THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES

SCHOOL OF MECHANCIAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING

MECH4880 REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

ASSIGNMENT 1 (2017) – Part A and Part B Overview

1. Problem Statement
Your company has been commissioned by a client to design the HVAC system for a 2 storey retail
complex with an adjacent carpark as portrayed in the attached specification using the given design
conditions. Your manager has tasked you with calculating the heat loads and performing preliminary duct
design and unit selection for the building.

This assignment is divided into two parts, part A accounts for the 40 % of the assignment, while part B
is responsible for the remaining 60%. To submit part B, students must have already submitted part A. A
professional report should be submitted, that is, the report satisfies all items listed in the important notes
(listed later in this document). Note that the order of the sections can be restructured and the list is not
limiting (other sections can be added or combined or structured differently) but they must all in some
form be present in your submission.

The following documents should be used in conjunction with this overview:

• Assignment 1 – Building Layout and Tenancy Layout

• Assignment 1 – Project Specifications
• Assignment 1 – Assignment Helper

Part A – Due by Week 8 Friday

This section requires students to implement the heat load calculation methodology outlined in AIRAH-
DA09. A detailed manual heat load calculations for shops T.0.6 and MM.0.3 must be performed and
reported for summer and winter. Additionally a CAMEL heat load simulation must be performed for
these two shops. Reporting must include (but not limited to) following items:

(1) Design Day Selection and Specification Comprehension

(2) External Loads – Wall Specifications
(3) External Loads – Solar Transmission
(4) External Loads – Partitions
(5) External Loads – Winter
(6) Internal Loads – Summer
(7) Internal Loads – Winter
(8) Cooling and Heating Load Summary
(9) Psychrometrics (Summer only)
(10) CAMEL heat load simulation and validation for T.0.6 and MM.0.3

1
Part B – Due by Week 13 Friday
This part requires students to perform the cooling and heating load calculations for the entire building
using the CAMEL heat load simulation software. The submission should include (but not limited to)
following elements:

(1) Produce conditioned/ventilated space maps and thermal zone plans

(2) Ventilated space calculations
(3) CAMEL heat load simulation
(4) Air schematics
(5) Duct Design
(6) Pressure loss calculations and fan selection (Ventilated spaces only)
(7) AHU selection
(8) Building improvements and sustainable design

Ensure that you follow the assignment helper as it details the minimum that is expected from each
submission.

2. Design Constraints
Outside design conditions:
• Latitude 300 South
• Summer 33.80C DB / 22.9 0C WB
• Winter 2.1 0C DB/80% RH

• Building north is defined as the same as true north

• Minimum supply air temperature 120C
• Cooling coil effectiveness, c 0.85
• Outside air requirements: 10 litres per second per person

3. Building Details
Location: Temperate Town. Climate zone 6.
Building Type: Class 6 Structure
Building Description: The project is a two storey shopping centre with a carpark adjacent. The building
contains 30 different stores providing a variety of choice to shoppers. It features
a courtyard centred around restaurants on the first floor and has a feature façade
with shade sails on the perimeter of the food court.

2
4. References
• ASHRAE Guide and Data Books (Fundamentals), American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and
Air Conditioning Engineers. (Available Online)
• AIRAH Design Manual DA09.
• Australian Standard 1668, Part 2-2012 + A1 (Search SAI GLOBAL in UNSW Library).
• Australian Standard 1668, Part 4-2012 (Search SAI GLOBAL in UNSW Library).
• NCC 2016, SECTION J- Energy Efficiency (Available Online)
• CAMEL User Guide

• Assignment 1 - Building specifications

• Assignment 1 - Assignment helper

5. Important Notes
• All calculations must be in SI units.
• All source of data etc., must be properly referenced.
• All assumptions must be listed and justified.
• The professional report must contain at the front a tabulated summary of the results (Executive
Summary).

• In both submissions, only if the calculations are repetitive, full working for a calculation can
be forgone for an excel spreadsheet after one sample calculation is provided. The full
spreadsheet can be pasted appropriately in report with informative captions. Otherwise detail
calculations are always expected to be shown clearly step by step. Take care in ensuring that
all steps of a procedure are provided and formulas used are listed throughout the calculation.
• The professional report must also contain Abstract, Introduction, Conclusion, drawings, a
discussion of the results and comparison of the methods, and appropriate tables/figures.
• Part A is due at 5pm Friday 15th September Week 8
• Part B is due at 5pm Friday 27th October Week 13
• Both Parts must be submitted via the submission tool in MOODLE

6. Assignment Guidance
• Part A (DA09) – Nicholas Gilmore, Mitchell Kazmierczak
• Part B (CAMEL) – Melanie Finch, Mitchell Kazmierczak
• CAMEL Guidance – ACADS BSG (Workshop conducted in Week 6)

Issued: 8th August 2017

Dr C.Menictas

3
 A B C D E F G H I

1 R
Un-usual Usual
The Corner Shirts Shirts JB Low Fi
Woolworthlessness
Shop Shoes 256 sq m 146 sq m 440 sq m
475 sq m
450 sq m 85 sq m
2
Dry July Mall Speciality
130 sq m Clocks n Crocks 1,204 sq m Food Court (Outlets)
210 sq m
Toilets Food Court (Seating)
3 130 sq m
Restaurant
R Bot Shop
Mini Major
202 sq m
Major
Mall (includes Kiosks)
Food Court Mayor
4 927 sq m 1,270 sq m
Revolving door
Donut Table w/ 4 seats
Fruit Liquid Supway
Queen
82 sq m 70 sq m Escalator
70 sq m Obey Sport
Dirty bird Mc.Trumps Storage Garbage 231 sq m Toilet
5 105 sq m 105 sq m 105 sq m 140 sq m R Urinal
Sink
Riser (3m x 3m) R
6 NOTE

Car Park AREAS SHOWN TO

2,250 sq m NEAREST SQUARE
METRE

8
SIZE TITLE DATE
0.0 m 30.0 m 50.0 m 100.0 m A4 GROUND FLOOR PLAN (C) 08/08/17
DESCRIPTION PAGE SCALE

TOP VIEW 1 OF 7 1: 750

 A B C D E F G H I

1 R
T.0.5 T.0.6
MM.0.1 MM.0.2 MM.0.3
T.0.4

2
ROOM CODE
T.0.2
T.0.3 Category.Floor.Number
T – Tenancy
3 MM – Mini Major
R T.0.1 M – Major
.
– Ground floor
4 M.0.1
– First floor

Revolving door
T.0.10 T.0.9 T.0.8
Table w/ 4 seats
T.0.7
5 T.0.12 T.0.11 Escalator
R Toilet
Urinal
Sink

6 Riser (3m x 3m) R

8
SIZE TITLE DATE
0.0 m 30.0 m 50.0 m 100.0 m A4 GROUND FLOOR PLAN (BW) 08/08/17
DESCRIPTION PAGE SCALE

TOP VIEW 2 OF 7 1: 750

 A B C D E F G H I

1 Cotton off R Clothes

231 sq m Harvey
for your
Dogmandu Fantastic pet Snoreman s
450 sq m Fanny Furniture
Fitness second Packs 640 sq m
146 sq m
920 sq m
2 110 sq m
Mall
Bargain alley 150 sq m Speciality
140 sq m Food Court (Outlets)
Food Court (Seating)
3 City Chemist
190 sq m Restaurant

Skylight
R Bikes n Trikes Mini Major
171 sq m RM Semillons
200 sq m Major
Fancy hats Mall (includes Kiosks)
Skylight Toilets
4 emporium 130 sq m Outdoor balcony
180 sq m 250 sq m Revolving door
Void
Table w/ 4 seats
Bowlerama Shiny Stones Escalator
Tempting Tapas
677 sq m Jeweller
300 sq m Toilet
5 231 sq m
R Urinal
Sink
Riser (3m x 3m) R
6 NOTE

Car park AREAS SHOWN TO

2,250 sq m NEAREST SQUARE
METRE

8
SIZE TITLE DATE
0.0 m 30.0 m 50.0 m 100.0 m A4 FIRST FLOOR PLAN (C) 08/08/17
DESCRIPTION PAGE SCALE

TOP VIEW 3 OF 7 1: 750

 A B C D E F G H I

1 R
T.1.6

T.1.7 MM.1.2
T.1.4
T.1.5
MM.1.1
2
ROOM CODE
T.1.3
Category.Floor.Number
T – Tenancy
3 T.1.8 MM – Mini Major

Skylight
R M – Major
T.1.2
T.1.9 .

Skylight – Ground floor

4 T.1.1 Outdoor – First floor
Balcony
Void
Revolving door
Table w/ 4 seats
MM.1.3 T.1.11 T.1.10
5 Escalator
R Toilet
Urinal
Sink

6 Riser (3m x 3m) R

8
SIZE TITLE DATE
0.0 m 30.0 m 50.0 m 100.0 m A4 FIRST FLOOR PLAN (BW) 08/08/17
DESCRIPTION PAGE SCALE

TOP VIEW 4 OF 7 1: 750

 A B C D E F G H I

100 sq m
Skylight
Skylight
4 89 sq m

8
SIZE TITLE DATE
0.0 m 30.0 m 50.0 m 100.0 m A4 ROOF PLAN 08/08/17
DESCRIPTION PAGE SCALE

TOP VIEW 5 OF 7 1: 750

 A B C D E F G H I

VEW FACING
SOUTH
FACADE

6.00 6.00

4.50 4.50
VIEW FACING
NORTH Glass
Façade Panel
CARPARK
Carpark Obstruction

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 HEIGHTS CONSISTENT
ACROSS BUILDING

VIEW FACING
EAST
FACADE

BALCONY
VIEW FACING
WEST
CARPARK

SIZE TITLE DATE

0.0 m 30.0 m 50.0 m 100.0 m A4 ELEVATION VIEWS 08/08/17
DESCRIPTION PAGE SCALE

NORTH, SOUTH, EAST AND WEST FACING 6 OF 7 1: 750

 FRONT VIEW

FIRST FLOOR
PANEL

GLASS

GROUND FLOOR

1.90
Repeating
1.50

1.50

1.50 1.50
TOP VIEW
NOTE SIZE TITLE DATE
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED A4 FAÇADE DIMENSIONS 08/08/17
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN METRES DESCRIPTION PAGE SCALE

TOP AND SIDE VIEW 7 OF 7 1: 100

 THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES

SCHOOL OF MECHANCIAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING

MECH4880 REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

ASSIGNMENT 1 (2017) – Project Specifications
The following specifications are to be followed unless contradicted by the building layouts or by any
information given in part A of the assignment.

Air Conditioning Design Conditions

General Details:
Latitude 300 South
Location Temperate Town, Climate Zone 6
Orientation Building north is defined as the same as true
north
Minimum supply air temperature 120C
Cooling coil effectiveness 𝜂𝑐 = 0.85
For any external entrance to the mall allow
Infiltration 500l/s. For any external entrance to a shop allow
200l/s.

External Conditions:
Summer 33.80C DB / 22.9 0C WB
Winter 2.1 0C DB/80% RH
External Glazing and Skylights 𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑡 𝑓𝑎ç𝑎𝑑𝑒: 𝑈 = 5.48 𝑆𝐻𝐺𝐶 = 0.435
𝑆𝑘𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑠: 𝑈 = 5.26 𝑆𝐻𝐺𝐶 = 0.574
𝐴𝑙𝑙 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔: 𝑈 = 5.62 𝑆𝐻𝐺𝐶 = 0.611
External Walls, Floors and Roofing External walls: R=2.6
Floors: R=1.5
Roofing: R=3.2
Absorbance = 0.7 (medium colour)
Values are as above unless the surface does not
compliance with NCC2016 Section J then raise
to minimum value as specified by Section J
Storage Mass Can be assumed as 420 𝑘𝑔/𝑚2

Internal Conditions:
Outside Air Requirement 10 𝑙/𝑠. 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
Internal Walls Internal Walls and Partitions: R=1
Internal Floors and Ceilings: See External
Values are as above unless the surface does not
compliance with NCC2016 Section J then raise
to minimum value as specified by Section J
Internal Glazing 6mm plate glass as defined in DA 09

Design Safety Factor

Safety factor on all plant and air handling No safety factor is to be applied on this project
systems for the sizing and selection of any plant
Diversity in plant No diversity is to be applied on this project for
the sizing and selection of any plant

1
Unless otherwise stated use the appropriate tabulated data below with the tenancy layouts for the
conditions and loading for each shop.
Speciality Shops
Summer Set Point 23.5𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/55% 𝑅𝐻
Winter Set Point 21𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/80% 𝑅𝐻
Lighting and Power (applicable to gross floor 35 𝑊/𝑚2
area)
Occupancy 3.5 𝑚2 /𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
Percentage of gross floor area assumed to be 70%
occupied
Sensible/Latent Load Per person 72W / 58W

Food Court (Outlets)

Summer Set Point 23.5𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/55% 𝑅𝐻
Winter Set Point 21𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/80% 𝑅𝐻
Lighting and Power (applicable to gross floor 80 𝑊/𝑚2
area)
Occupancy Greater of 6 people or 1 person per 15𝑚2
Sensible/Latent Load Per person 72W / 58W

Food Court (Seating)

Summer Set Point 23.5𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/55% 𝑅𝐻
Winter Set Point 21𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/80% 𝑅𝐻
Lighting and Power (applicable to gross floor 10 𝑊/𝑚2
area)
Occupancy 3.5 𝑚2 /𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
Percentage of gross floor area assumed to be 80% or as per seating shown
occupied
Sensible/Latent Load Per person 82W / 78W

Restaurants
Summer Set Point 23.5𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/55% 𝑅𝐻
Winter Set Point 21𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/80% 𝑅𝐻
Lighting and Power (applicable to gross floor 60 𝑊/𝑚2
area)
Occupancy 1.5 𝑚2 /𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
Percentage of gross floor area assumed to be 60%
occupied
Sensible/Latent Load Per person 82W / 78W

Mini Majors
Summer Set Point 23.5𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/55% 𝑅𝐻
Winter Set Point 21𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/80% 𝑅𝐻
Lighting and Power (applicable to gross floor 30 𝑊/𝑚2
area)
Occupancy 3.5 𝑚2 /𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛

2
 Percentage of gross floor area assumed to be 70%
occupied
Sensible/Latent Load Per person 72W / 58W

Majors
Summer Set Point 23.5𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/55% 𝑅𝐻
Winter Set Point 21𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/80% 𝑅𝐻
Lighting and Power (applicable to gross floor 25 𝑊/𝑚2
area)
Occupancy 4 𝑚2 /𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
Percentage of gross floor area assumed to be 80%
occupied
Sensible/Latent Load Per person 72W / 58W
Special Note Must have a dedicated AHU

Mall (include kiosks)

Summer Set Point 23.5𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/55% 𝑅𝐻
Winter Set Point 21𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/80% 𝑅𝐻
Lighting and Power (applicable to gross floor 10 𝑊/𝑚2
area)
Occupancy 5 𝑚2 /𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
Percentage of gross floor area assumed to be 100%
occupied
Sensible/Latent Load Per person 72W / 58W

System Sizing
Energy efficient measures for this project will be undertaken to reach HVAC system energy reduction
targets. The system designer shall not undersize or oversize system components such that it would
lead to greater energy consumption. The following table is a guide to system sizing for the project and
must not be exceeded without approval.
Duct Sizing
Main Duct (AHU/FCU) 1 𝑃𝑎⁄𝑚 𝑜𝑟 7.5 𝑚⁄𝑠 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑟
Branch Ducts (AHU/FCU) 1 𝑃𝑎⁄𝑚 𝑜𝑟 6 𝑚⁄𝑠 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑟
Flexible Ducts Not required
Grilles 𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 300 𝑙 ⁄𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑔𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒
Exhaust Ducts 1 𝑃𝑎⁄𝑚 𝑜𝑟 7.5 𝑚⁄𝑠 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑟

Ventilation
All ventilation requirements are to be in compliance with AS 1668.2 + A1-2015 and AS 1668.4 2012.

Variations
Any details included here for individual tenancies take priority over any of the previously listed
general values. These encompass particular tenant requests or space repurposing.

3
Shop MM.0.1 (Woolworthlessness)

Summer Set Point 22𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/55% 𝑅𝐻

Winter Set Point 22𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/80% 𝑅𝐻
Lighting and Power (applicable to gross floor 25 𝑊/𝑚2
area)
Occupancy 2.25 𝑚2 /𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
Percentage of gross floor area assumed to be 75%
occupied
Sensible/Latent Load Per person 72W / 58W

Shop T.1.11 (Shiny Stones Jeweller)

Summer Set Point 23.5𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/55% 𝑅𝐻

Winter Set Point 21𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/80% 𝑅𝐻
Lighting and Power (applicable to gross floor 55 𝑊/𝑚2
area)
Occupancy 3 𝑚2 /𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
Percentage of gross floor area assumed to be 85%
occupied
Sensible/Latent Load Per person 72W / 58W

Shop T.0.2 (“Dry July”)

Summer Set Point 22𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/55% 𝑅𝐻

Winter Set Point 20𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/80% 𝑅𝐻
Lighting and Power (applicable to gross floor 35 𝑊/𝑚2
area)
Occupancy 3 𝑚2 /𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
Percentage of gross floor area assumed to be 75%
occupied
Sensible/Latent Load Per person 72W / 58W

Shop MM.1.1 (Fitness Second)

Summer Set Point 23.5𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/55% 𝑅𝐻

Winter Set Point 21𝑜 𝐶 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏/80% 𝑅𝐻
Lighting and Power (applicable to gross floor 55 𝑊/𝑚2
area)
Occupancy 3 𝑚2 /𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
Percentage of gross floor area assumed to be 80%
occupied
Sensible/Latent Load Per person 115W / 185W

4
Shop T.0.6 (Usual shirts):
Calculate the U values as per follows. If the calculated values do not comply with NCC 2016- section
J, add insulation in increments of R=0.5 until the U value requirement is met.
Floor: 100mm concrete with + 25mm sand/topping + carpet and underlay
Ceiling: 100 mm wood rafters, plaster below, fibreglass insulation between the rafters, topped by 25
mm wooden roof deck and covered by metal decking (clip-lock style)
External: 2×90mm brick with 60mm air gap + 15mm gypsum plaster + thin marble
Internal: 12mm plaster board + 100mm + 12mm plaster board
Windows: As per elevation plans. Windows are assumed to be 6mm plate glass as per DA09.

Internal Loads
Occupancy: 45 customers and 5 staff

Equipment:

Shop Name Quantity

T.0.6 Refrigerator 500L 1
T.0.6 Coffee brewer 1
T.0.6 Cash register 4
T.0.6 Microwave oven 1
T.0.6 Water cooler 1

Lighting: 30 𝑊/𝑚2

MM.0.3 (JB low-fi) construction:

Calculate the U values as per follows. If the calculated values do not comply with NCC 2016- section
J, add insulation in increments of R=0.5 until the U value requirement is met.
Floor: 100mm concrete with + 25mm sand/topping + carpet and underlay
Ceiling: Bituminous felt roof with 150mm of concrete and 25 mm of sand and cement topping and
plaster tiles
External: 2×90mm brick with 60mm air gap + 15mm gypsum plaster
Internal: 12mm plaster board + 100mm + 12mm plaster board
Windows: As per elevation plans. Windows are assumed to be 6mm plate glass as per DA09.

Internal Loads
Occupancy: Average of 90 customer/staff with 140 customer/staff during peak times

5
Equipment:
Shop Name Quantity
MM.0.3 Coffee machine 5L 1
MM.0.3 Microwave oven 1
MM.0.3 Toaster 1
MM.0.3 Desktop computer 1
MM.0.3 Laptop computer 1
MM.0.3 Flat-panel monitor 15” 5
MM.0.3 Flat-panel monitor 30” 10
MM.0.3 Flat-panel monitor 45” 15
MM.0.3 Flat-panel monitor 60” 10
MM.0.3 Cash register 4

Lighting: 30 𝑊/𝑚2

6
 MECH4880 REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
ASSIGNMENT 1 (2017) – Assignment Helper

Aim
The purpose of this document is to provide a more detailed and partially stepped out explanation for each
section and is the minimum expectation for both Part A and Part B reports. This document outlines two
main procedures to follow, these are discuss and perform. Discuss questions are designed such that you
are given some direction for what to do next while developing your understanding of the concept. Discuss
questions should typically be answered in a maximum of one paragraph, while the depth of your
understand and research should be demonstrated in your response, keeping your answer succinct is also a
critical part of explaining and reporting engineering findings. Perform questions which usually follow
from discuss questions are designed to use the understanding you develop from the discuss question and
complete that section of the report.

Preceding the breakdown of both parts to the assignment is a list of assumptions that have already been
made for your assignment, take care in reading and understanding them as they can greatly simplify the
amount of work you need to complete.

Part A
Section 1 – Design Day Selection and Specification Comprehension
Discuss: What are design days and what is their significance to heat load calculation?
Perform: Select the summer and winter design days for the project.
Discuss: What are the design conditions (Internal and external) for the project?
Discuss: Calculate the size of the buildings ceiling space and explain its purpose.
Discuss: Define and explain the following terms: storage mass, AHU, glazing, partition.
Perform: Specify the daily and yearly temperature ranges you are going to use for the analysis and
briefly describe why you are using those values.

Section 2 – External Loads – Wall Specifications

Discuss: What is the difference between a U-value and an R-value?
Discuss: How are U-values calculated for walls made from a series of layers of differing materials?
Discuss: How does outdoor wind speed affect U-values for a given material?
Perform: Calculate and report the U-values for all surfaces in shops T.0.6 and MM.0.3.
Perform: Using NCC 2016 Volume One, determine the minimum R-values for a typical wall, roof and
floor (Hint: Sections J1.3, J1.5 and J1.6).
Discuss: Why does the BCA provide minimum R-values?
Perform: For any surface which does not meet the minimum requirements add increments of R=0.5
insulation until the surface meets the minimum specification. Provide a list of the updated U-values for all
surfaces.
Perform: Calculated and report the storage masses.
Section 3 – External Loads – Solar Transmission
Discuss: Determine which surfaces will experience solar transmission loads.
Discuss: Surfaces external to the structure use a modified temperature difference when calculating their
contribution to the heat loads, why is this used and what is its effect on the heat loads (increase/decrease)?
Discuss: How is the heat load for external glazing calculated? Provide the full formula and explain each
component.
Perform: Calculate and report the heat load for all external surfaces.

Section 4 – External Loads – Partitions

Discuss: What is the difference between partitions and external surfaces and how does the heat load
calculation differ between them?
Perform: Calculate and report the heat load for all partitions.

Section 5 – External Loads – Winter

Discuss: Discuss three key differences between calculating external loads for cooling (summer) and
heating (winter).
Perform: Calculate and report the external loads under winter conditions.

Section 6 – Internal Loads – Summer

Discuss: Not including infiltration what are the three main forms of internal loads and how would the
heat load be calculated from the provided information?
Perform: Calculate and report all internal loads and infiltration loads.

Section 7 – Internal Loads – Winter

Discuss: Discuss three key differences between calculating internal loads for cooling (summer) and
heating (winter).
Perform: Calculate and report all internal and infiltration loads under winter conditions.

Section 8 – Cooling and Heating Load Summary

Perform: Report a summarized version of your findings for both shops and determine the total heating
and cooling load required for the space.

Section 9 – Psychrometric Charts (Summer only)

Discuss: Discuss the features of psychrometric charts and the information they can provide.
Perform: Produce psychrometric charts for the peak summer loading cases for both shops reporting any
intermediate values and clearly indicating all points on the chart and their values.
Perform: Calculate the reheat capacity (if required) and the total cooling coil load
Section 10 - CAMEL heat load simulation and validation for shops T.0.6 and
MM.0.3
Perform: Simulate and report the heating and cooling loads of the shops T.0.6 and MM.0.3. In the body
of your report provide screenshots of your CAMEL simulation which as a minimum should show any
pages including data entry. The results of the simulation should be placed in an appendix but a summary
of your findings should be in the body of the report similar to the hand calculations.
Perform: Provide a quantitative comparison between both methods used in calculating the heat loads for
shops T.0.6 and MM.0.3.
Discuss: Comparing your calculations in part A are you results the same for shops T.0.6 and MM.0.3? If
they are not, why? (Hint: there are different result types produced by CAMEL).

Part B
Section 1 - Produce conditioned/ventilated space maps and thermal zone plans
Discuss: Define and compare conditioned and ventilated spaces, also give two examples of spaces/room
types for each.
Perform: Using two different colours, preferably blue for conditioned and red for ventilated, produce an
overlay of the building floor plans showing all conditioned spaces and all ventilated spaces. Are there any
spaces on the building plan which are neither conditioned nor ventilated?
Discuss: What is thermal zoning and what information does it provide when setting up heat load
calculations?
Perform: Produce and overlay of the building floor plans showing your thermal zoning plan for all
conditioned spaces.

Section 2 - Ventilated space calculations

Perform: Using AS 1668.4 – 2012 determine if the carpark can be classed as naturally ventilated or if it
must be mechanical ventilated. If the carpark must be mechanically ventilated calculate and report the
exhaust rate using the methods outlined in AS 1668.2 - 2012.
Discuss: Consulting table 3.2 in AS 1668.2 – 2012, what is the smallest number of exhaust systems that
can be installed to serve all ventilated spaces.
Perform: Using the appropriate appendices from AS 1668.2 – 2012 calculate and report the exhaust rate
(L/s) for each ventilated space within the building.

Section 3 - CAMEL heat load simulation

Discuss: This project uses the comfort temperature conditions defined by CAMEL. What are the critical
conditions, how are they measured and under what circumstances would you use them?
Discuss: Briefly discuss the following features of the building: where are the partitions (those that will
add to the heat load), which rooms will have roof loads, how many skylights are there and which spaces
to they interact with.
Perform: Simulate and report the heating and cooling loads of the entire building. In the body of your
report provide screenshots of your CAMEL simulation which as a minimum should show the features in
the above discussion question and the food court façade glazing. The results of the simulation should be
placed in an appendix but a summary of your findings should be in the body of the report.
Discuss: The specification states that safety factors and diversity will not be used. Define each term and
discuss the impacts on duct, AHU and system cost for the introduction of each.

Section 4 - Air schematics

Discuss: What is the purpose of an air schematic? What information can it provide?
Produce: Construct a separate or combined full air schematics for the supply and ventilation of the entire
building. All equipment serving these rooms must be represented on the schematic, complete with all the
spaces they serve. The schematic should again show at a minimum the airflow into each space, and the
flow rates for all relevant AHUs and fans.

Section 5 - Duct Design

Discuss: Why are different maximum airspeeds used for main ducts and branch ducts?
Discuss: What are the pros/cons of reducing duct size for the same airflow? What are the pros/cons of
increasing duct size for the same airflow?
Discuss: What is a riser, what is the purpose of a riser?
Perform Construct a single line layout and preliminary duct sizes for all exhaust systems, indicating duct
size and flow rate.
Perform: Using the single line layout provided construct a double line duct layout as an overlay of the
shops floor plan indicating duct size, flow rate and any other data required to avoid clashes in each
section of duct (whenever the duct size, height or flow rate changes).
Discuss: Briefly discuss three important factors/considerations in duct design and how these could
be/have been implemented in the duct layout produced for the previous section.

Section 6 - Pressure loss calculations and fan selection (Ventilated spaces only)
Discuss: In terms of duct pressure loss calculations what is an index run (equal friction method)?
Discuss: Why is the index run pressure drop used as the pressure drop for the entire system? How can we
achieve this pressure drop at each outlet to ensure the correct airflow (equal friction method)?
Perform: Indicate the index run on the previously drawn supply system and all exhaust duct systems.
Discuss: Pressure losses are due to two main causes, straight duct and duct fittings, provide the formula
for both and explain each term.
Perform: For ventilated spaces only, calculate and report the pressure loss (equal friction method) along
the index run. Only the losses for the rigid duct should be counted i.e. ignore any pressure losses
associated with intakes, grilles, flexible connections, etc. To compensate for this assumption add 100Pa
pressure drop onto your final value.
Discuss: Discuss three important factors when selecting a fan.
Perform: Select and report fans for each pressure loss calculation and justify their selection based of the
previous discussion question. (Hint: you only need to provide at least pressure drop and flow rate)
Section 7 - AHU selection
Discuss: What are the most important parameters to consider when selecting an AHU?
Produce: Select appropriate AHU’s for each of your nominated thermal zones. Each unit selected should,
as a minimum, meet the capacity and airflow required. All units can be assumed to be air cooled or
connected to a chiller system based on your AHU selection (Note: you do not need to design or select any
associated equipment).
Discuss: What is economy cycle? What is different about AHUs with economy cycle?

Section 8 - Building improvements and sustainable design

Discuss: What are building features have the most significant heat load and what improvements could
you make to mitigate their impact? (1 paragraph per feature, minimum 3 features)
Discuss: Would reducing the air off temperature (reducing the coil temperature) reduce the cooling
capacity required? Why/why not?
Perform: State 3-5 improvements other than those listed in the previous discuss question to reduce the
required cooling capacity of the building. Justify your suggestions by recalculating the CAMEL
simulation and report the change in cooling required.
Discuss: Briefly describe two rating schemes that have been implemented in the Buildings industry in
order to encourage sustainability. Discuss their impact on HVAC system design and to what extent you
think they have been successful. (2 paragraphs maximum)

Assumptions:
 All requirements relating to fire zoning or other fire considerations are out of scope
 All kitchen exhausts are considered out of scope
 The shape of the roof is cosmetic only and the full height (slab to slab) of the first floor can be
considered to be 6000mm.
 FCU’s and AHU’s can be assumed to have the same function and features and so only AHU’s
need to be used
 All duct is designed to be rectangular/square and in increments of no less than 50mm (e.g.
325x350mm is not allowed but 450x600mm is) and flexible duct is not required to be sized
 All grilles can provide a maximum of 300l/s
 Duct design does not require economy cycle
 “DA09 infiltration” (infiltration through walls and windows only needs to be applied for shops
considered in the hand calculations, you still need to consider door infiltration for all shops with
external walls which contain doors.
 For Part A only all glass (internal and external) as 6mm plate as defined by DA09.
 For the purpose of hand calculations please assume the false ceiling space to be void (you should
still justify why this is appropriate).
 On making your own assumptions: As a general rule of thumb if it is not in the assignment
documents just make the assumption that will make your calculations the easiest possible while
still being justifiable. Extending from this the assignment helper can be used as a tool to identify
the key elements that we are looking for, while you will have to perform some tasks out of the
listing try to maximise your use of time by not overdoing or overdetailing these sections.
5 4 3

F
G
H
M.0.1
MAYOR

SIZE TITLE DATE

A4
A4 GROUND FLOOR PLAN (BW) 26/07/2017
DESCRIPTION PAGE SCALE
1 OF 1 1:200
TOP VIEW 2 OF 7 1: 750
5 4 3

F
DUCT LAYOUT, GRILL
PLACEMENT AND
NUMBER OF GRILLS IS
INDICATIVE ONLY AND
SUBJECT TO CHANGE

G
H
M.0.1
MAYOR

RIGID DUCT

FLEXIBLE DUCT
SIZE TITLE MAYOR DUCT DATE
A4 8/8/2017
A4 LAYOUT
GROUND FLOOR PLAN (BW) 26/07/2017
DESCRIPTION PAGE SCALE
SINGLE LINE 1 OF 1 1:200
TOP VIEW 2 OF 7 1: 750
 5 4 3

F
650

G
800

650 650

H
M.0.1
MAYOR

400 650 650

400
I

350 - INDICATES BEAM DEPTH

FROM BASE OF OVERALL
SLAB
SIZE TITLE MAYOR DATE
A4 STRUCTURAL 8/8/2017
A4 GROUND FLOOR PLAN (BW) 26/07/2017
DESCRIPTION PAGE SCALE
BEAM LAYOUT 1 OF 1 1:200
TOP VIEW 2 OF 7 1: 750
 5 4 3

F
150 DIA

150 DIA

G
150 DIA

75 DIA 75 DIA

H
M.0.1
MAYOR
100 DIA

75 DIA 75 DIA
I

TO AVOID EXCESSIVE
BENDS AND PIPING ALL
SYPHONICS ARE PLACED
SUCH THAT THEY ARE
LEVEL AND ARE 50mm SIZE
A4
TITLE
MAYOR SYPHONICS
DATE
8/8/2017
CLEAR OF ANY BEAM AT A4 GROUND FLOOR PLAN (BW) 26/07/2017
DESCRIPTION PAGE SCALE
ANY POINT IN THE SYSTEM HYDRAULICS LAYOUT
TOP VIEW
1 OF 1
2 OF 7
1:200
1: 750