Cambridge International A Level Chemistry Answers to end-of-chapter questions

Answers to EOCQs
Chapter 22 c e.g. the first step involves the collision of two
molecules of B and one of C, forming B2C;[1]
1 a correct axes, suitably labelled; [1] this is the slow / rate-determining step; [1]
points plotted correctly; [1] the fast step involves A colliding with the
curve of best fit drawn [1] intermediate; B2C + A → ABC + B [1]
Total = 19
b half-life method used; [1]
three successive half-lives shown to be 3 a zero order [1]
similar[1]
b 2nd order [1]
c tangents drawn at each of the three
c i time taken for the concentration of a
concentrations;[1]
reactant to fall to half its original value [1]
rates calculated from gradients [1]
ii it remains constant [1]
d graph plotted of rate against concentration;
[1] d graph plotted so that [propanone] halves
points plotted correctly; [1] every 10 s (1 mark for each point plotted
line of best fit drawn [1] correctly):
20 s → 2 mmol dm–3[1]
e it is a straight line; [1]
30 s → 1 mmol dm–3[1]
through 0,0 [1]
40 s → 0.5 mmol dm–3[1]
[it shows direct proportionality gains 2 marks]
Total = 12 50 s → 0.25 mmol dm–3[1]
e the slowest step; [1]
2 a i the power / index [1] its rate limits the overall rate of reaction [1]
to which the concentration of a particular f O OH+
reactant is raised in the rate equation [1]
H3C C CH3 + H+ H3C C CH3
ii To find the order of reaction with respect  [3]
to A, use experiments 1, 2 and 3; [1] [1 mark for each reactant; 1 mark for the
doubling [A] has no (significant) effect on product]
the rate; [1] Total = 13
so reaction is zero order with respect to A.
[1] 4 a a substance that speeds up a chemical
To find the order of reaction with respect reaction / changes the reaction rate; [1]
to B, use experiments 4, 5 and 6; [1] but is chemically unchanged at the end of the
doubling [B] increases rate by factor of 4; reaction[1]
[1] b i correct axes, suitably labelled; [1]
so reaction is 2nd order with respect to B. points correctly plotted; [1]
[1] curve of best fit drawn [1]
To find the order of reaction with respect ii half-life = 1.5 min;[1]
to C, use experiments 7, 8 and 9; [1] correct working shown on graph [1]
doubling [C] doubles the rate; [1] iii tangent drawn to curve at t = 2 min;[1]
so reaction is 1st order with respect to C.[1]
gradient of tangent = –1.18
4.1 [1]
b i rate = k[B]2 [C][1]
= –0.287 [1]
ii 3[1] rate = 0.287 mol dm–3 min–1[1]
iii rearranging the rate equation: c i half-life is constant; [1]
rate reaction is first order; [1]
k= 2 [1]
[B]  [C]
0.00073 rate = k[H2O2][1]
correct value: = 2 = 8.1 × 10–3[1]
(0.300)  (1.00)
units are dm6 mol–2 s–1[1]
Cambridge International AS and A Level Chemistry © Cambridge University Press 2014
 Cambridge International A Level Chemistry Answers to end-of-chapter questions

rate
ii
k=  [1] ii Reactant molecules adsorbed onto the
[H2O2]
surface (of the catalyst); [1]
= 0.287
0.61 = 0.470 [1] bonds within the reactant molecules
–1
units are min [1] weakened / broken; [1]
iii
rate = k[H2O2] = 0.470 × 2 = 0.940 [1] new bonds formed with adjacent atoms to
units are mol dm–3 min–1  [1] form products; [1]
Total = 19 products desorbed from catalyst surface.[1]
5 a correct axes, suitably labelled; [1] b 2NO2 → NO + NO3 slow [1]
points correctly plotted; [1] NO3 + CO → NO2 + CO2
curve of best fit drawn [1] fast[1]
[allow other reactions with suitable
b 1st order; [1]
intermediate]
rate of reaction is directly proportional to
peroxodisulfate concentration [1] c i NO: order is 2nd order; [1]
2– – when concentration of NO increased
c rate = k[S2O8 ] [I ][1]
3-fold, rate of reaction increases 9-fold /
d i homogeneous (catalysis); [1] by (3)2;[1]
the catalysts and reactants are in the same O2: order is 1st order; [1]
phase / are all in the aqueous phase [1] when concentration of oxygen increased
ii In equation 1, both ions are negative / have by 4/3, rate of reaction is also increased by
the same charge; [1] 4/3 (or similar argument). [1]
so tend to repel each other. [1] ii 2
rate = k[O2] [NO2] [1]
In equations 2 and 3, the ions are
iii dm6 mol–2 s–1[1]
oppositely charged / one is positive and Total = 14
the other negative; [1]
so are more likely to attract each other. [1] 8 a Any two suitable methods (1 mark for method
Total = 12 and 1 mark for explanation); for example:
Electrical conductivity;  [1]
6 a correct axes, suitably labelled; [1]
because ions are present in the reactants but
points correctly plotted; [1]
not in the products. [1]
line of best fit drawn [1]
Titration of small samples with standard
b The gradient and therefore the rate is alkali;[1]
constant, even though the concentration of because the concentration of hydrogen ions
iodine is changing. [1] falls during the reaction. [1]
c No – there must be a slow step [1] [not titration with standard alkali without
which doesn’t involve iodine. [1] qualification, as this suggests that the whole
d The balanced equation tells us about number reaction mixture is being titrated]
of molecules of reactants consumed and b i BrO3–: order is 1st order; [1]
products produced [1] compare experiments 2 and 3; doubling
and their formulae; [1] the concentration doubles the rate; [1]
the rate equation tells us how many of each Br–: order is 1st order; [1]
reactant molecules [1] compare experiments 2 and 4; doubling
are present in the slowest / rate-determining the concentration doubles the rate; [1]
step.[1] +
H : order is 2nd order; [1]
Total = 10 compares experiments 1 and 2;
doubling the concentration increases
7 a i (Catalysis in which) the catalyst is in a
the rate 4-fold / (2)2.[1]
different phase [1]
from the reactants / rest of the reaction ii rate = k[BrO3–][Br–] [H+]2[1]
mixture.[1] iii 4th order [1]
Total = 12
Cambridge International AS and A Level Chemistry © Cambridge University Press 2014