Section 1

Listening Comprehension

In this section of the test, you will have an opportunity to demonstrate your ability to
understand conversations and talks in English. There are there parts to this section
with special directions for each part. Answer all the questions on the basis of what is
started or implied by the speakers in this test. Do not take notes or write in your test
 book at any time. Do not turn the pages until you are told to do so.

Part A

Directions  In !art A, you will hear short conversations between to people. After each
conversation, you will hear a question
qu estion about the conversation. The conversations and
question will not be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible
answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet,
find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of
the answer you have chosen.

"ere is an e#ample.

$n the recording, you hear

In your test book, you read %A& "e doesn't like the painting either 
%(& "e doesn't know how to paint
%)& "e doesn't have any paintings
%D& "e doesn't know what to do

*ou learn from the conversation that neither

n either the man nor the woman likes the
 painting. The best answer to the question +hat does the mean- is %A&, +"e doesn't
doesn't
like the painting either. +Therefore, the correct choice is %A&

/. %A& There are many

many different
different airline
airline fares
fares availabl
available.
e.
%(& Travel agents are
are all the same.
%)& It matters where tickets
tickets are issued.
issued.
%D& It makes no difference
difference where the tickets are purchased

0. %A& They
They should
should bebe picked
picked befor
beforee they'r
they'ree ripe
ripe
%(& They should
should have been picked already
%)& They'll get picked when they turn a certain color 
%D& They won't
won't be picked until ne#t year 

1. %A& A two2bedroom
two2bedroom apartment
apartment many
many be too e#pensi
e#pensive
ve
%(& The woman should not move off
off campus
%)& The woman should pay the rent by check 

/
 %D& The university
university has a list of rental properties
3. %A& The man often
often flat
flatter
terss 4udy
4udy
%(& 4udy is thinking
thinking about getting her hair cut
%)& 5he hasn't
hasn't seen 4udy's new haircut
%D& 5he agrees with
with he man about 4udy's appearance

6. %A&
%A& atch
atchin
ing
g a movi
moviee
%(& Talking on the phone
%)& !icking up her friends
%D& Eating dinner 

7. %A& 8oti
8otify
fy the
the post off
office
ice of his new
new addre
address
ss
%(& )heck to see if the mail has arrived
%)& 5end the letter by special
special delivery
delivery
%D& Answer the letters
letters after he moves

9. %A& "e doesn

doesn't
't like
like his
his new
new glass
glasses
es
%(& "is regular glasses
glasses are being repaired
%)& "e thinks
thinks his eyesight is improving
%D& "e's decided to go without
without glasses
glasses

:. %A& Talk
Talk to
to Dr.
Dr. (oyd about
about an assi
assignm
gnment
ent
%(& ;eturn their
their books to the library
%)& <eet Dr.
Dr. (oyd at the
the library
library
%D& <ake an appointment with theirtheir teacher on =riday

>. %A& There

There is
is no orange
orange ?uice
?uice in the
the machi
machine
ne
%(& "e doesn't like orange ?uice
?uice
%)& "e prefers
prefers milk
milk to
to orange ?uice
%D& The machine is broken

/@. %A& The man

man shouldn't
shouldn't take
take the new ?ob
%(& 5he's
5he's sorry
sorry the man isn't
isn't being promoted
%)& It
It isn't
isn't easy to keep secrets at work 
%D& 5he won't tell
tell anyone about the man's
man's promotion

//. %A& "e has made

made other plans
plans for lunch
%(& "e has already eaten his
his lunch
%)& "e'd like to ask (ill to ?oin them
%D& "e's
"e's meeting
meeting (ill in he cafeteria tomorrow
tomorrow

/0. %A& )omplainin

)omplainingg about he man's
man's behavior 
%(& ;epeating an insensitive remark 
%)& Denying her involvement in an argument
%D& Accepting the man's
man's apology

0
/1. %A& The man may use the telephone soon
%(& The man should hurry
%)& 5he'll call eorge for the man
%D& 5he's waiting for a call

/3. %A& 5he's difficult to understand

%(& 5he gives longer assignments than !rofessor (rown
%)& "er lectures are interesting
%D& "er class meets more often than !rofessor (rown's

/6. %A& The e#am had more sections than she e#pected
%(& 5he was surprised that the e#am was so difficult
%)& !art of the e#am was easier than she e#pected
%D& 5he didn't have time to study for the e#am

/7. %A& "e's only finished half of his lunch

%(& "e's going to eat soon
%)& "e'll continue to work until her finishes
%D& "e'll start working half an hour from now

/9. %A& The bank was closed when she got there
%(& The bank stayed open later than usual
%)& 5he was able to do her banking
%D& 5he didn't have enough time to go to the bank 

/:. %A& The man has to sign his name

%(& The woman will give the man an information kit
%)& The woman can't find the list
%D& The man has already paid to attend the conference

/>. %A& 5he doesn't know the way

%(& The cafB is near the information desk 
%)& The man should get his own map
%D& The cafB isn't marked on the map

0@. %A& "e'd like to get a ride from the woman

%(& "e lives very near he woman
%)& "e doesn't want to go downtown
%D& "e thinks the woman is going the wrong way

0/. %A& "e'll see he woman at the dentist's office

%(& "e'll miss seeing the woman at work 
%)& "e'll try to make arrangements for the woman
%D& "e'll schedule a different dental appointment

1
00. %A& The woman should avoid getting cold
%(& It's easy to get sick in cold weather 
%)& The woman should get more rest
%D& Dressing warmly can prevent illness

01. %A& The man won't be ready for tonight's class

%(& The man will not be able to go to the store before class
%)& 5he'll take the man to the mall tonight
%D& The class schedule has been changed

03. %A& ;ichard often goes home early

%(& The woman e#pected ;ichard to be at home
%)& ;ichard should not leave work early
%D& The woman called ;ichard 1@ minutes ago

06. %A& 5he doesn't have time to buy groceries now

%(& The store will probably go out of business soon
%)& 5he hopes the store hasn't already closed
%D& The store on the corner has inconvenient hours

07. %A& The man's house has no electricity

%(& The TC's plug might be broken
%)& The man can't afford to fi# the TC
%D& The TC might not need to be fi#ed

09. %A& et a new computer for the woman

%(& Ask ary to move the woman's furniture
%)& =ind out if a bigger office is available
%D& ;equest a new chair for the woman

0:. %A& The supervisor hasn't e#plained what he needs to do

%(& "is work is viewed favorably
%)& "e's impressed by his supervisor 
%D& "is back problems have affected his work recently

0>. %A& The slide pro?ector has been repaired

%(& The room is ready for the meeting
%)& "e'll take care of the slide pro?ector after lunch
%D& Everyone is waiting for the meeting to begin

1@. %A& ear a blue ?acket

%(& Dress warmly
%)& ear something cool
%D& ear cotton pants

3
 Part B

Directions  In this part of the test, you will hear longer conversations. After each
conversation, you will hear several questions. The conversations and questions will not
 be repeated.

After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the
 best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the
space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

;emember, you are not allowed to take notes or write in your test book.

1/. %A& To get help in finding a new college

%(& To change his ma?or 
%)& To fill out an application for college
%D& To find out how to change dormitories

10. %A& A small school does not offer a wide range of courses
%(& "is tuition will not be refunded
%)& )hanging ma?ors involves a lot of paperwork 
%D& "e may not be able to transfer all his credits

11. %A& "e doesn't like his professors

%(& "is classes are too difficult
%)& "e can't transfer his credits from his previous school
%D& "e doesn't get along with his roommate

13. %A& The registrar's office

%(& The admissions office
%)& The housing office
%D& The math department

16. %A& 5he has won a literary award

%(& 5he has been profiled in a literary ?ournal
%)& "er novel has sold very well
%D& "er contract with a publisher has been e#tended

17. %A& A criminal

%(& A poet
%)& A radio announcer 
%D& A police officer 

19. %A& To learn more about her research findings

%(& To learn how she writes so many books
%)& To find out how she learned to write poetry

6
 %D& To find ways to improve his own writing
1:. %A& To take notes for newspaper articles
%(& To keep track of the number of hours she spends writing
%)& To record ideas she has when she is not at her desk 
%D& To document evidence for a police investigation

Part C

Directions  In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks. After each talk, you
will hear some questions. The talks and the questions will not be repeated.

After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the
 best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the
space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

"ere is an e#ample.

$n the recording, you hear.

 8ow listen to a sample question.

In your test book, you read %A& To demonstrate the latest use of computer graphics
%(& To discuss the possibility of an economic depression
%)& To e#plain the workings of the brain
%D& To dramatie a famous mystery story

The best answer to the question +hat is the main purpose of the program- is %)&, +To
e#plain the workings of the brain. +Therefore, the correct choice is %)&

 8ow listen to another sample question

In your test book, you read %A& It is required of all science ma?ors
%(& It will never be shown again
%)& It can help viewers improve their memory skills
%D& It will help with course work 

The best answer to question +hy does the speaker recommend watching the program-
is %D&, +It will help with course work. +Therefore, the correct choice is %D&.

;emember, you are not allowed do take notes or write in your test book.

1>. %A& !reparing for a hurricane

%(& Damage caused by a hurricane
%)& )oastal weather patterns
%D& Evacuation procedures

7
3@. %A& The navy
%(& A government weather agency
%)& 5tate police headquarters
%D& A local shelter 

3/. %A& )over windows

%(& (uy a supply of food and water 
%)& ocate the nearest shelter 
%D& eave coastal areas

30. %A& as stations might not be open

%(& =uel might increase in price
%)& They may need to drive neighbors to shelters
%D& There may be long lines at the gas stations

31. %A& The economic impact of mail delivery on rural areas

%(& A comparison of urban and rural mail delivery
%)& overnment mail delivery in cities
%D& The introduction of mail delivery in rural areas

33. %A& It was paid for by the Fnited 5tates )ongress

%(& It was run by private companies
%)& It was regulated by the government
%D& It was mainly for farmers

36. %A& <any post office locations were inconvenient

%(& (ad roads delayed mail delivery
%)& The postal rates were too high
%D& There were not enough mail carriers to deliver mail

37. %A& They were indifferent to it

%(& They thought is should have been done long before
%)& They thought it was unnecessary
%D& They thought I had to be accepted despite its cost

39. %A& The properties of quart crystals

%(& A method of identifying minerals
%)& The life of =riedrich <ohs
%D& A famous collection of minerals

3:. %A& Its estimated value

%(& Its crystalline structure
%)& Its chemical composition
%D& Its relative hardness

9
 3>. %A& )ollect some minerals as homework 
%(& Identify the tools he is using
%)& Apply the information given in the talk 
%D& !ass their papers to the front of the room

6@. %A& hen it is scratched in different directions

%(& hen greater pressure is applied
%)& hen its surface is scratched too frequently
%D& hen the tester uses the wrong tools

This is the end of Section 1

Stop work on Section 1

STOP

Do NOT read or work on any other section of the test.

The sper!isor wi"" te"" yo when to #egin work on Section $

Section $
Strctre and %ritten &'pression
Time( $) mintes

This section is designed to measure your ability to recognie language that is appropriate
for standard written English. There are two types of questions in this section, with special
for each type.

Strctre

Directions  Guestions /2/6 are incomplete sentences. (eneath sentence you will see you
words or phrases, marked %A&, %(&, %)&, and %D&. )hoose the one word or phrase that best
completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and
fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

&'amp"e *

eysers have often been compared to volcanoes 222222

they both emit hot liquids from below the Earth's surface.
%A& due to
%(& because
%)& in spite of 
%D& regardless of 

:
 The sentence should read, +eysers have often been compared to volcanoes because they
 both emit hot liquids from below the Earth's surface. +Therefore, you should choose %(&
&'amp"e **

During the early period of ocean navigation, 22222

any need for sophisticated instruments and techniques
%A& so that hardly
%(& when there hardly was
%)& hardly was
%D& there was hardly

The sentences should read, +During the early period of ocean navigation, there was
hardly any need for sophisticated instruments and techniques. +Therefore, you should
choose %D&

 8ow begin work on the questions.

/. 5ince the early />6@'s, 22222 throughout the world has more than doubled.
%A& the demand for food
%(& there is demand for food
%)& if food is in demand
%D& food, a demand that

0. Even though he did no attend school until he was twelve, Dr. 5amuel ).) Ting was
22222 the 8obel !rie in !hysics in />97.
%A& won
%(& the winning
%)& the winner of 
%D& to be won

1. as particles move 22222 when the gas is hot than when it is cold.
%A& fast
%(& faster 
%)& as fast
%D& fastest

3. The different colors of 22222 the different temperatures of the stars Hsurfaces.
%A& the stars indicate
%(& indicating stars
%)& the indication that the stars
%D& stars indicating that

6. As a country develops from an agricultural to an industrial economy, the attitudes,

values, structures, and functions of the family 22222.
%A& the change
%(& which change

>
 %)& change
%D& changing
7. $nly a few sounds produced by insects are heard by humans 22222 most of the sounds
are pitched either too low or too high.
%A& in spite of 
%(& because
%)& as a result of 
%D& instead of 

9. The ordinary chair 22222 in countless shapes, sies, styles, and materials.
%A& has been made
%(& to be made
%)& is making
%D& been making

:. =or /06 years after 22222 initial use at "arvard in /730, the (achelor of Arts degree
was the only degree awarded by colleges in the Fnited 5tates.
%A& its
%(& it was
%)& being
%D& when

>. 5ince the 5un illuminates half the surface of the <oon, only half the surface 22222 can
 be seen from the Earth.
%A& most
%(& much
%)& with more
%D& at most

/@. The novels of )onstance =ennimore oolson, 22222, have special interest for their
regional settings.
%A& in a nineteenth2century writer 
%(& a nineteenth2century write
%)& the nineteenth2century writing
%D& wrote about the nineteenth century

//. 22222 $klahoma is important as a farming state, it is even more important for its rich
oil deposits.
%A& by
%(& although
%)& in order for 
%D& concerning

/0. 8o animal seems 22222 on a diet of peat moss.

%A& survived
%(& can survive

/@
 %)& of surviving
%D& able to survive
/1. The upper part in a harmonic arrangement 22222 by mi#ed voices is usually written for
a soprano voice.
%A& to be sung
%(& as singing
%)& to be singing
%D& was sung

/3. 22222The first school was opened at old =ort Cancouver in /:10.
%A& is now
%(& is that in
%)& what is that
%D& in what is now

/6. ;adio, 22222, developed from the theories and e#periments of many people.
%A& like other many inventions
%(& like many other inventions
%)& inventions like many other 
%D& many other like inventions

%ritten &'pression

Directions  In questions /723@ each sentence has four underlined words or phrases. The
four underline parts of the sentence are marked %A&, %(&, %)&, and %D&. Identify the one
underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct.
Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that
corresponds to the letter or the answer you have chosen.

&'amp"e *

uppies are sometimes call rainbow fish because of 

A ( )
the males' bright colors.
D

The sentence should read, +uppies are sometimes called rainbow fish because of the
males' bright colors. +Therefore, you should choose %A&.

E#ample II

5erving several term in )ongress, 5hirley )hisholm

A (
became an important Fnited 5tates politician.
) D

//
The sentences should read, +5erving several terms in )ongress, 5hirley )hisholm became
an important Fnited 5tates politician. +Therefore, you should choose %(&.

 8ow begin work on the questions.

/7. hile attempting to fly hers plane around the world in />19, Amelia Earhart
A ( )
mysteriously disappeared.
D

/9. ;ichard right's Fncle Tom's )hildren, a collection of short stories, were a
A (
critical success when it appeared in />1:.
) D

/:. The principle on which the boat called a hydrofoil is designed is identically to that
A
demonstrated by an airplane wing moving through air.
( ) D

/>. <igrating butterflies can travel long distant over water.

A ( ) D

0@. During a early period in the settlement of the western Fnited 5tates, pioneers
A
claimed parts of the wilderness by marking trees to establish a boundary.
( ) D

0/. All digital computers use binary, or two2valued, digits instead than domical, or
A ( )
ten2valued, digits to represent and store data.
D

00. An ambassador serves as a nation's highest2ranking diplomacy in another

A ( )
country.
D

01. Early adolescence is a developmental phase consisting of rapid changes in

A ( )
 behavior, psychological, and hormones.
D

03. nowledge from the frontiers of research genetic will increasingly pose difficult
A ( )
 problems for policy makers and for society in general.

/0
 D

06. !ictures called glass mosaic are made by setting small pieces of colors glass into
A ( ) D
fresh plaster.

07. Appro#imately every nineteen month Cenus and the 5un reach their greatest
A (
angular separation in the solar system.
) D

09. Anthropologists recently have found evidence that centuries ago, Inuit's used to
A (
entering their subterranean homes through tunnels, which helped keep the cold out
) D
and the heat in.

0:. The tree porcupine is found in wooded areas throughout most from 8orth
A ( ) D
America.

0>. To date, only a small percentage of all glass manufactured in the Fnited 5tates is
A (
recycled, but markets for recycled glass that a re growing steadily.
) D

1@. The oceans are the ma?or source of the atmospheric moisture that is obtained
A ( )
through evaporator.
D

1/. $nly those insects with high developed, multilinked eyes have good color vision.
A ( ) D

10. The Earth's atmosphere functions much like a giant greenhouse, admitting
A
sunlight between outer space but preventing heat from escaping.
( ) D

11. The almond tree which produces the oldest species of nut and is the most widely
A ( )
grown of all nut trees.
D

13. =ran Tannenbaum, a paleontology student doing summer fieldwork, found a

/1
 A ( )
completely seventy2five2million2year2old fossil egg near )hateau, <ontana.
D
16. =encing, originally developed as a sport in fourteen century, was included in the
A (
first modern $lympic ames of /:>7.
) D

17. Depth within ancient tombs, 1,@@@2year2old peanuts have been found alongside
A ( ) D
mummies.

19. Art 8ouveau developed in the /:>@'s when artists did a conscious effort to break
A ( )
with what they regarded as worn2out formulas of the past.
D

1:. The most widely cultivated all of fruit trees, the apple is second only to the grape
A (
in its importance as a temperate2one fruit.
) D

1>. !awn broking, or making loans to customers who pledge personal or household
A ( )
goods as security, is one of the oldest trade known.
D

3@. $f />@/ to />3/, acclaimed actor Douglas =airbanks appeared on stage in a series
A ( )
of light comedies.
D
This is the end of Section $

STOP

*f yo finish #efore time is ca""ed+ check yor work on Section $ on"y

The sper!isor wi"" te"" yo when to #egin work on Section ,

Section ,
-eading Comprehension
Time( )) mintes

/3
 Directions  In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by
several questions about it. =or questions /26@, y ou are to choose the one best answer, %A&,
%(&, %)&, or %D&, to each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the
question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.
Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated  or imp"ied  in that
 passage.

;ead the following passage

The railroad was not the first institution to impose regularity on society, or to draw
attention to the importance of precise timekeeping. =or as long as merchants have set out
their wares at daybreak and communal festivities have been celebrated, people have been
in rough agreement with their neighbors as to the time of day. The value of this tradition
is today more apparent than ever. ere it not for public acceptance of a single yardstick
of time, social life would be unbearably chaotic the massive daily transfers of goods,
services, and information would proceed in fits and startsJ the very fabric of modern
society would begin to unravel.

&'amp"e *

hat is the main idea of the passage-

%A& In modern society we must make more time for our neighbors
%(& The traditions of society are timeless
%)& An accepted way of measuring time is essential for the smooth functioning of
society
%D& 5ociety ?udges on time at which they conduct certain activities

The main idea of the passage is that societies need to agree about how time is to be
measured in order to function smoothly. Therefore, you should choose %)&.

E#ample II

In line 6, the phrase +this tradition refers to

%A& the practice of starting the business day at dawn
%(& friendly relations between neighbors
%)& the railroad's reliance on time schedules
%D& people's agreement on the measurement of time

The phrase +this tradition refers to the preceding clause, +people have been in rough
agreement with their neighbors as to the time of day. +Therefore, you should choose %D&.

 8ow begin work on the questions.

Guestions /2/@

/6
 The ballpoint pen is the universal writing instrument of the twentieth century.
hen the tiny metal ball at the writing tip is drawn across a sheet of paper, it rotates
within a housing at the end of an ink reservoir and is coated with the ink, which it
transfers to the paper.
The first ballpoint pen was invented by 4ohn oud in /:::. oud had been
working on a design for a nonleaking pen to mark leather and fabrics and, although his
cumbersome design was similar in essence to the modern item, it was never
manufactured in large quantities and the patent wa s allowed to e#pire. The first workable
design was patented in />1: and became widely accepted in />30 when the Fnited 5tated
Army required a pen that would not leak in high2flying aircraft.
The ball of the pen is fitted into a socket so that it rotates freely. 5everal internal
ducts in the socket feed ink to the ballJ the other end of the socket is fitted onto a metal or 
 plastic tube that contains the ink. hen the ball is pressed on paper and moved, the
capillary action draws the ink from the reservoir. In effect, the ball functions as a valve to
 prevent overflow, and on rotation it acts as a suction pump drawing out the ink.
$ne problem was that as some of the ink ran out, a partial vacuum was formed
 between the back of the ball and the ink reservoir, which cut off the supply. This was
solved by making a small hole at the far end of the reservoir. As the ink at the tip is
sucked out, more ink from the tube is drawn into the socked to fill its place, the vacuum
 being prevented by air that is drawn in through the vent.
Disposable ballpoints have improved considerably in efficiency and reliability
since />1:. =urther improvements made recently include the production of a pen that
writes at any angle, even upside down, and the development of a new ink that is erasable.

/. The word +it in line 0 refers to

%A& paper 
%(& ink reservoir 
%)& writing instrument
%D& ball

0. The word +housing in line 1 is closest in meaning to

%A& point
%(& residence
%)& case
%D& orbit

1. It can be inferred from the passage that there was interest in designing a new type of
 pen because the old ones
%A& were too big
%(& were e#pensive
%)& leaked
%D& cracked

3. The word +e#pire in line : is closest in meaning to

%A& end
%(& change

/7
 %)& copy
%D& e#pand

6. It can be inferred that the ballpoint pen first gained popularity among
%A& military personnel
%(& businesspeople
%)& scientists
%D& artists

7. hich of the following statements is true of the ball in a ballpoint pen-

%A& it is fitted directly into the tube
%(& it controls the flow of ink 
%)& it has a small hole
%D& it contains a reservoir of ink 

9. The author mentions a +suction pump in line /6 to indicate a function of the

%A& reservoir 
%(& plastic tube
%)& socked
%D& ball

:. The word +which in line /9 refers to

%A& supply
%(& back of the ball
%)& partial vacuum
%D& ink reservoir 

>. hat was the purpose of the small hole mentioned in line /: -
%A& to drain off e#cess ink 
%(& to improve ink flow to the tip of the pen
%)& to reduce the amount of air in the pen
%D& to allow the reservoir to be refilled

/@. Fntil recently one limitation of ballpoint pens was

%A& their inability to function upside down
%(& the cost of replacing empty reservoirs
%)& the fragility of the point
%D& corrosion due to the ink 

Guestions //20@

(y the />0@'s in the Fnited 5tates, great changes had been made in daily life by
an accumulation of inventions that had been produced in increasing numbers since the
)ivil ar. These technological innovations created what, in effect, was a social
revolution.

/9
 Improvements in communications served to knit more closely citiens of diverse
ethnic and political backgrounds. ;apid printing presses, typesetting devices, and page2
 plate processes made printed matter more widely accessible. The telephone simplified
 person2to2person communication. The phonograph, the silent motion picture, the radio,
and the sound picture for the first time made auditory and visual impact simultaneously
 possible over the whole country and had the inevitable, and perhaps undesirable, effect of 
establishing a trend to nation conformity in thought and feeling. $ne could call this
revolution the nationaliation of thought and taste.
Improvements in transportation made all parts of the country less remote from
each other when measured by the time required to go from one place to another. (icycles
and trolleys put the nation on wheels. Then the automobile provided the means for speed
and mobility, now so dear to Americans, and brought a demand for better highways. (y
the />0@'s cargo trucks were beginning to cut into railroad revenues, and he latest
wonder, the airplane, was a fairly common sight.
The transport revolution was made possible by the development and perfection of
new engines and motors. The internal2combustion engine, using gasoline or oil, could be
 built in compact power units admirably suited to automobiles, aircraft, and boats. The use
of electricity, generated by water power or coal2burning plants, simplified the problems
of mechanical power for industrial use and made electrical illumination commonplace in
cities, indoors and out. Electricity also powered an increasing variety of domestic
appliances.

//. The passage focuses on the Fnited 5tates in the />0@'s primarily in terms of the
%A& creativity of American inventors
%(& decline in social relationships
%)& influence of technology on society
%D& negative side of technological progress

/0. The word +knit in line 3 is closest in meaning to

%A& unite
%(& attract
%)& inform
%D& study

/1. The word +accessible in line 7 is closest in meaning to

%A& understandable
%(& read
%)& printed
%D& available

/3. According to the author, e#panded communications led to a decrease in

%A& individuality
%(& travel
%)& patriotism
%D& entertainment

/:
/6. The word +each other in lines /02/1 refer to
%A& improvements in transportation
%(& parts of the country
%)& bicycles and trolleys
%D& better highways

/7. The word Hmobility in line /6 is closest in meaning to

%A& e#citement
%(& movement
%)& modernity
%D& control

/9. According to the passage, which of the following modes of transportation was
negatively affected by motor vehicles-
%A& trolleys
%(& bicycles
%)& trains
%D& airplane

/:. The passage suggests that a ma?or advantage of the internal2combustion engine was
its
%A& safety
%(& sie
%)& durability
%D& price

/>. The author identifies all of the following as contributors to the +social revolution of
the />0@'s EK)E!T
%A& improved communication
%(& improved transportation
%)& improvements resulting from electricity
%D& improvements in the arts

0@. here in the passage does the author give an e#ample of a technological advance that
led to a demand for improvement in another area-
%A& lines 627
%(& lines /32/6
%)& lines />20@
%D& lines 01203

Guestions 0/21@

Astronomers have long used direct photography to gather large amounts of

information from telescopes. To do this, they have used special light2sensitive coatings on
glass plates, whose sie depends on the type of telescope employed. )ertain wide2field
telescopes commonly require very large glass plates. These plates do not b end, can be

/>
 measured accurately, and can preserve information over a long period o f time, providing
a record that an astronomer at a later time can e#amine. "owever, even thought long time
e#posures increase the amount of light striking the p late so that very faint ob?ects in the
sky eventually show up clearly, even the most sensitive plates convert only a small
 percent of the photons striking them into an image. =or this reason, photography cannot
make very efficient use of short time e#posures on a telescope. Despite this inefficiency,
 photograph is still very useful because it works as a two2dimensional detector covering a
large area at a telescope's focus. "ence, the information contained in a single photograph
can be enormous, especially when the photograph is taken with wide2field telescopes.
Today, the technology of newer radio and #2ray telescopes has allowed
astronomers to view images otherwise invisible to the eye, and direct photography is now
used less often to gather images. Today's astronomers can study an enhanced view of a
telescope's focus on a television monitorJ and in most cases, the data can later be
converted by computer into digital form. This procedure, called image processing, plays a
central role in astronomy today. Fsing false colors, the computer can display images of
information otherwise undetectable to the unaided eye. These colors are false in the sense
that they are not the actual colors of the ob?ect in the visual range of the spectrum. ;ather,
they are codes to a specific property, such as the #2ray emissions from stars.

0/. hat is the main topic of the passage-

%A& The use of false colors in image processing
%(& The use of wide2field
%)& 8ew astronomical theories
%D& <ethods used by astronomers to obtain information

00. The word +employed in line 1 is closest in meaning to

%A& measure
%(& inspected
%)& used
%D& purchased

01. The word +efficient in line /@ is closest in meaning to

%A& productive
%(& frequent
%)& ob?ective
%D& visible

03. hich of the following is 8$T mentioned as an advantage of glass2plate

 photographs-
%A& They can be measured accurately
%(& They can capture the images of faint ob?ects
%)& They can be stored for a long time
%D& They can be processed quickly

0@
06. Astronomers most probably use direct photography less frequently today than in the
 past because
%A& glass plates are no longer available
%(& only a small amount of information is contained in a single photograph
%)& alternate ways of observing images have bee developed
%D& photographic data deteriorates quickly

07. hat is image processing-

%A& The process of light waves striking a glass plate
%(& A way to produce images more quickly
%)& A reevaluation of old photographs
%D& A way computers can present data for analysis

09. The word +undetectable in line 0/ is closest in meaning to

%A& immense
%(& inferior 
%)& imperceptible
%D& intolerable

0:. hy do computer2generated images use false colors-

%A& The real ob?ects are too bright to look at
%(& The computer screens have a limited range of colors
%)& The properties represented in the image are not otherwise visible
%D& The colors are used to convert black2and2white photographs

0>. hy does the author mention +#2ray emissions I line 01-
%A& To discuss the measurement of energy flow
%(& To emphasie the precision of direct photography
%)& To provide an e#ample of what false colors represent
%D& To compare the properties of color and movement

1@. here in the passage does the author mention a disadvantage of photography-
%A& ines /21
%(& ines 72//
%)& ines /920@
%D& ines 01203

Guestions 1/21>

The artistic movement known as Impressionism was first identified in /:93 when
a group of artists, dissatisfied with the reception of their works by the academic art
establishment of their period, chose to hold a separate e#hibition of their paintings.
Despite obvious differences in style, all of these painters were connected by an
ability to catch a moment and preserve in on canvas, and in their belief in the importance
of that moment. They readily accepted and made use of the technological advances
available to them, and in the end became recognied as proponents of one of the most

0/
 significant movements in the history of art, a movement that produced an aesthetic
revolution in art.
5everal technological breakthroughs were responsible, to some d egree, for the
creation and e#ecution of the new impressionist style. $ne of these was the invention of a
new brush that gave artists greater control. Another useful invention was the collapsible
tin tube. This easily reclosed container preserved the oil paint in a stable condition
without altering the color. It was a great improvement over animal bladders, which had
 been used for centuries to hold oil paint. The new tube was portable and made it possible
for artists to work outside. This freedom made it possible for impressionist paintings to
+capture the moment, giving them a feeling of immediacy.
Another innovation was color. 8ineteenth2century chemists had created a new
 palette of colors, derived from cola tar and other substance. These were first used by
te#tile manufacturers and then adopted by artists. They included some of the brighter
colors2new shades of blue, green and yellow, whose tones gave the Impressionist
 paintings their characteristic shimmering quality.

1/. hat did the group of impressionist artists do in /:93-

%A& They radically changed their style of painting
%(& They held their own e#hibition
%)& They adopted new techniques and technologies
%D& They refused to paint anything that year 

10. The word +it in line 6 refers to

%A& style
%(& moment
%)& ability
%D& canvas

11. The word +readily in line 7 is closest in meaning to

%A& purposely
%(& cautiously
%)& cleverly
%D& eagerly

13. According to the passage, Impressionism is regarded historically as

%A& a significant, revolutionary movement
%(& an innovative yet minor style
%)& an unenlightened, radical phase
%D& a traditional form of nineteenth2century painting

16. In line /3 the word +it refers to

%A& container 
%(& condition
%)& oil paint
%D& color 

00
17. hich of the following words does 8$T refer to something that holds paint-
%A& (ladder 
%(& Tube
%)& )ondition
%D& )ontainer 

19. hat contribution did chemists make to the Impressionist movement-

%A& 8ew te#tiles
%(& (etter canvases
%)& Additional colors
%D& Tin tubes

1:. It can be inferred that Impressionist paintings differed from other nineteenth2century
 paintings in terms of which of the following-
%A& The sie of the canvas
%(& The brightness of the colors
%)& The value of the painting
%D& The talent of the artist

1>. here in the passage does the author mention two new technologies available to
artist in the nineteenth century-
%A& =irst paragraph
%(& 5econd paragraph
%)& Third paragraph
%D& =ourth paragraph

Guestion 3@26@

;adiocarbon dating and tree2ring dating, in combination, have provided a very

 powerful tool to establish a time spectrum for more recent dates in the past. The initial
idea for dating by tree rings can be traced back to /://. <odern scientific tree2ring
dating, dendrochronology, stems from pioneering work in the early />@@'s.
Fsually, but not always, trees produce one ring each year. This ring is formed by
the cambium, which lies between the old wood and the bark. In spring, wood cells with
large lumens are manufactured, but in summer and autumn, the cells become smaller and
more thick2walled until with the onset of winter the production of new cells stops. The
same process is repeated the following year. In this way a year 's growth %annual ring& is
imprinted as new wood. The demarcation line between summer and autumn wood of the
 previous year, with its characteristic small cells, and the spring wood of the year
following, with its large cells, enables annual rings to be counted relatively easily.
rowth rings, however, are not always the same thickness. They vary for several
reasons. Environmental factors rigidly control the degree of growth o f an annual ring or
determine whether, in fact, an annual ring appears all in any particular year. Thus in a
specific locale or, more accurately, a specific climatic province, tree2ring counts will
reflect climatic conditions and variations due to inequalities of climates from year to year.
In years with abnormal drought, for e#ample, narrow rings are produced and sometimes

01
no ring at all. In this way a fossil record is imprinted for as long as the wood remains
intact. =rom this pattern a historical template can be constructed to correlate one set of
growth rings in one tree with a set of growth rings I another tree or piece of timber.
Another important factor is that tress2ring growth varies with the age of the tree.
As the tree matures, the rings become narrower, and this results in the central rings being
wider than those on the outer part of the tree.

3@. hat does the passage mainly discuss-

%A& The effect of drought on tree2ring growth
%(& The history of dating trees
%)& The problems of tree2ring dating
%D& The formation of growth rings in trees

3/. The word +stems in line 3 is closest in meaning to

%A& distinguishes
%(& recovers
%)& derives
%D& returns

30. The appro#imate age of a tree can be determined by

%A& counting the rings
%(& analying the structure of the cells
%)& e#amining the cambium
%D& measuring the width of the rings

31. The word +onset in line : is closest in meaning to

%A& beginning
%(& coldness
%)& difficulty
%D& darkness

33. The word +enables in line /0 is closest in meaning to

%A& combines
%(& forces
%)& encourages
%D& allows

36. The word +They in line /3 refers to

%A& large cells
%(& growth rings
%)& several reasons
%D& environmental factors

37. According to the passage, the production of rings from year to year in any given tree
is
%A& random

03
 %(& predetermined
%)& variable
%D& accelerated
39. The word +reflect in line /: is closest in meaning to
%A& indicate
%(& affect
%)& confuse
%D& limit

3:. A narrow growth ring between two wide growth rings would probably indicate
%A& an unusually warm winter 
%(& the death of an old tree
%)& unfavorable climatic conditions during a single year 
%D& wood cells that had grown to be very large

3>. hich of the following terms is defined in the passage-

%A& dendrochronology %line 3&
%(& lumens %line 9&
%)& drought %line />&
%D& template %line 0/&

6@. The phrase +this pattern in line 0/ refers to

%A& the change of seasons
%(& different climates in different place
%)& the destruction of trees and forests
%D& variation in the thickness of tree rings

This is the end of Section ,

STOP

*f yo finish #efore time is ca""ed+

Check yor work on Section , on"y

06