Chapter 7

Resource Masters
 CONSUMABLE WORKBOOKS Many of the worksheets contained in the Chapter
Resource Masters booklets are available as consumable workbooks in both
English and Spanish.
Study Guide and Intervention Workbook 0-07-827753-1
Study Guide and Intervention Workbook (Spanish) 0-07-827754-X
Skills Practice Workbook 0-07-827747-7
Skills Practice Workbook (Spanish) 0-07-827749-3
Practice Workbook 0-07-827748-5
Practice Workbook (Spanish) 0-07-827750-7
Reading to Learn Mathematics Workbook 0-07-861060-5

ANSWERS FOR WORKBOOKS The answers for Chapter 7 of these workbooks

can be found in the back of this Chapter Resource Masters booklet.

StudentWorks™ This CD-ROM includes the entire Student Edition text along
with the English workbooks listed above.

TeacherWorks™ All of the materials found in this booklet are included for view-
ing and printing in the Glencoe Algebra 1 TeacherWorks CD-ROM.

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill

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material contained herein on the condition that such material be reproduced only
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ISBN: 0-07-827731-0 Glencoe Algebra 1

Chapter 7 Resource Masters

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 024 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03
 Contents
Vocabulary Builder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Lesson 7-5
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 427–428
Lesson 7-1 Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 403–404 Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405 Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 431
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406 Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 407
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 Chapter 7 Assessment
Chapter 7 Test, Form 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . 433–434
Lesson 7-2 Chapter 7 Test, Form 2A . . . . . . . . . . . 435–436
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 409–410 Chapter 7 Test, Form 2B . . . . . . . . . . . 437–438
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411 Chapter 7 Test, Form 2C . . . . . . . . . . . 439–440
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412 Chapter 7 Test, Form 2D . . . . . . . . . . . 441–442
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 413 Chapter 7 Test, Form 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . 443–444
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414 Chapter 7 Open-Ended Assessment . . . . . . 445
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Test/Review . . . . . . . 446
Lesson 7-3 Chapter 7 Quizzes 1 & 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 415–416 Chapter 7 Quizzes 3 & 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 Chapter 7 Mid-Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . 449
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418 Chapter 7 Cumulative Review . . . . . . . . . . . 450
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 419 Chapter 7 Standardized Test Practice . . 451–452
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 Unit 2 Test/Review (Ch. 4–7) . . . . . . . . 453–454

Lesson 7-4 Standardized Test Practice

Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . 421–422 Student Recording Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423
ANSWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A2–A27
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . 425
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill iii Glencoe Algebra 1

 Teacher’s Guide to Using the
Chapter 7 Resource Masters
The Fast File Chapter Resource system allows you to conveniently file the resources
you use most often. The Chapter 7 Resource Masters includes the core materials needed
for Chapter 7. These materials include worksheets, extensions, and assessment options.
The answers for these pages appear at the back of this booklet.
All of the materials found in this booklet are included for viewing and printing in the
Algebra 1 TeacherWorks CD-ROM.

Vocabulary Builder Pages vii–viii Practice There is one master for each
include a student study tool that presents lesson. These problems more closely follow
up to twenty of the key vocabulary terms the structure of the Practice and Apply
from the chapter. Students are to record section of the Student Edition exercises.
definitions and/or examples for each term. These exercises are of average difficulty.
You may suggest that students highlight or
star the terms with which they are not WHEN TO USE These provide additional
familiar. practice options or may be used as
homework for second day teaching of the
WHEN TO USE Give these pages to lesson.
students before beginning Lesson 7-1.
Encourage them to add these pages to their Reading to Learn Mathematics
Algebra Study Notebook. Remind them to One master is included for each lesson. The
add definitions and examples as they first section of each master asks questions
complete each lesson. about the opening paragraph of the lesson
in the Student Edition. Additional
Study Guide and Intervention questions ask students to interpret the
Each lesson in Algebra 1 addresses two context of and relationships among terms
objectives. There is one Study Guide and in the lesson. Finally, students are asked to
Intervention master for each objective. summarize what they have learned using
various representation techniques.
WHEN TO USE Use these masters as
reteaching activities for students who need WHEN TO USE This master can be used
additional reinforcement. These pages can as a study tool when presenting the lesson
also be used in conjunction with the Student or as an informal reading assessment after
Edition as an instructional tool for students presenting the lesson. It is also a helpful
who have been absent. tool for ELL (English Language Learner)
students.
Skills Practice There is one master for
each lesson. These provide computational Enrichment There is one extension
practice at a basic level. master for each lesson. These activities may
extend the concepts in the lesson, offer an
WHEN TO USE These masters can be historical or multicultural look at the
used with students who have weaker concepts, or widen students’ perspectives on
mathematics backgrounds or need the mathematics they are learning. These
additional reinforcement. are not written exclusively for honors
students, but are accessible for use with all
levels of students.
WHEN TO USE These may be used as
extra credit, short-term projects, or as
activities for days when class periods are
shortened.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill iv Glencoe Algebra 1

Assessment Options Intermediate Assessment
The assessment masters in the Chapter 7 • Four free-response quizzes are included
Resources Masters offer a wide range of to offer assessment at appropriate
assessment tools for intermediate and final intervals in the chapter.
assessment. The following lists describe each
• A Mid-Chapter Test provides an option
assessment master and its intended use.
to assess the first half of the chapter. It is
composed of both multiple-choice and
Chapter Assessment free-response questions.
CHAPTER TESTS
• Form 1 contains multiple-choice questions Continuing Assessment
and is intended for use with basic level • The Cumulative Review provides
students. students an opportunity to reinforce and
retain skills as they proceed through
• Forms 2A and 2B contain multiple-choice
their study of Algebra 1. It can also be
questions aimed at the average level
used as a test. This master includes
student. These tests are similar in format
free-response questions.
to offer comparable testing situations.
• The Standardized Test Practice offers
• Forms 2C and 2D are composed of free-
continuing review of algebra concepts in
response questions aimed at the average
various formats, which may appear on
level student. These tests are similar in
the standardized tests that they may
format to offer comparable testing
encounter. This practice includes multiple-
situations. Grids with axes are provided
choice, grid-in, and quantitative-
for questions assessing graphing skills.
comparison questions. Bubble-in and
• Form 3 is an advanced level test with grid-in answer sections are provided on
free-response questions. Grids without the master.
axes are provided for questions assessing
graphing skills.
Answers
All of the above tests include a free- • Page A1 is an answer sheet for the
response Bonus question. Standardized Test Practice questions
• The Open-Ended Assessment includes that appear in the Student Edition on
performance assessment tasks that are pages 404–405. This improves students’
suitable for all students. A scoring rubric familiarity with the answer formats they
is included for evaluation guidelines. may encounter in test taking.
Sample answers are provided for • The answers for the lesson-by-lesson
assessment. masters are provided as reduced pages
• A Vocabulary Test, suitable for all with answers appearing in red.
students, includes a list of the vocabulary • Full-size answer keys are provided for
words in the chapter and ten questions the assessment masters in this booklet.
assessing students’ knowledge of those
terms. This can also be used in conjunc-
tion with one of the chapter tests or as a
review worksheet.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill v Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Vocabulary Builder
This is an alphabetical list of the key vocabulary terms you will learn in Chapter 7.

Vocabulary Builder
As you study the chapter, complete each term’s definition or description.
Remember to add the page number where you found the term. Add these pages to
your Algebra Study Notebook to review vocabulary at the end of the chapter.

Found
Vocabulary Term Definition/Description/Example
on Page
consistent
⎧
⎪
⎨
⎪
⎩

kuhn·SIHS·tuhnt

dependent

elimination
⎧
⎪
⎪
⎨
⎪
⎪
⎩

ih·LIH·muh·NAY·shuhn

independent

inconsistent

(continued on the next page)

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill vii Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Vocabulary Builder (continued)
Found
Vocabulary Term Definition/Description/Example
on Page
substitution
⎧
⎪
⎪
⎨
⎪
⎪
⎩

SUHB·stuh·TOO·shuhn

system of equations

system of inequalities

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill viii Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-1 Study Guide and Intervention

Graphing Systems of Equations
Number of Solutions Two or more linear equations involving the same variables form
a system of equations. A solution of the system of equations is an ordered pair of numbers
that satisfies both equations. The table below summarizes information about systems of
linear equations.

Graph of a System intersecting lines same line parallel lines

y y y

O x O x O x

Lesson 7-1
Number of Solutions exactly one solution infinitely many solutions no solution
consistent and consistent and
Terminology inconsistent
independent dependent

Example Use the graph at the right to determine y

whether the system has no solution, one solution, or
infinitely many solutions. y!x#1
a. y ! "x # 2 y ! "x " 1 y ! "x # 2
y!x#1 O x
Since the graphs of y ! "x # 2 and y ! x # 1 intersect,
there is one solution.
3x # 3y ! "3
b. y ! "x # 2
3x # 3y ! "3
Since the graphs of y ! "x # 2 and 3x # 3y ! "3 are
parallel, there are no solutions.

c. 3x # 3y ! "3
y ! "x " 1
Since the graphs of 3x # 3y ! "3 and y ! "x " 1 coincide,
there are infinitely many solutions.

Exercises
Use the graph at the right to determine whether each y
system has no solution, one solution, or infinitely 3x # y ! 3
many solutions.
2x # 2y ! 4
1. y ! "x " 3 2. 2x # 2y ! "6
y!x"1 y ! "x " 3 O x
2x # 2y ! "6

y!x"1
3. y ! "x " 3 4. 2x # 2y ! "6 y ! "x " 3
2x # 2y ! 4 3x # y ! 3

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 403 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-1 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Graphing Systems of Equations

Solve by Graphing One method of solving a system of equations is to graph the
equations on the same coordinate plane.

Example Graph each system of equations. Then determine whether the

system has no solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions. If the system has
one solution, name it.
a. x # y ! 2 y
x"y!4
x#y!2
The graphs intersect. Therefore, there is one solution. The
point (3, "1) seems to lie on both lines. Check this estimate
by replacing x with 3 and y with "1 in each equation. O x
(3, –1)
x#y!2
3 # ("1) ! 2 ✓ x"y!4
x"y!4
3 " ("1) ! 3 # 1 or 4 ✓ y
The solution is (3, "1).
y ! 2x # 1 2y ! 4x # 2
b. y ! 2x # 1
O x
2y ! 4x # 2
The graphs coincide. Therefore there are infinitely
many solutions.

Exercises
Graph each system of equations. Then determine whether the system has no
solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions. If the system has one solution,
name it.
1
1. y ! "2 2. x ! 2 3. y ! $ x
2
3x " y ! "1 2x # y ! 1
x#y!3
y y y
3x " y ! "1 x#y!3
x!2
(2, 1)
O x O x y ! 12 x
(–1, –2)
2x # y ! 1 (2, –3) O x
y ! "2

4. 2x # y ! 6 5. 3x # 2y ! 6 6. 2y ! "4x # 4
2x " y ! "2 3x # 2y ! "4 y ! "2x # 2
y y y
3x # 2y ! 6
2x # y ! 6 (1, 4) 2y ! "4x # 4
y ! "2x # 2
2x " y ! "2
O x O x

O x 3x # 2y ! "4

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 404 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-1 Skills Practice

Graphing Systems of Equations
Use the graph at the right to determine whether y
each system has no solution, one solution, or y!x#4

infinitely many solutions.

x " y ! "4
1. y ! x " 1 2. x " y ! "4 2x " 2y ! 2
y ! "x # 1 y!x#4
O x
y ! "x # 1
3. y ! x # 4 4. y ! 2x " 3 y!x"1

2x " 2y ! 2 2x " 2y ! 2
y ! 2x " 3

Lesson 7-1
Graph each system of equations. Then determine whether the system has no
solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions. If the system has one solution,
name it.
5. 2x " y ! 1 6. x ! 1 7. 3x # y ! "3
y ! "3 2x # y ! 4 3x # y ! 3
y y y
2x " y ! 1 x!1 3x # y ! 3
(1, 2)

O x O x O x
y ! "3 2x # y ! 4
(–1, –3)
3x # y ! "3

8. y ! x # 2 9. x # 3y ! "3 10. y " x ! "1

x " y ! "2 x " 3y ! "3 x#y!3
y y y
x " y ! "2 x " 3y ! "3
x#y!3
y!x#2
(2, 1)
O x O x y " x ! "1 O x
(–3, 0)

x # 3y ! "3

11. x " y ! 3 12. x # 2y ! 4 13. y ! 2x # 3

1
x " 2y ! 3 y ! "$x # 2 3y ! 6x " 6
2
y y y

(3, 0) x # 2y ! 4 y ! 2x # 3
O x 1
x " 2y ! 3 y! " –2x #2
O x O x
x"y!3 3y ! 6x " 6

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 405 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-1 Practice
Graphing Systems of Equations
Use the graph at the right to determine whether y
each system has no solution, one solution, or
x # 3y ! 3 2x " y ! "3
infinitely many solutions.
x#y!3
1. x # y ! 3 2. 2x " y ! "3
x # y ! "3 4x " 2y ! "6 O x
4x " 2y ! "6
x # y ! "3
3. x # 3y ! 3 4. x # 3y ! 3
x # y ! "3 2x " y ! "3

Graph each system of equations. Then determine whether the system has no
solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions. If the system has one solution,
name it.
5. 3x " y ! "2 6. y ! 2x " 3 7. x # 2y ! 3
3x " y ! 0 4x ! 2y # 6 3x " y ! "5
y y
3x " y ! "2 3x " y ! "5
3x " y ! 0 O x
O x y ! 2x " 3 x # 2y ! 3
(–1, 2)
4x ! 2y # 6

BUSINESS For Exercises 8 and 9, use the following Dog Treats

40
information.
35
Nick plans to start a home-based business producing and (20, 30)
30 y ! 0.5x # 20
selling gourmet dog treats. He figures it will cost $20 in
25
operating costs per week plus $0.50 to produce each treat.
Cost ($)

He plans to sell each treat for $1.50. 20

15
8. Graph the system of equations y ! 0.5x # 20 and 10
y ! 1.5x to represent the situation. y ! 1.5x
5
9. How many treats does Nick need to sell per week to 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
break even? Sales ($)

SALES For Exercises 10–12, use the following

information.
A used book store also started selling used CDs and videos. c # v ! 40
In the first week, the store sold 40 used CDs and videos, at
$4.00 per CD and $6.00 per video. The sales for both CDs
and videos totaled $180.00
10. Write a system of equations to 4c # 6v ! 180 (30, 10)
represent the situation.
11. Graph the system of equations.
12. How many CDs and videos did the store sell in the first
week?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 406 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-1 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Graphing Systems of Equations
Pre-Activity How can you use graphs to compare the sales of two products?
Read the introduction to Lesson 7-1 at the top of page 369 in your textbook.
• What is meant by the term linear function?

• What does it mean to say that two lines intersect?

Lesson 7-1
Reading the Lesson
1. Each figure shows the graph of a system of two equations. Write the letter of the figures
that illustrate each statement.

A. y B. y

O x
O x

C. y D. y

O x
O x

a. A system of two linear equations can have an infinite number of solutions.

b. A system of equations is consistent if there is at least one ordered pair that satisfies
both equations.

c. If two graphs are parallel, there are no ordered pairs that satisfy both equations.

d. If a system of equations has exactly one solution, it is independent.

e. If a system of equations has an infinite number of solutions, it is dependent.

Helping You Remember

2. Describe how you can solve a system of equations by graphing.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 407 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-1 Enrichment

Graphing a Trip
The distance formula, d ! rt, is used to solve many types of d
problems. If you graph an equation such as d ! 50t, the graph is
a model for a car going at 50 mi/h. The time the car travels is t;
the distance in miles the car covers is d. The slope of the line is slope is 50
the speed.
50 slope is –25
Suppose you drive to a nearby town and return. You average
50 mi/h on the trip out but only 25 mi/h on the trip home. The O 2 t
round trip takes 5 hours. How far away is the town?
The graph at the right represents your trip. Notice that the return
trip is shown with a negative slope because you are driving in the
opposite direction.

Solve each problem.

1. Estimate the answer to the problem in the above example. About

how far away is the town?

2. Graph this trip and solve the problem. An airplane has d

enough fuel for 3 hours of safe flying. On the trip out the pilot
averages 200 mi/h flying against a headwind. On the trip back,
the pilot averages 250 mi/h. How long a trip out can the
pilot make?
100

O 1 t

3. Graph this trip and solve the 4. Graph this trip and solve the problem. You
problem. You drive to a town drive at an average speed of 50 mi/h to a
100 miles away. On the trip out you discount shopping plaza, spend 2 hours
average 25 mi/h. On the trip back you shopping, and then return at an average
average 50 mi/h. How many hours do speed of 25 mi/h. The entire trip takes
you spend driving? 8 hours. How far away is the shopping plaza?

d d

50 50

O 2 t O 2 t

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 408 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-2 Study Guide and Intervention

Substitution
Substitution One method of solving systems of equations is substitution.

Example Use substitution to Example Solve for one variable, then

solve the system of equations. substitute.
y ! 2x x # 3y ! 7
4x " y ! "4 2x " 4y ! "6
Substitute 2x for y in the second Solve the first equation for x since the coefficient
equation. of x is 1.
4x " y ! "4 Second equation x # 3y ! 7 First equation
4x " 2x ! "4 y ! 2x x # 3y " 3y ! 7 " 3y Subtract 3y from each side.
2x ! "4 Combine like terms. x ! 7 " 3y Simplify.
2x "4
$!$ Divide each side by 2. Find the value of y by substituting 7 " 3y for x
2 2
in the second equation.
x ! "2 Simplify.
2x " 4y ! "6 Second equation
Use y ! 2x to find the value of y. 2(7 " 3y) " 4y ! "6 x ! 7 " 3y
y ! 2x First equation 14 " 6y " 4y ! "6 Distributive Property
y ! 2("2) 14 " 10y ! "6 Combine like terms.

Lesson 7-2
x ! "2
y ! "4 Simplify. 14 " 10y " 14 ! "6 " 14 Subtract 14 from each side.
"10y ! "20 Simplify.
The solution is ("2, "4).
"10y "20
$!$ Divide each side by "10.
"10 "10
y!2 Simplify.

Use y ! 2 to find the value of x.

x ! 7 " 3y
x ! 7 " 3(2)
x!1
The solution is (1, 2).

Exercises
Use substitution to solve each system of equations. If the system does not have
exactly one solution, state whether it has no solution or infinitely many solutions.

1. y ! 4x 2. x ! 2y 3. x ! 2y " 3
3x " y ! 1 y!x"2 x ! 2y # 4

4. x " 2y ! "1 5. c " 4d ! 1 6. x # 2y ! 0

3y ! x # 4 2c " 8d ! 2 3x # 4y ! 4

7. 2b ! 6a " 14 8. x # y ! 16 9. y ! "x # 3
3a " b ! 7 2y ! "2x # 2 2y # 2x ! 4

10. x ! 2y 11. x " 2y ! "5 12. "0.2x # y ! 0.5

0.25x # 0.5y ! 10 x # 2y ! "1 0.4x # y ! 1.1

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 409 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-2 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Substitution
Real-World Problems Substitution can also be used to solve real-world problems
involving systems of equations. It may be helpful to use tables, charts, diagrams, or graphs
to help you organize data.

Example CHEMISTRY How much of a 10% saline solution should be mixed

with a 20% saline solution to obtain 1000 milliliters of a 12% saline solution?
Let s ! the number of milliliters of 10% saline solution.
Let t ! the number of milliliters of 20% saline solution.
Use a table to organize the information.

10% saline 20% saline 12% saline

Total milliliters s t 1000
Milliliters of saline 0.10s 0.20t 0.12(1000)

Write a system of equations.

s # t ! 1000
0.10s # 0.20t ! 0.12(1000)
Use substitution to solve this system.
s # t ! 1000 First equation
s ! 1000 " t Solve for s.
0.10s # 0.20t ! 0.12(1000) Second equation
0.10(1000 " t) # 0.20t ! 0.12(1000) s ! 1000 " t
100 " 0.10t # 0.20t ! 0.12(1000) Distributive Property
100 # 0.10t ! 0.12(1000) Combine like terms.
0.10t ! 20 Simplify.
0.10t 20
$!$ Divide each side by 0.10.
0.10 0.10
t ! 200 Simplify.
s # t ! 1000 First equation
s # 200 ! 1000 t ! 200
s ! 800 Solve for s.
800 milliliters of 10% solution and 200 milliliters of 20% solution should be used.

Exercises
1. SPORTS At the end of the 2000-2001 football season, 31 Super Bowl games had been
played with the current two football leagues, the American Football Conference (AFC) and
the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFC won five more games than the AFC.
How many games did each conference win? Source: New York Times Almanac

2. CHEMISTRY A lab needs to make 100 gallons of an 18% acid solution by mixing a 12%
acid solution with a 20% solution. How many gallons of each solution are needed?

3. GEOMETRY The perimeter of a triangle is 24 inches. The longest side is 4 inches longer
than the shortest side, and the shortest side is three-fourths the length of the middle
side. Find the length of each side of the triangle.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 410 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-2 Skills Practice

Substitution
Use substitution to solve each system of equations. If the system does not have
exactly one solution, state whether it has no solution or infinitely many solutions.

1. y ! 4x 2. y ! 2x
x#y!5 x # 3y ! "14

3. y ! 3x 4. x ! "4y
2x # y ! 15 3x # 2y ! 20

5. y ! x " 1 6. x ! y " 7
x#y!3 x # 8y ! 2

7. y ! 4x " 1 8. y ! 3x # 8

Lesson 7-2
y ! 2x " 5 5x # 2y ! 5

9. 2x " 3y ! 21 10. y ! 5x " 8

y!3"x 4x # 3y ! 33

11. x # 2y ! 13 12. x # 5y ! 4
3x " 5y ! 6 3x # 15y ! "1

13. 3x " y ! 4 14. x # 4y ! 8

2x " 3y ! "9 2x " 5y ! 29

15. x " 5y ! 10 16. 5x " 2y ! 14

2x " 10y ! 20 2x " y ! 5

17. 2x # 5y ! 38 18. x " 4y ! 27

x " 3y ! "3 3x # y ! "23

19. 2x # 2y ! 7 20. 2.5x # y ! "2

x " 2y ! "1 3x # 2y ! 0

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 411 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-2 Practice
Substitution
Use substitution to solve each system of equations. If the system does not have
exactly one solution, state whether it has no solution or infinitely many solutions.

1. y ! 6x 2. x ! 3y 3. x ! 2y # 7
2x # 3y ! "20 3x " 5y ! 12 x!y#4

4. y ! 2x " 2 5. y ! 2x # 6 6. 3x # y ! 12
y!x#2 2x " y ! 2 y ! "x " 2

7. x # 2y ! 13 8. x " 2y ! 3 9. x " 5y ! 36
"2x " 3y ! "18 4x " 8y ! 12 2x # y ! "16

10. 2x " 3y ! "24 11. x # 14y ! 84 12. 0.3x " 0.2y ! 0.5
x # 6y ! 18 2x " 7y ! "7 x " 2y ! "5

1
13. 0.5x # 4y ! "1 14. 3x " 2y ! 11 15. $ x # 2y ! 12
2
x # 2.5y ! 3.5 1
x"$
2
y!4 x " 2y ! 6

1
16. $ x " y ! 3 17. 4x " 5y ! "7 18. x " 3y ! "4
3
y ! 5x 2x # 6y ! 5
2x # y ! 25

EMPLOYMENT For Exercises 19–21, use the following information.

Kenisha sells athletic shoes part-time at a department store. She can earn either $500 per
month plus a 4% commission on her total sales, or $400 per month plus a 5% commission on
total sales.
19. Write a system of equations to represent the situation.

20. What is the total price of the athletic shoes Kenisha needs to sell to earn the same
income from each pay scale?

21. Which is the better offer?

MOVIE TICKETS For Exercises 22 and 23, use the following information.
Tickets to a movie cost $7.25 for adults and $5.50 for students. A group of friends purchased
8 tickets for $52.75.
22. Write a system of equations to represent the situation.

23. How many adult tickets and student tickets were purchased?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 412 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-2 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Substitution
Pre-Activity How can a system of equations be used to predict media use?
Read the introduction to Lesson 7-2 at the top of page 376 in your textbook.
• What is the system of equations?
• Based on the graph, are there 0, 1, or infinitely many solutions of the
system?

Reading the Lesson

1. Describe how you would use substitution to solve each system of equations.

a. y ! "2x
x # 3y ! 15

b. 3x " 2y ! 12

Lesson 7-2
x ! 2y

c. x # 2y ! 7
2x " 8y ! 8

d. "3x # 5y ! 81
2x # y ! 24

2. Jess solved a system of equations and her result was "8 ! "8. All of her work was
correct. Describe the graph of the system. Explain.

3. Miguel solved a system of equations and his result was 5 ! "2. All of his work was
correct. Describe the graph of the system. Explain.

Helping You Remember

4. What is usually the first step in solving a system of equations by substitution?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 413 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____

7-2 Enrichment

Equations of Lines and Planes in Intercept Form

One form that a linear equation may take is intercept z
form. The constants a and b are the x- and y-intercepts
of the graph.
x y
# ! # "1
a b
In three-dimensional space, the equation of a plane
takes a similar form.
x y z O y
# ! # ! # "1
a b c
x y
Here, the constants a, b, and c are the points where the –
8
! –7 ! –6z " 1
plane meets the x, y, and z-axes.
x
Solve each problem.
x y z 2. For the plane in Exercise 1, write an
1. Graph the equation # ! # ! # " 1. equation for the line where the plane
3 2 1
z intersects the xy-plane. Use intercept
forms.
x y
$ ! $ "1
3 2
3. Write an equation for the line where
O y the plane intersects the xz-plane.
x z
$ ! $ "1
3 1
x 4. Write an equation for the line where
the plane intersects the yz-plane.
y z
$ ! $ "1
2 1
x y z
5. Graph the equation # ! # ! # " 1. 6. Write an equation for the xy-plane.
1 4 2
z z"0

7. Write an equation for the yz-plane.

x"0

O y 8. Write an equation for a plane parallel

to the xy-plane with a z-intercept of 2.
z"2
x

9. Write an equation for a plane parallel

to the yz-plane with an x-intercept of 23.
x " #3

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 414 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-3 Study Guide and Intervention

Elimination Using Addition and Subtraction
Elimination Using Addition In systems of equations in which the coefficients of the
x or y terms are additive inverses, solve the system by adding the equations. Because one of
the variables is eliminated, this method is called elimination.

Example Use addition to solve the Example The sum of two numbers
system of equations. is 70 and their difference is 24. Find
x " 3y ! 7 the numbers.
3x # 3y ! 9 Let x represent one number and y represent
Write the equations in column form and add the other number.
to eliminate y. x # y ! 70
x " 3y ! 7 (#) x " y ! 24
(#) 3x # 3y ! 9 2x ! 94
4x ! 16 2x
$!$
94
Solve for x. 2 2
4x 16 x ! 47
$!$
4 4 Substitute 47 for x in either equation.
x!4 47 # y ! 70
Substitute 4 for x in either equation and 47 # y " 47 ! 70 " 47
solve for y. y ! 23
4 " 3y ! 7 The numbers are 47 and 23.
4 " 3y " 4 ! 7 " 4
"3y ! 3
"3y 3
$!$
"3 "3
y ! "1

Lesson 7-3
The solution is (4, "1).

Exercises
Use elimination to solve each system of equations.

1. x # y ! "4 2. 2m " 3n ! 14 3. 3a " b ! "9

x"y!2 m # 3n ! "11 "3a " 2b ! 0

4. "3x " 4y ! "1 5. 3c # d ! 4 6. "2x # 2y ! 9

3x " y ! "4 2c " d ! 6 2x " y ! "6

7. 2x # 2y ! "2 8. 4x " 2y ! "1 9. x " y ! 2

3x " 2y ! 12 "4x # 4y ! "2 x # y ! "3

10. 2x " 3y ! 12 11. "0.2x # y ! 0.5 12. 0.1x # 0.3y ! 0.9

4x # 3y ! 24 0.2x # 2y ! 1.6 0.1x " 0.3y ! 0.2

13. Rema is older than Ken. The difference of their ages is 12 and the sum of their ages is
50. Find the age of each.

14. The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 12. The difference of the digits is 2. Find
the number if the units digit is larger than the tens digit.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 415 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Elimination Using Addition and Subtraction

Elimination Using Subtraction In systems of equations where the coefficients of the
x or y terms are the same, solve the system by subtracting the equations.

Use subtraction to solve the system of equations.

2x " 3y ! 11
5x " 3y ! 14
2x " 3y ! 11 Write the equations in column form and subtract.
(") 5x " 3y ! 14
"3x ! "3 Subtract the two equations. y is eliminated.
"3x "3
$ !$ Divide each side by "3.
"3 "3
x!1 Simplify.

2(1) " 3y ! 11 Substitute 1 for x in either equation.

2 " 3y ! 11 Simplify.
2 " 3y " 2 ! 11 " 2 Subtract 2 from each side.
"3y ! 9 Simplify.
"3y 9
$ !$ Divide each side by "3.
"3 "3
y ! "3 Simplify.

The solution is (1, "3).

Use elimination to solve each system of equations.

1. 6x # 5y ! 4 2. 3m " 4n ! "14 3. 3a # b ! 1
6x " 7y ! "20 3m # 2n ! "2 a#b!3

4. "3x " 4y ! "23 5. c " 3d ! 11 6. x " 2y ! 6

"3x # y ! 2 2c " 3d ! 16 x#y!3

7. 2a " 3b ! "13 8. 4x # 2y ! 6 9. 5s " t ! 6

2a # 2b ! 7 4x # 4y ! 10 5s # 2t ! 3

10. 6x " 3y ! 12 11. x # 2y ! 3.5 12. 0.2x # y ! 0.7

4x " 3y ! 24 x " 3y ! "9 0.2x # 2y ! 1.2

13. The sum of two numbers is 70. One number is ten more than twice the other number.
Find the numbers.

14. GEOMETRY Two angles are supplementary. The measure of one angle is 10° more than
three times the other. Find the measure of each angle.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 416 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-3 Skills Practice

Elimination Using Addition and Subtraction
Use elimination to solve each system of equations.

1. x ! y " 1 2. !x # y " 1
x#y"3 x # y " 11

3. x # 4y " 11 4. !x # 3y " 6
x ! 6y " 11 x # 3y " 18

5. 3x # 4y " 19 6. x # 4y " !8
3x # 6y " 33 x ! 4y " !8

7. 3a # 4b " 2 8. 3c ! d " !1
4a ! 4b " 12 !3c ! d " 5

9. 2x ! 3y " 9 10. x ! y " 4

!5x ! 3y " 30 2x # y " !4

11. 3m ! n " 26 12. 5x ! y " !6

!2m ! n " !24 !x # y " 2

13. 6x ! 2y " 32 14. 3x # 2y " !19

Lesson 7-3
4x ! 2y " 18 !3x ! 5y " 25

15. 7m # 4n " 2 16. 2x ! 5y " !28

7m # 2n " 8 4x # 5y " 4

17. The sum of two numbers is 28 and their difference is 4. What are the numbers?

18. Find the two numbers whose sum is 29 and whose difference is 15.

19. The sum of two numbers is 24 and their difference is 2. What are the numbers?

20. Find the two numbers whose sum is 54 and whose difference is 4.

21. Two times a number added to another number is 25. Three times the first number minus
the other number is 20. Find the numbers.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 417 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-3 Practice
Elimination Using Addition and Subtraction
Use elimination to solve each system of equations.

1. x ! y " 1 2. p # q " !2 3. 4x # y " 23

x # y " !9 p!q"8 3x ! y " 12

4. 2x # 5y " !3 5. 3x # 2y " !1 6. 5x # 3y " 22

2x # 2y " 6 4x # 2y " !6 5x ! 2y " 2

7. 5x # 2y " 7 8. 3x ! 9y " !12 9. !4c ! 2d " !2

!2x # 2y " !14 3x ! 15y " !6 2c ! 2d " !14

10. 2x ! 6y " 6 11. 7x # 2y " 2 12. 4.25x ! 1.28y " !9.2

2x # 3y " 24 7x ! 2y " !30 x # 1.28y " 17.6

13. 2x # 4y " 10 14. 2.5x # y " 10.7 15. 6m ! 8n " 3

x ! 4y " !2.5 2.5x # 2y " 12.9 2m ! 8n " !3

1 4 3 1
16. 4a # b " 2 17. ! $ x ! $ y " !2 18. $ x ! $ y " 8
3 3 4 2
4a # 3b " 10
1 2 3 1
$x ! $y " 4 $ x # $ y " 19
3 3 2 2

19. The sum of two numbers is 41 and their difference is 5. What are the numbers?

20. Four times one number added to another number is 36. Three times the first number
minus the other number is 20. Find the numbers.

21. One number added to three times another number is 24. Five times the first number
added to three times the other number is 36. Find the numbers.

22. LANGUAGES English is spoken as the first or primary language in 78 more countries
than Farsi is spoken as the first language. Together, English and Farsi are spoken as a
first language in 130 countries. In how many countries is English spoken as the first
language? In how many countries is Farsi spoken as the first language?

23. DISCOUNTS At a sale on winter clothing, Cody bought two pairs of gloves and four hats
for $43.00. Tori bought two pairs of gloves and two hats for $30.00. What were the prices
for the gloves and hats?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 418 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-3 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Elimination Using Addition and Subtraction
Pre-Activity How can you use a system of equations to solve problems about
weather?
Read the introduction to Lesson 7-3 at the top of page 382 in your textbook.
What fact explains why the variable d gets eliminated from the system of
equations?

Reading the Lesson

1. Write addition or subtraction to tell which operation it would be easiest to use to
eliminate a variable of the system. Explain your choice.

System of Equations Operation Explanation

a. 3x # 5y " 12
!3x # 2y " 6

b. 3x # 5y " 7
3x ! 2y " 8

c. !x ! 4y " 9

Lesson 7-3
4x ! 4y " 6

d. 5x ! 7y " 17
8x # 7y " 9

Helping You Remember

2. Tell how you can decide whether to use addition or subtraction to eliminate a variable in
a system of equations.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 419 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-3 Enrichment

Rózsa Péter
Rózsa Péter (1905–1977) was a Hungarian mathematician dedicated to
teaching others about mathematics. As professor of mathematics at a
teachers’ college in Budapest, she wrote several mathematics textbooks
and championed reforms in the teaching of mathematics. In 1945 she
wrote Playing with Infinity: Mathematical Explorations and Excursions,
a popular work in which she attempted to convey the spirit of
mathematics to the general public.

By far Péter’s greatest contribution to mathematics was her pioneering

research in the field of recursive function theory. When you evaluate a
function recursively, you begin with one initial value of x. Working from
this single number, you can use the function to generate an entire
sequence of numbers. For instance, here is how you use an initial
value of x " 1 to evaluate the function f(x) " 3x recursively.

f(1) " 3(1) " 3

↓
f(3) " 3(3) " 9
↓
f(9) " 3(9) " 27
↓
f(27) " 3(27) " 81
↓
f(81) " 3(81) " 243
↓

The first five numbers of the sequence generated by this function are
3, 9, 27, 81, and 243.

Write the first five numbers of the sequence generated by each

function, using the given number as the initial value of x.

1. f(x) " 3x; x " 2 2. g(x) " x ! 5; x " 1

3. f(x) " 2x # 1; x " !3 4. f(x) " x2; x " 2

1
5. h(x) " !x; x " 3 6. k(x) " $ ; x " 10
x

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 420 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-4 Study Guide and Intervention

Elimination Using Multiplication
Elimination Using Multiplication Some systems of equations cannot be solved
simply by adding or subtracting the equations. In such cases, one or both equations must
first be multiplied by a number before the system can be solved by elimination.

Example Use elimination to solve Example Use elimination to solve

the system of equations. the system of equations.
x ! 10y " 3 3x # 2y " #7
4x ! 5y " 5 2x # 5y " 10
If you multiply the second equation by !2, If you multiply the first equation by 2 and
you can eliminate the y terms. the second equation by !3, you can
x # 10y " 3 eliminate the x terms.
(#) !8x ! 10y " !10 6x ! 4y " !14
!7x " !7 (#) !6x # 15y " !30
!7x !7 11y " !44
$"$
!7 !7 11y !44
$ "$
x"1 11 11
Substitute 1 for x in either equation. y " !4
1 # 10y " 3 Substitute !4 for y in either equation.
1 # 10y ! 1 " 3 ! 1 3x ! 2(!4) " !7
10y " 2 3x # 8 " !7
10y 2 3x # 8 !8 " !7 !8
$"$
10 10 3x " !15
1 3x !15
y"$ $"$
3 3
5
1 x " !5
!
The solution is 1, $ .
5 " The solution is (!5, !4).

Exercises
Use elimination to solve each system of equations.
1. 2x # 3y " 6 2. 2m # 3n " 4 3. 3a ! b " 2
x # 2y " 5 !m # 2n " 5 a # 2b " 3

Lesson 7-4
4. 4x # 5y " 6 5. 4c ! 3d " 22 6. 3x ! 4y " !4
6x ! 7y " !20 2c ! d " 10 x # 3y " !10

7. 4s ! t " 9 8. 4a ! 3b " !8 9. 2x # 2y " 5

5s # 2t " 8 2a # 2b " 3 4x ! 4y " 10

10. 6x ! 4y " !8 11. 4x # 2y " !5 12. 2x # y " 3.5

4x # 2y " !3 !2x ! 4y " 1 !x # 2y " 2.5

13. GARDENING The length of Sally’s garden is 4 meters greater than 3 times the width.
The perimeter of her garden is 72 meters. What are the dimensions of Sally’s garden?

1
14. Anita is 4 $ years older than Basilio. Three times Anita’s age added to six times Basilio’s
2
age is 36. How old are Anita and Basilio?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 421 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-4 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Elimination Using Multiplication

Determine the Best Method The methods to use for solving systems of linear
equations are summarized in the table below.

Method The Best Time to Use

Graphing to estimate the solution, since graphing usually does not give an exact solution
Substitution if one of the variables in either equation has a coefficient of 1 or !1
Elimination Using Addition if one of the variables has opposite coefficients in the two equations
Elimination Using Subtraction if one of the variables has the same coefficient in the two equations
if none of the coefficients are 1 or !1 and neither of the variables can be
Elimination Using Multiplication
eliminated by simply adding or subtracting the equations

Example Determine the best method to solve the system of equations. Then
solve the system.
6x ! 2y " 20
#2x ! 4y " #16
Since the coefficients of x will be additive inverses of each other if you multiply the second
equation by 3, use elimination.
6x # 2y " 20 6x # 2(!2) " 20 Substitute !2 for y in
(#) !6x # 12y " !48 Multiply the second equation by 3. either equation.
14y " !28 Add the two equations. x is eliminated. 6x ! 4 " 20 Simplify.

14y !28 6x ! 4 # 4 " 20 # 4 Add 4 to each side.

$ " $ Divide each side by 14.
14 14 6x " 24 Simplify.
6x 24
y " !2 Simplify. $"$ Divide each side by 6.
6 6
x"4 Simplify.
The solution is (4, !2).

Exercises
Determine the best method to solve each system of equations. Then solve the system.

1. x # 2y " 3 2. m # 6n " !8 3. a ! b " 6

x#y"1 m " 2n # 8 a " 2b # 7

4. 4x # y " 15 5. 3c ! d " 14 6. x # 2y " !9

!x ! 3y " !12 c!d"2 y " 4x

7. 4x " 2y ! 10 8. x " !2y 9. 2s ! 3t " 42

x # 2y " 5 4x # 4y " !10 3s # 2t " 24

10. 4a ! 4b " !10 11. 4x # 10y " !6 12. 2x " y ! 3

2a # 4b " !2 !2x ! 10y " 2 !x # y " 0

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 422 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-4 Skills Practice

Elimination Using Multiplication
Use elimination to solve each system of equations.

1. x # y " !9 2. 3x # 2y " !9
5x ! 2y " 32 x ! y " !13

3. 2x # 5y " 3 4. 2x # y " 3
!x # 3y " !7 !4x ! 4y " !8

5. 4x ! 2y " !14 6. 2x # y " 0

3x ! y " !8 5x # 3y " 2

7. 5x # 3y " !10 8. 2x # 3y " 14

3x # 5y " !6 3x ! 4y " 4

9. 2x ! 3y " 21 10. 3x # 2y " !26

5x ! 2y " 25 4x ! 5y " !4

11. 3x ! 6y " !3 12. 5x # 2y " !3

2x # 4y " 30 3x # 3y " 9

13. Two times a number plus three times another number equals 13. The sum of the two
numbers is 7. What are the numbers?

14. Four times a number minus twice another number is !16. The sum of the two numbers
is !1. Find the numbers.

Lesson 7-4
Determine the best method to solve each system of equations. Then solve the system.

15. 2x # 3y " 10 16. 8x ! 7y " 18

5x # 2y " !8 3x # 7y " 26

17. y " 2x 18. 3x # y " 6

3x # 2y " 35 3x # y " 3

19. 3x ! 4y " 17 20. y " 3x # 1

4x # 5y " 2 3x ! y " !1

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 423 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-4 Practice
Elimination Using Multiplication
Use elimination to solve each system of equations.

1. 2x ! y " !1 2. 5x ! 2y " !10 3. 7x # 4y " !4

3x ! 2y " 1 3x # 6y " 66 5x # 8y " 28

4. 2x ! 4y " !22 5. 3x # 2y " !9 6. 4x ! 2y " 32

3x # 3y " 30 5x ! 3y " 4 !3x ! 5y " !11

3
7. 3x # 4y " 27 8. 0.5x # 0.5y " !2 9. 2x ! $ y " !7
4
5x ! 3y " 16 x ! 0.25y " 6 1
x # $y " 0
2

10. Eight times a number plus five times another number is !13. The sum of the two
numbers is 1. What are the numbers?

11. Two times a number plus three times another number equals 4. Three times the first
number plus four times the other number is 7. Find the numbers.

Determine the best method to solve each system of equations. Then solve the
system.

12. 5x # 7y " 3 13. 7x # 2y " 2 14. !6x ! 2y " 14

2x ! 7y " !38 2x ! 3y " !28 6x # 8y " !20

1
15. x " 2y # 6 16. 4x # 3y " !2 17. y " $ x
2
1 4x # 3y " 3
$x ! y " 3 5
2 $ x ! 2y " 9
2

18. FINANCE Gunther invested $10,000 in two mutual funds. One of the funds rose 6% in
one year, and the other rose 9% in one year. If Gunther’s investment rose a total of $684
in one year, how much did he invest in each mutual fund?

19. CANOEING Laura and Brent paddled a canoe 6 miles upstream in four hours. The
return trip took three hours. Find the rate at which Laura and Brent paddled the canoe
in still water.

20. NUMBER THEORY The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 11. If the digits are
reversed, the new number is 45 more than the original number. Find the number.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 424 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-4 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Elimination Using Multiplication
Pre-Activity How can a manager use a system of equations to plan employee time?
Read the introduction to Lesson 7-4 at the top of page 387 in your textbook.
Can the system of equations be solved by elimination with addition or
subtraction? Explain.

Reading the Lesson

1. Could elimination by multiplication be used to solve the system shown below? Explain.
3x ! 5y " 15
!6x # 7y " 11

2. Tell whether it would be easiest to use substitution, elimination by addition, elimination

by subtraction, or elimination by multiplication to solve the system. Explain your choice.

System of Equations Solution Method Explanation

a. !3x # 4y " 2
3x # 2y " 10

b. x ! 2y " 0
5x ! 4y " 8

c. 6x ! 5y " !18
2x # 10y " 27

Lesson 7-4
d. !2x # 3y " 9
3x # 3y " 12

Helping You Remember

3. If you are going to solve a system by elimination, how do you decide whether you will
need to multiply one or both equations by a number?

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 425 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-4 Enrichment

George Washington Carver and Percy Julian

In 1990, George Washington Carver and Percy Julian became the first African
Americans elected to the National Inventors Hall of Fame. Carver (1864–1943)
was an agricultural scientist known worldwide for developing hundreds of uses
for the peanut and the sweet potato. His work revitalized the economy of the
southern United States because it was no longer dependent solely upon cotton.
Julian (1898–1975) was a research chemist who became famous for inventing
a method of making a synthetic cortisone from soybeans. His discovery has
had many medical applications, particularly in the treatment of arthritis.

There are dozens of other African American inventors whose accomplishments

are not as well known. Their inventions range from common household items
like the ironing board to complex devices that have revolutionized
manufacturing. The exercises that follow will help you identify just a few of
these inventors and their inventions.

Match the inventors with their inventions by matching each system

with its solution. (Not all the solutions will be used.)

1. Sara Boone x#y"2 A. (1, 4) automatic traffic signal

x ! y " 10

2. Sarah Goode x"2!y B. (4, !2) eggbeater

2y # x " 9

3. Frederick M. y " 2x # 6 C. (!2, 3) fire extinguisher

Jones y " !x ! 3

4. J. L. Love 2x # 3y " 8 D. (!5, 7) folding cabinet bed

2x ! y " !8

5. T. J. Marshall y ! 3x " 9 E. (6, !4) ironing board

2y # x " 4

6. Jan Matzeliger y # 4 " 2x F. (!2, 4) pencil sharpener

6x ! 3y " 12

7. Garrett A. 3x ! 2y " !5 G. (!3, 0) portable X-ray machine

Morgan 3y ! 4x " 8

8. Norbert Rillieux 3x ! y " 12 H. (2, !3) player piano

y ! 3x " 15

I. no solution evaporating pan for refining sugar

J. infinitely lasting (shaping)

many machine for
solutions manufacturing shoes

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 426 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-5 Study Guide and Intervention

Graphing Systems of Inequalities
Systems of Inequalities The solution of a system of inequalities is the set of all
ordered pairs that satisfy both inequalities. If you graph the inequalities in the same
coordinate plane, the solution is the region where the graphs overlap.

Example Solve the system of inequalities y

by graphing.
y$x!2
y % #2x # 1 y"x!2
O x
The solution includes the ordered pairs in the intersection of the
y " #2x # 1
graphs. This region is shaded at the right. The graphs of y " x # 2
and y " !2x ! 1 are boundaries of this region. The graph of
y " x # 2 is dashed and is not included in the graph of y % x # 2.

Example Solve the system of inequalities y

by graphing. x!y"4
x!y$4
x ! y & #1
x
The graphs of x # y " 4 and x # y " !1 are parallel. Because the O
two regions have no points in common, the system of inequalities
x ! y " #1
has no solution.

Exercises
Solve each system of inequalities by graphing.
1. y % !1 2. y % !2x # 2 3. y & x # 1
x&0 y'x#1 3x # 4y ( 12
y y y
x"0
y " #2x ! 2 3x ! 4y " 12

O x O x O x

y " #1
y"x!1 y"x!1

4. 2x # y ( 1 5. y ' 2x # 3 6. 5x ! 2y & 6
x ! y ( !2 y ( !1 # 2x y % !x # 1
y y y

y " 2x ! 3
Lesson 7-5

2x ! y " 1
y " #x ! 1
O x O x O x
y " #1 ! 2x
5x # 2y " 6
x # y " #2

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 427 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-5 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Graphing Systems of Inequalities

Real-World Problems In real-world problems, sometimes only whole numbers make
sense for the solution, and often only positive values of x and y make sense.

Example BUSINESS AAA Gem Company produces 50

necklaces and bracelets. In a 40-hour week, the company 40
has 400 gems to use. A necklace requires 40 gems and a

Bracelets
30
bracelet requires 10 gems. It takes 2 hours to produce a 20
10b ! 40n " 400
necklace and a bracelet requires one hour. How many of 10
b ! 2n " 40
each type can be produced in a week?
0 10 20 30 40 50
Let n " the number of necklaces that will be produced and b " the Necklaces
number of bracelets that will be produced. Neither n or b can be a
negative number, so the following system of inequalities represents
the conditions of the problems.
n(0
b(0
b # 2n ' 40
10b # 40n ' 400
The solution is the set ordered pairs in the intersection of the graphs. This region is shaded
at the right. Only whole-number solutions, such as (5, 20) make sense in this problem.

Exercises

For each exercise, graph the solution set. List three possible solutions to the
problem.

1. HEALTH Mr. Flowers is on a restricted 2. RECREATION Maria had $150 in gift

diet that allows him to have between certificates to use at a record store. She
1600 and 2000 Calories per day. His bought fewer than 20 recordings. Each
daily fat intake is restricted to between tape cost $5.95 and each CD cost $8.95.
45 and 55 grams. What daily Calorie How many of each type of recording might
and fat intakes are acceptable? she have bought?
60 30
50 25
Compact Discs

t ! c " 20
Fat Grams

40 20
30 15
5.95t ! 8.95c " 150
20 10
10 5

0 1000 2000 3000 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Calories Tapes

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 428 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-5 Skills Practice

Graphing Systems of Inequalities
Solve each system of inequalities by graphing.

1. x % !1 2. y % 2 3. y % x # 3
y ' !3 x & !2 y ' !1
y y y
y"2
y"x!3
x " #1

O x O x O x
y " #3 x " #2
y " #1

4. x & 2 5. x # y ' !1 6. y ! x % 4
y!x'2 x#y(3 x#y%2
y y y

y#x"2
x"2
O x O x
O x y#x"4
x!y"2

7. y % x # 1 8. y ( !x # 2 9. y & 2x # 4
y ( !x # 1 y & 2x ! 2 y(x#1
y y y " 2x ! 4 y

y " #x ! 2 y"x!1
O x O x O x
y " 2x # 2

y"x!1
y " #x ! 1

Write a system of inequalities for each graph.

10. y 11. y 12. y

x x x
Lesson 7-5

O O O

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 429 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-5 Practice
Graphing Systems of Inequalities
Solve each system of inequalities by graphing.

1. y % x ! 2 2. y ( x # 2 3. x # y ( 1
y'x y % 2x # 3 x # 2y % 1
y y y

y"x!2

O x O x x ! 2y " 1 O x
y"x
y"x#2
y " 2x ! 3 x!y"1

4. y & 2x ! 1 5. y % x ! 4 6. 2x ! y ( 2
y%2!x 2x # y ' 2 x ! 2y ( 2
y"x#4
2x # y " 2
y"2#x

x # 2y " 2
y " 2x # 1 2x ! y " 2

FITNESS For Exercises 7 and 8, use the following Diego’s Routine

16
information.
14
Diego started an exercise program in which each week he
12
works out at the gym between 4.5 and 6 hours and walks
Waking (miles)

10
between 9 and 12 miles.
8
7. Make a graph to show the number of hours Diego works 6
out at the gym and the number of miles he walks per week.
4
8. List three possible combinations of working out and 2
walking that meet Diego’s goals. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Gym (hours)

SOUVENIRS For Exercises 9 and 10, use the following

information.
Emily wants to buy turquoise stones on her trip to New Mexico
to give to at least 4 of her friends. The gift shop sells stones for
either $4 or $6 per stone. Emily has no more than $30 to spend.
9. Make a graph showing the numbers of each price of stone
Emily can purchase.
10. List three possible solutions.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 430 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-5 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Graphing Systems of Inequalities
Pre-Activity How can you use a system of inequalities to plan a sensible diet?
Read the introduction to Lesson 7-5 at the top of page 394 in your textbook.
The green section on the graph represents a range of
Calories a day and grams of fat per day.

Reading the Lesson

Write the inequality symbols that you need to get a system whose graph looks like
the one shown. Use &, %, $, or '.

1. y 2. y

y"x!2

O x O x
y " #2x # 1 y " #2x # 1
y"x!2

y x#2 y x#2
y !2x ! 1 y !2x ! 1

3. y 4. y

y"x!2
y " #2x # 1

O x O x
y " #2x # 1
y"x!2

y x#2 y x#2
y !2x ! 1 y !2x ! 1

Helping You Remember

5. Describe how you would explain the process of using a graph to solve a system of
Lesson 7-5

inequalities to a friend who missed Lesson 7-5.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 431 Glencoe Algebra 1

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-5 Enrichment

Describing Regions
The shaded region inside the triangle can be described y
with a system of three inequalities.
y & 2x # 1
1
y % $x ! 3
3 x
O
y % 29x ! 31

Write systems of inequalities to describe each region. You may

first need to divide a region into triangles or quadrilaterals.

1. y 2. y

O x O x

3. y

O x

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 432 Glencoe Algebra 1

©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-1 Study Guide and Intervention 7-1 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Graphing Systems of Equations Graphing Systems of Equations

Number of Solutions Two or more linear equations involving the same variables form Solve by Graphing One method of solving a system of equations is to graph the
a system of equations. A solution of the system of equations is an ordered pair of numbers equations on the same coordinate plane.
that satisfies both equations. The table below summarizes information about systems of
linear equations. Example Graph each system of equations. Then determine whether the

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Graph of a System intersecting lines same line parallel lines
system has no solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions. If the system has
y y y
one solution, name it.
a. x # y ! 2 y
O x O x O x x"y!4
x#y!2
The graphs intersect. Therefore, there is one solution. The
point (3, "1) seems to lie on both lines. Check this estimate
Number of Solutions exactly one solution infinitely many solutions no solution O x
by replacing x with 3 and y with "1 in each equation. (3, –1)
consistent and consistent and
Terminology inconsistent x#y!2
independent dependent
3 # ("1) ! 2 ✓

Lesson 7-1
x"y!4
x"y!4
Example 3 " ("1) ! 3 # 1 or 4 ✓ y
Use the graph at the right to determine y
whether the system has no solution, one solution, or The solution is (3, "1).
y ! 2x # 1 2y ! 4x # 2
infinitely many solutions. y!x#1 b. y ! 2x # 1
O x
a. y ! "x # 2 2y ! 4x # 2
y ! "x " 1 y ! "x # 2
y!x#1 x
The graphs coincide. Therefore there are infinitely
O
Answers

Since the graphs of y ! "x # 2 and y ! x # 1 intersect, many solutions.

A2
there is one solution.
3x # 3y ! "3
Exercises
b. y ! "x # 2
3x # 3y ! "3 Graph each system of equations. Then determine whether the system has no
Since the graphs of y ! "x # 2 and 3x # 3y ! "3 are solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions. If the system has one solution,
parallel, there are no solutions. name it.
1
1. y ! "2 one; ("1, "2) 2. x ! 2 one; (2, "3) 3. y ! $ x one; (2, 1)
c. 3x # 3y ! "3 2
3x " y ! "1 2x # y ! 1
(Lesson 7-1)

y ! "x " 1 x#y!3

Since the graphs of 3x # 3y ! "3 and y ! "x " 1 coincide, y y y
3x " y ! "1 x#y!3
there are infinitely many solutions. x!2
(2, 1)
O x O x y ! 12 x
(–1, –2)
Exercises 2x # y ! 1 (2, –3) O x
y ! "2
Use the graph at the right to determine whether each y
system has no solution, one solution, or infinitely 3x # y ! 3
many solutions. 4. 2x # y ! 6 one; (1, 4) 5. 3x # 2y ! 6 no solution 6. 2y ! "4x # 4 infinitely
2x # 2y ! 4 2x " y ! "2 3x # 2y ! "4 y ! "2x # 2 many
1. y ! "x " 3 2. 2x # 2y ! "6 y y y
y!x"1 y ! "x " 3 O x 3x # 2y ! 6
2x # 2y ! "6 2x # y ! 6 (1, 4)
one infinitely many 2y ! "4x # 4
y!x"1 y ! "2x # 2
2x " y ! "2
3. y ! "x " 3 4. 2x # 2y ! "6 y ! "x " 3 O x O x
2x # 2y ! 4 3x # y ! 3 3x # 2y ! "4
O x
none one

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 403 Glencoe Algebra 1 © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 404 Glencoe Algebra 1

Glencoe Algebra 1
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-1 Skills Practice 7-1 Practice (Average)

Graphing Systems of Equations Graphing Systems of Equations

Use the graph at the right to determine whether y Use the graph at the right to determine whether y
each system has no solution, one solution, or y!x#4 each system has no solution, one solution, or
x # 3y ! 3 2x " y ! "3
infinitely many solutions. infinitely many solutions.
x#y!3
x " y ! "4 1. x # y ! 3 2. 2x " y ! "3

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
1. y ! x " 1 2. x " y ! "4 infinitely 2x " 2y ! 2
y ! "x # 1 one y ! x # 4 many x # y ! "3 4x " 2y ! "6 O x
O x no solution infinitely many 4x " 2y ! "6
y ! "x # 1 x # y ! "3
3. y ! x # 4 4. y ! 2x " 3 y!x"1
3. x # 3y ! 3 4. x # 3y ! 3
2x " 2y ! 2 2x " 2y ! 2 x # y ! "3 one 2x " y ! "3 one
y ! 2x " 3
no solution one
Graph each system of equations. Then determine whether the system has no
solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions. If the system has one solution,
Graph each system of equations. Then determine whether the system has no name it.
solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions. If the system has one solution,

Lesson 7-1
name it. 5. 3x " y ! "2 no 6. y ! 2x " 3 infinitely 7. x # 2y ! 3 one;
3x " y ! 0 solution 4x ! 2y # 6 many 3x " y ! "5 ("1, 2)
5. 2x " y ! 1 6. x ! 1 7. 3x # y ! "3 no y y y
y ! "3 one; ("1, "3) 2x # y ! 4 one; (1, 2) 3x # y ! 3 solution 3x " y ! "2 3x " y ! "5
y y y 3x " y ! 0 O x
2x " y ! 1 x!1 3x # y ! 3 x
O y ! 2x " 3 x # 2y ! 3
(1, 2) (–1, 2)
4x ! 2y # 6 x
O
Answers

O x O x O x
y ! "3 2x # y ! 4

A3
(–1, –3)
3x # y ! "3 BUSINESS For Exercises 8 and 9, use the following Dog Treats
40
information.
35
Nick plans to start a home-based business producing and (20, 30)
30 y ! 0.5x # 20
8. y ! x # 2 infinitely 9. x # 3y ! "3 one; 10. y " x ! "1 selling gourmet dog treats. He figures it will cost $20 in
25
x " y ! "2 many x " 3y ! "3 ("3, 0) x # y ! 3 one; (2, 1) operating costs per week plus $0.50 to produce each treat.
He plans to sell each treat for $1.50. 20
y y y
Cost ($)

15
(Lesson 7-1)

x " y ! "2 x " 3y ! "3 8. Graph the system of equations y ! 0.5x # 20 and 10
x#y!3 y ! 1.5x to represent the situation. y ! 1.5x
y!x#2 5
(2, 1)
x x x
9. How many treats does Nick need to sell per week to 0
O (–3, 0) O y " x ! "1 O 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
break even? 20 Sales ($)

x # 3y ! "3 SALES For Exercises 10–12, use the following CD and Video Sales
40
information.
35
A used book store also started selling used CDs and videos. c # v ! 40
11. x " y ! 3 12. x # 2y ! 4 infinitely 13. y ! 2x # 3 no solution 30
In the first week, the store sold 40 used CDs and videos, at
1 25
x " 2y ! 3 one; (3, 0) y ! " $ x # 2 many 3y ! 6x " 6 $4.00 per CD and $6.00 per video. The sales for both CDs
2 20
y y y
and videos totaled $180.00
15
4c # 6v ! 180 (30, 10)
Video Sales ($)

y ! 2x # 3
10. Write a system of equations to c # v ! 40
(3, 0) x # 2y ! 4 10
O x 1
represent the situation. 4c # 6v ! 180
x " 2y ! 3 y! " –2x #2 5

O x O x
11. Graph the system of equations. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
x"y!3 3y ! 6x " 6 12. How many CDs and videos did the store sell in the first CD Sales ($)
week? 30 CDs and 10 videos

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 405 Glencoe Algebra 1 © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 406 Glencoe Algebra 1

Glencoe Algebra 1
Answers
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-1 Reading to Learn Mathematics 7-1 Enrichment

Graphing Systems of Equations
Pre-Activity How can you use graphs to compare the sales of two products? Graphing a Trip
Read the introduction to Lesson 7-1 at the top of page 369 in your textbook. The distance formula, d ! rt, is used to solve many types of d
• What is meant by the term linear function? Sample answer: problems. If you graph an equation such as d ! 50t, the graph is

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
a function whose graph is a line a model for a car going at 50 mi/h. The time the car travels is t;
the distance in miles the car covers is d. The slope of the line is slope is 50
the speed.
50 slope is –25
• What does it mean to say that two lines intersect? Sample answer: Suppose you drive to a nearby town and return. You average
The lines cross. 50 mi/h on the trip out but only 25 mi/h on the trip home. The O 2 t
round trip takes 5 hours. How far away is the town?
The graph at the right represents your trip. Notice that the return
Reading the Lesson trip is shown with a negative slope because you are driving in the
opposite direction.
1. Each figure shows the graph of a system of two equations. Write the letter of the figures

Lesson 7-1
that illustrate each statement. Solve each problem.
A. y B. y
1. Estimate the answer to the problem in the above example. About
how far away is the town?
O x
O x about 80 miles
Answers

2. Graph this trip and solve the problem. An airplane has d

A4
enough fuel for 3 hours of safe flying. On the trip out the pilot
C. y D. y averages 200 mi/h flying against a headwind. On the trip back,
the pilot averages 250 mi/h. How long a trip out can the
pilot make?
O x 2 100
x
about 1 $ hours and 330 miles
O 3
O 1 t
(Lesson 7-1)

a. A system of two linear equations can have an infinite number of solutions. D

3. Graph this trip and solve the 4. Graph this trip and solve the problem. You
b. A system of equations is consistent if there is at least one ordered pair that satisfies problem. You drive to a town drive at an average speed of 50 mi/h to a
both equations. B, C, D 100 miles away. On the trip out you discount shopping plaza, spend 2 hours
c. If two graphs are parallel, there are no ordered pairs that satisfy both equations. A average 25 mi/h. On the trip back you shopping, and then return at an average
average 50 mi/h. How many hours do speed of 25 mi/h. The entire trip takes
d. If a system of equations has exactly one solution, it is independent. B, C you spend driving? 8 hours. How far away is the shopping plaza?

e. If a system of equations has an infinite number of solutions, it is dependent. D

6 hours 100 miles
d d

Helping You Remember

50 50
2. Describe how you can solve a system of equations by graphing. Sample answer:
Graph the equations on the same coordinate plane. Locate any points of O 2 t O 2 t
intersection.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 407 Glencoe Algebra 1 © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 408 Glencoe Algebra 1

Glencoe Algebra 1
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-2 Study Guide and Intervention 7-2 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Substitution Substitution
Substitution One method of solving systems of equations is substitution. Real-World Problems Substitution can also be used to solve real-world problems
involving systems of equations. It may be helpful to use tables, charts, diagrams, or graphs
Example 1 Use substitution to Example 2 to help you organize data.
Solve for one variable, then

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
solve the system of equations. substitute.
y ! 2x x # 3y ! 7 Example CHEMISTRY How much of a 10% saline solution should be mixed
4x " y ! "4 2x " 4y ! "6 with a 20% saline solution to obtain 1000 milliliters of a 12% saline solution?
Substitute 2x for y in the second Solve the first equation for x since the coefficient Let s ! the number of milliliters of 10% saline solution.
equation. of x is 1. Let t ! the number of milliliters of 20% saline solution.
4x " y ! "4 Second equation x # 3y ! 7 First equation Use a table to organize the information.
4x " 2x ! "4 y ! 2x x # 3y " 3y ! 7 " 3y Subtract 3y from each side.
2x ! "4 Combine like terms. x ! 7 " 3y Simplify. 10% saline 20% saline 12% saline
2x "4 Total milliliters s t 1000
$!$ Divide each side by 2. Find the value of y by substituting 7 " 3y for x
2 2
in the second equation. Milliliters of saline 0.10s 0.20t 0.12(1000)
x ! "2 Simplify.
2x " 4y ! "6 Second equation
Use y ! 2x to find the value of y. 2(7 " 3y) " 4y ! "6 x ! 7 " 3y Write a system of equations.
y ! 2x First equation 14 " 6y " 4y ! "6 Distributive Property s # t ! 1000
y ! 2("2) x ! "2 14 " 10y ! "6 Combine like terms. 0.10s # 0.20t ! 0.12(1000)
y ! "4 Simplify. 14 " 10y " 14 ! "6 " 14 Subtract 14 from each side. Use substitution to solve this system.
"10y ! "20 Simplify. s # t ! 1000 First equation
The solution is ("2, "4).
"10y "20 s ! 1000 " t Solve for s.
$!$ Divide each side by "10.
"10 "10 0.10s # 0.20t ! 0.12(1000) Second equation
Answers

Lesson 7-2
y!2 Simplify. 0.10(1000 " t) # 0.20t ! 0.12(1000) s ! 1000 " t

A5
Use y ! 2 to find the value of x. 100 " 0.10t # 0.20t ! 0.12(1000) Distributive Property
100 # 0.10t ! 0.12(1000) Combine like terms.
x ! 7 " 3y 0.10t ! 20 Simplify.
x ! 7 " 3(2) 0.10t 20
x!1 $!$ Divide each side by 0.10.
0.10 0.10
The solution is (1, 2). t ! 200 Simplify.
s # t ! 1000 First equation
Exercises s # 200 ! 1000 t ! 200
(Lesson 7-2)

s ! 800 Solve for s.

Use substitution to solve each system of equations. If the system does not have 800 milliliters of 10% solution and 200 milliliters of 20% solution should be used.
exactly one solution, state whether it has no solution or infinitely many solutions.

1. y ! 4x 2. x ! 2y 3. x ! 2y " 3 Exercises
3x " y ! 1 ("1, "4) y ! x " 2 (4, 2) x ! 2y # 4 no solution
1. SPORTS At the end of the 2000-2001 football season, 31 Super Bowl games had been
played with the current two football leagues, the American Football Conference (AFC) and
4. x " 2y ! "1 5. c " 4d ! 1 infinitely 6. x # 2y ! 0 the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFC won five more games than the AFC.
3y ! x # 4 (5, 3) 2c " 8d ! 2 many 3x # 4y ! 4 (4, "2) How many games did each conference win? Source: New York Times Almanac AFC 13; NFC 18

2. CHEMISTRY A lab needs to make 100 gallons of an 18% acid solution by mixing a 12%
7. 2b ! 6a " 14 infinitely 8. x # y ! 16 9. y ! "x # 3 no acid solution with a 20% solution. How many gallons of each solution are needed?
3a " b ! 7 many 2y ! "2x # 2 no solution 2y # 2x ! 4 solution 25 gal of 12% solution and 75 gal of 20% solution

3. GEOMETRY The perimeter of a triangle is 24 inches. The longest side is 4 inches longer
10. x ! 2y (20, 10) 11. x " 2y ! "5 12. "0.2x # y ! 0.5 than the shortest side, and the shortest side is three-fourths the length of the middle
0.25x # 0.5y ! 10 x # 2y ! "1 ("3, 1) 0.4x # y ! 1.1 (1, 0.7) side. Find the length of each side of the triangle. 6 in., 8 in., 10 in.

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 409 Glencoe Algebra 1 © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 410 Glencoe Algebra 1

Glencoe Algebra 1
Answers
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-2 Skills Practice 7-2 Practice (Average)

Substitution Substitution
Use substitution to solve each system of equations. If the system does not have Use substitution to solve each system of equations. If the system does not have
exactly one solution, state whether it has no solution or infinitely many solutions. exactly one solution, state whether it has no solution or infinitely many solutions.

1. y ! 4x 2. y ! 2x 1. y ! 6x 2. x ! 3y 3. x ! 2y # 7

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
x # y ! 5 (1, 4) x # 3y ! "14 ("2, "4) 2x # 3y ! "20 ("1, "6) 3x " 5y ! 12 (9, 3) x ! y # 4 (1, "3)

4. y ! 2x " 2 5. y ! 2x # 6 6. 3x # y ! 12
3. y ! 3x 4. x ! "4y y ! x # 2 (4, 6) 2x " y ! 2 no solution y ! "x " 2 (7, "9)
2x # y ! 15 (3, 9) 3x # 2y ! 20 (8, "2)
7. x # 2y ! 13 ("3, 8) 8. x " 2y ! 3 infinitely 9. x " 5y ! 36 ("4, "8)
"2x " 3y ! "18 4x " 8y ! 12 many 2x # y ! "16
5. y ! x " 1 6. x ! y " 7
x # y ! 3 (2, 1) x # 8y ! 2 ("6, 1)
10. 2x " 3y ! "24 11. x # 14y ! 84 12. 0.3x " 0.2y ! 0.5
x # 6y ! 18 ("6, 4) 2x " 7y ! "7 (14, 5) x " 2y ! "5 (5, 5)

7. y ! 4x " 1 8. y ! 3x # 8
1
y ! 2x " 5 ("2, "9) 5x # 2y ! 5 ("1, 5) 13. 0.5x # 4y ! "1 14. 3x " 2y ! 11 15. $ x # 2y ! 12
2
x # 2.5y ! 3.5 (6, "1) 1
x"$
2
y!4 (5, 2) x " 2y ! 6 (12, 3)

1
Answers

9. 2x " 3y ! 21 10. y ! 5x " 8 16. $ x " y ! 3 17. 4x " 5y ! "7 18. x " 3y ! "4

Lesson 7-2
y ! 3 " x (6, "3) 4x # 3y ! 33 (3, 7) 3

A6
y ! 5x 2x # 6y ! 5
2x # y ! 25
1
(12, 1) !$13 , 1$23 " !"$43 , 1$
12 "
11. x # 2y ! 13 12. x # 5y ! 4
3x " 5y ! 6 (7, 3) 3x # 15y ! "1 no solution EMPLOYMENT For Exercises 19–21, use the following information.
Kenisha sells athletic shoes part-time at a department store. She can earn either $500 per
month plus a 4% commission on her total sales, or $400 per month plus a 5% commission on
total sales.
(Lesson 7-2)

13. 3x " y ! 4 14. x # 4y ! 8

2x " 3y ! "9 (3, 5) 2x " 5y ! 29 (12, "1) 19. Write a system of equations to represent the situation.
y ! 0.04x # 500 and y ! 0.05x # 400
20. What is the total price of the athletic shoes Kenisha needs to sell to earn the same
15. x " 5y ! 10 16. 5x " 2y ! 14 income from each pay scale? $10,000
2x " 10y ! 20 infinitely many 2x " y ! 5 (4, 3)
21. Which is the better offer? the first offer if she expects to sell less than
$10,000 in shoes, and the second offer if she expects to sell more than
$10,000 in shoes
17. 2x # 5y ! 38 18. x " 4y ! 27
x " 3y ! "3 (9, 4) 3x # y ! "23 ("5, "8) MOVIE TICKETS For Exercises 22 and 23, use the following information.
Tickets to a movie cost $7.25 for adults and $5.50 for students. A group of friends purchased
8 tickets for $52.75.
19. 2x # 2y ! 7 20. 2.5x # y ! "2 22. Write a system of equations to represent the situation.
3
x " 2y ! "1 2, $ ! " 3x # 2y ! 0 ("2, 3) x # y ! 8 and 7.25x # 5.5y ! 52.75
2
23. How many adult tickets and student tickets were purchased? 5 adult and 3 student

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7-2 Reading to Learn Mathematics 7-2 Enrichment

Substitution
Pre-Activity How can a system of equations be used to predict media use? Equations of Lines and Planes in Intercept Form
Read the introduction to Lesson 7-2 at the top of page 376 in your textbook. One form that a linear equation may take is intercept z

• What is the system of equations? y ! "2.8x # 170, y ! 14.4x # 2 form. The constants a and b are the x- and y-intercepts

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
of the graph.
• Based on the graph, are there 0, 1, or infinitely many solutions of the x y
$ # $ !1
system? 1 solution a b
In three-dimensional space, the equation of a plane
takes a similar form.
Reading the Lesson
x y z O y
1. Describe how you would use substitution to solve each system of equations. $ # $ # $ !1
a b c
x y
–
8
Substitute "2x for y in the second equation. Simplify Here, the constants a, b, and c are the points where the # –7 # z–6 ! 1
a. y ! "2x
x # 3y ! 15 and solve for x. Then use the value of x to find the plane meets the x, y, and z-axes.
value of y. x
Solve each problem.
b. 3x " 2y ! 12 Substitute 2y for x in the first equation. Simplify and x y z 2. For the plane in Exercise 1, write an
1. Graph the equation $ # $ # $ ! 1. equation for the line where the plane
x ! 2y solve for y. Then use the value of y to find the value 3 2 1
of x. z intersects the xy-plane. Use intercept
forms.
x y
Answers

$ # $ !1

Lesson 7-2
c. x # 2y ! 7 Solve the first equation for x. Substitute the expression

A7
2x " 8y ! 8 you find for x in the second equation. Simplify and solve 3. Write an equation for the line where
for y. Then use the value of y to find the value of x. the plane intersects the xz-plane.
O y
x z
$ # $ !1
d. "3x # 5y ! 81 Solve the second equation for y. Substitute the
2x # y ! 24 expression you find for y in the first equation. Simplify x 4. Write an equation for the line where
and solve for x. Then use the value of x to find the the plane intersects the yz-plane.
value of y. y z
(Lesson 7-2)

$ # $ !1
2. Jess solved a system of equations and her result was "8 ! "8. All of her work was x y z
correct. Describe the graph of the system. Explain. It is a line. There are infinitely 5. Graph the equation $ # $ # $ ! 1. 6. Write an equation for the xy-plane.
1 4 2
many solutions, since "8 ! "8 is always true. z z!0

7. Write an equation for the yz-plane.

3. Miguel solved a system of equations and his result was 5 ! "2. All of his work was
correct. Describe the graph of the system. Explain. The graph has two parallel x!0
lines, since 5 ! "2 is always false.
O y 8. Write an equation for a plane parallel
to the xy-plane with a z-intercept of 2.

Helping You Remember z!2

x
4. What is usually the first step in solving a system of equations by substitution? Sample 9. Write an equation for a plane parallel
answer: Solve one of the equations for one variable in terms of the other. to the yz-plane with an x-intercept of 23.
x ! "3

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7-3 Study Guide and Intervention 7-3 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Elimination Using Addition and Subtraction Elimination Using Addition and Subtraction
Elimination Using Addition In systems of equations in which the coefficients of the Elimination Using Subtraction In systems of equations where the coefficients of the
x or y terms are additive inverses, solve the system by adding the equations. Because one of x or y terms are the same, solve the system by subtracting the equations.
the variables is eliminated, this method is called elimination.
Example Use subtraction to solve the system of equations.

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Example 1 Use addition to solve the Example 2 The sum of two numbers 2x " 3y ! 11
system of equations. is 70 and their difference is 24. Find 5x " 3y ! 14
x " 3y ! 7 the numbers. 2x " 3y ! 11 Write the equations in column form and subtract.
3x # 3y ! 9 Let x represent one number and y represent (") 5x " 3y ! 14
Write the equations in column form and add the other number. "3x ! "3 Subtract the two equations. y is eliminated.
to eliminate y. x # y ! 70 "3x "3
$ !$ Divide each side by "3.
x " 3y ! 7 (#) x " y ! 24 "3 "3
(#) 3x # 3y ! 9 2x ! 94 x!1 Simplify.
4x ! 16 2x 94 2(1) " 3y ! 11 Substitute 1 for x in either equation.
$!$
Solve for x. 2 2 2 " 3y ! 11 Simplify.
4x 16 x ! 47 2 " 3y " 2 ! 11 " 2 Subtract 2 from each side.
$!$
4 4 Substitute 47 for x in either equation. "3y ! 9 Simplify.
x!4 47 # y ! 70 "3y 9
$ !$ Divide each side by "3.
Substitute 4 for x in either equation and 47 # y " 47 ! 70 " 47 "3 "3
solve for y. y ! 23 y ! "3 Simplify.
4 " 3y ! 7 The numbers are 47 and 23. The solution is (1, "3).
4 " 3y " 4 ! 7 " 4
Answers

"3y ! 3

A8
"3y 3 Exercises
$!$
"3 "3
y ! "1 Use elimination to solve each system of equations.
The solution is (4, "1).
1. 6x # 5y ! 4 2. 3m " 4n ! "14 3. 3a # b ! 1
6x " 7y ! "20 3m # 2n ! "2 a#b!3
Exercises
("1, 2) ("2, 2) ("1, 4)
Use elimination to solve each system of equations.

Lesson 7-3
(Lesson 7-3)

4. "3x " 4y ! "23 5. c " 3d ! 11 6. x " 2y ! 6

1. x # y ! "4 2. 2m " 3n ! 14 3. 3a " b ! "9 "3x # y ! 2 2c " 3d ! 16 x#y!3
x " y ! 2 ("1, "3) m # 3n ! "11 (1, "4) "3a " 2b ! 0 ("2, 3)
(1, 5) (5, "2) (4, "1)
4. "3x " 4y ! "1 5. 3c # d ! 4 6. "2x # 2y ! 9 3 7. 2a " 3b ! "13 8. 4x # 2y ! 6 9. 5s " t ! 6
3x " y ! "4 ("1, 1) 2c " d ! 6 (2, "2) 2x " y ! "6
"$
! ,3 "
2 2a # 2b ! 7 4x # 4y ! 10 5s # 2t ! 3
7. 2x # 2y ! "2 8. 4x " 2y ! "1 3 9. x " y ! 2 1 5 !"$12 , 4" !$12 , 2" (1, "1)
3x " 2y ! 12 (2, "3) "4x # 4y ! "2
"1, " $
! " x # y ! "3!"$ , "$ "
2 2 2
10. 6x " 3y ! 12 11. x # 2y ! 3.5 12. 0.2x # y ! 0.7
10. 2x " 3y ! 12 11. "0.2x # y ! 0.5 12. 0.1x # 0.3y ! 0.9 11 7 4x " 3y ! 24 x " 3y ! "9 0.2x # 2y ! 1.2
4x # 3y ! 24 (6, 0) 0.2x # 2y ! 1.6 (1, 0.7) 0.1x " 0.3y ! 0.2 $
! ,$ " ("6, "16) ("1.5, 2.5) (1, 0.5)
2 6

13. Rema is older than Ken. The difference of their ages is 12 and the sum of their ages is 13. The sum of two numbers is 70. One number is ten more than twice the other number.
50. Find the age of each. Rema is 31 and Ken is 19. Find the numbers. 50; 20

14. The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 12. The difference of the digits is 2. Find 14. GEOMETRY Two angles are supplementary. The measure of one angle is 10° more than
the number if the units digit is larger than the tens digit. 57 three times the other. Find the measure of each angle. 42.5%; 137.5%

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NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-3 Skills Practice 7-3 Practice (Average)

Elimination Using Addition and Subtraction Elimination Using Addition and Subtraction
Use elimination to solve each system of equations. Use elimination to solve each system of equations.

1. x " y ! 1 2. "x # y ! 1 1. x " y ! 1 2. p # q ! "2 3. 4x # y ! 23

x # y ! 3 (2, 1) x # y ! 11 (5, 6) x # y ! "9 p"q!8 3x " y ! 12

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
("4, "5) (3, "5) (5, 3)
3. x # 4y ! 11 4. "x # 3y ! 6
x " 6y ! 11 (11, 0) x # 3y ! 18 (6, 4) 4. 2x # 5y ! "3 5. 3x # 2y ! "1 6. 5x # 3y ! 22
2x # 2y ! 6 4x # 2y ! "6 5x " 2y ! 2
(6, "3) ("5, 7) (2, 4)
5. 3x # 4y ! 19 6. x # 4y ! "8
3x # 6y ! 33 ("3, 7) x " 4y ! "8 ("8, 0) 7. 5x # 2y ! 7 8. 3x " 9y ! "12 9. "4c " 2d ! "2
"2x # 2y ! "14 3x " 15y ! "6 2c " 2d ! "14
7. 3a # 4b ! 2 8. 3c " d ! "1 (3, "4) ("7, "1) ("2, 5)
4a " 4b ! 12 (2, "1) "3c " d ! 5 ("1, "2)
10. 2x " 6y ! 6 11. 7x # 2y ! 2 12. 4.25x " 1.28y ! "9.2
2x # 3y ! 24 7x " 2y ! "30 x # 1.28y ! 17.6
9. 2x " 3y ! 9 10. x " y ! 4
"5x " 3y ! 30 ("3, "5) 2x # y ! "4 (0, "4) (9, 2) ("2, 8) (1.6, 12.5)

13. 2x # 4y ! 10 14. 2.5x # y ! 10.7 15. 6m " 8n ! 3

Answers

11. 3m " n ! 26 12. 5x " y ! "6 x " 4y ! "2.5 2.5x # 2y ! 12.9 2m " 8n ! "3

A9
"2m " n ! "24 (10, 4) "x # y ! 2 ("1, 1)
(2.5, 1.25) (3.4, 2.2) !1$12 , $34 "
1 4 3 1
16. 4a # b ! 2 17. " $ x " $ y ! "2 18. $ x " $ y ! 8
13. 6x " 2y ! 32 14. 3x # 2y ! "19 3 3 4 2
4a # 3b ! 10
4x " 2y ! 18 (7, 5) "3x " 5y ! 25 ("5, "2) 1 2 3 1
$x " $y ! 4 $ x # $ y ! 19
3 3 2 2
!"$12 , 4"
15. 7m # 4n ! 2 16. 2x " 5y ! "28 (10, "1) (12, 2)
Lesson 7-3
(Lesson 7-3)

7m # 2n ! 8 (2, "3) 4x # 5y ! 4 ("4, 4)

19. The sum of two numbers is 41 and their difference is 5. What are the numbers? 18, 23

17. The sum of two numbers is 28 and their difference is 4. What are the numbers? 12, 16 20. Four times one number added to another number is 36. Three times the first number
minus the other number is 20. Find the numbers. 8, 4

18. Find the two numbers whose sum is 29 and whose difference is 15. 7, 22 21. One number added to three times another number is 24. Five times the first number
added to three times the other number is 36. Find the numbers. 3, 7

19. The sum of two numbers is 24 and their difference is 2. What are the numbers? 13, 11 22. LANGUAGES English is spoken as the first or primary language in 78 more countries
than Farsi is spoken as the first language. Together, English and Farsi are spoken as a
first language in 130 countries. In how many countries is English spoken as the first
20. Find the two numbers whose sum is 54 and whose difference is 4. 25, 29 language? In how many countries is Farsi spoken as the first language?
English: 104 countries, Farsi: 26 countries
21. Two times a number added to another number is 25. Three times the first number minus 23. DISCOUNTS At a sale on winter clothing, Cody bought two pairs of gloves and four hats
the other number is 20. Find the numbers. 9, 7 for $43.00. Tori bought two pairs of gloves and two hats for $30.00. What were the prices
for the gloves and hats? gloves: $8.50, hats: $6.50.

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7-3 Reading to Learn Mathematics 7-3 Enrichment

Elimination Using Addition and Subtraction
Pre-Activity How can you use a system of equations to solve problems about Rózsa Péter
weather?
Rózsa Péter (1905–1977) was a Hungarian mathematician dedicated to
Read the introduction to Lesson 7-3 at the top of page 382 in your textbook. teaching others about mathematics. As professor of mathematics at a

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
What fact explains why the variable d gets eliminated from the system of teachers’ college in Budapest, she wrote several mathematics textbooks
equations? d " d ! 0 and championed reforms in the teaching of mathematics. In 1945 she
wrote Playing with Infinity: Mathematical Explorations and Excursions,
a popular work in which she attempted to convey the spirit of
mathematics to the general public.
Reading the Lesson By far Péter’s greatest contribution to mathematics was her pioneering
1. Write addition or subtraction to tell which operation it would be easiest to use to research in the field of recursive function theory. When you evaluate a
eliminate a variable of the system. Explain your choice. function recursively, you begin with one initial value of x. Working from
this single number, you can use the function to generate an entire
sequence of numbers. For instance, here is how you use an initial
System of Equations Operation Explanation value of x ! 1 to evaluate the function f(x) ! 3x recursively.

a. 3x # 5y ! 12 addition The coefficients of the x terms are f(1) ! 3(1) ! 3

"3x # 2y ! 6 additive inverses. ↓
f(3) ! 3(3) ! 9
↓
b. 3x # 5y ! 7 subtraction The coefficients of the x terms are f(9) ! 3(9) ! 27
Answers

3x " 2y ! 8 the same. ↓

f(27) ! 3(27) ! 81

A10
↓
f(81) ! 3(81) ! 243
c. "x " 4y ! 9 subtraction The coefficients of the y terms are
4x " 4y ! 6 the same. ↓

The first five numbers of the sequence generated by this function are
3, 9, 27, 81, and 243.

Lesson 7-3
(Lesson 7-3)

d. 5x " 7y ! 17 addition The coefficients of the y terms are

8x # 7y ! 9 additive inverses. Write the first five numbers of the sequence generated by each
function, using the given number as the initial value of x.

1. f(x) ! 3x; x ! 2 2. g(x) ! x " 5; x ! 1

6, 18, 54, 162, 486 "4, "9, "14, "19, "24
Helping You Remember
2. Tell how you can decide whether to use addition or subtraction to eliminate a variable in
3. f(x) ! 2x # 1; x ! "3 4. f(x) ! x2; x ! 2
a system of equations. Sample answer: Look at the coefficients of each
variable. If the coefficients of one of the variables are additive inverses, "5, "9, "17, "33, "65 4; 16; 256; 65,536; 4,294,967,296
you can use addition to eliminate the variable. If the coefficients of one
variable are the same, you can use subtraction to eliminate the variable.
1
5. h(x) ! "x; x ! 3 6. k(x) ! $ ; x ! 10
x
1 1 1
"3, 3, "3, 3, "3 $ , 10, $ , 10, $
10 10 10

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7-4 Study Guide and Intervention 7-4 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Elimination Using Multiplication Elimination Using Multiplication

Elimination Using Multiplication Some systems of equations cannot be solved Determine the Best Method The methods to use for solving systems of linear
simply by adding or subtracting the equations. In such cases, one or both equations must equations are summarized in the table below.
first be multiplied by a number before the system can be solved by elimination.
Method The Best Time to Use

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Example 1 Use elimination to solve Example 2 Use elimination to solve Graphing to estimate the solution, since graphing usually does not give an exact solution
the system of equations. the system of equations. Substitution if one of the variables in either equation has a coefficient of 1 or "1
x # 10y ! 3 3x " 2y ! "7 Elimination Using Addition if one of the variables has opposite coefficients in the two equations
4x # 5y ! 5 2x " 5y ! 10
Elimination Using Subtraction if one of the variables has the same coefficient in the two equations
If you multiply the second equation by "2, If you multiply the first equation by 2 and
you can eliminate the y terms. the second equation by "3, you can if none of the coefficients are 1 or "1 and neither of the variables can be
Elimination Using Multiplication
eliminate the x terms. eliminated by simply adding or subtracting the equations
x # 10y ! 3
(#) "8x " 10y ! "10 6x " 4y ! "14
(#) "6x # 15y ! "30 Example Determine the best method to solve the system of equations. Then
"7x ! "7
"7x "7 11y ! "44 solve the system.
$!$
"7 "7 11y "44 6x # 2y ! 20
$ !$
x!1 11 11 "2x # 4y ! "16
Substitute 1 for x in either equation. y ! "4
Since the coefficients of x will be additive inverses of each other if you multiply the second
1 # 10y ! 3 Substitute "4 for y in either equation. equation by 3, use elimination.
1 # 10y " 1 ! 3 " 1 3x " 2("4) ! "7 6x # 2y ! 20 6x # 2("2) ! 20 Substitute "2 for y in
10y ! 2 3x # 8 ! "7 (#) "6x # 12y ! "48 Multiply the second equation by 3. either equation.
10y 2 3x # 8 "8 ! "7 "8
Answers

$!$ 6x " 4 ! 20 Simplify.

10 10 3x ! "15 14y ! "28 Add the two equations. x is eliminated.
14y "28 6x " 4 # 4 ! 20 # 4 Add 4 to each side.
3x "15

A11
1 $!$ $ ! $ Divide each side by 14. 6x ! 24 Simplify.
y!$ 3 3 14 14
5 6x 24
y ! "2 Simplify. $!$ Divide each side by 6.
1 x ! "5 6 6
The solution is 1, $ .
! "
5 The solution is ("5, "4). x!4 Simplify.
The solution is (4, "2).
Exercises
Use elimination to solve each system of equations. Exercises
(Lesson 7-4)

1. 2x # 3y ! 6 2. 2m # 3n ! 4 3. 3a " b ! 2 Determine the best method to solve each system of equations. Then solve the system.
x # 2y ! 5 ("3, 4) "m # 2n ! 5 ("1, 2) a # 2b ! 3 (1, 1)
1. x # 2y ! 3 2. m # 6n ! "8 3. a " b ! 6
4. 4x # 5y ! 6 5. 4c " 3d ! 22 6. 3x " 4y ! "4 x#y!1 m ! 2n # 8 a ! 2b # 7
6x " 7y ! "20 ("1, 2) 2c " d ! 10 (4, "2) x # 3y ! "10 ("4, "2) elimination ("); ("1, 2) substitution; (4, "2) substitution; (5, "1)
7. 4s " t ! 9 8. 4a " 3b ! "8 1 9. 2x # 2y ! 5 5 4. 4x # y ! 15 5. 3c " d ! 14 6. x # 2y ! "9
5s # 2t ! 8 (2, "1) 2a # 2b ! 3
"$
! ,2 " 4x " 4y ! 10 $
! ,0 "
2 2 "x " 3y ! "12 c"d!2 y ! 4x
Lesson 7-4

10. 6x " 4y ! "8 1 11. 4x # 2y ! "5 3 1 12. 2x # y ! 3.5 (0.9, 1.7) substitution; (3, 3) elimination ("); (6, 4) substitution; ("1, "4)
4x # 2y ! "3
"1, $ ! " "2x " 4y ! 1!"$ ,$ " "x # 2y ! 2.5
2 2 2 7. 4x ! 2y " 10 8. x ! "2y 9. 2s " 3t ! 42
13. GARDENING The length of Sally’s garden is 4 meters greater than 3 times the width. x # 2y ! 5 4x # 4y ! "10 3s # 2t ! 24
5
The perimeter of her garden is 72 meters. What are the dimensions of Sally’s garden? substitution; ("1, 3) substitution; "5, $! " elimination (&); (12, "6)
2
28 m by 8 m
10. 4a " 4b ! "10 11. 4x # 10y ! "6 12. 2x ! y " 3
1 2a # 4b ! "2 "2x " 10y ! 2 "x # y ! 0
14. Anita is 4 $ years older than Basilio. Three times Anita’s age added to six times Basilio’s 1 1
2
1 elimination (#); "2, $ ! " elimination (#); "2, $ ! " substitution; ("3, "3)
age is 36. How old are Anita and Basilio? Anita: 7 yr; Basilio: 2 $ yr 2 5
2
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NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-4 Skills Practice 7-4 Practice (Average)

Elimination Using Multiplication Elimination Using Multiplication

Use elimination to solve each system of equations. Use elimination to solve each system of equations.

1. x # y ! "9 2. 3x # 2y ! "9 1. 2x " y ! "1 2. 5x " 2y ! "10 3. 7x # 4y ! "4

5x " 2y ! 32 (2, "11) x " y ! "13 ("7, 6) 3x " 2y ! 1 3x # 6y ! 66 5x # 8y ! 28

Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
("3, "5) (2, 10) ("4, 6)
3. 2x # 5y ! 3 4. 2x # y ! 3 4. 2x " 4y ! "22 5. 3x # 2y ! "9 6. 4x " 2y ! 32
"x # 3y ! "7 (4, "1) "4x " 4y ! "8 (1, 1) 3x # 3y ! 30 5x " 3y ! 4 "3x " 5y ! "11
(3, 7) ("1, "3) (7, "2)
5. 4x " 2y ! "14 6. 2x # y ! 0 3
7. 3x # 4y ! 27 8. 0.5x # 0.5y ! "2 9. 2x " $ y ! "7
3x " y ! "8 ("1, 5) 5x # 3y ! 2 ("2, 4) 4
5x " 3y ! 16 x " 0.25y ! 6 1
(5, 3) (4, "8) x # $y ! 0
2
7. 5x # 3y ! "10 8. 2x # 3y ! 14 ("2, 4)
3x # 5y ! "6 ("2, 0) 3x " 4y ! 4 (4, 2)
10. Eight times a number plus five times another number is "13. The sum of the two
numbers is 1. What are the numbers? "6, 7
9. 2x " 3y ! 21 10. 3x # 2y ! "26
5x " 2y ! 25 (3, "5) 4x " 5y ! "4 ("6, "4) 11. Two times a number plus three times another number equals 4. Three times the first
number plus four times the other number is 7. Find the numbers. 5, "2
Answers

11. 3x " 6y ! "3 12. 5x # 2y ! "3

Determine the best method to solve each system of equations. Then solve the

A12
2x # 4y ! 30 (7, 4) 3x # 3y ! 9 ("3, 6)
system.

13. Two times a number plus three times another number equals 13. The sum of the two 12. 5x # 7y ! 3 13. 7x # 2y ! 2 14. "6x " 2y ! 14
numbers is 7. What are the numbers? 8, "1 2x " 7y ! "38 2x " 3y ! "28 6x # 8y ! "20
elimination (#); elimination (&); elimination (#);
("5, 4) ("2, 8) ("2, "1)
14. Four times a number minus twice another number is "16. The sum of the two numbers
(Lesson 7-4)

1
is "1. Find the numbers. "3, 2 15. x ! 2y # 6 16. 4x # 3y ! "2 17. y ! $ x
2
1 4x # 3y ! 3
$x " y ! 3 5
2 $ x " 2y ! 9
2
substitution; infinitely elimination (");
many solutions no solution substitution; (6, 3)
Determine the best method to solve each system of equations. Then solve the system.

15. 2x # 3y ! 10 elimination (&); 16. 8x " 7y ! 18 elimination (#); 18. FINANCE Gunther invested $10,000 in two mutual funds. One of the funds rose 6% in
5x # 2y ! "8 ("4, 6) 3x # 7y ! 26 (4, 2) one year, and the other rose 9% in one year. If Gunther’s investment rose a total of $684
Lesson 7-4

in one year, how much did he invest in each mutual fund?

$7200 in the 6% fund and $2800 in the 9% fund
17. y ! 2x substitution; 18. 3x # y ! 6 elimination (");
3x # 2y ! 35 (5, 10) 3x # y ! 3 no solution 19. CANOEING Laura and Brent paddled a canoe 6 miles upstream in four hours. The
return trip took three hours. Find the rate at which Laura and Brent paddled the canoe
in still water. 1.75 mi/h
19. 3x " 4y ! 17 elimination (&); 20. y ! 3x # 1 substitution;
4x # 5y ! 2 (3, "2) 3x " y ! "1 infinitely many solutions 20. NUMBER THEORY The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 11. If the digits are
reversed, the new number is 45 more than the original number. Find the number. 38

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7-4 Reading to Learn Mathematics 7-4 Enrichment

Elimination Using Multiplication
Pre-Activity How can a manager use a system of equations to plan employee time? George Washington Carver and Percy Julian
Read the introduction to Lesson 7-4 at the top of page 387 in your textbook. In 1990, George Washington Carver and Percy Julian became the first African
Can the system of equations be solved by elimination with addition or Americans elected to the National Inventors Hall of Fame. Carver (1864–1943)

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subtraction? Explain. No; neither variable has coefficients that are was an agricultural scientist known worldwide for developing hundreds of uses
for the peanut and the sweet potato. His work revitalized the economy of the
additive inverses or equal. southern United States because it was no longer dependent solely upon cotton.
Julian (1898–1975) was a research chemist who became famous for inventing
a method of making a synthetic cortisone from soybeans. His discovery has
had many medical applications, particularly in the treatment of arthritis.
Reading the Lesson
1. Could elimination by multiplication be used to solve the system shown below? Explain. There are dozens of other African American inventors whose accomplishments
are not as well known. Their inventions range from common household items
3x " 5y ! 15
like the ironing board to complex devices that have revolutionized
"6x # 7y ! 11 manufacturing. The exercises that follow will help you identify just a few of
Yes; you can multiply the first equation by 2 to make the coefficients of these inventors and their inventions.
the x terms additive inverses.
Match the inventors with their inventions by matching each system
2. Tell whether it would be easiest to use substitution, elimination by addition, elimination with its solution. (Not all the solutions will be used.)
by subtraction, or elimination by multiplication to solve the system. Explain your choice.
1. Sara Boone x#y!2 E A. (1, 4) automatic traffic signal
System of Equations Solution Method Explanation x " y ! 10
Answers

a. "3x # 4y ! 2 elimination by The coefficients of the x terms are 2. Sarah Goode x!2"y D B. (4, "2) eggbeater

A13
3x # 2y ! 10 addition additive inverses. 2y # x ! 9

3. Frederick M. y ! 2x # 6 G C. ("2, 3) fire extinguisher

b. x " 2y ! 0 substitution It is easy to solve the first equation Jones y ! "x " 3
5x " 4y ! 8 for x.
4. J. L. Love 2x # 3y ! 8 F D. ("5, 7) folding cabinet bed
2x " y ! "8
(Lesson 7-4)

c. 6x " 5y ! "18 elimination by Sample answer: You can multiply the

2x # 10y ! 27 multiplication first equation by 2 to eliminate y by 5. T. J. Marshall y " 3x ! 9 C E. (6, "4) ironing board
addition. 2y # x ! 4

d. "2x # 3y ! 9 elimination by The coefficients of the y terms are 6. Jan Matzeliger y # 4 ! 2x J F. ("2, 4) pencil sharpener
3x # 3y ! 12 subtraction the same. 6x " 3y ! 12

7. Garrett A. 3x " 2y ! "5 A G. ("3, 0) portable X-ray machine

Lesson 7-4

Morgan 3y " 4x ! 8
Helping You Remember
8. Norbert Rillieux 3x " y ! 12 I H. (2, "3) player piano
3. If you are going to solve a system by elimination, how do you decide whether you will
y " 3x ! 15
need to multiply one or both equations by a number? Sample answer: If both
adding the equations and subtracting the equations result in equations I. no solution evaporating pan for refining sugar
that still have two variables, you will need to use multiplication.
J. infinitely lasting (shaping)
many machine for
solutions manufacturing shoes

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7-5 Study Guide and Intervention 7-5 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Graphing Systems of Inequalities Graphing Systems of Inequalities

Systems of Inequalities The solution of a system of inequalities is the set of all Real-World Problems In real-world problems, sometimes only whole numbers make
ordered pairs that satisfy both inequalities. If you graph the inequalities in the same sense for the solution, and often only positive values of x and y make sense.
coordinate plane, the solution is the region where the graphs overlap.

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Example 1 Solve the system of inequalities y
Example BUSINESS AAA Gem Company produces 50
by graphing. necklaces and bracelets. In a 40-hour week, the company 40
y'x#2 has 400 gems to use. A necklace requires 40 gems and a 30
y!x#2 bracelet requires 10 gems. It takes 2 hours to produce a 10b # 40n ! 400
y ( "2x " 1 20
Bracelets

O x necklace and a bracelet requires one hour. How many of b # 2n ! 40

The solution includes the ordered pairs in the intersection of the 10
y ! "2x " 1 each type can be produced in a week?
graphs. This region is shaded at the right. The graphs of y ! x # 2 0 10 20 30 40 50
and y ! "2x " 1 are boundaries of this region. The graph of Let n ! the number of necklaces that will be produced and b ! the Necklaces
y ! x # 2 is dashed and is not included in the graph of y % x # 2. number of bracelets that will be produced. Neither n or b can be a
negative number, so the following system of inequalities represents
Example 2 y
the conditions of the problems.
Solve the system of inequalities
by graphing. x#y!4 n(0
x#y'4 b(0
x # y ) "1
x b # 2n ' 40
The graphs of x # y ! 4 and x # y ! "1 are parallel. Because the O 10b # 40n ' 400
two regions have no points in common, the system of inequalities
x # y ! "1
has no solution. The solution is the set ordered pairs in the intersection of the graphs. This region is shaded
Answers

at the right. Only whole-number solutions, such as (5, 20) make sense in this problem.

A14
Exercises
Solve each system of inequalities by graphing.
Exercises
1. y % "1 2. y % "2x # 2 3. y & x # 1 For each exercise, graph the solution set. List three possible solutions to the
x&0 y'x#1 3x # 4y ( 12 problem.
y y y
x!0 1. HEALTH Mr. Flowers is on a restricted 2. RECREATION Maria had $150 in gift
(Lesson 7-5)

y ! "2x # 2 3x # 4y ! 12 diet that allows him to have between certificates to use at a record store. She
1600 and 2000 Calories per day. His bought fewer than 20 recordings. Each
O x O x O x daily fat intake is restricted to between tape cost $5.95 and each CD cost $8.95.
45 and 55 grams. What daily Calorie How many of each type of recording might
y ! "1
and fat intakes are acceptable? she have bought?
y!x#1 y!x#1
60 30
50 25
t # c ! 20
4. 2x # y ( 1 5. y ' 2x # 3 6. 5x " 2y & 6 40 20
x " y ( "2 y ( "1 # 2x y % "x # 1 30 15
5.95t # 8.95c ! 150
20 10
Fat Grams

y y y
Compact Discs

10 5
y ! 2x # 3
2x # y ! 1 0 1000 2000 3000 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
y ! "x # 1 Calories Tapes
O x O x O x
y ! "1 # 2x Sample answers: 1600 Calories, Sample answers: 10 tapes, 9 CDs;
5x " 2y ! 6
x " y ! "2 45 fat grams; 1800 Calories, 50 fat 0 tapes, 16 CDs; 14 tapes, 5 CDs
Lesson 7-5

grams; 2000 Calories, 55 fat grams

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7-5 Skills Practice 7-5 Practice (Average)

Graphing Systems of Inequalities Graphing Systems of Inequalities

Solve each system of inequalities by graphing. Solve each system of inequalities by graphing.

1. x % "1 2. y % 2 3. y % x # 3 1. y % x " 2 2. y ( x # 2 3. x # y ( 1
y ' "3 x & "2 y ' "1 y'x y % 2x # 3 x # 2y % 1

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y y y y y y
y!2
y!x#3
x ! "1
y!x#2

O x O x O x O x O x x # 2y ! 1 O x
y!x
y ! "3 x ! "2
y ! "1 y!x"2
y ! 2x # 3 x#y!1

4. y & 2x " 1 5. y % x " 4 6. 2x " y ( 2

4. x & 2 5. x # y ' "1 6. y " x % 4 y%2"x 2x # y ' 2 x " 2y ( 2
y"x'2 x#y(3 * x#y%2 y y y
y y y y!x"4
2x " y ! 2
y!2"x
y"x!2 O x
x!2 O x x
x " 2y ! 2 O
O x O x 2x # y ! 2
y"x!4 y ! 2x " 1
O x
x#y!2
Answers

A15
FITNESS For Exercises 7 and 8, use the following Diego’s Routine
7. y % x # 1 8. y ( "x # 2 9. y & 2x # 4 16
information.
y ( "x # 1 y & 2x " 2 y(x#1 14
y y y Diego started an exercise program in which each week he
y ! 2x # 4 12
works out at the gym between 4.5 and 6 hours and walks
10
between 9 and 12 miles.
y ! "x # 2 8
y!x#1
7. Make a graph to show the number of hours Diego works
(Lesson 7-5)

6
O x O x O x out at the gym and the number of miles he walks per week.
Waking (miles)

4
y ! 2x " 2
8. List three possible combinations of working out and 2
y!x#1 walking that meet Diego’s goals. Sample answers:
y ! "x # 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
gym 5 h, walk 9 mi; gym 6 h, walk 10 mi, Gym (hours)
gym 5.5 h, walk 11 mi
Write a system of inequalities for each graph.
SOUVENIRS For Exercises 9 and 10, use the following Turquoise Stones
10. y 11. y 12. y 6
information.
5
Emily wants to buy turquoise stones on her trip to New Mexico
4
to give to at least 4 of her friends. The gift shop sells stones for
3
either $4 or $6 per stone. Emily has no more than $30 to spend.
O x O x O x
$6 Stones

2
9. Make a graph showing the numbers of each price of stone 1
Emily can purchase.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
10. List three possible solutions. Sample answer: one $4 $4 Stones
stone and four $6 stones; three $4 stones and
Lesson 7-5

y ( x # 2, y + x " 3 y ' "x, y ' x y + x # 1, y ) 1 three $6 stones; five $4 stones and one $6 stone

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Answers
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NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

7-5 Reading to Learn Mathematics 7-5 Enrichment

Graphing Systems of Inequalities
Pre-Activity How can you use a system of inequalities to plan a sensible diet? Describing Regions
Read the introduction to Lesson 7-5 at the top of page 394 in your textbook. The shaded region inside the triangle can be described y
The green section on the graph represents a range of 2000 to 2400 with a system of three inequalities.

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Calories a day and 60 to 75 grams of fat per day. y & 2x # 1
1
y % $x " 3
3 x
O
y % 29x " 31
Reading the Lesson
Write the inequality symbols that you need to get a system whose graph looks like
the one shown. Use ), (, ', or +.

1. y 2. y
Write systems of inequalities to describe each region. You may
y!x#2 first need to divide a region into triangles or quadrilaterals.

O x O x 1. y 2. y
y ! "2x " 1 y ! "2x " 1
y!x#2
Answers

y + x#2 y ) x#2 O x O x

A16
y + "2x " 1 y ) "2x " 1

3. y 4. y

y!x#2 5
y ! "2x " 1 y) $ x # 12 y ' "x " 2 y)x#2
2
O x O x y'x"2 y ) "x # 2
5 19
(Lesson 7-5)

y ! "2x " 1 y ) "$ x# $ y)5 y ' "5

2 2
y!x#2
y)2 y ' "3

y ' x#2 y ( x#2 3 3

3. y top: y ) $ x # 7, y ) " $ x # 7, y ' 4
y ( "2x " 1 y ' "2x " 1 2 2
4
middle: y ) 4, y ' 0, y ' " $ x " 4,
4 3
y' $ x"4
Helping You Remember 3
1
5. Describe how you would explain the process of using a graph to solve a system of O x
bottom left: y ) 4x # 12, y ' $ x " 2,
y ) 0, x ) 0 2
inequalities to a friend who missed Lesson 7-5. Graph each inequality on the
same coordinate plane. The solutions are the ordered pairs for the points
in both graphs. bottom right: y ) "4x # 12,
1
y ' "$ x " 2, y ) 0, x , 0
Lesson 7-5

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