.0224 1.446 1.468 0.064 0.001
83 0.0580 0.0224 1.468 1.491 0.067 0.001
84 0.0595 0.0224 1.491 1.513 0.071 0.001
85 0.0610 0.0223 1.513 1.535 0.074 0.002
86 0.0625 0.0223 1.535 1.558 0.078 0.002
87 0.0640 0.0223 1.557 1.580 0.082 0.002
88 0.0656 0.0222 1.580 1.602 0.086 0.002
89 0.0672 0.0222 1.602 1.624 0.090 0.002
90 0.0687 0.0221 1.624 1.646 0.095 0.002
91 0.0704 0.0221 1.646 1.668 0.099 0.002
92 0.0720 0.0221 1.668 1.690 0.104 0.002
93 0.0736 0.0220 1.690 1.712 0.108 0.002
94 0.0753 0.0220 1.712 1.734 0.113 0.002
95 0.0770 0.0219 1.734 1.756 0.118 0.002
96 0.0787 0.0219 1.756 1.778 0.124 0.002
97 0.0804 0.0219 1.778 1.800 0.129 0.002
98 0.0821 0.0218 1.800 1.822 0.135 0.002
99 0.0838 0.0218 1.822 1.843 0.141 0.002
100 0.0856 0.0217 1.843 1.865 0.147 0.002
101 0.0874 0.0217 1.865 1.887 0.153 0.002
102 0.0892 0.0217 1.887 1.908 0.159 0.002
103 0.0910 0.0216 1.908 1.930 0.166 0.002
104 0.0928 0.0216 1.930 1.951 0.172 0.002
105 0.0947 0.0215 1.951 1.973 0.179 0.002
106 0.0965 0.0215 1.973 1.994 0.186 0.002
107 0.0984 0.0214 1.994 2.016 0.194 0.002
108 0.1003 0.0214 2.016 2.037 0.201 0.002
109 0.1022 0.0213 2.037 2.058 0.209 0.002
110 0.1041 0.0213 2.058 2.080 0.217 0.002
111 0.1060 0.0213 2.080 2.101 0.225 0.002
112 0.1080 0.0212 2.101 2.122 0.233 0.002
113 0.1099 0.0212 2.122 2.143 0.242 0.002
114 0.1119 0.0211 2.143 2.164 0.250 0.002
115 0.1139 0.0211 2.164 2.185 0.259 0.002
116 0.1159 0.0210 2.185 2.206 0.268 0.002
117 0.1179 0.0210 2.206 2.227 0.278 0.002
118 0.1199 0.0209 2.227 2.248 0.287 0.002
119 0.1219 0.0209 2.248 2.269 0.297 0.002
120 0.1240 0.0208 2.269 2.290 0.307 0.002
121 0.1260 0.0208 2.289 2.310 0.318 0.002
122 0.1281 0.0207 2.310 2.331 0.328 0.002
123 0.1301 0.0207 2.331 2.352 0.339 0.002
124 0.1322 0.0206 2.352 2.372 0.350 0.002
125 0.1343 0.0206 2.372 2.393 0.361 0.002
126 0.1364 0.0205 2.393 2.413 0.372 0.002
127 0.1385 0.0205 2.413 2.434 0.384 0.002
128 0.1407 0.0204 2.434 2.454 0.396 0.002
129 0.1428 0.0204 2.454 2.474 0.408 0.002
130 0.1449 0.0203 2.474 2.495 0.420 0.002
131 0.1471 0.0203 2.495 2.515 0.433 0.002
132 0.1492 0.0202 2.515 2.535 0.445 0.002
133 0.1514 0.0202 2.535 2.555 0.458 0.002
134 0.1536 0.0201 2.555 2.575 0.472 0.002
135 0.1558 0.0201 2.575 2.595 0.485 0.002
136 0.1579 0.0200 2.595 2.615 0.499 0.002
137 0.1601 0.0200 2.615 2.635 0.513 0.002
138 0.1623 0.0199 2.635 2.655 0.527 0.002
139 0.1645 0.0199 2.655 2.675 0.541 0.002
140 0.1667 0.0198 2.675 2.694 0.556 0.002
141 0.1689 0.0198 2.694 2.714 0.571 0.002
142 0.1712 0.0197 2.714 2.734 0.586 0.002
143 0.1734 0.0197 2.734 2.753 0.601 0.002
144 0.1756 0.0196 2.753 2.773 0.617 0.002
145 0.1779 0.0195 2.773 2.792 0.633 0.002
146 0.1801 0.0195 2.792 2.812 0.649 0.002
147 0.1823 0.0194 2.812 2.831 0.665 0.002
148 0.1846 0.0194 2.831 2.851 0.681 0.002
149 0.1868 0.0193 2.851 2.870 0.698 0.002
150 0.1891 0.0193 2.870 2.889 0.715 0.002
151 0.1913 0.0192 2.889 2.908 0.732 0.002
152 0.1936 0.0192 2.908 2.927 0.749 0.002
153 0.1958 0.0191 2.927 2.946 0.767 0.002
154 0.1981 0.0191 2.946 2.965 0.785 0.002
155 0.2003 0.0190 2.965 2.984 0.803 0.002
156 0.2026 0.0190 2.984 3.003 0.821 0.002
157 0.2049 0.0189 3.003 3.022 0.839 0.002
158 0.2071 0.0188 3.022 3.041 0.858 0.002
159 0.2094 0.0188 3.041 3.060 0.877 0.002
160 0.2116 0.0187 3.060 3.078 0.896 0.002
161 0.2139 0.0187 3.078 3.097 0.915 0.002
162 0.2162 0.0186 3.097 3.116 0.934 0.002
163 0.2184 0.0186 3.116 3.134 0.954 0.002
164 0.2207 0.0185 3.134 3.153 0.974 0.002
165 0.2229 0.0185 3.153 3.171 0.994 0.002
166 0.2252 0.0184 3.171 3.189 1.014 0.002
167 0.2274 0.0184 3.189 3.208 1.035 0.002
168 0.2297 0.0183 3.208 3.226 1.055 0.002
169 0.2319 0.0183 3.226 3.244 1.076 0.002
170 0.2342 0.0182 3.244 3.262 1.097 0.002
171 0.2364 0.0181 3.262 3.280 1.118 0.002
172 0.2387 0.0181 3.280 3.298 1.139 0.002
173 0.2409 0.0180 3.298 3.316 1.161 0.002
174 0.2431 0.0180 3.316 3.334 1.182 0.002
175 0.2454 0.0179 3.334 3.352 1.204 0.002
176 0.2476 0.0179 3.352 3.370 1.226 0.002
177 0.2498 0.0178 3.370 3.388 1.248 0.002
178 0.2520 0.0178 3.388 3.406 1.270 0.002
179 0.2542 0.0177 3.406 3.423 1.293 0.002
180 0.2564 0.0177 3.423 3.441 1.315 0.002
181 0.2586 0.0176 3.441 3.458 1.338 0.002
182 0.2608 0.0176 3.458 3.476 1.361 0.002
183 0.2630 0.0175 3.476 3.493 1.384 0.002
184 0.2652 0.0175 3.493 3.511 1.407 0.002
185 0.2674 0.0174 3.511 3.528 1.430 0.002
186 0.2696 0.0174 3.528 3.546 1.453 0.002
187 0.2717 0.0173 3.545 3.563 1.477 0.002
188 0.2739 0.0173 3.563 3.580 1.500 0.002
189 0.2760 0.0172 3.580 3.597 1.524 0.002
190 0.2782 0.0172 3.597 3.614 1.548 0.002
191 0.2803 0.0171 3.614 3.631 1.572 0.002
192 0.2825 0.0171 3.631 3.648 1.596 0.002
193 0.2846 0.0170 3.648 3.665 1.620 0.002
194 0.2867 0.0170 3.665 3.682 1.644 0.002
195 0.2888 0.0169 3.682 3.699 1.668 0.002
196 0.2909 0.0169 3.699 3.716 1.693 0.002
197 0.2930 0.0168 3.716 3.733 1.717 0.002
198 0.2951 0.0168 3.733 3.749 1.742 0.002
199 0.2972 0.0167 3.749 3.766 1.766 0.002
200 0.2992 0.0167 3.766 3.783 1.791 0.002
201 0.3013 0.0166 3.782 3.799 1.816 0.002
202 0.3034 0.0166 3.799 3.816 1.840 0.002
203 0.3054 0.0165 3.816 3.832 1.865 0.002
204 0.3074 0.0165 3.832 3.848 1.890 0.002
205 0.3095 0.0164 3.848 3.865 1.915 0.002
206 0.3115 0.0164 3.865 3.881 1.940 0.002
207 0.3135 0.0163 3.881 3.897 1.966 0.002
208 0.3155 0.0163 3.897 3.914 1.991 0.002
209 0.3175 0.0162 3.914 3.930 2.016 0.002
210 0.3195 0.0162 3.930 3.946 2.041 0.002
211 0.3214 0.0161 3.946 3.962 2.066 0.002
212 0.3234 0.0161 3.962 3.978 2.092 0.002
213 0.3254 0.0160 3.978 3.994 2.117 0.002
214 0.3273 0.0160 3.994 4.010 2.142 0.002
215 0.3292 0.0159 4.010 4.026 2.168 0.002
216 0.3312 0.0159 4.026 4.042 2.193 0.002
217 0.3331 0.0158 4.042 4.058 2.219 0.002
218 0.3350 0.0158 4.057 4.073 2.244 0.002
219 0.3369 0.0158 4.073 4.089 2.270 0.002
220 0.3387 0.0157 4.089 4.105 2.295 0.002
221 0.3406 0.0157 4.105 4.120 2.320 0.002
222 0.3425 0.0156 4.120 4.136 2.346 0.002
223 0.3443 0.0156 4.136 4.151 2.371 0.002
224 0.3462 0.0155 4.151 4.167 2.397 0.002
225 0.3480 0.0155 4.167 4.182 2.422 0.002
226 0.3498 0.0154 4.182 4.198 2.448 0.002
227 0.3516 0.0154 4.198 4.213 2.473 0.002
228 0.3534 0.0154 4.213 4.228 2.499 0.002
229 0.3552 0.0153 4.228 4.244 2.524 0.002
230 0.3570 0.0153 4.244 4.259 2.549 0.002
231 0.3588 0.0152 4.259 4.274 2.575 0.002
232 0.3606 0.0152 4.274 4.289 2.600 0.002
233 0.3623 0.0152 4.289 4.304 2.625 0.002
234 0.3640 0.0151 4.304 4.319 2.650 0.002
235 0.3658 0.0151 4.319 4.335 2.676 0.002
236 0.3675 0.0150 4.334 4.349 2.701 0.002
237 0.3692 0.0150 4.349 4.364 2.726 0.002
238 0.3709 0.0149 4.364 4.379 2.751 0.002
239 0.3726 0.0149 4.379 4.394 2.776 0.002
240 0.3742 0.0149 4.394 4.409 2.801 0.002
241 0.3759 0.0148 4.409 4.424 2.826 0.002
242 0.3776 0.0148 4.424 4.439 2.851 0.002
243 0.3792 0.0148 4.439 4.453 2.876 0.002
244 0.3808 0.0147 4.453 4.468 2.901 0.002
245 0.3825 0.0147 4.468 4.483 2.926 0.002
246 0.3841 0.0146 4.483 4.497 2.950 0.002
247 0.3857 0.0146 4.497 4.512 2.975 0.002
248 0.3873 0.0146 4.512 4.526 3.000 0.002
249 0.3889 0.0145 4.526 4.541 3.024 0.002
250 0.3904 0.0145 4.541 4.555 3.049 0.002
251 0.3920 0.0144 4.555 4.570 3.073 0.002
252 0.3935 0.0144 4.570 4.584 3.097 0.002
253 0.3951 0.0144 4.584 4.598 3.122 0.002
254 0.3966 0.0143 4.598 4.613 3.146 0.002
255 0.3981 0.0143 4.613 4.627 3.170 0.002
256 0.3996 0.0143 4.627 4.641 3.194 0.001
257 0.4011 0.0142 4.641 4.655 3.218 0.001
258 0.4026 0.0142 4.655 4.669 3.242 0.001
259 0.4041 0.0142 4.669 4.684 3.266 0.001
260 0.4056 0.0141 4.684 4.698 3.290 0.001
261 0.4070 0.0141 4.698 4.712 3.313 0.001
262 0.4085 0.0141 4.712 4.726 3.337 0.001
263 0.4099 0.0140 4.726 4.740 3.360 0.001
264 0.4113 0.0140 4.740 4.754 3.384 0.001
265 0.4127 0.0140 4.754 4.768 3.407 0.001
266 0.4142 0.0139 4.768 4.781 3.431 0.001
267 0.4156 0.0139 4.781 4.795 3.454 0.001
268 0.4169 0.0139 4.795 4.809 3.477 0.001
269 0.4183 0.0138 4.809 4.823 3.500 0.001
270 0.4197 0.0138 4.823 4.837 3.523 0.001
271 0.4211 0.0138 4.837 4.850 3.546 0.001
272 0.4224 0.0137 4.850 4.864 3.569 0.001
273 0.4237 0.0137 4.864 4.878 3.591 0.001
274 0.4251 0.0137 4.878 4.891 3.614 0.001
275 0.4264 0.0136 4.891 4.905 3.636 0.001
276 0.4277 0.0136 4.905 4.919 3.659 0.001
277 0.4290 0.0136 4.919 4.932 3.681 0.001
278 0.4303 0.0135 4.932 4.946 3.703 0.001
279 0.4316 0.0135 4.946 4.959 3.726 0.001
280 0.4329 0.0135 4.959 4.973 3.748 0.001
281 0.4341 0.0134 4.972 4.986 3.770 0.001
282 0.4354 0.0134 4.986 4.999 3.792 0.001
283 0.4367 0.0134 4.999 5.013 3.813 0.001
284 0.4379 0.0134 5.013 5.026 3.835 0.001
285 0.4391 0.0133 5.026 5.039 3.857 0.001
286 0.4404 0.0133 5.039 5.053 3.878 0.001
287 0.4416 0.0133 5.053 5.066 3.900 0.001
288 0.4428 0.0132 5.066 5.079 3.921 0.001
289 0.4440 0.0132 5.079 5.092 3.942 0.001
290 0.4452 0.0132 5.092 5.105 3.963 0.001
291 0.4463 0.0132 5.105 5.118 3.985 0.001
292 0.4475 0.0131 5.118 5.132 4.006 0.001
293 0.4487 0.0131 5.132 5.145 4.026 0.001
294 0.4498 0.0131 5.145 5.158 4.047 0.001
295 0.4510 0.0130 5.158 5.171 4.068 0.001
296 0.4521 0.0130 5.171 5.184 4.089 0.001
297 0.4533 0.0130 5.184 5.197 4.109 0.001
298 0.4544 0.0130 5.197 5.210 4.130 0.001
299 0.4555 0.0129 5.210 5.222 4.150 0.001
300 0.4566 0.0129 5.222 5.235 4.170 0.001
301 0.4577 0.0129 5.235 5.248 4.190 0.001
302 0.4588 0.0129 5.248 5.261 4.210 0.001
 303 0.4599 0.0128 5.261 5.274 4.230 0.001
304 0.4610 0.0128 5.274 5.287 4.250 0.001
305 0.4621 0.0128 5.287 5.299 4.270 0.001
306 0.4631 0.0128 5.299 5.312 4.290 0.001
307 0.4642 0.0127 5.312 5.325 4.309 0.001
308 0.4652 0.0127 5.325 5.337 4.329 0.001
309 0.4663 0.0127 5.337 5.350 4.348 0.001
310 0.4673 0.0127 5.350 5.363 4.368 0.001
310.5 0.4684 0.0126 5.363 5.375 4.387 0.001
311 0.4694 0.0126 5.375 5.388 4.406 0.001
311.5 0.4704 0.0126 5.388 5.400 4.425 0.001
312 0.4714 0.0126 5.400 5.413 4.444 0.001
312.5 0.4724 0.0125 5.413 5.426 4.463 0.001
313 0.4734 0.0125 5.426 5.438 4.482 0.001
313.5 0.4744 0.0125 5.438 5.450 4.501 0.001
314 0.4754 0.0125 5.450 5.463 4.520 0.001
314.5 0.4764 0.0124 5.463 5.475 4.538 0.001
315 0.4773 0.0124 5.475 5.488 4.557 0.001
315.5 0.4783 0.0124 5.488 5.500 4.575 0.001
316 0.4792 0.0124 5.500 5.512 4.593 0.001
316.5 0.4802 0.0123 5.512 5.525 4.612 0.001
317 0.4811 0.0123 5.525 5.537 4.630 0.001
317.5 0.4821 0.0123 5.537 5.549 4.648 0.001
318 0.4830 0.0123 5.549 5.562 4.666 0.001
318.5 0.4839 0.0123 5.562 5.574 4.684 0.001
319 0.4849 0.0122 5.574 5.586 4.702 0.001
319.5 0.4858 0.0122 5.586 5.598 4.720 0.001
320 0.4867 0.0122 5.598 5.610 4.737 0.001
320.5 0.4876 0.0122 5.610 5.623 4.755 0.001
321 0.4885 0.0121 5.623 5.635 4.772 0.001
321.5 0.4894 0.0121 5.635 5.647 4.790 0.001
322 0.4903 0.0121 5.647 5.659 4.807 0.001
322.5 0.4911 0.0121 5.659 5.671 4.825 0.001
323 0.4920 0.0121 5.671 5.683 4.842 0.001
323.5 0.4929 0.0120 5.683 5.695 4.859 0.001
324 0.4938 0.0120 5.695 5.707 4.876 0.001
324.5 0.4946 0.0120 5.707 5.719 4.893 0.001
325 0.4955 0.0120 5.719 5.731 4.910 0.001
325.5 0.4963 0.0120 5.731 5.743 4.927 0.001
326 0.4972 0.0119 5.743 5.755 4.944 0.001
326.5 0.4980 0.0119 5.755 5.767 4.960 0.001
327 0.4988 0.0119 5.767 5.779 4.977 0.001
327.5 0.4997 0.0119 5.779 5.790 4.994 0.001
328 0.5005 0.0119 5.790 5.802 5.010 0.001
328.5 0.5013 0.0118 5.802 5.814 5.026 0.001
329 0.5021 0.0118 5.814 5.826 5.043 0.001
329.5 0.5029 0.0118 5.826 5.838 5.059 0.001
330 0.5038 0.0118 5.838 5.849 5.075 0.001
330.5 0.5046 0.0118 5.849 5.861 5.092 0.001
331 0.5054 0.0117 5.861 5.873 5.108 0.001
331.5 0.5061 0.0117 5.873 5.885 5.124 0.001
332 0.5069 0.0117 5.885 5.896 5.140 0.001
332.5 0.5077 0.0117 5.896 5.908 5.156 0.001
333 0.5085 0.0117 5.908 5.920 5.171 0.001
333.5 0.5093 0.0117 5.920 5.931 5.187 0.001
334 0.5100 0.0116 5.931 5.943 5.203 0.001
334.5 0.5108 0.0116 5.943 5.955 5.219 0.001
335 0.5116 0.0116 5.955 5.966 5.234 0.001
335.5 0.5123 0.0116 5.966 5.978 5.250 0.001
336 0.5131 0.0116 5.978 5.989 5.265 0.001
336.5 0.5138 0.0115 5.989 6.001 5.280 0.001
337 0.5146 0.0115 6.001 6.012 5.296 0.001
337.5 0.5153 0.0115 6.012 6.024 5.311 0.001
338 0.5161 0.0115 6.024 6.035 5.326 0.001
338.5 0.5168 0.0115 6.035 6.047 5.341 0.001
339 0.5175 0.0115 6.047 6.058 5.357 0.001
339.5 0.5182 0.0114 6.058 6.070 5.372 0.001
340 0.5190 0.0114 6.070 6.081 5.387 0.001
340.5 0.5197 0.0114 6.081 6.092 5.402 0.001
341 0.5204 0.0114 6.092 6.104 5.416 0.001
341.5 0.5211 0.0114 6.104 6.115 5.431 0.001
342 0.5218 0.0114 6.115 6.126 5.446 0.001
342.5 0.5225 0.0113 6.126 6.138 5.461 0.001
343 0.5232 0.0113 6.138 6.149 5.475 0.001
343.5 0.5239 0.0113 6.149 6.160 5.490 0.001
344 0.5246 0.0113 6.160 6.172 5.505 0.001
344.5 0.5253 0.0113 6.172 6.183 5.519 0.001
345 0.5260 0.0113 6.183 6.194 5.534 0.001
345.5 0.5267 0.0112 6.194 6.205 5.548 0.001
346 0.5274 0.0112 6.205 6.217 5.562 0.001
346.5 0.5280 0.0112 6.217 6.228 5.577 0.001
347 0.5287 0.0112 6.228 6.239 5.591 0.001
347.5 0.5294 0.0112 6.239 6.250 5.605 0.001
348 0.5301 0.0112 6.250 6.261 5.619 0.001
348.5 0.5307 0.0111 6.261 6.272 5.633 0.001
349 0.5314 0.0111 6.272 6.283 5.647 0.001
349.5 0.5320 0.0111 6.283 6.295 5.661 0.001
350 0.5327 0.0111 6.295 6.306 5.675 0.001
350.5 0.5333 0.0111 6.306 6.317 5.689 0.001
351 0.5340 0.0111 6.317 6.328 5.703 0.001
351.5 0.5346 0.0111 6.328 6.339 5.717 0.001
352 0.5353 0.0110 6.339 6.350 5.731 0.001
352.5 0.5359 0.0110 6.350 6.361 5.744 0.001
353 0.5366 0.0110 6.361 6.372 5.758 0.001
353.5 0.5372 0.0110 6.372 6.383 5.772 0.001
354 0.5378 0.0110 6.383 6.394 5.785 0.001
354.5 0.5385 0.0110 6.394 6.405 5.799 0.001
355 0.5391 0.0109 6.405 6.416 5.812 0.001
355.5 0.5397 0.0109 6.416 6.427 5.826 0.001
356 0.5403 0.0109 6.427 6.437 5.839 0.001
356.5 0.5410 0.0109 6.437 6.448 5.853 0.001
357 0.5416 0.0109 6.448 6.459 5.866 0.001
357.5 0.5422 0.0109 6.459 6.470 5.879 0.001
358 0.5428 0.0109 6.470 6.481 5.893 0.001
358.5 0.5434 0.0108 6.481 6.492 5.906 0.001
359 0.5440 0.0108 6.492 6.503 5.919 0.001
359.5 0.5446 0.0108 6.503 6.513 5.932 0.001
360 0.5452 0.0108 6.513 6.524 5.945 0.001
360.5 0.5458 0.0108 6.524 6.535 5.958 0.001
361 0.5464 0.0108 6.535 6.546 5.971 0.001
361.5 0.5470 0.0108 6.546 6.556 5.984 0.001
362 0.5476 0.0107 6.556 6.567 5.997 0.001
362.5 0.5482 0.0107 6.567 6.578 6.010 0.001
363 0.5488 0.0107 6.578 6.589 6.023 0.001
363.5 0.5494 0.0107 6.589 6.599 6.036 0.001
364 0.5500 0.0107 6.599 6.610 6.049 0.001
364.5 0.5505 0.0107 6.610 6.621 6.062 0.001
365 0.5511 0.0107 6.621 6.631 6.074 0.001
365.5 0.5517 0.0106 6.631 6.642 6.087 0.001
366 0.5523 0.0106 6.642 6.652 6.100 0.001
366.5 0.5528 0.0106 6.652 6.663 6.112 0.001
367 0.5534 0.0106 6.663 6.674 6.125 0.001
367.5 0.5540 0.0106 6.674 6.684 6.138 0.001
368 0.5545 0.0106 6.684 6.695 6.150 0.001
368.5 0.5551 0.0106 6.695 6.705 6.163 0.001
369 0.5557 0.0106 6.705 6.716 6.175 0.001
369.5 0.5562 0.0105 6.716 6.726 6.188 0.001
370 0.5568 0.0105 6.726 6.737 6.200 0.001
370.5 0.5573 0.0105 6.737 6.747 6.212 0.001
371 0.5579 0.0105 6.747 6.758 6.225 0.001
371.5 0.5584 0.0105 6.758 6.768 6.237 0.001
372 0.5590 0.0105 6.768 6.779 6.249 0.001
372.5 0.5595 0.0105 6.779 6.789 6.262 0.001
373 0.5601 0.0104 6.789 6.800 6.274 0.001
373.5 0.5606 0.0104 6.800 6.810 6.286 0.001
374 0.5612 0.0104 6.810 6.820 6.298 0.001
374.5 0.5617 0.0104 6.820 6.831 6.310 0.001
375 0.5623 0.0104 6.831 6.841 6.323 0.001
375.5 0.5628 0.0104 6.841 6.852 6.335 0.001
376 0.5633 0.0104 6.852 6.862 6.347 0.001
376.5 0.5639 0.0104 6.862 6.872 6.359 0.001
377 0.5644 0.0103 6.872 6.883 6.371 0.001
377.5 0.5649 0.0103 6.883 6.893 6.383 0.001
378 0.5654 0.0103 6.893 6.903 6.395 0.001
378.5 0.5660 0.0103 6.903 6.914 6.407 0.001
379 0.5665 0.0103 6.914 6.924 6.418 0.001
379.5 0.5670 0.0103 6.924 6.934 6.430 0.001
380 0.5675 0.0103 6.934 6.944 6.442 0.001
380.5 0.5681 0.0103 6.944 6.955 6.454 0.001
381 0.5686 0.0102 6.955 6.965 6.466 0.001
381.5 0.5691 0.0102 6.965 6.975 6.477 0.001
382 0.5696 0.0102 6.975 6.985 6.489 0.001
382.5 0.5701 0.0102 6.985 6.995 6.501 0.001
383 0.5706 0.0102 6.995 7.006 6.513 0.001
383.5 0.5712 0.0102 7.006 7.016 6.524 0.001
384 0.5717 0.0102 7.016 7.026 6.536 0.001
384.5 0.5722 0.0102 7.026 7.036 6.547 0.001
385 0.5727 0.0101 7.036 7.046 6.559 0.001
385.5 0.5732 0.0101 7.046 7.056 6.571 0.001
386 0.5737 0.0101 7.056 7.066 6.582 0.001
386.5 0.5742 0.0101 7.066 7.077 6.594 0.000
387 0.5747 0.0101 7.077 7.087 6.605 0.000
387.5 0.5752 0.0101 7.087 7.097 6.617 0.000
388 0.5757 0.0101 7.097 7.107 6.628 0.000
388.5 0.5762 0.0101 7.107 7.117 6.639 0.000
389 0.5767 0.0101 7.117 7.127 6.651 0.000
389.5 0.5772 0.0100 7.127 7.137 6.662 0.000
390 0.5777 0.0100 7.137 7.147 6.674 0.000
390.5 0.5781 0.0100 7.147 7.157 6.685 0.000
391 0.5786 0.0100 7.157 7.167 6.696 0.000
391.5 0.5791 0.0100 7.167 7.177 6.708 0.000
392 0.5796 0.0100 7.177 7.187 6.719 0.000
392.5 0.5801 0.0100 7.187 7.197 6.730 0.000
393 0.5806 0.0100 7.197 7.207 6.741 0.000
393.5 0.5811 0.0099 7.207 7.217 6.752 0.000
394 0.5815 0.0099 7.217 7.227 6.764 0.000
394.5 0.5820 0.0099 7.227 7.237 6.775 0.000
395 0.5825 0.0099 7.237 7.246 6.786 0.000
395.5 0.5830 0.0099 7.246 7.256 6.797 0.000
396 0.5834 0.0099 7.256 7.266 6.808 0.000
396.5 0.5839 0.0099 7.266 7.276 6.819 0.000
397 0.5844 0.0099 7.276 7.286 6.830 0.000
397.5 0.5849 0.0099 7.286 7.296 6.841 0.000
398 0.5853 0.0098 7.296 7.306 6.852 0.000
398.5 0.5858 0.0098 7.306 7.315 6.863 0.000
399 0.5863 0.0098 7.315 7.325 6.874 0.000
399.5 0.5867 0.0098 7.325 7.335 6.885 0.000
400 0.5872 0.0098 7.335 7.345 6.896 0.000
400.5 0.5877 0.0098 7.345 7.355 6.907 0.000
401 0.5881 0.0098 7.355 7.364 6.918 0.000
401.5 0.5886 0.0098 7.364 7.374 6.929 0.000
402 0.5891 0.0098 7.374 7.384 6.940 0.000
402.5 0.5895 0.0097 7.384 7.394 6.951 0.000
403 0.5900 0.0097 7.394 7.403 6.961 0.000
403.5 0.5904 0.0097 7.403 7.413 6.972 0.000
404 0.5909 0.0097 7.413 7.423 6.983 0.000
404.5 0.5913 0.0097 7.423 7.432 6.994 0.000
405 0.5918 0.0097 7.432 7.442 7.004 0.000
405.5 0.5922 0.0097 7.442 7.452 7.015 0.000
406 0.5927 0.0097 7.452 7.461 7.026 0.000
406.5 0.5932 0.0097 7.461 7.471 7.037 0.000
407 0.5936 0.0096 7.471 7.481 7.047 0.000
407.5 0.5941 0.0096 7.481 7.490 7.058 0.000
408 0.5945 0.0096 7.490 7.500 7.069 0.000
408.5 0.5949 0.0096 7.500 7.510 7.079 0.000
409 0.5954 0.0096 7.510 7.519 7.090 0.000
409.5 0.5958 0.0096 7.519 7.529 7.100 0.000
410 0.5963 0.0096 7.529 7.538 7.111 0.000
410.5 0.5967 0.0096 7.538 7.548 7.122 0.000
411 0.5972 0.0096 7.548 7.557 7.132 0.000
411.5 0.5976 0.0096 7.557 7.567 7.143 0.000
412 0.5980 0.0095 7.567 7.576 7.153 0.000
412.5 0.5985 0.0095 7.576 7.586 7.164 0.000
413 0.5989 0.0095 7.586 7.596 7.174 0.000
413.5 0.5994 0.0095 7.596 7.605 7.185 0.000
414 0.5998 0.0095 7.605 7.615 7.195 0.000
414.5 0.6002 0.0095 7.614 7.624 7.205 0.000
415 0.6007 0.0095 7.624 7.633 7.216 0.000
415.5 0.6011 0.0095 7.633 7.643 7.226 0.000
416 0.6015 0.0095 7.643 7.652 7.237 0.000
416.5 0.6020 0.0094 7.652 7.662 7.247 0.000
417 0.6024 0.0094 7.662 7.671 7.257 0.000
417.5 0.6028 0.0094 7.671 7.681 7.268 0.000
418 0.6032 0.0094 7.681 7.690 7.278 0.000
418.5 0.6037 0.0094 7.690 7.699 7.288 0.000
419 0.6041 0.0094 7.699 7.709 7.299 0.000
419.5 0.6045 0.0094 7.709 7.718 7.309 0.000
420 0.6049 0.0094 7.718 7.728 7.319 0.000
420.5 0.6054 0.0094 7.728 7.737 7.329 0.000
421 0.6058 0.0094 7.737 7.746 7.339 0.000
421.5 0.6062 0.0093 7.746 7.756 7.350 0.000
422 0.6066 0.0093 7.756 7.765 7.360 0.000
422.5 0.6070 0.0093 7.765 7.774 7.370 0.000
423 0.6075 0.0093 7.774 7.784 7.380 0.000
423.5 0.6079 0.0093 7.784 7.793 7.390 0.000
424 0.6083 0.0093 7.793 7.802 7.401 0.000
424.5 0.6087 0.0093 7.802 7.811 7.411 0.000
425 0.6091 0.0093 7.811 7.821 7.421 0.000
425.5 0.6095 0.0093 7.821 7.830 7.431 0.000
426 0.6100 0.0093 7.830 7.839 7.441 0.000
426.5 0.6104 0.0092 7.839 7.848 7.451 0.000
427 0.6108 0.0092 7.848 7.858 7.461 0.000
427.5 0.6112 0.0092 7.858 7.867 7.471 0.000
428 0.6116 0.0092 7.867 7.876 7.481 0.000
428.5 0.6120 0.0092 7.876 7.885 7.491 0.000
429 0.6124 0.0092 7.885 7.894 7.501 0.000
 = 41.64 sq m

= 3750 sq m

= 178.54 sq m

= 535.00 Cumecs

= 2.996 m/s

= 7.03 m

hf/ V12 = 0.24 3.00 ^2

= 0.026

= 10 kN/cu m

= 2030121 kN/sq m

=
= m/s
=
= m/s
=
= m/s
 = m

= m

= m

= sec

= sec

= sec

= 6 sec

pening factor

junction(transmitted)
Maximum head rise @ the gate

Ho = 500 f

Maximum head drop @ the gate

responding to time of closure
 235.5

-0.387

89.27

W.L(Surgpool) Tunnel surge pool

cum sec
141.150 0.000 0.000 0.000 89.166667
141.150 0.022 0.000 0.022
141.149 0.044 4.393 0.044
141.148 0.066 5.857 4.458
141.146 0.088 7.320 5.945
141.145 0.110 8.784 7.431
141.142 0.133 10.247 8.917 0.77
141.139 0.156 11.710 10.403
141.136 0.179 13.173 11.889 89.166667
141.133 0.202 14.635 13.375
141.129 0.226 16.097 14.861
141.125 0.250 17.559 16.348
141.120 0.275 19.020 17.834
141.115 0.300 20.480 19.320 0.000
141.109 0.326 21.940 20.806 1.486
141.104 0.352 23.400 22.292 2.972
141.097 0.378 24.859 23.778 4.458
141.091 0.406 26.317 25.265 5.944
141.084 0.434 27.774 26.751 7.431
141.076 0.462 29.231 28.237 8.917
141.068 0.492 30.687 29.723 10.403
141.060 0.522 32.142 31.209 11.889
141.052 0.553 33.597 32.695 13.375
141.043 0.585 35.050 34.181 14.861
141.033 0.617 36.503 35.668 16.347
141.024 0.651 37.955 37.154 17.833
141.014 0.685 39.405 38.640 19.319
141.003 0.721 40.855 40.126 20.806
140.992 0.757 42.304 41.612 22.292
140.981 0.795 43.751 43.098 23.778
140.969 0.833 45.198 44.584 25.264
140.957 0.873 46.643 46.071 26.750
140.945 0.914 48.087 47.557 28.236
140.932 0.956 49.530 49.043 29.722
140.919 0.999 50.972 50.529 31.208
140.905 1.043 52.412 52.015 32.694
140.891 1.089 53.851 53.501 34.181
140.877 1.136 55.289 54.987 35.667
140.862 1.185 56.725 56.474 37.153
140.847 1.235 58.160 57.960 38.639
140.831 1.286 59.593 59.446 40.125
140.815 1.339 61.025 60.932 41.611
140.799 1.393 62.456 62.418 43.097
140.783 1.449 63.884 63.904 44.583
140.766 1.506 65.311 65.390 46.069
140.748 1.565 66.737 66.877 47.556
140.730 1.626 68.161 68.363 49.042
140.712 1.688 69.583 69.849 50.528
140.694 1.752 71.003 71.335 52.014
140.675 1.818 72.422 72.821 53.500
140.655 1.885 73.839 74.307 54.986
140.636 1.955 75.254 75.793 56.472
140.616 2.026 76.667 77.280 57.958
140.595 2.099 78.078 78.766 59.444
140.574 2.174 79.487 80.252 60.931
140.553 2.251 80.894 81.738 62.417
140.532 2.330 82.299 83.224 63.903
140.510 2.411 83.702 84.710 65.389
140.487 2.494 85.103 86.197 66.875
140.465 2.580 86.502 87.683 68.361
140.442 2.667 87.898 89.169 69.847
140.418 2.755 86.324 90.653 71.333
140.395 2.845 86.232 89.169 72.819
140.372 2.937 86.138 89.169 74.306
140.349 3.030 86.042 89.169 75.792
140.327 3.126 85.944 89.169 77.278
140.304 3.224 85.845 89.169 78.764
140.281 3.324 85.743 89.169 80.250
140.258 3.426 85.639 89.169 81.736
140.235 3.530 85.533 89.169 83.222
140.212 3.635 85.426 89.169 84.708
140.189 3.743 85.316 89.169 86.194
140.167 3.852 85.205 89.169 87.681
140.144 3.964 85.092 89.169 89.167
140.121 4.077 84.976 89.169
140.099 4.192 84.859 89.169
140.076 4.309 84.740 89.169
140.053 4.428 84.619 89.169
140.031 4.549 84.497 89.169
140.008 4.672 -84.372 89.168
139.986 4.796 84.246 -79.576
139.963 4.922 84.118 89.168
139.941 5.050 83.988 89.168
139.919 5.180 83.857 89.168
139.896 5.312 83.723 89.168
139.874 5.445 83.588 89.168 139.879
139.852 5.580 83.452 89.168
139.829 5.717 83.313 89.168
139.807 5.86 83.173 89.168
139.785 6.00 83.031 89.168
139.763 6.14 82.888 89.168 8.472
139.741 6.28 82.743 89.168
139.719 6.43 82.596 89.168
139.697 6.57 82.448 89.168
139.675 6.72 82.298 89.168
139.653 6.87 82.147 89.168
139.631 7.02 81.994 89.168
139.609 7.17 81.839 89.168
139.587 7.33 81.683 89.168
139.565 7.48 81.526 89.168
139.544 7.64 81.367 89.168
139.522 7.80 81.207 89.168
139.500 7.96 81.045 89.168
139.479 8.12 80.882 89.168
139.457 8.29 80.718 89.168
139.435 8.45 80.552 89.168
139.414 8.62 80.385 89.168
139.393 8.78 80.216 89.168
139.371 8.95 80.047 89.168
139.350 9.12 79.876 89.168
139.329 9.29 79.703 89.168
139.307 9.46 79.530 89.168
139.286 9.64 79.355 89.168
139.265 9.81 79.180 89.168
139.244 9.99 79.003 89.168
139.223 10.17 78.825 89.168
139.202 10.34 78.646 89.168
139.181 10.52 78.465 89.168
139.160 10.70 78.284 89.168
139.139 10.88 78.102 89.168
139.118 11.07 77.919 89.168
139.097 11.25 77.735 89.168
139.077 11.43 77.549 89.168
139.056 11.62 77.363 89.168
139.035 11.80 77.176 89.168
139.015 11.99 76.989 89.168
138.994 12.18 76.800 89.168
138.974 12.37 76.610 89.168
138.953 12.56 76.420 89.167
138.933 12.75 76.229 89.167
138.913 12.94 76.037 89.167
138.892 13.13 75.845 89.167
138.872 13.32 75.652 89.167
138.852 13.52 75.458 89.167
138.832 13.71 75.263 89.167
138.812 13.90 75.068 89.167
138.792 14.10 74.873 89.167
138.772 14.29 74.677 89.167
138.752 14.49 74.480 89.167
138.732 14.69 74.283 89.167
138.712 14.88 74.085 89.167
138.692 15.08 73.887 89.167
138.673 15.28 73.688 89.167
138.653 15.48 73.489 89.167
138.633 15.68 73.290 89.167
138.614 15.88 73.090 89.167
138.594 16.08 72.890 89.167
138.575 16.28 72.690 89.167
138.556 16.48 72.490 89.167
138.536 16.68 72.289 89.167
138.517 16.88 72.088 89.167
138.498 17.08 71.887 89.167
138.479 17.28 71.685 89.167
138.459 17.48 71.484 89.167
138.440 17.68 71.282 89.167
138.421 17.88 71.081 89.167
138.402 18.09 70.879 89.167
138.384 18.29 70.677 89.167
138.365 18.49 70.475 89.167
138.346 18.69 70.274 89.167
138.327 18.89 70.072 89.167
138.308 19.09 69.870 89.167
138.290 19.30 69.669 89.167
138.271 19.50 69.467 89.167
138.253 19.70 69.266 89.167
138.234 19.90 69.064 89.167
138.216 20.10 68.863 89.167 143.78
138.197 20.30 68.662 89.166 143.78
138.179 20.50 68.462 89.166
138.161 20.70 68.261 89.166
138.143 20.91 68.061 89.166
138.125 21.11 67.861 89.166
138.106 21.31 67.662 89.166
138.088 21.50 67.462 89.166
138.070 21.70 67.264 89.166
138.052 21.90 67.065 89.166
138.035 22.10 66.867 89.166
138.017 22.30 66.669 89.166
137.999 22.50 66.472 89.166
137.981 22.69 66.275 89.166
137.964 22.89 66.078 89.166
137.946 23.09 65.882 89.166
137.928 23.28 65.687 89.166
137.911 23.48 65.492 89.166
137.893 23.67 65.297 89.166
137.876 23.87 65.103 89.166
137.859 24.06 64.910 89.166
137.841 24.26 64.717 89.166
137.824 24.45 64.525 89.166
137.807 24.64 64.333 89.166
137.790 24.83 64.142 89.166
137.773 25.02 63.952 89.166
137.756 25.21 63.762 89.166
137.739 25.40 63.573 89.166
137.722 25.59 63.384 89.166
137.705 25.78 63.197 89.166
137.688 25.97 63.010 89.166
137.671 26.16 62.823 89.166
137.654 26.34 62.638 89.166
137.638 26.53 62.453 89.166
137.621 26.71 62.269 89.166
137.604 26.90 62.085 89.166
137.588 27.08 61.903 89.166
137.571 27.26 61.721 89.166
137.555 27.44 61.540 89.166
137.538 27.63 61.360 89.166
137.522 27.81 61.181 89.166
137.506 27.99 61.002 89.166
137.489 28.16 60.824 89.166
137.473 28.34 60.647 89.166
137.457 28.52 60.471 89.166
137.441 28.69 60.296 89.166
137.425 28.87 60.122 89.166
137.409 29.04 59.948 89.166
137.393 29.22 59.776 89.166
137.377 29.39 59.604 89.166
137.361 29.56 59.433 89.166
137.345 29.73 59.263 89.166
137.329 29.90 59.094 89.166
137.314 30.07 58.926 89.166
137.298 30.24 58.759 89.166
137.282 30.41 58.592 89.166
137.267 30.57 58.427 89.166
137.251 30.74 58.262 89.166
137.235 30.90 58.099 89.166
137.220 31.07 57.936 89.166
137.204 31.23 57.774 89.166
137.189 31.39 57.613 89.166
137.174 31.55 57.453 89.166
137.158 31.71 57.295 89.166
137.143 31.87 57.136 89.166
137.128 32.03 56.979 89.166
137.113 32.19 56.823 89.166
137.098 32.34 56.668 89.166
137.082 32.50 56.514 89.166
137.067 32.65 56.360 89.166
137.052 32.81 56.208 89.166
137.037 32.96 56.057 89.166
137.022 33.11 55.906 89.166
137.007 33.26 55.757 89.166
136.993 33.41 55.608 89.166 137.175
136.978 33.56 55.460
136.963 33.71 55.314
136.948 33.85 55.168
136.934 34.00 55.023
136.919 34.14 54.879
136.904 34.29 54.736
136.890 34.43 54.594
136.875 34.57 54.453
136.861 34.71 54.313
136.846 34.85 54.174
136.832 34.99 54.035
136.817 35.13 53.898
136.803 35.27 53.761
136.789 35.40 53.626
136.774 35.54 53.491
136.760 35.67 53.357
136.746 35.81 53.225
136.732 35.94 53.093
136.717 36.07 52.962
136.703 36.20 52.831
136.689 36.33 52.702
136.675 36.46 52.574
136.661 36.59 52.446
136.647 36.72 52.320
136.633 36.85 52.194
136.619 36.97 52.069
136.605 37.10 51.945
136.591 37.22 51.822
136.578 37.34 51.700
136.564 37.47 51.578
136.550 37.59 51.458
136.536 37.71 51.338
136.523 37.83 51.219
136.509 37.95 51.101
136.495 38.06 50.984
136.482 38.18 50.867
136.468 38.30 50.752
136.455 38.41 50.637
136.441 38.53 50.523
136.428 38.64 50.410
136.414 38.76 50.297
136.401 38.87 50.186
136.388 38.98 50.075
136.374 39.09 49.965
136.361 39.20 49.855
136.348 39.31 49.747
136.334 39.42 49.639
136.321 39.53 49.532
136.308 39.63 49.426
136.295 39.74 49.320
136.281 39.85 49.216
136.268 39.95 49.111
136.255 40.05 49.008
136.242 40.16 48.905
136.229 40.26 48.804
136.216 40.36 48.702
136.203 40.46 48.602
136.190 40.56 48.502
136.177 40.66 48.403
136.164 40.76 48.304
136.151 40.86 545
136.139 40.96
136.126 41.06
136.113 41.15
136.100 41.25
136.087 41.34
136.075 41.44
136.062 41.53
136.049 41.63
136.037 41.72
136.024 41.81
136.011 41.90
135.999 41.99
135.986 42.08
135.974 42.17
135.961 42.26
135.949 42.35
135.936 42.44
135.924 42.52
135.911 42.61
135.899 42.70
135.887 42.78
135.874 42.87
135.862 42.95
135.850 43.04
135.837 43.12
135.825 43.20
135.813 43.28
135.801 43.37
135.789 43.45
135.776 43.53
135.764 43.61
135.752 43.69
135.740 43.77
135.728 43.84
135.716 43.92
135.704 44.00
135.692 44.08
135.680 44.15
135.668 44.23
135.656 44.31
135.644 44.38
135.632 44.46
135.620 44.53
135.608 44.61
135.596 44.68
135.584 44.75
135.573 44.83
135.561 44.90
135.549 44.97
135.537 45.04
135.526 45.11
135.514 45.18
135.502 45.25
135.490 45.32
135.479 45.39
135.467 45.46
135.455 45.53
135.444 45.60
135.432 45.67
135.421 45.74
135.409 45.80
135.398 45.87
135.386 45.94
135.375 46.00
135.363 46.07
135.352 46.13
135.340 46.20
135.329 46.26
135.317 46.33
135.306 46.39
135.294 46.46
135.283 46.52
135.272 46.58
135.260 46.65
135.249 46.71
135.238 46.77
135.226 46.83
135.215 46.89
135.204 46.96
135.193 47.02
135.181 47.08
135.170 47.14
135.159 47.20
135.148 47.26
135.137 47.32
135.126 47.38
135.114 47.44
135.103 47.50
135.092 47.55
135.081 47.61
135.070 47.67
135.059 47.73
135.048 47.79
135.037 47.84
135.026 47.90
135.015 47.96
135.004 48.01
134.993 48.07
134.982 48.12
134.971 48.18
134.960 48.24
134.949 48.29
134.938 48.35
134.928 48.40
134.917 48.46
134.906 48.51
134.895 48.56
134.884 48.62
134.873 48.67
134.863 48.73
134.852 48.78
134.841 48.83
134.830 48.88
134.820 48.94
134.809 48.99
134.798 49.04
134.788 49.09
134.777 49.15
134.766 49.20
134.756 49.25
134.745 49.30
134.734 49.35
134.724 49.40
134.713 49.45
134.703 49.50
134.692 49.55
134.681 49.60
134.671 49.65
134.660 49.70
134.650 49.75
134.639 49.80
134.629 49.85
134.618 49.90
134.608 49.95
134.598 50.00
134.587 50.05
134.577 50.10
134.566 50.14
134.556 50.19
134.546 50.24
134.535 50.29
134.525 50.34
134.514 50.38
134.504 50.43
134.494 50.48
134.484 50.52
134.473 50.57
134.463 50.62
134.453 50.66
134.442 50.71
134.432 50.76
134.422 50.80
134.412 50.85
134.402 50.90
134.391 50.94
134.381 50.99
134.371 51.03
134.361 51.08
134.351 51.12
134.341 51.17
134.330 51.21
134.320 51.26
134.310 51.30
134.300 51.35
134.290 51.39
134.280 51.43
134.270 51.48
134.260 51.52
134.250 51.57
134.240 51.61 -229
134.230 51.65
134.220 51.70
134.210 51.74
134.200 51.78
134.190 51.83
134.180 51.87
134.170 51.91
134.160 51.96
134.150 52.00
134.140 52.04 129.930
134.130 52.08 143.321
134.121 52.13 0.000 165.029
134.111 52.17 0.000 120.152
134.101 52.21 0.000
134.091 52.25
134.081 52.29 -23.169
134.071 52.34
134.062 52.38
134.052 52.42
134.042 52.46 21.708
134.032 52.50
134.022 52.54
134.013 52.58
134.003 52.63
133.993 52.67
133.983 52.71
133.974 52.75
133.964 52.79
133.954 52.83
133.945 52.87
133.935 52.91
133.925 52.95
133.916 52.99
133.906 53.03
133.896 53.07
133.887 53.11
133.877 53.15
133.868 53.19
133.858 53.23
133.848 53.27
133.839 53.31
133.829 53.35
133.820 53.39
133.810 53.43
133.801 53.47
133.791 53.50
133.782 53.54
133.772 53.58
133.763 53.62
133.753 53.66
133.744 53.70
133.734 53.74
133.725 53.77
133.716 53.81
133.706 53.85
133.697 53.89
133.687 53.93
133.678 53.97
133.669 54.00
133.659 54.04
133.650 54.08
133.641 54.12
133.631 54.15
133.622 54.19
133.613 54.23
133.603 54.27
133.594 54.30
133.585 54.34
133.575 54.38
133.566 54.41
133.557 54.45
133.548 54.49
133.538 54.52
133.529 54.56
133.520 54.60
133.511 54.63
133.502 54.67
0.449833

0.000
1.486
 2.972
4.458
5.944
7.431
8.917
10.403
11.889
13.375
14.861
16.347
17.833
19.319
20.806
22.292
23.778
25.264
26.750
28.236
29.722
31.208
32.694
34.181
35.667
37.153
38.639
40.125
41.611
43.097
44.583
46.069
47.556
49.042
50.528 100 397.138
52.014 125 397.271
53.500
54.986 110
56.472 -15 -0.133
57.958 0.4
59.444 0.0532
60.931 397.1912
62.417 3.95
63.903
65.389
66.875
68.361
69.847
71.333 20
72.819
74.306
75.792 0.0299+x = 0.03137
77.278
78.764
80.250 x= 0.00147
81.736
83.222
84.708
86.194
87.681 0.03137
89.167

0.00104 (0.968-x) = 0.0015

1.448777

0.480777
-21.708
44.877
23.169
 BFV-BROWN (Elastic water column theory)

Pressure rise in the pipe adjacent to the gate α change in velocity of water @ gate @ the instant of gate movement

H - Ho = -a/g(V-Vo) 177
Δh = -(a/g)ΔV 162.25 0.0487 8.1125
L = conduit length = 5000 f 147.5 0.0491 7.375
conduit diameter = 15 f 132.75 0.0496 6.6375
conduit area = 177 sq f 118 0.0503 5.9
valve closure time = 10 secs 103.25 0.0511 5.1625
Initial conduit velocity v = 12 f/s 88.5 4.425
wave velocity a = 3000 f/s 73.75 3.6875
Initial head Ho = 1000 f 59 2.95
initial discharge Q = 2124 cu f/s 44.25 2.2125
29.5 1.475
Sub multiple of L/a = L/2a 14.75
= 0.833 sec 0
Δv (m/s) = -g Δh Δt
Δx
Δx = Length of conduit traversed by the water hammer wave in time Δt
= a Δt
= 3000 x 0.84 f
Δx = @ t = L/2a
= L/2
= 2500 f

Δh1 = (a/g) x Δv1

col 4 , Δv = Δh x 32.2 x 0.83 = 0.0107 Δh . 2007.00 2006.4 0.55

 2500 0.6974 1882.57 1879.04 3.54
0.7725 1746.28 1744.32 1.97
Δh = 93.20 Δv 0.8798 1590.52 1602.65 -12.12
1.1265 1388.74 1391.88 -3.14
Q = A (vo + Σ Δv) 1.1802 1180.77 1183.55 -2.78
1.1802 972.79 972.70 0.10
Ho + Δh = Pressure existing @ the end of one cycle 1.1587 765.53 759.91 5.62
1.1051 570.47 574.12 -3.65
Δv = velocity destroyed during each cycle 1.0729 381.44 384.38 -2.94
1.0514 194.17 193.97 0.19
Q = (Qo Av / Avo) (Ho + Σ h)/Ho 1.0997 0.00 0.00 0.00

(Av / Avo) = Area of gate opening

Area of penstock

Gate opening factor = Bo = Cd (Av / Avo) 2g

Vo = Bo x Ho

Cd = Coefficient of discharge of the turbine (H-Ho) vs Time

Vo = Penstock velocity in m/sec @ gate opening Ao

400.0

Ho = head operating on the turbine 300.0

200.0
For uniform gate opening
100.0

B = (1-t/T) Bo ; where T is the time of closure & Bo is the initial gate 0.0

opening factor -100.0

Vo = B x Ho -200.0

-300.0
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
 0.0

-100.0

-200.0

-300.0
col 4 , Δv 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
= Δh
0.0107

v = -aB2/(2g) +(B/2) (aB/g)2 +4(Ho+(avo/g)+2f) Q @ outlet vs Time

= -5.99 + 96.64 X 0.18 = 11.34 0.00

2500
-4.23 + 91.31 X 0.15 = 9.53 0.83
-2.89 + 86.44 X 0.12 = 7.87 1.67 2000
-1.89 + 82.03 X 0.10 = 6.38 2.50
-1.18 + 78.09 X 0.08 = 5.04 3.33 1500
-0.69 + 77.86 X 0.06 = 4.06 4.17
-0.37 + 75.14 X 0.04 = 2.99 5.00 1000

-0.18 + 73.10 X 0.03 = 2.09 5.83

500
-0.07 + 71.69 X 0.02 = 1.35 6.67
-0.02 + 67.91 X 0.01 = 0.74 7.50 0
0.00 + 66.92 X 0.00 = 0.33 8.33 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

0.00 + 65.83 x 0.00 = 0.08 9.17

0.00 + 64.87 x 0.00 = 0.00 10.00

Cd Av vs Time Total Head vs Time

1400
9.000

8.000 1200

7.000
1000
6.000
800
5.000

4.000 600

3.000 400
2.000
200
1.000
0
0.000
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00
6.000
800
5.000

4.000 600

3.000 400
2.000
200
1.000
0
0.000
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11
TIME (SEC) INTERVAL(ΔtΔh @ value(m) Δv (m/s) v Q = A v 2 Δh (m)TOTAL HEADVALVE(1-t/T) Q @ TOTAL HEAD-INITIAL HEAD
(Ho+h) m OPENING OUTLET
0.00 0 0 - 12.000 2124 - 1000.0 1.000 2124 0.0
0.83 0.833 62.00 -0.661 11.339 2007 - 1062.0 0.917 2006 62.0
1.67 0.833 65.00 -0.703 10.636 1883 - 1127.0 0.833 1879 127.0
2.50 0.833 72.00 -0.770 9.866 1746 - 1199.0 0.750 1744 199.0
3.33 0.833 82.00 -0.880 8.986 1591 - 1281.0 0.667 1603 281.0
4.17 0.833 105.00 -1.140 7.846 1389 -124 1262.0 0.583 1392 262.0
5.00 0.833 110.00 -1.175 6.671 1181 -130 1242.0 0.500 1184 242.0
5.83 0.833 110.00 -1.175 5.496 973 -144 1208.0 0.417 973 208.0
6.67 0.833 108.00 -1.171 4.325 766 -164 1152.0 0.333 760 152.0
7.50 0.833 103.00 -1.102 3.223 570 -86 1169.0 0.250 574 169.0
8.33 0.833 100.00 -1.068 2.155 381 -90 1179.0 0.167 384 179.0
9.17 0.833 98.00 -1.058 1.097 194 -76 1201.0 0.083 194 201.0
10.00 0.833 102.50 -1.097 0.000 0 -52 1251.5 0.000 0 251.5
11.67 1.667 Valve closure @ time t= 10 secs -230 1021.5 0.000 0 21.5
13.33 1.667 - - - - -273 748.5 0.000 0 -251.5
15.00 1.667 - - - - 230 978.5 0.000 0 -21.5
16.67 1.667 - - - - 273 1251.5 0.000 0 251.5
18.33 1.667 - - - - -230 1021.5 0.000 0 21.5
20.00 1.667 - - - - -273 748.5 0.000 0 -251.5
21.67 1.667 - - - - 230 978.5 0.000 0 -21.5
23.33 1.667 - - - - 273 1251.5 0.000 0 251.5
 0 Vo
0.00 0.00
0 VALVE TO CISTERN 1
Vo 62.00
0.83 L/2a
62 VALVE TO CISTERN 2
Vo 65.00
1.67 L/a
1 ST CYCLE 127 VALVE TO CISTERN 3
Vo 72.00
2.50 3L/2a
199 CISTERN TO VALVE 4
82.00 Vo
3.33 2L/a
281 CISTERN TO VALVE 5
105.00 Vo
4.17 5L/2a
262 VALVE TO CISTERN 6
Vo 110.00
5.00 3L/a
242 VALVE TO CISTERN 7
Vo 110.00 2 ND CYCLE
5.83 7L/2a
208 VALVE TO CISTERN 8
108.00 Vo
6.67 4L/a
152 CISTERN TO VALVE 9
103.00 Vo
7.50 9L/2a
169 CISTERN TO VALVE 10
100.00 Vo
8.33 5L/a
179 VALVE TO CISTERN 11
Vo 98.00 3 RD HALF CYCLE
9.17 11L/2a
201 VALVE TO CISTERN 12
Vo 102.50
10.00 6L/a
252 VALVE TO CISTERN 13
11.67 7L/a
0.5536
 3.5355
1.9652
-12.12
60.577
9.1928
10.215
13.91
-9.754
-6.998
-1.814
0

.00 20.00 25.00

.00 20.00 25.00

me

00 20.00 25.00

20.00 25.00
20.00 25.00
Cd Av Bo B

7.907 0.358 0.358 0 0.045

7.248 0.329 0.301 -1 0.045
6.589 0.299 0.249 -4 0.045
5.930 0.269 0.202 -2 0.045
5.271 0.239 0.159 12 0.045
4.612 0.209 0.122 3 0.045
3.953 0.179 0.090 3 0.045
3.294 0.149 0.062 0 0.045
2.636 0.119 0.040 -6 0.045
1.977 0.090 0.022 4 0.045
1.318 0.060 0.010 3 0.045
0.659 0.030 0.002 0 0.045
0 0 0 0 0.000
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
 Vo 62.00
1.67
Vo 62.00 Vo 65.00
2.50 2.50
62.00 Vo 65.00 Vo 72.00 Vo
3.33 3.33 3.33
62.00 Vo 65.00 Vo 72.00 Vo 82.00 Vo
4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17
Vo 65.00 Vo 72.00 Vo 82.00
5.00 5.00 5.00
Vo 72.00 Vo 82.00
5.83 5.83
Vo 82.00
6.67
 BFV-BROWN (Elastic water column theory)

Pressure rise in the pipe adjacent to the gate α change in velocity of water @ gate @

H - Ho = -a/g(V-Vo)
Δh = -(a/g)ΔV
L = conduit length = 5000 f
conduit diameter = 15 f
conduit area = 177 sq f
valve closure time = 10 secs
Initial conduit velocity v = 12 f/s
wave velocity a = 3000 f/s
Initial head Ho = 1000 f
initial discharge Q = 2124 cu f/s

Sub multiple of L/a = L/2a

= 0.833 sec
Δv (m/s) = -g Δh Δt
Δx
Δx = Length of conduit traversed by the water hammer wave in time
= a Δt
= 3000 x 0.84 f
Δx = @ t = L/2a
= L/2
= 2500 f

Δh1 = (a/g) x Δv1

col 4 , Δv = Δh x 32.2 x 0.83 = 0.0107 Δh

2500
Δh = 93.20 Δv

Q = A (vo + Σ Δv)

Ho + Δh = Pressure existing @ the end of one cycle

Δv = velocity destroyed during each cycle

Q = (Qo Av / Avo) (Ho + Σ h)/Ho

(Av / Avo) = Area of gate opening

Area of penstock

Gate opening factor = Bo = Cd (Av / Avo) 2g

Vo = Bo x Ho

Cd = Coefficient of discharge of the turbine

Vo = Penstock velocity in m/sec @ gate opening Ao

Ho = head operating on the turbine

For uniform gate opening

B = (1-t/T) Bo ; where T is the time of closure & Bo is the initial gate

opening factor
Vo = B x Ho

col 4 , Δv
= Δh
0.0107
v = -aB2/(2g) +(B/2) (aB/g)2 +4(Ho+(avo/g)+2f)

= -5.99 + 96.64 X 0.18 = 11.34 0.00

-4.23 + 91.31 X 0.15 = 9.53 0.83
-2.89 + 86.44 X 0.12 = 7.87 1.67
-1.89 + 82.03 X 0.10 = 6.38 2.50
-1.18 + 78.09 X 0.08 = 5.04 3.33
-0.69 + 76.57 X 0.06 = 3.98 4.17
0.00 + 63.25 X 0.00 = 0.00 5.00
0.00 + 63.25 X 0.00 = 0.00 5.83
0.00 + 63.25 X 0.00 = 0.00 6.67
0.00 + 63.25 X 0.00 = 0.00 7.50
0.00 + 63.25 X 0.00 = 0.00 8.33
0.00 + 63.25 x 0.00 = 0.00 9.17
0.00 + 63.25 x 0.00 = 0.00 10.00

Cd Av vs Time

9.000

8.000

7.000

6.000

5.000

4.000

3.000

2.000

1.000

0.000
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
TIME (SEC) INTERVAL(ΔtΔh @ value(m) Δv (m/s) v Q = A v 2 Δh (m)
0.00 0 0 - 12.000 2124 -
0.83 0.833 37.00 -0.661 11.339 2007 -
1.67 0.833 65.00 -0.703 10.636 1883 -
2.50 0.833 72.00 -0.770 9.866 1746 -
3.33 0.833 82.00 -0.880 8.986 1591 -
4.17 0.833 80.00 -1.140 7.846 1389 -74

0 Vo
0.00 0.00

Vo 37.00
0.83 L/2a
Vo 65.00
1.67 L/a

Vo 72.00
2.50 3L/2a
 82.00 Vo
3.33 2L/a
80.00 Vo
4.17 5L/2a

Vo 0.00
5.00 3L/a

Vo 0.00 2 ND CYC
5.83 7L/2a

0.00 Vo
6.67 4L/a

0.00 Vo
7.50 9L/2a

0.00 Vo
8.33 5L/a

Vo 0.00 3 RD HALF
9.17 11L/2a

Vo 0.00
10.00 6L/a

11.67 7L/a
of water @ gate @ the instant of gate movement

177
162.25 0.0487 8.1125
147.5 0.0491 7.375
132.75 0.0496 6.6375
118 0.0503 5.9
103.25 0.0511 5.1625
88.5 4.425
73.75 3.6875
59 2.95
44.25 2.2125
29.5 1.475
14.75
0

mer wave in time Δt

. 2007.00 1982.7 24.31 0.5536

0.6974 1882.57 1858.08 24.49 3.5355
0.7725 1746.28 1726.04 20.25 1.9652
0.8798 1590.52 1586.93 3.59 -12.12
0.8583 1388.74 1391.88 -3.14 60.577
0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.1928
0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.215
0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.91
0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 -9.754
0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 -6.998
0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 -1.814
0.0000 0.00 0.00 0.00 0

(H-Ho) vs Time

400.0

300.0

200.0

100.0

0.0

-100.0

-200.0

-300.0
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

Q @ outlet vs Time
 Q @ outlet vs Time

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

Total Head vs Time

1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

9 10 11
TOTAL HEADVALVE(1-t/T) Q @ TOTAL HEAD-INITIAL HEADCd Av Bo
(Ho+h) m OPENING OUTLET
1000.0 1.000 2124 0.0 7.907 0.358
1037.0 0.917 1983 37.0 7.248 0.329
1102.0 0.833 1858 102.0 6.589 0.299
1174.0 0.750 1726 174.0 5.930 0.269
1256.0 0.667 1587 256.0 5.271 0.239
1262.0 0.583 1392 262.0 4.612 0.209

0 VALVE TO CISTERN 1

37 VALVE TO CISTERN 2
Vo
1 ST CYCLE 102 VALVE TO CISTERN 3
Vo
174 CISTERN TO VALVE 4
 37.00
256 CISTERN TO VALVE 5
37.00
262 VALVE TO CISTERN 6

132 VALVE TO CISTERN 7

2 ND CYCLE
-12 VALVE TO CISTERN 8

-176 CISTERN TO VALVE 9

-262 CISTERN TO VALVE 10

-132 VALVE TO CISTERN 11

3 RD HALF CYCLE
12 VALVE TO CISTERN 12

176 VALVE TO CISTERN 13

25.00
B
0.358 0 0.045
0.301 -24 0.045
0.249 -24 0.045
0.202 -20 0.045
0.159 -4 0.045
0.122 3 0.045
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

37.00
1.67
37.00 Vo 65.00
2.50 2.50
 Vo 65.00 Vo 72.00 Vo
3.33 3.33
Vo 65.00 Vo 72.00 Vo
4.17 4.17
Vo 65.00 Vo 72.00
5.00
Vo 72.00
3.33
82.00 Vo
4.17 4.17
Vo 82.00
5.00 5.00
Vo 82.00
5.83 5.83
Vo 82.00
6.67
 BFV-BROWN (Elastic water column theory)

Pressure rise in the pipe adjacent to the gate α change in velocity of water @ gate @

H - Ho = -a/g(V-Vo)
Δh = -(a/g)ΔV
L = conduit length = 40 f
conduit diameter = 15 f
conduit area = 41 sq f
valve closure time = 10 secs
Initial conduit velocity v = 1.95 f/s
wave velocity a = 1411 f/s
Initial head Ho = 103 f
initial discharge Q = 72.2 cu f/s

Sub multiple of L/a = L/2a

= 0.014 sec
Δv (m/s) = -g Δh Δt
Δx
Δx = Length of conduit traversed by the water hammer wave in time
= a Δt
= 1411 x 0.02 f
Δx = @ t = L/2a
= L/2
= 20 f

Δh1 = (a/g) x Δv1

col 4 , Δv = Δh x 32.2 x 0.83 = 0.0107 Δh

2500
Δh = 93.20 Δv

Q = A (vo + Σ Δv)

Ho + Δh = Pressure existing @ the end of one cycle

Δv = velocity destroyed during each cycle

Q = (Qo Av / Avo) (Ho + Σ h)/Ho

(Av / Avo) = Area of gate opening

Area of penstock

Gate opening factor = Bo = Cd (Av / Avo) 2g

Vo = Bo x Ho

Cd = Coefficient of discharge of the turbine

Vo = Penstock velocity in m/sec @ gate opening Ao

Ho = head operating on the turbine

For uniform gate opening

B = (1-t/T) Bo ; where T is the time of closure & Bo is the initial gate

opening factor
Vo = B x Ho

col 4 , Δv
= Δh
0.0107
v = -aB2/(2g) +(B/2) (aB/g)2 +4(Ho+(avo/g)+2f)

= -53.41 + 117.25 X 0.78 = 38.12

-44.75 + 110.70 X 0.71 = 34.36
-36.88 + 104.09 X 0.65 = 30.64
-29.79 + 97.39 X 0.58 = 26.99
-23.47 + 90.58 X 0.52 = 23.41
-17.92 + 83.69 X 0.45 = 19.92
-13.13 + 102.82 X 0.39 = 26.67
-9.09 + 104.59 X 0.32 = 24.59
-5.80 + 106.34 X 0.26 = 21.56
-3.25 + 102.88 X 0.19 = 16.57
-1.45 + 68.14 X 0.13 = 7.31
-0.36 + 115.89 x 0.06 = 7.07
0.00 + 169.51 x 0.00 = 0.00

Cd Av vs Time

9.000

8.000

7.000

6.000

5.000

4.000

3.000

2.000

1.000

0.000
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00

1 2 3 4 5 6
TIME (SEC) INTERVAL(ΔtΔh @ value(m) Δv (m/s) v Q= Av
0.000 0 0.00 - 1.950 79
0.014 0.014 1.10 -0.012 1.938 79
0.028 0.014 590.00 4.392 6.330 257
0.043 0.014 770.00 1.931 8.261 336
0.057 0.014 942.00 1.845 10.107 411
0.071 0.014 970.00 0.300 10.407 423
0.085 0.014 925.00 -0.483 9.924 403
0.099 0.014 2304.50 14.801 24.725 1005
0.113 0.014 4482.00 23.362 48.088 1954
0.128 0.014 103.00 -46.982 1.105 45
0.128 0.000 100.00 1.050 2.155 88
0.142 0.014 98.00 -1.058 1.097 45
0.156 0.014 102.50 -1.097 0.000 0

0 Vo
0.000 0.00

Vo 1.10
0.014 L/2a
Vo 590.00
0.028 L/a

Vo 770.00
0.043 3L/2a
 942.00 Vo
0.057 2L/a
970.00 Vo
0.071 5L/2a

Vo 925.00
0.085 3L/a

Vo 2304.50
0.099 7L/2a

4482.00 Vo
0.113 4L/a

103.00 Vo
0.128 9L/2a

100.00 Vo
0.142 5L/a

Vo 98.00
0.156 11L/2a

Vo 102.50
0.170 6L/a

0.198 7L/a

0.014 1
0.028 2
0.042 3
0.168 4
0.07 5
0.42 6
0.098 7
0.784 8
0.126 9
 1.26 10
0.154 11
1.848 12
0.182 13
2.548 14
0.21 15
3.36 16
0.238 17
4.284 18
0.266 19
5.32 20
0.294 21
n theory)

velocity of water @ gate @ the instant of gate movement

ter hammer wave in time Δt

 (H-Ho) vs Time

ening Ao
400.0

300.0

200.0

100.0

0.0

-100.0

-200.0

-300.0
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

Q @ outlet vs Time
 Q @ outlet vs Time

0.00
2500
0.83
1.67
2000
1.68
1.69 1500
1.71
1.72 1000

1.74
500
1.75
1.77
0
1.78 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
1.79
1.81

Total Head vs Time

1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
12.00

7 9 10 11
2 Δh (m)TOTAL HEADVALVE(1-t/T) Q@ TOTAL HEAD-INITIAL HEAD Cd Av
 (Ho+h) m OPENING OUTLET
- 103.0 1.000 79 0.0 7.907
- 104.1 0.999 80 1.1 7.248
- 694.1 0.997 205 591.1 6.589
- 1464.1 0.996 298 1361.1 5.930
- 2406.1 0.994 381 2303.1 5.271
-2 3373.9 0.993 450 3270.9 4.612
-1180 3118.9 0.991 432 3015.9 3.953
-1540 3883.4 0.990 479 3780.4 3.294
-1884 6481.4 0.989 2018 6378.4 2.636
-1938 4646.6 0.987 2226 4543.6 1.977
-670 4076.6 0.987 2551 3973.6 1.318
-3069 1105.6 0.986 1366 1002.6 0.659
-7080 -5871.9 0.984 Err:502 -5974.9 0

0 VALVE TO CISTERN 1

1 VALVE TO CISTERN 2

1 ST CYCLE 591 VALVE TO CISTERN 3

1361 CISTERN TO VALVE 4

 2303 CISTERN TO VALVE 5

3271 VALVE TO CISTERN 6

3016 VALVE TO CISTERN 7

2 ND CYCLE
3780 VALVE TO CISTERN 8

6378 CISTERN TO VALVE 9

4544 CISTERN TO VALVE 10

3974 VALVE TO CISTERN 11

3 RD HALF CYCLE
1003 VALVE TO CISTERN 12

-5975 VALVE TO CISTERN 13

0.00 25.00
0.00 25.00

0 25.00

Bo B
 0
1.561 1.561 -1
1.431 1.429 52
1.301 1.297 38
1.171 1.166 30
1.041 1.035 -27
0.911 0.904 -29
0.781 0.774 526
0.651 0.644 -63
0.520 0.515
0.390 0.385
0.260 0.257
0.130 0.128
0 0

Vo 1.10
0.03
Vo 1.10 Vo 590.00
0.04 0.04
1.10 Vo 590.00 Vo 770.00
0.06 0.06
1.10 Vo 590.00 Vo 770.00
0.07 0.07
Vo 590.00 Vo
0.09
Vo
 Vo
0.06
Vo 942.00 Vo
0.07 0.07
770.00 Vo 942.00
0.09 0.09
770.00 Vo 942.00
0.10 0.10
Vo 942.00
0.11