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Laboratory Values

The document provides reference ranges for common laboratory test values including hematology, coagulation, biochemistry, lipids and lipoproteins, thyroid function, blood gases, and urine values. It notes that laboratory values may vary and to check with the local laboratory for specific ranges. Ranges are provided separately for males and females for many tests.

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59 views4 pages

Laboratory Values

The document provides reference ranges for common laboratory test values including hematology, coagulation, biochemistry, lipids and lipoproteins, thyroid function, blood gases, and urine values. It notes that laboratory values may vary and to check with the local laboratory for specific ranges. Ranges are provided separately for males and females for many tests.

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Laboratory Values

These vary. Please double-check with your local laboratory.


From Kumar P, Clark M (eds) Kumar and Clark’s Clinical Medicine, 9th edition (Elsevier 2016), with
permission.

Haematology
Haemoglobin
Male 135–177 g/L
Female 115–155 g/L
Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) 27–32 pg
Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) 320–360 g/L Mean
corpuscular volume (MCV) 80–96 fL
Packed cell volume (PCV) or haematocrit Male
0.40–0.54 L/L
Female 0.37–0.47 L/L
White blood count (WBC) 4–11 x 109/L Basophil
granulocytes 0.01–0.1 x 109/L
Eosinophil granulocytes 0.04–0.4 x 109/L
Lymphocytes 1.5–4.0 x 109/L
Monocytes 0.2–0.8 x 109/L
Neutrophil granulocytes 2.0–7.5 x 109/L
Platelet count 150–400 x 109/L
Serum B12 160–925 ng/L (150–675 pmol/L)
Serum folate 4–18 μg/L (5–63 nmol/L) Red
cell folate 160–640 μg/L Reticulocyte
count 50–100 x 109/L
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) <15 mm in 1 hour
Plasma viscosity 1.5–1.72 mPa.s

Coagulation
Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) 26–37s
Prothrombin time 11.5–13.5 s
International Normalized Ratio (INR) 1.0–1.3
D-dimer <500 μg/L pulmonary embolism unlikely
Biochemistry
(serum/plasma in alphabetical order)
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) <40 U/L
Albumin 35–50 g/L
Alkaline phosphatase 39–117 U/L
Amylase 25–125 U/L
Angiotensin-converting enzymes 10–70 U/L
α1-antitrypsin 2–4 g/L
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 12–40 U/L
Bilirubin <17 μmol/L (0.3–1.5 mg/dL)
BNP threshold 100 pg/mL
Caeruloplasmin 1.5–2.9 μmol/L
Calcium 2.20–2.67 mmol/L (8.5–10.5 mg/dL)
Chloride 98–106 mmol/L
Complement
C3 0.75–1.65 g/L
C4 0.20–0.60 g/L
Copper 11–20 μmol/L (100–200 mg/dL)
C-reactive protein <5 mg/L
Creatinine 79–118 μmol/L (0.6–1.5 mg/dL)
Creatine kinase (CPK)
Female 20–170 U/L
Male 30–200 U/L
CK-MB fraction 0–7 U/L (<6% of total activity)
Ferritin
Female 15–200 μg/L
Post menopausal 4–230 μg/L
Male 30–300 μg/L
α-fetoprotein <10 k U/L
Fructosamine up to 285 μmol/L
Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT)
Male 11–58 U/L
Female 7–32 U/L
Glucose (fasting) 4.5–5.6 mmol/L (70–110 mg/dL)
Glycosylated (glycated) haemoglobin (HbA1c) 20–40 mmol/mol (4–5.9%)
Immunoglobulins (11 years and over)
lgA 0.8–4 g/L
lgG 5.5–16.5 g/L
lgM 0.4–2.0 g/L
Iron 13–32 μmol/L (50–150 μg/dL)
Iron binding capacity (total) (TIBC) 42–80 μmol/L (250–410 μg/dL
Lactate 0.6–2.4 mmol/L
Lactate dehydrogenase 240–480 U/L
Magnesium 0.7–1.1 mmol/L
β2-microglobulin 1.0–3.0 mg/L
Osmolality 275–295 mOsm/kg
Phosphate 0.8–1.5 mmol/L
Potassium 3.5–5.0 mmol/L
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) up to 4.0 μg/L
Protein (total) 62–77 g/L
Sodium 135–146 mmol/L
Tryptase <13 ng/mL
Urate 0.18–0.42 mmol/L (3.0–7.0 mg/dL)
Urea 2.5–6.7 mmol/L (8–25 mg/dL)
Vitamin A 0.5–2.01 μmol/L
Vitamin D (seasonal variation) 25-hydroxy 37–200 nmol/L (0.15–0.80 ng/L)
Zinc 11–24 μmol/L

Lipids and Lipoproteins


Cholesterol 3.5–6.5 mmol/L (ideal <5.2 mmol/L)
HDL cholesterol
Male 0.8–1.8 mmol/L
Female 1.0–2.3 mmol/L
LDL cholesterol <4.0 mmol/L (ideal <2 mmol/L)
Lipids (total) 4.0–10.0 g/L
Lipoproteins
VLDL 0.128–0.645 mmol/L
LDL 1.55–4.4 mmol/L
HDL
Male 0.70–2.1 mmol/L
Female 0.50–1.70 mmol/L
Phospholipid 2.9–5.2 mmol/L
Triglycerides
Male 0.70–2.1 mmol/L
Female 0.50–1.70 mmol/L
Thyroid function tests
Thyroxine (free T4) 9–21 pmol/L
Tri-iodothyronine (free T3) 0.9–2.4 nmol/L
Thyroid stimulating hormone 0.2–4.5 mU/L

Blood Gases (Arterial)


PaCO2 4.8–6.1 kPa (36–46 mmHg)
PaO2 10.6–13.3 kPa (80–100 mmHg)
[H ] 35–45 nmol/L
+

pH 7.35–7.45
Bicarbonate 22–26 mmol/L

Urine Values
Calcium 7.5 mmol per 24h or less (<300 mg daily)
Copper 0.2–1.0 μmol per 24h (15-40 mg/24h)
Creatinine 0.13–0.22 mmol per kilogram body weight, per day
5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5HIAA) <47 μmol daily; amounts lower in females than males
Protein (quantitative) <0.15 g per 24 hours
Sodium 60–180 mmol per 24 hours

Serum/Urine Values
eGFR
Male 90–140 mL/min
Female 80–125 mL/min
Albumin mg/Creatinine mmol (ACR)
Female <3.5
Male < 2.5

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