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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Background and Rationale

Senior High School life is one of the most complicated stages as of

teenager. In this stage, the level of curiosity at peak. Out of our curiosity they

want to explore new things in life whether it's good or bad. Teenagers are prone

of temptations and other risk factors that push them to do reckless things.

Teenagers are also easily engage in social interactions like going out with friends

even night time and engage in boyfriend-girlfriend relationship. This may lead

them to engage in a unfavorable activities such as premarital sex.

Premarital sex is one of the most controversial and current issue in the

society nowadays by means of engaging sex before getting married. It is easy to

make decisions and do it not thinking of the result of our actions. Most teenagers

are involved of the latter issue.

According to Dr. Dobson teenagers who were unappreciated, lack of

attention from their parents, and who feel it incomplete were more likely to seek

comfort in a sexual relationship. There are also many factors that boost

premarital sex .Examples of this factors are alcohol, drug use, a history of

physical or sexual abuse and being influenced of the people around.

Teens who experienced this situation were absolutely desperate to aim

their bodily pleasure without hesitation and critical thinking over the
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consequences that sometimes would lead hindrances in their studies. Their

commitment of doing that thing may bring on early pregnancy, sexually

transmitted diseases (STD's), depression and anxiety.

This research focuses the life encountered by teenagers who involved in

premarital sex,on how they managed to live their life and how it influenced their

social life. Having this survey it will improve the researchers' understanding and

awareness of the consequences regarding of their actions.

Statement of the Objectives

The study targets to understand the lived experiences of senior high

school students who were engaged in premarital sex and to find out the

consequences encountered by the respondents.

Significance of the Study

The perception and the result of this study will be helpful to the following.

Senior high school students. Through this, they will gain information about

premarital sex. They will also be to understand its different consequences.

Parents. Through this, they will have a clear and complete idea why their

children got involved in this condition. They will also know that their full guidance

is needed especially during teenage stage.

Teachers. Through this, teachers can evaluate and promote effective advices to

his/her students, especially to those who are in relationships which are mostly

prone in these phenomena.

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Peers. Through this, they can give opinion and suggestions to their friends. And,

they can also motivate their friends not to hurry to take part of the latter issue

Future Researchers. Through this, they will have an idea about the issue. They

can also get informations that will be beneficial to them in conducting their

research study.

Scope and Delimitation

The respondents will be selected according to the following category:(1)Age

(must be 16 years old and above,(2) Currently studying in senior high school, (3)

A residence of Talibon, Boholand (4) Involve in premarital sex

The respondents in this survey were chosen carefully with a particular pattern

as they are considered to bear the most valuable information in connection with

the event being carefully studied.

CHAPTER 2

Review of Related Literature

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Premarital sex, defined by Catholic News, is the sexual intercourse

between two persons before marriage. It is also called as fornication. Religious

institution generally considered premarital sex as morally wrong but for instance

many people are currently practicing it. According to Singapore Polytechnic

survey, 46% of people think that premarital sex is acceptable.

Common law is a body of unwritten laws based on legal precedents

established by the courts and based on the customs and principles of society.

Under the Common Law, the crime of fornication consisted of unlawful sexual

intercourse between an unmarried woman and a man, regardless of his marital

status. Today, statutes in a number of states declare that fornication is an

offense, but such statutes are rarely enforced. On the theory that fornication is a

victimless crime, many states do not prosecute persons accused of the offence.

Fornication is an element of a number of sex offenses such as rape, incest and

seduction. Although penalties are seldom enforced, they usually consist of a fine

imprisonment, or both. ( Hill et al. 2008)

In the 21st Century, premarital sex is one of the problems that youth

struggle with. It has been discovered that most youth engages in premarital sex

due to some concise reasons. First, many teenager desires to get married

instantly and they engage premarital sex as a favour to get a husband or wife.

Second, youths are ignorantly deceived from doing the right thing because their

parents are not near to direct them. Third, misinformation from friend or peer

group leads youth to commit premarital sex. Last, is fertility test where youths

prove how fertile he or she before the marriage time.

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According to Adewale (2009), pure, holy or legal sex is the only legitimate

sex. It occurs between married couples. On the other hand, premarital sex which

the Bible calls fornication is not love-making but it would have been called lust

making. Other reason for committing premarital sex are pressure, curiosity,

electronic media, books and magazines, environmental influence, covetousness,

indiscipline, ignorance, wrong information, and broken homes.

Premarital sex has become the norm of the society. Some youths find it

difficult to cope in this kind of environment; hence they fall into this ungodly act.

Greed for money, wealth and position is another cause of premarital sex. Some

ladies want money at all costs hence they are ready to use their bodies to get it

by sleeping around with them. Lack of discipline has also led many singles into

the dungeon of premarital sex and lack of good sex education has led many

youth unto it, not knowing what they were doing. Some claim they went into

exactly fornication due to loneliness and some children from broken homes can

fall into wrong hands due to their situation. ( Adewale, 2009)

The effects of engaging premarital sex, as stated by Dr. Abdullahi (2014)

are HIV/ STD’s, unwanted pregnancy, abortion, corruption of character and

depression. The significant numbers of adolescents are involved in sexual

activities at an early age which exposes them to the risk of the phenomena. The

reproductive health problem of young people is critical among both sexes.

Adolescent girls are more affected than boys because of their biological,

economic and social vulnerability”.

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There are also several effects of premarital sex especially in terms of

future marriages. According to Macaraeg (2009), premarital sex tends to break

up couples, have their marriage end in divorce and will surely have less happy

marriages. He also stated that persons who engaged premarital sex are more

likely to have extramarital affairs, less satisfied with their sex life and can be

carried to spoil sex in marriage. He also added that guilt from engaging

premarital sex may push a couple into a bad marriage

According to the Theory of Planned Behaviour premarital sex are affected

by numerous factors such as attitudes, norms, and perceived behavioural

control. Its assumption centers on behavioural intentions as a factor to

performing the actual behaviour. In the study of premarital sex, one aspect of the

attitudes that is well researched is about premarital sex permissiveness. Sexual

permissiveness seems to be affected by sociological factors as well. From these

we can see that attitudes about premarital sees are highly varied despite

dominant media suggestions that people are getting too liberal. ( Ajzen, 2012)

Premarital sex became a very rampant issue in our society nowadays; it is

because of its irrepresible causes and effects for the people who were engaged

in the said phenomena. In order to somehow lessen this problem, let us be

aware, disciplined and responsible in our actions because in every action, there

is corresponding consequences.
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CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design
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Phenomenological research is a qualitative research method that is

used to describe how human beings experience a certain phenomenon. We use

phenomenological research because it allows the researchers to delve into the

perceptions, perspective, understandings, and feelings of those people who

have actually experienced or live the phenomenon or situation of internet.

Phenomenological research is typically conducted through the use of in-depth

interviews of small samples of participants.

Research Environment

The research was conducted in different school in Talibon, Bohol,

Philippines where in the participants are located. Talibon is one of the

Municipalities of Bohol facing the controversial issue about teenage premarital

sex is rampant. Some senior high school students of Talibon were involved in the

aformentioned issue.

Research Participants

The participants of the study are all Senior High School Students who

are resident of Talibon, Bohol. The respondents in this survey were chosen

carefully to bear the most valuable information. Furthermore, the respondents will

be selected according to the following category: 1. age (must be 16 years old and

above, but should not below 16 years old); 2.currently in Senior High School;

3.apparently involved in premarital sex.

Research Instruments
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The researchers made semi-structured questions as an interview

guide. The guide question will be employed are given its analogous vernacular

transaction for easier reference throughout the interview process. The

researcher's used snowballing sampling in conducting the research study.

Data Gathering Procedures

A letter of intent was prepared and was given the day before we

formally interviewed our participants. The research study was conducted in the

school vicinity, to ensure safety and close coordination with them. It contained

needed information as to the extent and scope of this study. With the consent of

the participants for them to give their responses,the researchers conducted the

study. Pen, papers and tape recorder in a cellular phone were the materials used

in their data gathering.

Data Analysis

In analyzing the data, Colaizzi’s (1978) method of data analysis for

phenomenology was used in depth interviews with people who experienced the

phenomenon. Through this method was lengthy, it allowed the researcher to

employ both verbal and nonverbal data. Gathering information in this way

encouraged participants to use interpersonal skills to articulate their experiences.

(Morrow, 2015)

In accordance with Colaizzi’s phenomenology data analysis model (1978) the

following activities were implemented:

1. The researcher will transcribe the interview in verbatim.

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2. The researcher will read and reread the transcript word-for-word interviews to

make sense of them and will acquire a feel for each description.

3. The researcher will extract significant statement, which pertain directly to the

proposed phenomenon from the descriptions.

4. The researcher will formulate meanings after analyzing each significant

statement. The researcher again will reread the original to assure the original

description will be portrayed in the extracted significant statement meanings.

5. The researcher will organize the formulated meaning into clusters, which

allow them to emerge. The researcher will again refer to the original for

validation, being cognizant of repetitive themes and discrepancies.

6. The researcher will integrate themes into an exhaustive description. The

researcher will also refer the theme clusters back to the original protocols to

validate them.

7. The researcher will make a concise statement of the exhaustive description

and will be provide a fundamental statement of identification.

8. The researcher will present a concise statement of the exhaustive description

and will be provide a fundamental statement of the exhaustive description to

the original participants of the study in order to verify the statement.

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CHAPTER 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The purpose of the study is to give a description and understanding of the

truth behind why Senior High School Students engage premarital sex. This

research used phenomenological research in analyzing the gathered data. The

answers given by the six participants were comprehended several times in order
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to better understand, sympathize with their opinions and also to see

commonalities of word and statements to their answers. The significant

statements were taken from which formulated meanings were deducted and

grouped until applicable themes come up. Validation of the given information was

sought from the participants that were involved in the research.

Researcher's Views

The researchers were grade 11 Humility students of San Jose National

High School (SJNHS) taking Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) under

the Academic Track. The participants of the study were senior high school

students who committed premarital sex that are currently studying in senior high

school in Talibon, Bohol.

Thematic Analysis

The total number of participants within the inclusion criteria consisted of 6

senior high school students committed premarital sex. After the analysis of the

response, 60 significant statements of the participants’ experiences were

identified and given corresponding 60 formulated meaning. Attached in the

Appendix page is a selected example of significant statement and corresponding

formulated meaning. The formulated meanings created were then clustered

around 5 themes.

Thematic Discussion
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After significant statements were extracted from the transcript of the

responses and the analysis of the formulated meanings emerged five themes.

The themes were: REASON FOR COMMITTING PREMARITAL SEX; POSITIVE

EMOTIONAL RESPONSE; NEGATIVE EMOTIONAL RESPONSE;

AWARENESS; INCOGNIZANT FOR USING CONTRACEPTIVES. The

emergent themes will be defined and discussed with excerpts of responses to

support and highlight each theme.

Theme 1: Reason for committing premarital sex

Everybody has their reasons; we just need to listens to understand them.

There is a saying, "Curiosity kills the cat" by Ben Jonson, out of curiosity many

senior high school student engage on this kind of issue nowadays. The

respondents are curious by the things that new for them, not considering whether

it’s in the right path or wrong one. Influence is also one great factor why they

commit premarital sex. They were being influenced by social media and the

people around them.

According to some participants:

"Curious lang mi kay ingon sila makalig-on daw nas relasyon." (We are just

curious for they said it can strengthen a relationship. SS 51, Participant 6)

"Akung uyab kay og wala pa siya dili to naku mabuhat. Tungod sad kay pareha

mig nahuna-hunaan maong nabuhat to namu." ( My girlfriend, because without

her I can't do that thing. Also because we both thinking the same thing that's why

we did it. SS 41, Participant 5)

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Theme 2: Positive Emotional Response

Faith and love is an essential ingredient of life. It is important that we must

cherish these precious things. Senior high school students who are involved

premarital sex faced different judgments but despite all of those criticisms they

are responsible and reliable enough for the reason that they will accept whatever

happens of their action. Being an optimistic in their situation is hard to achieve

but some of our participants just did it. Instead of being ungrateful for what

happened, they took a stand on the consequences of what they did.

According to some participants:

"Buhaton nako ang makaayo nako din sa baby pud among padak-on siya like sa

akong baby." (I will do the right thing for me and for the baby. I will raise the child

just like what I’m doing to my baby. SS 18, Participant 2)

"Buhion namo ang baby din padak-on og panggaon." (We will take good care

and love the baby. SS 58. Participant 5)

Theme 3: Negative Emotional Response

Senior high school student who committed premarital sex possess a lot of

regrets, discouragement and challenges after committing especially when it

comes to being responsible of what they did. These senior high school students

who committed premarital sex manifested negative emotional response as they

were unpredictable of what might happen for them.

According to some participants:

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"Nabalaka og gekulbaan kay basin magbunga ang among nabuhat." (Worried

and nervous because probably there's a result of what we did. SS 43, Participant

5)

"Yes nagmahay ko sa nahitabo namo kay ni promise kos akong kaugalingon nga

akong ihatag ang akog v-card if kasal nako." (Yes, I regret what happened to us

because I've promised to myself that I'll give my v-card if I'm already married. SS

17,Participant 2)

Theme 4: Awareness

After conducting the study, there were circumstances proven from the

answer of all respondents. Parents should be aware of what their child’s doing.

Guidance and support is indeed needed for the respondents. On the other side,

though some respondents had already knew that doing that thing is wrong, they

still commit premarital sex.

According to some participants:

"Yes nakabalo akong pamilya ug barkada kay ako silang giingnan." (Yes, my

family and friends knew about it because I told them. SS 15, Participant 2)

"Oh nasayod. Yeah kabalo mi nga sala tong gibuhat namo. Wala man kay

gigusto man namo." (Yes we're aware that time. Yes we knew that what we did is

a sin. Nobody refused because it's our own choice. SS 52, Participant 6)

Theme 5: Incognizant for Using Contraceptives

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Lack of awareness of the usage of contraceptives and not knowing its real

purpose are another problem on premarital sex. It is important that teenagers

nowadays must be educated on what benefits they can get from using

contraceptives. Aside from unwanted pregnancy, not using contraceptives can

also cause some sexually transmitted diseases

According to some participants:

"Wala mi nigamit og contraceptives kay wala mi kabalo nga naa diay pang

depensa, niya dinalian pud." (We don't use contraceptives because we don't

know that there's a protection for sex, and it was in a hurry time. SS 44,

Participant 5)

"Wala mi nigamit. Baw niya ala man ko sugti na mogamit." (No, we don't use

protection. I don't know her reason, she did not allow me to use protection. SS

34, Participant 4)
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CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary of Findings

After the analysis of data, five significant themes arise from the shared

experiences of the participants involved in this study. The five (5) themes are the

following: REASON FOR COMMITTING PREMARITAL SEX - the participants

committed because of curiosity and being influenced; POSITIVE EMOTIONAL

RESPONSE - senior high students engaged premarital sex face different

judgment but responsible and reliable enough of what they did; NEGATIVE

EMOTIONAL RESPONSE - the participants are full of regrets and

discouragements; AWARENESS - the participants are aware of what they did as

well as his/her family and friends; INCOGNIZANT IF USING CONTRACEPTIVES

- the participants were lack of awareness on the usage of contraceptives. Indeed,

most of participant's answers, that they engaged premarital sex out of their

curiosity. Being influenced with social media and people around them, also one

of the significant reason of their engagement in this such phenomena.

Conclusion

Nowadays, the number of teenagers who commits premarital sex is

getting higher and higher. This study opens our eyes to know why these

teenagers had engaged in such phenomena. Based on their answers, they

engaged in premarital sex because of curiosity and been influenced by social

media and the people around them. It also opens our mind to never judge them
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immediately for we don't know their real story. The consequences of what they

did had brought them in a more challenging and difficult type of life such as

destruction in studying, that there is a possibility of early pregnancy. In addition,

the support and acceptance of their family and friends can help them to easily

cope with these challenges. In our society by now, teenagers must be

knowledgeable enough of the effects in committing premarital sex before they

may be driven and manipulated by their own feelings.

Recommendations

Based on the final conclusion in our research findings/investigation, the

researcher would like to recommend the following:

1. PARENTS teach and discipline their children and remind them that self-

preservation is very important. There’s a need to accompany with guidance and

have a well-communication to their children.

2. TEACHERS can be a good listener to those who are engage in the

phenomena to give valuable advices. There’s a need to be more approachable in

order for the students to obtain effective ideas that can guide them not to engage

premarital sex.

3. PEERS have to accept their friends despite of their engagement of premarital

sex. There’s a need to understand and help their friends by reminding them that

in every action there is a corresponding consequence.

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4. SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS have to be reminded in every action

they do and be observant of their surroundings. There’s a need to discipline

themselves and avoid temptation that may lead in committing premarital sex.
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References

Bisi Adewale. (2009, September 11). Causes of Premarital Sex. Retrieved March 1, 2019, from
Ezine Articles: http://EzineArticles.com/expert/Bisi_Adewale/283762

Daniel Macaraeg. (2009, April 15). 11 Known Facts About Premarital Sex. Retrieved from
http://www.ucg.org

Dr. Abdullahi, P. e. (2013). Consequences of Pre-marital Sex Among Youth. IOSR Journals of
Humanities And Social Sciences, pg.12-15.

Gerald N. Hill et al. (2008). Premarital sex legal definition of premarital sex. Retrieved March 7,
2019, from https://legal-dictionary.freedictionary.com

Icek Ajzen. (2012). Theory of Planned Behavior . Retrieved March 2019, from jasongo.net:
http://www.jasongo.wordpress.com

Morrow, R. (2015). Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenologicalmethod- the University of

Huddersfield Repository. Retrieved from eprints.hud.ac.uk:
https://eprints.hud.ac.uk>Morrow_et_al

Premarital Sex and Its Consequences. (n.d.). Retrieved February 5, 2019 from
https://learning.uonbi:ac.ke

Polythecnic, S. (2018, November 28). Values: premarital sex- what's the Big Deal? Retrieved
from The Catholic News Website: http://catholicnews.sg/index.

Reason why Youths Commit Premarital Sex. Anti Essay. (2018, December 3). Retrieved from
World Wide Web: https://www.antiessay.com

The Causes of Premarital Sex among Teenagers. (2016, March 13). Retrieved from
https://studymoose.com
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Appendix A

ENDORSEMENT LETTER ADDRESED TO THE PRINCIPAL

The Researchers
San Jose National High School
San Jose, Talibon, Bohol
Date: __________________

MARCELA R. BAUTISTA Dev. Ed. D

San Jose National High School Principal
San Jose National High School
San Jose, Talibon, Bohol

Mrs. Bautista:

Good day! We, the senior high school students of Grade 11-Humility of San Jose
National High School, hereby present our thesis entitled, "The Desire...The
Action...The Consequence... (The Truth Behind Why Senior High School
Students Commit Premarital Sex) to Age (16 years old and above). Currently
studying in Senior High School S.Y 2018-2019 in partial fulfillment of our
requirements in Practical Research 1.

In this connection, we would like to request your endorsement for our thesis.

We hope that this will merit your consideration and approval. Thank you and God
bless!

Sincerely yours,

The Researchers

Noted by:

Ms. Cheradie R. Torrejas

Practical Research 1 Adviser

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Appendix B

English Version

Warm-up Questions:

1. How's life?

2. Are you nervous? Or something?

3. Are you single? Or in a relationship?

Main Questions:

1. Who or what influenced you to do that thing? Why?

2. Are both of you conscious of what you did that time? Is there anyone who

refused in the first place?

3. Did you felt worried for yourself or for your partner in doing such thing?

4. Did you used contraceptives? Why or why not?

5. What comes into your mind after doing that thing?

6. Do you have regret of what you did? Why?

7. What was your relationship with that person after what happened?

8. Did your friends, family and peers know about the situation? In what way?

9. What will you do if unexpectedly you'll get pregnant/you impregnated the girl?

10. For you, are there any advantages in doing premarital sex? Give one reason.
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Appendix C

Colloquial Translation/Visaya Version

Pangutana:

1. Kinsa o unsa ang nag-impluwensya nimo para mobuhat atong butanga? Og

ngano man?

2. Nasayod ba mong duha kung unsa ang inyong nabuhat atong panahuna?

Wala ba ni usa ninyo ang ni ayaw pagkinaunhan?

3. Nabalaka ba ka paras imong kaugalingon ug sa imong kapares sa pagbuhat

atong butanga?

4. Nigamit ba ka o nigamit ba mo og contraceptives? Ngano o nganong wala?

5. Unsay nasulod sa inyong huna-huna paghuman ug buhat atong butanga?

6. Nagmahay ba kas imong gibuhat? Ngano man?

7. Unsa na ang inyong relasyon atong tawhana paghuman sa nahitabo ninyo?

8. Nakahibaw ba imong barkada,pamilya o kahigalaan sa sitwasyon? Sa unsang

paagi?

9. Unsa imong buhaton kung wa nimo damha nga mabuntis diay ka? Nga

makabuntis ka?

10. Para nimo, naa bay kaayuhan ang pagbuhat og premarital sex? Ngano?

Paghatag ug usa ka rason.

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