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Moment Frame

Special reinforced concrete moment frames (special moment frames) are required for buildings in high seismic zones (Seismic Design Categories D, E, or F) as they are designed to undergo extensive inelastic deformations during seismic events. These frames must satisfy all requirements for proportioning, detailing, strength and stiffness to ensure ductile behavior. Typical economical beam spans are 20-30 feet and beams can be wider than columns but not exceed column width. Special moment frames are designed to a force reduction factor of 8 and must also satisfy wind load requirements and limit drift to codes based on occupancy and redundancy.

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123 views2 pages

Moment Frame

Special reinforced concrete moment frames (special moment frames) are required for buildings in high seismic zones (Seismic Design Categories D, E, or F) as they are designed to undergo extensive inelastic deformations during seismic events. These frames must satisfy all requirements for proportioning, detailing, strength and stiffness to ensure ductile behavior. Typical economical beam spans are 20-30 feet and beams can be wider than columns but not exceed column width. Special moment frames are designed to a force reduction factor of 8 and must also satisfy wind load requirements and limit drift to codes based on occupancy and redundancy.

Uploaded by

freeloadtailieu2017
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© © All Rights Reserved
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2.

2 When To Use Special Moment Frames


Moment frames are generally selected as the seismic forceresisting
system when architectural space planning flexibility
is desired. When concrete moment frames are selected for
buildings assigned to Seismic Design Categories D, E, or F,
they are required to be detailed as special reinforced concrete
moment frames. Proportioning and detailing requirements for
a special moment frame will enable the frame to safely undergo
extensive inelastic deformations that are anticipated in these
seismic design categories. Special moment frames may be used
in Seismic Design Categories A, B, and C, though this may not
lead to the most economical design. If special moment frames
are selected as the seismic force-resisting system, ALL
requirements for the frames must be satisfied to help ensure
ductile behavior.
2.3 Frame Proportioning
Typical economical beam spans for special moment frames are
in the range of 20 to 30 feet. In general, this range will result in
beam depths that will support typical gravity loads and the
requisite seismic forces without overloading the adjacent beamcolumn
joints and columns. The clear span of a beam must be
at least four times its effective depth per ACI 318 - 21.5.1.2.
Beams are allowed to be wider than the supporting columns as
noted in ACI 318 - 21.5.1.4, but beam width normally does not
exceed the width of the column, for constructability. The
provisions for special moment frames exclude use of slabcolumn
framing as part of the seismic force-resisting system.
Special moment frames with story heights up to 20 feet are not
uncommon. For buildings with relatively tall stories, it is
important to make sure that soft (low stiffness) and/or weak
stories are not created.
The ratio of the cross-sectional dimensions for columns shall
not be less than 0.4 per ACI 318 - 21.6.1.2. This limits the cross
section to a more compact section rather than a long rectangle.
ACI 318 - 21.6.1.1 sets the minimum column dimension to 12
inches, which is often not practical to construct. A minimum
dimension of 16 inches is suggested, except for unusual cases
or for low-rise buildings.
2.4 Strength and Drift Limits
Both strength and stiffness need to be considered in the design
of special moment frames. According to ASCE 7, special moment
frames are allowed to be designed for a force reduction factor
of R = 8. That is, they are allowed to be designed for a base
shear equal to one-eighth of the value obtained from an elastic
response analysis. Moment frames are generally flexible lateral
systems; therefore, strength requirements may be controlled
by the minimum base shear equations of the code. Base shear
calculations for long-period structures, especially in Seismic
Design Categories D, E, and F, are frequently controlled by the
approximate upper limit period as defined in ASCE 7 - 12.8.2.
Wind loads, as described in ASCE 7, must also be checked and
may govern the strength requirements of special moment
frames. Regardless of whether gravity, wind, or seismic forces
are the largest, proportioning and detailing provisions for
special moment frames apply wherever special moment frames
are used.
The stiffness of the frame must be sufficient to control the drift
of the building at each story within the limits specified by the
building code. Drift limits in ASCE 7 are a function of both
occupancy category (IBC 1604.5) and the redundancy factor,
, (ASCE 7 - 12.3.4) as shown in Table 2-1.
The drift

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