Design Parameters

Design Internal Pressure = 0 kPa

Design External Pressure = 0.25 kPa

D of Tank = 8.5 m
ID of Tank = 8.5 m
CL of Tank = 8.51 m
Shell Height = 7.24 m
S.G of Contents = 1.01
S.G of Hydrotest = 1.03
Max Liq. Level = 7.24 m
Min Liq. Level = 1.2 m
Design Temperature = 48 °C
MDMT (Minimum Design Metal Temperature) = -5 °C
Tank Joint Efficiency = 1
Ground Snow Load = 0 kPa
Roof Live Load = 1.5 kPa
Additional Roof Dead Load = 0 kPa

Wind Load Basis: ASCE7-05

3 Second Gust Wind Speed (entered), Vg = 45 m/s
162 km/h
Wind Importance Factor, Iw = 1 1
Design Wind Speed, V = Vg * SQRT(Iw) = 162 km/h

Seismic Method: API-650 - ASCE7 Mapped(Ss & S1)

Seismic Use Group = II
Site Class = D
T_L (sec) = 4
Ss (g) = 2.64
S1 (g) = 0.67
Av (g) = 0.82
Q= 0.67
Importance Factor = 1.25
Roof Design Details
Roof Type: Cone
Roof Plate Material: A36
Structure Support Type: NONE

A36 Material Properties

Minimum Tensile Strength (Sut) = 400 Mpa

Minimum Yield Strength (Sy) = 250 Mpa

Geometry

Rh = Horizontal Radius (m)

slope = Slope (Rise / Run)

Rh = 4.25 m
slope = 3.24
slope/ 12
slope = 0.27

Description Variable Equation Value Unit

Slope Angle Theta ARCTAN(slope) 15.11 deg
Half Apex
Alpha 90 - Theta 74.89 deg
Angle
Height h Rh * TAN(Theta) 1.15 m
Surface (pi * (Rh^2)) /
A 58.78 m^2
Area COS(Theta)
Volume V (pi * (Rh^2) * h) / 3 21.70 m^3
Center of
CG h/3 0.38 m
Gravity

Weights

DL = Dead Load (kPa)

DL-ins = Insulation Dead Load (kPa)
DL-plates = Plates Dead Load (kPa)
W = Plates Nominal Weight (kg)
W-DL = Total Nominal Dead Weight (kg)
W-corr = Plates Corroded Weight (kg)
W-ins = Insulation Weight (kg)
d = Plates Density (kg/m^3)
d-ins = Insulation Density (kg/m^3)
t = Plates Thickness (mm)
t-ins = Insulation Thickness (mm)

d= 7840 kg/m3
d-ins = 130 kg/m3
t= 9 mm
CA= 2 mm
t-ins = 0 mm

W=A*d*t
W = 58.78 * 7840 * 0.009
W= 4147.305 kg

W-corr = A * d * (t - CA)
W-corr = 58.78 * 7840 * (0.009 - 0.002)
W-corr = 3225.68 kg

DL-plates = ((9.81 * W) / (pi * ((D / 2)^2))) * (1 / 1000)

DL-plates = ((9.81 *4147.305) / (pi *((8.5/2)^2))) * (1/1000)
DL-plates = 0.717 kPa

DL = DL-plates + DL-ins
DL = 0.717 + 0.0
DL = 0.717 kPa

W-DL = (DL * A) / 9.81

W-DL = (0.717 * 58.78) / 9.81
W-DL = 4295.933 kg

Loads

B = Maximum Gravity Load Combination Based on Balanced Snow Load (kPa)

Fpe = External Pressure Combination Factor
Lr = Minimum Roof Live Load (kPa)
Pe = Design External Pressure (kPa)
S = Ground Snow Load (kPa)
Sb = Balanced Snow load per API 650 Section 5.2.1 (h) (kPa)
Su = Unbalanced Snow load per API 650 Section 5.2.1 (h) (kPa)
e.1b = Gravity Loads Combination 1 Based on Balaced Snow Load per API 650 Section 5.2.2 (kPa)
e.1u = Gravity Loads Combination 1 Based on Unbalanced Snow Load per API 650 Section 5.2.2 (kPa)
e.2b = Gravity Loads Combination 2 Based on Balanced Snow Load per API 650 Section 5.2.2 (kPa)
e.2u = Gravity Loads Combination 2 Based on Unbalanced Snow Load per API 650 Section 5.2.2 (kPa)

Fpe = 0.4
Lr = 1.5 kPa
Pe = 0.25 kPa
S= 0 kPa

Sb = 0.84 * S
Sb = 0.84 * 0.0
Sb = 0.0 kPa 0 kPa
e.1b = DL + MAX(Lr , Sb) + (Fpe * Pe)
e.1b = 0.7259 + MAX(1.5 , 0.0) + (0.4 * 0.25)
e.1b = 2.317 kPa

e.2b = DL + Pe + (Fpe * MAX(Lr , Sb))

e.2b = 0.7259 + 0.25 + (0.4 * MAX(1.5 , 0.0))
e.2b = 1.567 kPa

B = MAX(e.1b , e.2b)
B = MAX(2.3259 , 1.5759)
B = 2.3259 kPa 2.317 kPa

t-erec-req = Minimum Erection Thickness Including Corrosion Allowance (mm)

Erection Requirements

As per API-650 5.10.2.2,

Minimum Erection Thickness (t-erec) = 5 mm
t-erec-req = t-erec + CA
t-erec-req = 5 + 2
t-erec-req = 7 mm

Gravity Loads Thickness Calculation

B-max = Max Gravity Load Based on Roof Actual Thickness (Balanced Snow Load) (kPa)
Pe-max-1 = MAWV Based on Gravity Loads Combination 1 per API 650 Section 5.2.2 (kPa)
t-calc-1 = Calculated Thickness Based on Balanced Snow Load (mm)

t-calc-1 = ((D / (4.8 * SIN(Theta))) * SQRT((B / 2.2))) + CA

t-calc-1 = ((8.5 / (4.8 * SIN(15.1096))) * SQRT((2.3259 / 2.2))) + 2
t-calc-1 = 8.97 mm

Required Thickness

t-req = Required Thickness (mm)

t-req = MAX(t-erec-req , t-calc-1)

t-req = MAX(7 , 8.9851 )
t-req = 8.97 mm

t >= t-req ==> OK!

Top Member Detail D Design

DLR = Nominal weight of roof plates and attached structural (N)

DLS = Nominal weight of shell plates and framing (N)
R2 = Length of normal to roof (mm)
Wc = Maximum width of participating shell per API-650 Figure F-2 (mm)
Wh = Maximum width of participating roof per API-650 Figure F-2 (mm)
tc_corroded = Thickness of corroded shell plate (mm)
th_corroded = Thickness of corroded roof plate (mm)

Shell nominal diameter (D) = 8.506 m

R2 = (ID / 2) / SIN(Theta angle)

R2 = (8500.0 / 2) / SIN(15.1096)
R2 = 16304.3988 mm

th_corroded = th - CA_roof
th_corroded = 9 - 2
th_corroded = 7 mm

tc_corroded = tc - CA_shell
tc_corroded = 6 - 2
tc_corroded = 4 mm

Wh = MIN((0.3 * SQRT((R2 * th_corroded))) , 300)

Wh = MIN((0.3 * SQRT((16304.3988 * 7))) , 300)
Wh = 101.3497 mm

Wc = 0.6 * SQRT((Rc * tc_corroded))

Wc = 0.6 * SQRT((4250.0 * 4))
Wc = 78.2304 mm

DLS = Ws + W_framing
DLS = 87891.7941 + 3145.4478
DLS = 91037.2419 N

DLR = Wr + W_structural + W_add_DL

DLR = 41189.5686 + 0.0 + 0.0
DLR = 41189.5686 N

Compression Ring Detail d Properties

A_detail = Detail total area (mm^2)

A_roof = Contributing roof area (mm^2)
A_shell = Contributing shell area (mm^2)
ID = Shell inside diameter (m)
I_shell = Contributing shell moment of inertia (mm^4)
Size = Compression ring size
Wc = Length of contributing shell (mm)
Wh = Length of contributing roof (mm)
wc_reduced = Length of contributing shell reduced (mm)

ID = 8.5 m
Size = l100x100x8
Wc = 78.2304 mm
Wh = 101.3497 mm

Compression Ring Vertical Length (l_vert) = 100 mm

Compression Ring Horizontal Length (l_horz) = 100 mm
Compression Ring Cross Sectional Area (A_angle) = 758.8542 mm^2
Compression Ring Centroid (c_angle) = 27.4 mm
Compression Ring Moment of Inertia (I_angle) = 678192.0513 mm^4
Compression Ring Section Modulus (S_angle) = 9509.7013 mm^3

wc_reduced = Wc - l_vert
wc_reduced = 78.2304 - 100
wc_reduced = -21.7696 mm

I_shell = (wc_reduced * (tc_corroded^3)) / 12

I_shell = (-21.7696 * (4^3)) / 12
I_shell = -116.1044 mm^4

A_shell = wc_reduced * tc_corroded

A_shell = -21.7696 * 4
A_shell = -87.0783 mm^2

A_roof = Wh * th_corroded
A_roof = 101.3497 * 7
A_roof = 709.4482 mm^2

A_detail = A_shell + A_roof + A_angle

A_detail = -87.0783 + 709.4482 + 758.8542
A_detail = 1381.2241 mm^2

Find combined moment of inertia about shell inside axis with negative value toward center

Description Variable Equation Value Unit

Shell
d_shell tc_corroded / 2 2 mm
centroid
Stiffener
d_stiff c_angle 27.4 mm
centroid
moment of I_angle +
inertia of I_1 (A_angle * 1247909.4055 mm^4
first body (d_stiff^2))
moment of
I_shell +
inertia of
I_2 (A_shell * -464.4175 mm^4
second
(d_shell^2))
body
A_angle +
Total area A_sum 671.7759 mm^2
A_shell
Sum of
moments of I_sum I_1 + I_2 1247444.9879 mm^4
inertia's
((d_stiff *
A_angle) +
Combined (d_shell *
c_combined 30.6924 mm
centroid A_shell)) /
(A_angle +
A_shell)
I_sum - (A_sum
Combined
*
moment of I_combined 614614.3183 mm^4
(c_combined^2)
inertia
)
Distance
from neutral l_horz -
e1 69.3076 mm
axis to edge c_combined
1 (inside)
Distance
from neutral
e2 l_horz - e1 30.6924 mm
axis to edge
2 (outside)
Combined
stiffener I_combined /
S 8867.9273 mm^3
shell section MAX(e1 , e2)
modulus

Erection Requirement

As per API-650 5.1.5.9, Minimum Size of Top Corner Ring (Size-min) = L50x50x5
Minimum Section Modulus per Erection Requirement (Sx-min) = 3.05 cm^3

Sx >= Sx-min ==> PASS

Roof Design Requirements

A_roof = Compression region required area for self supported cone roof per API-650 5.10.5.2 (mm^2)
Fa = Least allowable tensile stress for the materials in the roof-to-shell joint (MPa)
Max-p = Maximum allowable load for the actual resisting area per API-650 5.10.5.2 (Pa)

Fa = 0.6 * Fy
Fa = 0.6 * 250
Fa = 150.0 MPa

A_roof = (p * (D^2)) / (8 * Fa * TAN(Theta angle))

A_roof = (2325.8711 * (8.506^2)) / (8 * 150.0 * TAN(15.1096))
A_roof = 519.3874 mm^2

A_actual >= A-roof-req ==> Compression region cross sectional area is sufficient.

Max-p = (A_actual / (D^2)) * 8 * Fa * TAN(Theta angle)

Max-p = (1381.2241 / (8.506^2)) * 8 * 150.0 * TAN(15.1096)
Max-p = 6185.2663 Pa

Internal Pressure - Appendix F Requirements

A_actual = Area resisting compressive force (mm^2)

D = Tank nominal diameter (m)
DLR = Nominal weight of roof plates and attached structural (N)
DLS = Nominal weight of shell plates and framing (N)
Fp = Internal Pressure Combination Factor
Fy = Minimum specified yield-strength of the materials in the roof-to-shell junction (MPa)
ID = Tank inside diameter (m)
MDL = Moment About the Shell-to-Bottom Joint from the Nominal Weight of the Shell and Roof Structural Supported by the She
MDLR = Moment About the Shell-to-Bottom Joint from the Nominal Weight of the Roof Plate Plus any Structural Components A
MF = Moment About the Shell-to-Bottom Joint from Liquid Weight (N.m)
Mw = Wind moment (N.m)
Mws = Wind moment (N.m)
P = Design pressure (kPa)
P_uplift = Uplift due to internal pressure per API-650 F.1.2 (N)
Theta angle = Angle between the roof and a horizontal plane at the roof-to-shell junction (deg)
W_add_DL = Additional dead load weight (N)
W_framing = Weight of framing supported by the shell and roof (N)
W_structural = Weight of roof attached structural (N)
Wr = Roof plates weight (N)
Ws = Shell plates weight (N)

A_actual = 1381.2241 mm^2

D = 8.506 m
DLR = 41189.5686 N
DLS = 91037.2419 N
Fp = 0.4
Fy = 250 MPa
ID = 8.5 m
MDL = 386908.278 N.m
MDLR = 175055.6666 N.m
MF = 491686.0418 N.m
Mw = 391745.0123 N.m
Mws = 139279.5455 N.m
P = 0.0 kPa
Theta angle = 15.1096 deg
W_add_DL = 0.0 N
W_framing = 3145.4478 N
W_structural = 0.0 N
Wr = 41189.5686 N
Ws = 87891.7941 N

P_uplift = P * pi * ((ID^2) / 4)
P_uplift = 0.0 * pi * ((8.5^2) / 4)
P_uplift = 0.0 N

Tank design does not have to meet App. F requirements.

P_F51 = Maximum allowable internal pressure for the actual resisting area per API 650 F.5.1 (kPa)
P_max_internal = Maximum allowable internal pressure (kPa)

P_F51 = ((Fy * TAN(Theta angle) * A_actual) / (200 * (D^2))) + ((0.00127 * DLR) / (D^2))
P_F51 = ((250 * TAN(15.1096) * 1381.2241) / (200 * (8.506^2))) + ((0.00127 * 41189.5686) / (8.506^2))
P_F51 = 7.166 kPa

P_max_internal = MIN(P_std , P_F51)

P_max_internal = MIN(18 , 7.166)
P_max_internal = 7.166 kPa
ral Supported by the Shell that is not Attached to the Roof Plate (N.m)
Structural Components Attached to the Roof (N.m)
Shell Design
CG-shell = Shell center of gravity (m)
D = Tank Nominal Diameter per API-650 5.6.1.1 Note 1 (m)
G = Product Design Specific Gravity
Gt = Hydrotest Specific Gravity
H = Shell height (m)
HL = Max Liquid Level (m)
Pe = Design External Pressure (kPa)
Pi = Design Internal Pressure (kPa)
V = Wind velocity (km/hr)
W-shell = Shell Nominal Weight (kg)
W-shell-corr = Shell Corroded Weight (kg)
min-height = Minimum Shell Course Height per API-650 5.6.1.2 (mm)
stiffener_types_list = Stiffener Types List

D = 8.5 m
G = 1.01
Gt = 1.027
H = 7.24 m
HL = 7.24 m
Pe = 0.25 kPa
Pi = 0.0 kPa
V = 162.0 km/hr

API-650 Design Method: One Foot

Course # 1 (bottom course) Design
CA = Corrosion allowance per API-650 5.3.2 (mm)
H = Design Liquid Level per API-650 5.6.3.2 (m)
H' = Effective Design Liquid Level per API-650 F.2 (m)
H-max = Maximum Liquid Level for the Installed Thickness (m)
H-max-@-Pi = Maximum Liquid Level for the Installed Thickness @ Design Internal Pressure (m)
Ht' = Effective Hydrostatic Test Liquid Level per API-650 F.2 (m)
JE = Joint efficiency
Ma = Course Material
Pi-max-@-H = Maximum Allowable Internal Pressure for the Installed Thickness @ Design Liquid Level (kPa)
W-1 = Shell Course Nominal Weight (kg)
W-1-corr = Shell Course Corroded Weight (kg)
h1 = Course Height (m)
loc = Course Location (m)
t = Installed Thickness (mm)
td = Course Design Thickness per API-650 5.6.3.2 (mm)
tt = Course Hydrostatic Test Thickness per API-650 5.6.3.2 (mm)

CA = 2 mm
H = 7.24 m
JE = 1
Ma = A36
h1 = 2.38 m
loc = 0 m
t = 6 mm

A36 Material Properties

Minimum Tensile Strength (Sut) = 400 MPa

Minimum Yield Strength (Sy) = 250 MPa
As per API-650 Table 5-2 a, Allowable Design Stress (Sd) = 160 MPa
As per API-650 Table 5-2 a, Allowable Hydrostatic Test Stress (St) = 171 MPa

Shell Course Center of Gravity (CG-1) = 1.19 m

W-1 = pi * D * t * h1 * d
W-1 = pi * 8.5 * 0.006 * 2.38 * 7840.0
W-1 = 2989.5999 kg

W-1-corr = pi * D * (t - CA) * h1 * d
W-1-corr = pi * 8.5 * (0.006 - 0.002) * 2.38 * 7840.0
W-1-corr = 1993.0666 kg

Erection Requirement

As per API-650 5.6.1.1 NOTE 4, Required Thickness by Erection (t-erec) = 6 mm

Design Condition

H' = H
H' = 7.24
H' = 7.24 m

td = ((4.9 * D * (H' - 0.3) * G) / (JE * Sd)) + CA

td = ((4.9 * 8.5 * (7.24 - 0.3) * 1.01) / (1 * 160)) + 2
td = 3.8246 mm

Hydrostatic Test

Ht' = H
Ht' = 7.24
Ht' = 7.24 m

tt = (4.9 * D * (Ht' - 0.3) * Gt) / (JE * St)

tt = (4.9 * 8.5 * (7.24 - 0.3) * 1.027) / (1 * 171)
tt = 1.736 mm

Course # 2 Design
CA = Corrosion allowance per API-650 5.3.2 (mm)
H = Design Liquid Level per API-650 5.6.3.2 (m)
H' = Effective Design Liquid Level per API-650 F.2 (m)
H-max = Maximum Liquid Level for the Installed Thickness (m)
H-max-@-Pi = Maximum Liquid Level for the Installed Thickness @ Design Internal Pressure (m)
Ht' = Effective Hydrostatic Test Liquid Level per API-650 F.2 (m)
JE = Joint efficiency
Ma = Course Material
Pi-max-@-H = Maximum Allowable Internal Pressure for the Installed Thickness @ Design Liquid Level (kPa)
W-2 = Shell Course Nominal Weight (kg)
W-2-corr = Shell Course Corroded Weight (kg)
h2 = Course Height (m)
loc = Course Location (m)
t = Installed Thickness (mm)
td = Course Design Thickness per API-650 5.6.3.2 (mm)
tt = Course Hydrostatic Test Thickness per API-650 5.6.3.2 (mm)

CA = 2 mm
H = 4.86 m
JE = 1
Ma = A36
h2 = 2.38 m
loc = 2.38 m
t = 6 mm

A36 Material Properties

Minimum Tensile Strength (Sut) = 400 MPa

Minimum Yield Strength (Sy) = 250 MPa
As per API-650 Table 5-2 a, Allowable Design Stress (Sd) = 160 MPa
As per API-650 Table 5-2 a, Allowable Hydrostatic Test Stress (St) = 171 MPa

Shell Course Center of Gravity (CG-2) = 3.57 m

W-2 = pi * D * t * h2 * d
W-2 = pi * 8.5 * 0.006 * 2.38 * 7840.0
W-2 = 2989.5999 kg

W-2-corr = pi * D * (t - CA) * h2 * d
W-2-corr = pi * 8.5 * (0.006 - 0.002) * 2.38 * 7840.0
W-2-corr = 1993.0666 kg

Erection Requirement

As per API-650 5.6.1.1, Required Thickness by Erection (t-erec) = 5 mm

Design Condition

H' = H
H' = 4.86
H' = 4.86 m

td = ((4.9 * D * (H' - 0.3) * G) / (JE * Sd)) + CA

td = ((4.9 * 8.5 * (4.86 - 0.3) * 1.01) / (1 * 160)) + 2
td = 3.1989 mm

Hydrostatic Test

Ht' = H
Ht' = 4.86
Ht' = 4.86 m

tt = (4.9 * D * (Ht' - 0.3) * Gt) / (JE * St)

tt = (4.9 * 8.5 * (4.86 - 0.3) * 1.027) / (1 * 171)
tt = 1.1407 mm

Course # 3 Design
CA = Corrosion allowance per API-650 5.3.2 (mm)
H = Design Liquid Level per API-650 5.6.3.2 (m)
H' = Effective Design Liquid Level per API-650 F.2 (m)
H-max = Maximum Liquid Level for the Installed Thickness (m)
H-max-@-Pi = Maximum Liquid Level for the Installed Thickness @ Design Internal Pressure (m)
Ht' = Effective Hydrostatic Test Liquid Level per API-650 F.2 (m)
JE = Joint efficiency
Ma = Course Material
Pi-max-@-H = Maximum Allowable Internal Pressure for the Installed Thickness @ Design Liquid Level (kPa)
W-3 = Shell Course Nominal Weight (kg)
W-3-corr = Shell Course Corroded Weight (kg)
h3 = Course Height (m)
loc = Course Location (m)
t = Installed Thickness (mm)
td = Course Design Thickness per API-650 5.6.3.2 (mm)
tt = Course Hydrostatic Test Thickness per API-650 5.6.3.2 (mm)

CA = 2 mm
H = 2.48 m
JE = 1
Ma = A36
h3 = 2.38 m
loc = 4.76 m
t = 6 mm

A36 Material Properties

Minimum Tensile Strength (Sut) = 400 MPa

Minimum Yield Strength (Sy) = 250 MPa
As per API-650 Table 5-2 a, Allowable Design Stress (Sd) = 160 MPa
As per API-650 Table 5-2 a, Allowable Hydrostatic Test Stress (St) = 171 MPa

Shell Course Center of Gravity (CG-3) = 5.95 m

W-3 = pi * D * t * h3 * d
W-3 = pi * 8.5 * 0.006 * 2.38 * 7840.0
W-3 = 2989.5999 kg

W-3-corr = pi * D * (t - CA) * h3 * d
W-3-corr = pi * 8.5 * (0.006 - 0.002) * 2.38 * 7840.0
W-3-corr = 1993.0666 kg

Erection Requirement
As per API-650 5.6.1.1, Required Thickness by Erection (t-erec) = 5 mm

Design Condition

H' = H
H' = 2.48
H' = 2.48 m

td = ((4.9 * D * (H' - 0.3) * G) / (JE * Sd)) + CA

td = ((4.9 * 8.5 * (2.48 - 0.3) * 1.01) / (1 * 160)) + 2
td = 2.5732 mm

Hydrostatic Test

Ht' = H
Ht' = 2.48
Ht' = 2.48 m

tt = (4.9 * D * (Ht' - 0.3) * Gt) / (JE * St)

tt = (4.9 * 8.5 * (2.48 - 0.3) * 1.027) / (1 * 171)
tt = 0.5453 mm

Shell Design Summary Results

W-shell-corr = W-1-corr + W-2-corr + W-3-corr

W-shell-corr = 1993.0666 + 1993.0666 + 1993.0666
W-shell-corr = 5979.1998 kg

W-shell = W-1 + W-2 + W-3

W-shell = 2989.5999 + 2989.5999 + 2989.5999
W-shell = 8968.7997 kg

CG-shell = ((CG-1 * W-1) + (CG-2 * W-2) + (CG-3 * W-3)) / W-shell

CG-shell = ((1.19 * 2989.5999) + (3.57 * 2989.5999) + (5.95 * 2989.5999)) / 8968.7997
CG-shell = 3.57 m

Course # Width (m) Material CA (mm) Sd (MPa) St (MPa) H' (m)

3 2.38 A36 2 160 171 2.48
2 2.38 A36 2 160 171 4.86
1 2.38 A36 2 160 171 7.24

(continued)
Design td Hydrotest tt t-actual
Course # Ht' (m) t-erec (mm) t-req (mm)
(mm) (mm) (mm)
3 2.48 5 2.5732 0.5453 5 6
2 4.86 5 3.1989 1.1407 5 6
1 7.24 6 3.8246 1.736 6 6
Intermediate Stiffeners Design
D = Nominal Tank Diameter (m)
H-top-girder = Top Wind Girder Elevation (m)
H1 = Intermediate Wind Girder Maximum Unstiffened Shell Height per API 650 Section 5.9.7.1 (m)
N = Actual Wind Girders Quantity
Ns = Intermediate Wind Girder Quantity per API 650 Section 5.9.7.3 and 5.9.7.4
V = Wind velocity (km/hr)
ts_min = Thickness of the thinnest shell course

D = 8.5 m
H-top-girder = nil
N=0
V = 162.0 km/hr

ts_min = MIN(ts_1 , ts_2 , ts_3)

ts_min = MIN(6 , 6 , 6)
ts_min = 6

Transformed shell height

Wtr = Height of Transformed Shell (mm)

Wtr_1 = Shell Course 1 Transposed Width per API 650 Section 5.9.7.2 (mm)
Wtr_2 = Shell Course 2 Transposed Width per API 650 Section 5.9.7.2 (mm)
Wtr_3 = Shell Course 3 Transposed Width per API 650 Section 5.9.7.2 (mm)

Wtr_1 = W * SQRT(((ts_min / t_actual)^5))

Wtr_1 = 2380.0 * SQRT(((6 / 6)^5))
Wtr_1 = 2380.0 mm

Wtr_2 = W * SQRT(((ts_min / t_actual)^5))

Wtr_2 = 2380.0 * SQRT(((6 / 6)^5))
Wtr_2 = 2380.0 mm

Wtr_3 = W * SQRT(((ts_min / t_actual)^5))

Wtr_3 = 2380.0 * SQRT(((6 / 6)^5))
Wtr_3 = 2380.0 mm

Wtr = Wtr_1 + Wtr_2 + Wtr_3

Wtr = 2380.0 + 2380.0 + 2380.0
Wtr = 7140.0 mm

Stiffening Requirements
H1 = 9.47 * ts_min * SQRT(((ts_min / D)^3)) * ((190 / V)^2)
H1 = 9.47 * 6 * SQRT(((6 / 8.5)^3)) * ((190 / 162.0)^2)
H1 = 46.3529 m

Ns = CEILING(((Wtr / H1) - 1))

Ns = CEILING(((7.14 / 46.3529) - 1))
Ns = 0

Ns <= 0 ==> No stiffening is required

N >= Ns ==> PASS

Flat Bottom: non Annular Plate Design
Ba = Area of bottom (cm^2)
Bottom-OD = Bottom diameter (m)
c = Factor
ca-1 = Bottom (1st) shell course corrosion allowance (mm)
Ca-bottom = Bottom corrosion allowance (mm)
D-bottom = Density of bottom (kg/mm3)
G = Design specific gravity of the liquid to be stored
H = Max liquid level (m)
H' = Effective liquid head at design pressure (m)
JE = Bottom joint efficiency
S = Maximum Stress in first shell course per API 650 Table 5.1.a
S1 = Product stress in the first shell course per API 650 Table 5.1.a
S2 = Hydrostatic test stress in the first shell course per API 650 Table 5.1.a
t-1 = Bottom (1st) shell course thickness (mm)
t-actual = Actual bottom thickness (mm)
t-calc = Minimum nominal bottom plates thickness per API-650 5.4.1 (mm)
t-min = Minimum nominal bottom plates thickness per API-650 5.4.1 (mm)
t-test-1 = Bottom (1st) shell course test thickness (mm)
t-vac = Vacuum calculations per ASME section VIII Div. 1 (mm)
td-1 = Bottom (1st) shell course design thickness (mm)

Material = A36
t-actual = 8 mm

t-min = 6.0 + Ca-bottom

t-min = 6.0 + 2
t-min = 8 mm

t-calc = t-min
t-calc = 8 mm

Calculation of Hydrostatic Test Stress & Product Stress (per API-650 Section 5.5.1)

Bottom-OD = 8.61 m
JE = 1
D-bottom = 0.00000784 kg/mm3
t-1 = 6 mm
ca-1 = 2 mm
G = 1.01
H = 7.24 m
H' = 7.24 m
St = 171 MPa
Sd = 160 MPa
Ca-bottom = 2 mm

Product stress in first shell course

S1 = ((td-1 - ca-1) / (t-1 - ca-1)) * Sd

S1 = ((3.82 - 2) / (6 - 2)) * 160
S1 = 72.98 MPa

Hydrostatic test stress in first shell course

S2 = (t-test-1 / t-1) * St
S2 = (1.74 / 6) * 171
S2 = 49.47 MPa

S = Max (S1, S2)

S = Max (72.98 , 49.47)
S = 72.98 MPa

ABS(E-p) < P-btm Then there is no uplift

Net Uplift due to Internal Pressure

Net-Uplift = 0 N, (See roof report for calculations)

Wind Moment (Per API-650 Section 5.11)
A = Area resisting the compressive force, as illustrated in Figure F.2
P-F41 = Design pressure determined in F.4.1
P-v = Internal pressure

Wind Velocity per API-650 ASCE 7-05

V_entered = 45 m/s = 162 kph

I=1
Vs (Wind Velocity) = SQRT(I) * V_entered = 162 kph

Vf = (Vs / 190)^2
Vf = (162 / 190)^2
Vf (Velocity Factor) = 0.73

PWS = 0.86 * Vf
PWS = 0.62 kPa

PWR = 1.44 * Vf
PWR = 1.04 kPa

API-650 5.2.1.k Uplift Check

P-F41 = (A * Fy * TAN(Theta))/(200 * D^2) + (0.00127 * DLR)/D^2

P-F41 = (1381 * 250 * TAN(15.1))/(200 * 8.5^2) + ((0.00127 * 41190) / 8.5^2)
P-F41 = 7.18 kPa

Wind-Uplift = MIN(PWR , (1.6 * P-F41 - Pv))

Wind-Uplift = MIN(1.04 , 11.48)
Wind-Uplift = 1.05 kPa

Ap-Vert (Vertical Projected Area of Roof) = 4.88 m^2

Horizontal Projected Area of Roof (Per API-650 5.2.1.f)

Xw (Moment Arm of UPLIFT wind force on roof) = 4.25 m

Ap (Projected Area of roof for wind moment) = 56.75 m^2

M-roof (Moment Due to Wind Force on Roof) = Wind-Uplift * Ap * Xw

M-roof = (1,046.85 * 56.75 * 4.25)
M-roof = 252,465 N-m

Xs (Height from bottom to the Shell's center of gravity) = Shell Height/2

Xs = (7.24/2)
Xs = 3.62 m

As (Projected Area of Shell) = Shell Height * (D + 2 * t-ins)

As = 7.24 * (8.5 + 2 * 0)
As = 61.54 m^2

M-Shell (Moment Due to Wind Force on Shell) = (PWS * As * (Shell Height / 2))
M-Shell = (0.62 * 61.54 * (7.24 / 2))
M-Shell = 139,280 N-m

Mw (Wind moment) = M-roof + M-shell

Mw = 252,465 + 139,280
Mw = 391,745.01 N-m

RESISTANCE TO OVERTURNING (per API-650 5.11.2)

DLR = Nominal weight of roof plate plus weight of roof plates overlap plus any attached structural.
DLS = Nominal weight of the shell and any framing (but not roof plates) support by the shell and roof.
F-friction = Maximum of 40% of weight of tank
MDL = Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from the nominal weight of the shell
MDLR = Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from the nominal weight of the roof plate plus any attached structural.
MF = Stabilizing moment due to bottom plate and liquid weight
MPi = Destabilizing moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from design pressure
Mw = Destabilizing wind moment
tb = Bottom plate required thickness less C.A. (shall not exceed bottom shell course thickness less C.A.)
wl = Circumferential loading of contents along shell-to-bottom joint

An unanchored tank must meet these three criteria:

Mw = 391,745 m-N

DLS = Weight of Shell + Weight of Attached Framing

DLS = 87,891.79 + 3,145.44
DLS = 91,037.24 N

DLR = 41,189.56 N

MPi = P * (Pi * D^2 / 4) * (D / 2)

MPi = 0 * (3.14 * 8.5^2 / 4) * (8.5 / 2)
MPi = 0 m-N

MDL = DLS * (D/2)

MDL = 91,037.24 * 8.5/2
MDL = 386,908 N-m
MDLR = DLR * (D/2)
MDLR = 41,189.56 * 8.5/2
MDLR = 175,056 N-m

tb = 4 mm

wl = (min [70 * tb * SQRT(fy-btm * MIN(G , 0.7) * H-liq)] [70.4 * H-liq * D])

wl = (min [70 * 4 * SQRT(250 * MIN(1.01 , 0.7) * 7.24)] [70.4 * 7.24 * 8.5])
wl = 4,332.41 N/m

MF = (D/2) * wl * Pi * D
MF = 4.25 * 4,332.41 * 3.14 * 8.5
MF = 491,686 m-N

Criteria 1

0.6 * Mw + MPi < MDL / 1.5 + MDLR

0.6 * 391,745 + 0 < 386,908 / 1.5 + 175,056
Since 235,047 < 432,995 Tank is stable

Criteria 2

Mw + Fp * MPi < (MDL + MF) / 2 + MDLR

391,745 + 0.4 * 0 < (386,908 + 491,686) / 2 + 175,056
Since 391,745 < 614,353 Tank is stable

Criteria 3

M-shell + Fp * Mpi < MDL /1.5 + MDLR

139,279.54 + 0.4 * 0 < 386,908 / 1.5 + 175,056
Since 139,280 < 432,995 Tank is stable

RESISTANCE TO SLIDING (per API-650 5.11.4)

F-wind = Vf * 0.8342 * As
F-wind = 726.98 * 0.8342 * 61.54
F-wind = 37,321 N

F-friction = 0.4 * [(W-roof-corroded * g) + (W-shell-corroded * g) + (W-btm-corroded * g) + (W-roof-struct * g)]

F-friction = 0.4 * [(3,266.8 * 9.8) + (5,976.39 * 9.8) + (2,740.09 * 9.8) + (0 * 9.8)]
F-friction = 47,006 N

F-friction > F-wind Tank is stable

Anchorage Requirement

Tank does not require anchorage

any attached structural.
oof-struct * g)]
Seismic Design
Site Ground Motion Calculations

Ac = Convective Design Response Spectrum Acceleration Coefficient per API 650 Sections E.4.6.1
Ac-min = Adjusted Convective Design Response Spectrum Acceleration Coefficient
Af = Acceleration Coefficient for Sloshing Wave Height per API 650 Sections E.7.2
Ai = per API 650 Sections E.4.6.1
Ai = Impulsive Design Response Spectrum Acceleration Coefficient per API 650 Sections E.4.6.1
Anchorage_System = Anchorage System
Av = Vertical Ground Acceleration Coefficient per API 650 Section E.6.1.3 and E.2.2
D = Nominal Tank Diameter (m)
Fa = Site Acceleration Coefficient
Fv = Site Velocity Coefficient
H = Maximum Design Product Level (m)
I = Importance Factor
K = Spectral Acceleration Adjustment Coefficient
Ks = Sloshing Coefficient per API 650 Section E.4.5.2
Q = MCE to Design Level Scale Factor
Rwc = Convective Force Reduction Factor
Rwi = Impulsive Force Reduction Factor
S1 = Spectral Response Acceleration at a Period of One Second
SD1 = Design Spectral Response Acceleration at a Period of One Second per API 650 Sections E.4.6.1 and E.2.2
SDS = Design Spectral Response Acceleration at Short Period per API 650 Sections E.4.6.1 and E.2.2
Seismic_Site_Class = Seismic Site Class
Seismic_Use_Group = Seismic Use Group
Ss = Spectral Response Acceleration Short Period
TL = Regional Dependent Transistion Period for Longer Period Ground Motion (sec)
Tc = Convective Natural Period per API 650 Section E.4.5.2 (sec)

Anchorage_System = mechanically anchored

D = 8.5 m
Fa = 1.0
Fv = 1.5
H = 7.24 m
I = 1.25
K = 1.5
Q = 0.6667
Rwc = 2
Rwi = 4
S1 = 0.667
Seismic_Site_Class = seismic site class d
Seismic_Use_Group = seismic use group ii
Ss = 2.64
TL = 4 sec

SDS = Q * Fa * Ss
SDS = 0.6667 * 1.0 * 2.64
SDS = 1.76

SD1 = Q * Fv * S1
SD1 = 0.6667 * 1.5 * 0.667
SD1 = 0.667

Ks = 0.578 / SQRT(TANH(((3.68 * H) / D)))

Ks = 0.578 / SQRT(TANH(((3.68 * 7.24) / 8.5)))
Ks = 0.5791

Tc = 1.8 * Ks * SQRT(D)
Tc = 1.8 * 0.5791 * SQRT(8.5)
Tc = 3.039 sec

Ai = SDS * (I / Rwi)
Ai = 1.76 * (1.25 / 4)
Ai = 0.55

Ai = MAX(Ai , ((0.5 * S1) * (I / Rwi)))

Ai = MAX(0.55 , ((0.5 * 0.667) * (1.25 / 4)))
Ai = 0.55

Tc <= TL

Ac = K * SD1 * (1 / Tc) * (I / Rwc)

Ac = 1.5 * 0.667 * (1 / 3.039) * (1.25 / 2)
Ac = 0.2058

Ac-min = MIN(Ac , Ai)

Ac-min = MIN(0.2058 , 0.55)
Ac-min = 0.2058

Av = (2 / 3) * 0.7 * SDS
Av = (2 / 3) * 0.7 * 1.76
Av = 0.8213

Vertical Ground Acceleration Coefficient Specified by user (Av) = 0.8213

Af = K * SD1 * I * (1 / Tc)
Af = 1.5 * 0.667 * 1.25 * (1 / 3.039)
Af = 0.4115
Design

Ac = Convective Design Response Spectrum Acceleration Coefficient

Af = Acceleration Coefficient for Sloshing Wave Height
Ai = Impulsive Design Response Spectrum Acceleration Coefficient
Anchor_Nominal_Root_Area = Anchor Nominal Root Area (mm^2)
Anchorage_System = Anchorage System
Av = Vertical Ground Acceleration Coefficient
D = Nominal Tank Diameter (m)
DELTAs = Sloshing Wave Height Above Product Design Height per API 650 Section E.7.2 (m)
Event_Type = Event Type
Fa = Site Acceleration Coefficient
Fc = Allowable Longitudinal Shell Compression Stress per API 650 Section E.6.2.2.3 (MPa)
Fv = Site Velocity Coefficient
Fy = Yield Strength (MPa)
G = Specific Gravity
Ge = Effective Specific Gravity per API 650 Section E.2.2
H = Maximum Design Product Level (m)
H_shell = Shell height (m)
Hrcg = Top of Shell to Roof and roof appurtenances Center of Gravity (m)
I = Importance Factor
J = Anchorage Ratio per API 650 Section E.6.2.1.1.1
K = Spectral Acceleration Adjustment Coefficient
Ks = Sloshing Coefficient
MU = Friction Coefficient
Min_Anchor_Quantity = Minimum Anchor Quantity
Min_Anchor_Spacing = Minimum Anchor Spacing (m)
Min_Req_Anchor_Quantity = Required Minimum Anchor Quantity per API 650 Section E.7.1.2
Mrw = Ringwall Overturning Moment per API 650 Section E.6.1.5 (N.m)
Ms = Slab Overturning Moment per API 650 Section E.6.1.5 (N.m)
Overturn_Stability_Ratio = Overturning Stability Ratio per API 650 Section E.6.2.3
P = Design Pressure (MPa)
Pab = Mechanically Anchored Seismic Load per API 650 Section E.6.2.1.2 (N)
Q = MCE to Design Level Scale Factor
S1 = Spectral Response Acceleration at a Period of One Second
SD1 = Design Spectral Response Acceleration at a Period of 1 Second
SDS = Design Spectral Response Acceleration at Short Period
Sc = Self Anchored Maximum Longitudinal Shell Compression Stress per API 650 Section E.6.2.2.1 (MPa)
Sc = Mechanically Anchored Maximum Longitudinal Shell Compression Stress per API 650 Section E.6.2.2.1 (MPa)
Seismic_Site_Class = Seismic Site Class
Seismic_Use_Group = Seismic Use Group
Ss = Spectral Response Acceleration Short Period
TL = Regional Dependent Transistion Period for Longer Period Ground Motion (sec)
Tc = Convective Natural Period (sec)
V = Total Design Base Shear per API 650 Section E.6.1 (N)
Vc = Design Base Shear for Convective Component per API 650 Section E.6.1 (N)
Vi = Design Base Shear for Impulsive Component per API 650 Section E.6.1 (N)
Vmax = Local Shear Transfer per API 650 Section E.7.7 (N/m)
Vs = Self Anchored Sliding Resistance Maximum Allowable Base Shear per API 650 Section E.7.6 (N)
WT = Total Weight Shell, Roof, Knuckles, Product, Bottom, Attachments, Appurtenances, Participating Snow Load (N)
Wc = Convective Effective Weight per API 650 Section E.6.1.1 (N)
Weff = Total Effective Weight per API 650 Section E.6.1.1 (N)
Wf = Tank Bottom Total Weight (N)
Wfd = Tank Foundation Weight (N)
Wg = Soil Weight (N)
Wi = Impulsive Effective Weight per API 650 Section E.6.1.1 (N)
Wnr = Effective Tank Roof Insulation Weight (N)
Wns = Effective Tank Shell Insulation Weight (N)
Wp = Tank Contents Total Weight (N)
Wr = Tank Fixed Roof Total Weight (N)
Wrs = Tank Roof weight acting on tank shell (N)
Ws = Tank Shell Total Weight (N)
Xc = Height from tank shell bottom to the center of action of convective lateral force for computing ringwall overturning moment
Xcs = Height from tank shell bottom to the center of action of convective lateral force for computing slab overturning moment pe
Xi = Height from tank shell bottom to the center of action of impulsive lateral force for computing ringwall overturning moment p
Xis = Height from tank shell bottom to the center of action of impulsive lateral force for computing slab overturning moment per
Xnr = Center of Action Bottom of Tank to Roof Insulation Center of Gravity Height (m)
Xns = Center of Action Bottom of Tank to Shell Insulation Center of Gravity Height (m)
Xr = Height from tank shell bottom to the center of gravity of roof and roof appurtenances per API 650 Section E.6.1.2 (m)
Xs = Height from tank shell bottom to shell's center of gravity (m)
ca1 = Bottom Shell Course Corrosion Allowance (mm)
ca_bottom = Bottom Corrosion Allowance (mm)
hs = Additional Shell Height Required Above Sloshing Height (mm)
nA = Anchors Quantity
site_ground_motion_input_mode = Site Ground Motion Input Mode
t_bottom = Bottom Plate Thickness (mm)
tb = Calculated Annular Ring Thickness Holddown (mm)
ts1 = Bottom Shell Course Thickness (mm)
wa = Self Anchored Force Resisting Uplift per API 650 Section E.6.2.1.1 (N/m)
wa = (N/m)
wa_max = Self Anchored Force Resisting Uplift Max Limit per API 650 Section E.6.2.1.1 (N/m)
wab = Mechanically Anchored Minimum Resistance per API 650 Section E.6.2.1.2 (N/m)
wint = Calculated Design Uplift Due to Product Pressure (N/m)
wrs = Specified Tank Roof Load Acting on Tank Shell (N/m)
wt = Tank and Roof Weight Acting at base of Shell per API 650 Section E.6.2.1.1.1 (N/m)

Ac = 0.2058
Af = 0.4115
Ai = 0.55
Anchor_Nominal_Root_Area = 1045.1503 mm^2
Anchorage_System = mechanically anchored
Av = 0.8213
D = 8.5 m
Event_Type = maximum considered earthquake mce
Fa = 1.0
Fv = 1.5
Fy = 250 MPa
G = 1.01
H = 7.24 m
H_shell = 7.24 m
Hrcg = 0.3849 m
I = 1.25
K = 1.5
Ks = 0.5791
MU = 0.4
Min_Anchor_Quantity = 9
Min_Anchor_Spacing = 3.0 m
P = 0.0 MPa
Q = 0.6667
S1 = 0.667
SD1 = 0.667
SDS = 1.76
Seismic_Site_Class = seismic site class d
Seismic_Use_Group = seismic use group ii
Ss = 2.64
TL = 4 sec
Tc = 3.039 sec
WT = 173719.0351 N
Wf = 35828.1719 N
Wfd = 0 N
Wg = 0 N
Wnr = 0.0 N
Wns = 0.0 N
Wp = 4.0691909643E6 N
Wr = 41189.5686 N
Wrs = 41189.5686 N
Ws = 91037.2419 N
Xnr = 7.6249 m
Xns = 3.62 m
Xs = 3.57 m
ca1 = 2 mm
ca_bottom = 2 mm
hs = 0 mm
nA = 12
site_ground_motion_input_mode = asce7 mapped ss and s1
t_bottom = 8 mm
tb = 10 mm
ts1 = 6 mm

Effective Weight of Product

Wi = (1.0 - (0.218 * (D / H))) * Wp

Wi = (1.0 - (0.218 * (8.5 / 7.24))) * 4.0691909643E6
Wi = 3.0277253763E6 N

Wc = 0.23 * (D / H) * TANH(((3.67 * H) / D)) * Wp

Wc = 0.23 * (8.5 / 7.24) * TANH(((3.67 * 7.24) / 8.5)) * 4.0691909643E6
Wc = 1.0945680452E6 N

Weff = Wi + Wc
Weff = 3.0277253763E6 + 1.0945680452E6
Weff = 4.1222934216E6 N

Design Loads

Vi = Ai * (Ws + Wr + Wf + Wi)
Vi = 0.55 * (91037.2419 + 41189.5686 + 35828.1719 + 3.0277253763E6)
Vi = 1.7576791973E6 N

Vc = Ac * Wc
Vc = 0.2058 * 1.0945680452E6
Vc = 225262.1037 N

V = SQRT(((Vi^2) + (Vc^2)))
V = SQRT(((1.7576791973E6^2) + (225262.1037^2)))
V = 1.7720550714E6 N

Center of Action for Effective Lateral Forces

Xr = H_shell + Hrcg
Xr = 7.24 + 0.3849
Xr = 7.6249 m

Xi = (0.5 - (0.094 * (D / H))) * H

Xi = (0.5 - (0.094 * (8.5 / 7.24))) * 7.24
Xi = 2.821 m

Xc = (1.0 - ((COSH(((3.67 * H) / D)) - 1) / (((3.67 * H) / D) * SINH(((3.67 * H) / D))))) * H

Xc = (1.0 - ((COSH(((3.67 * 7.24) / 8.5)) - 1) / (((3.67 * 7.24) / 8.5) * SINH(((3.67 * 7.24) / 8.5))))) * 7.24
Xc = 5.1187 m

Xis = (0.5 + (0.06 * (D / H))) * H

Xis = (0.5 + (0.06 * (8.5 / 7.24))) * 7.24
Xis = 4.13 m

Xcs = (1.0 - ((COSH(((3.67 * H) / D)) - 1.937) / (((3.67 * H) / D) * SINH(((3.67 * H) / D))))) * H

Xcs = (1.0 - ((COSH(((3.67 * 7.24) / 8.5)) - 1.937) / (((3.67 * 7.24) / 8.5) * SINH(((3.67 * 7.24) / 8.5))))) * 7.24
Xcs = 5.3096 m

Overturning Moment

Mrw = SQRT((((Ai * ((Wi * Xi) + (Ws * Xs) + (Wr * Xr)))^2) + ((Ac * (Wc * Xc))^2)))
Mrw = SQRT((((0.55 * ((3.0277253763E6 * 2.821) + (91037.2419 * 3.57) + (41189.5686 * 7.6249)))^2) + ((0.2058 * (1.0945680
Mrw = 5.1791407284E6 N.m

Ms = SQRT((((Ai * ((Wi * Xis) + (Ws * Xs) + (Wr * Xr)))^2) + ((Ac * (Wc * Xcs))^2)))
Ms = SQRT((((0.55 * ((3.0277253763E6 * 4.13) + (91037.2419 * 3.57) + (41189.5686 * 7.6249)))^2) + ((0.2058 * (1.094568045
Ms = 7.3272431888E6 N.m

Resistance to Design Loads

Ge = G * (1 - (0.4 * Av))
Ge = 1.01 * (1 - (0.4 * 0.8213))
Ge = 0.6782

wrs = Wrs / (pi * D)

wrs = 41189.5686 / (pi * 8.5)
wrs = 1542.4761 N/m

wt = (Ws / (pi * D)) + wrs

wt = (91037.2419 / (pi * 8.5)) + 1542.4761
wt = 4951.6589 N/m

wint = P * 1000000 * ((pi * ((D^2) / 4)) / (pi * D))

wint = 0.0 * 1000000 * ((pi * ((8.5^2) / 4)) / (pi * 8.5))
wint = 0.0 N/m

Bottom Annular Plates Requirements

wa_max = 201.1 * H * D * Ge
wa_max = 201.1 * 7.24 * 8.5 * 0.6782
wa_max = 8393.1313 N/m

wa = 99 * tb * SQRT((Fy * H * Ge))
wa = 99 * 6 * SQRT((250 * 7.24 * 0.6782))
wa = 20811.4797 N/m

wa > wa_max

wa = wa_max
wa = 8393.1313
wa = 8393.1313 N/m

Tank Stability

J = Mrw / ((D^2) * (((wt * (1 - (0.4 * Av))) + wa) - (0.4 * wint)))

J = 5.1791407284E6 / ((8.5^2) * (((4951.6589 * (1 - (0.4 * 0.8213))) + 8393.1313) - (0.4 * 0.0)))
J = 6.1174

J > 1.54 ==> Tank is not stable, anchoring is required

Sc = ((((wt * (1 + (0.4 * Av))) + wa) / (0.607 - (0.18667 * (J^2.3)))) - wa) * (1 / (1000 * ts1_c))
Sc = ((((4951.6589 * (1 + (0.4 * 0.8213))) + 8393.1313) / (0.607 - (0.18667 * (6.1174^2.3)))) - 8393.1313) * (1 / (1000 * 4))
Sc = -2.426 MPa

Fc = (83 * (ts1_c / (2.5 * D))) + (7.5 * SQRT((G * H)))

Fc = (83 * (4 / (2.5 * 8.5))) + (7.5 * SQRT((1.01 * 7.24)))
Fc = 35.9046 MPa

Sc < Fc

NOT(((J <= 1.54) AND (V <= Vs))) ==> Tank is not stable, anchoring is required

Min_Req_Anchor_Quantity = MAX(Min_Anchor_Quantity , CEILING(((pi * D) / Min_Anchor_Spacing)))

Min_Req_Anchor_Quantity = MAX(9 , CEILING(((pi * 8.5) / 3.0)))
Min_Req_Anchor_Quantity = 9

wab = ((1.273 * Mrw) / (D^2)) - (wt * (1 - (0.4 * Av)))

wab = ((1.273 * 5.1791407284E6) / (8.5^2)) - (4951.6589 * (1 - (0.4 * 0.8213)))
wab = 87928.2939 N/m

Pab = (wab + wint) * ((pi * D) / nA)

Pab = (87928.2939 + 0.0) * ((pi * 8.5) / 12)
Pab = 195666.3749 N

Sc = ((wt * (1 + (0.4 * Av))) + ((1.273 * Mrw) / (D^2))) * (1 / (1000 * ts1_c))

Sc = ((4951.6589 * (1 + (0.4 * 0.8213))) + ((1.273 * 5.1791407284E6) / (8.5^2))) * (1 / (1000 * 4))
Sc = 24.4579 MPa
Sc < Fc

Overturn_Stability_Ratio = (0.5 * D * (Wp + Wf + WT + Wfd + Wg)) / Ms

Overturn_Stability_Ratio = (0.5 * 8.5 * (4.0691909643E6 + 35828.1719 + 173719.0351 + 0 + 0)) / 7.3272431888E6
Overturn_Stability_Ratio = 2.4818

Overturn_Stability_Ratio >= 2.0

Freeboard

DELTAs = 0.42 * D * Af
DELTAs = 0.42 * 8.5 * 0.4115
DELTAs = 1.4691 m

Seventy_Percent_DELTAs = Seventy Percent DELTAs (m)

(SDS >= One_Third_g) AND (Seismic_Use_Group = :seismic-use-group-ii)

[Required]

Seventy_Percent_DELTAs = 0.7 * DELTAs

Seventy_Percent_DELTAs = 0.7 * 1.4691
Seventy_Percent_DELTAs = 1.0283 m

Sliding Resistance

Vs = MU * (Ws + Wr + Wf + Wp) * (1.0 - (0.4 * Av))

Vs = 0.4 * (91037.2419 + 41189.5686 + 35828.1719 + 4.0691909643E6) * (1.0 - (0.4 * 0.8213))
Vs = 1.1380903633E6 N

V > Vs

Local Shear Transfer

Vmax = (2 * V) / (pi * D)
Vmax = (2 * 1.7720550714E6) / (pi * 8.5)
Vmax = 132720.6231 N/m
ns E.4.6.1 and E.2.2
 .2.2.1 (MPa)
ection E.6.2.2.1 (MPa)
cipating Snow Load (N)

ting ringwall overturning moment per API 650 Section E.6.1.2.1 (m)
uting slab overturning moment per API 650 Section E.6.1.2.2 (m)
ng ringwall overturning moment per API 650 Section E.6.1.2.1 (m)
ing slab overturning moment per API 650 Section E.6.1.2.2 (m)

API 650 Section E.6.1.2 (m)

 8.5))))) * 7.24

249)))^2) + ((0.2058 * (1.0945680452E6 * 5.1187))^2)))

9)))^2) + ((0.2058 * (1.0945680452E6 * 5.3096))^2)))

8393.1313) * (1 / (1000 * 4))
0)) / 7.3272431888E6
Anchor Bolt Design Back
Bolt Material : A36
Sy = 250 MPa

UPLIFT LOAD CASES, PER API-650 TABLE 5-21a

A-s-r = Bolt Root Area Req'd

A-r = Bolt Actual Root Area
bt = Uplift load per bolt
d = Bolt Diameter
D = Tank D (m)
d-req'd = Bolt Required Diameter
Fp = Pressure Combination Factor
Fty = Minimum Yield Strength of the bottom shell course (MPa) Table 5.21a
Fy = Minimum Yield Strength of the anchor bolt (MPa) Table 5.21a
Mrw = Seismic Ringwall Moment (Nm)
N = Anchor bolt quantity
P = Design internal pressure (KPa)
Pf = Failure pressure per F.7 (KPa)
Pt = Test pressure per F.8.3 = 1.25 * P = 0 (KPa)
sd = Allowable Anchor Bolt Stress (MPa)
Shell-sd-at-anchor = Allowable Shell Stress at Anchor Attachment (MPa)
t-actual = Actual Roof plate thickness (mm)
t-h = Roof plate thickness less CA (mm)
Vf = Velocity factor (kph)
W1 = The corroded weight of the roof plates plus the corroded weight of the shell and any other corroded permanent attachmen
W2 = The corroded weight of the shell and any corroded permanent attachments acting on the shell including the portion of the
W3 = The nominal weight of the roof plates plus the nominal weight of the shell and any other permanent attachments acting on

Fty = 250 MPa

Fy = Min(Sy , 380)
Fy = Min(250 , 380)
Fy = 250 MPa
W1 = W-shell-corroded + Shell Insulation + W-roof-corroded
W1 = 58,608.32 + 0 + 32,036.33
W1 = 90,644.65 N

W2 = W-shell-corroded + Shell Insulation + Corroded Roof Plates Supported by Shell + Roof Dead Load Supported by Shell
W2 = 58,608.32 + 0 + 32,036.33 + 0
W2 = 90,644.65 N

W3 = New Shell + Shell Insulation + New Roof

W3 = 87,891.79 + 0 + 41,189.56
W3 = 129,081.36 N

Uplift Case 1: Design Pressure Only

U = [P * D^2 * 785] - W1
U = [0 * 8.5^2 * 785] - 90,644.65
U = -90,644.657250003 N

bt = U/N
bt = -7,553.72143750025 N

sd = 104.16 MPa
Shell-sd-at-anchor = 166.66 MPa

A-s-r = N.A., since Load per Bolt is zero

Uplift Case 2: Test Pressure Only

U = [Pt * D^2 * 785] - W3

U = [0 * 8.5^2 * 785] - 129,081.36
U = -129,081.3627419371 N

bt = U/N
bt = -10,756.78022849476 N

sd = 138.88 MPa
Shell-sd-at-anchor = 208.33 MPa

A-s-r = N.A., since Load per Bolt is zero

Uplift Case 3: Wind Load Only

PWR = Wind-Uplift per API 650 Table 5-21a, 5-21b

PWS = Wind-Pressure per API 650 Table 5-21a, 5-21b
PWR = 1.05 KPa
PWS = 625.2 N/m^2
MWS = PWS * D * (H^2 / 2) per API 650 Table 5-21a, 5-21b
MWS = 625.2 * 8.5 * (7.24^2 / 2)
MWS = 139,279.54 Nm

U = PWR * D^2 * 785 + (4 * MWS / D) - W2

U = 1.05 * 8.5^2 * 785 + (4 * 139,279.54 / 8.5) - 90,644.65
U = 34,272.18 N
bt = U/N
bt = 2,856.01 N

sd = 200 MPa
Shell-sd-at-anchor = 208.33 MPa

A-s-r = bt / sd
A-s-r = 2,856.01 / 200
A-s-r = 14.28 mm^2

Uplift Case 4: Seismic Load Only

U = [4 * Mrw / D] - W2 * (1 - 0.4 * Av)

U = [4 * 5,181,581 / 8.5] - 90,644.65 * (1 - 0.4 * 0.82)
U = 2,377,525.19 N

bt = U/N
bt = 198,127.09 N

sd = 200 MPa
Shell-sd-at-anchor = 208.33 MPa

A-s-r = bt / sd
A-s-r = 198,127.09 / 200
A-s-r = 990.63 mm^2

Uplift Case 5: Design Pressure + Wind Load

U = [Fp * (P + PWR) * D^2 * 785] + [4 * MWS / D] - W1

U = [0.4 * (0 + 1.05) * 8.5^2 * 785] + [4 * 139,279.54 / 8.5] - 90,644.65
U = -1,351.9320697260118 N

bt = U/N
bt = -112.66100581050098 N

sd = 138.88 MPa
Shell-sd-at-anchor = 208.33 MPa

A-s-r = N.A., since Load per Bolt is zero

Uplift Case 6: Design Pressure + Seismic Load

U = [Fp * P * D^2 * 785] + [4 * Mrw / D] - W1 * (1 - 0.4 * Av)

U = [0.4 * 0 * 8.5^2 * 785] + [4 * 5,181,581 / 8.5] - 90,644.65 * (1 - 0.4 * 0.82)
U = 2,377,525.19 N
bt = U/N
bt = 198,127.09 N

sd = 200 MPa
Shell-sd-at-anchor = 208.33 MPa

A-s-r = bt / sd
A-s-r = 198,127.09 / 200
A-s-r = 990.63 mm^2

Uplift Case 7: Frangibility Pressure

Not applicable since if there is a knuckle on tank roof, or tank roof is not frangible.
Pf (failure pressure per F.6) = N.A.

Bolt Required Diameter per ANSI B1.1 (Exclusive of Corrosion)

d-req'd = MAX (SQRT(A-s-r /.7854) + 1.22687/n , 25)

d-req'd = MAX (SQRT(990.63 /.7854) + 1.22687 / 0.22 , 25)
d-req'd = MAX (41.03 , 25)
d-req'd = 41.03 mm

A-r = 0.7854 * (d - 1.22687 / n)^2

A-r = 0.7854 * (42 - 1.22687 / 0.22)^2
A-r = 1045.15 mm^2

ANCHOR BOLT SUMMARY

Bolt Root Area Req'd = 990.63 mm^2

Bolt Diameter Req'd = 41.03 mm (Exclusive of Corrosion)
Bolt Diameter (d) = 42 mm (M42)
Threads per millimeter (n) = 0.22
Bolt Root Area = 1045.15 mm^2

ANCHORAGE REQUIREMENTS

Minimum # Anchor Bolts = 9 per API-650 5.12.3

Actual # Anchor Bolts = 12
Bolt Hole Circle Radius = 4.35 m

Anchorage Meets Spacing Requirements

er corroded permanent attachments acting on the shell (N)
e shell including the portion of the roof plates and framing acting on the shell (N)
permanent attachments acting on the shell (N)

Dead Load Supported by Shell

Anchor Chair Design
(from AISI T-192E 2011)

Entered Parameters

Chair Material : A36

Top Plate Type : DISCRETE
Chair Style : VERT. TAPERED
Top Plate Width (a) : 300 mm
Top Plate Length (b) : 206.64 mm
Vertical Plate Width (k) : 128.32 mm
Top Plate Thickness (c) : 32 mm
Bolt Eccentricity (e) : 102 mm
Outside of Top Plate to Hole Edge (f) : 80 mm
Distance Between Vertical Plates (g) : 108 mm
Chair Height (h) : 350 mm
Vertical Plates Thickness (j) : 26 mm
Base Plate thickness (m) : 8 mm
Shell Course + Repad Thickness (t) : 12 mm
Nominal Radius to Tank Centerline (r) : 4253 mm
Design Load per Bolt (P) : 297191 N
Bolt Diameter (d) = 42 mm (M42)
Threads per unit length (n) = 0.22

Bolt Yield Load = A-s * Sy

Bolt Yield Load = 1045.15 * 250
Bolt Yield Load = 261,287.58 N

Seismic Design Bolt Load (Pa) = 587,286.21 N

Anchor Chairs will be designed to withstand
Design Load per Bolt
Anchor Chair Design Load, (P) : 297,190.64 N

For anchor Chair Material: A36

(per API-650 Table 5-2b, Sd-Chair = 160 MPa

Since bottom t <= 10 mm, and Seismic anchorage required (J) > 1.45,
or Wind Speed is > 160.93 kph,
h-min is 305 mm.

For Discrete Top Plate,

Max. Chair Height Recommended : h <= 3 * a
h-max = 3 * a
h-max = 3 * 300 = 900 mm.

h-actual = 350 mm.

e-min = 0.886 * d + 15
e-min = 0.886 * 42 + 15 = 52.21 mm.

e-actual = 102 mm.

g-min = d + 26
g-min = 42 + 26 = 68 mm.

g-actual = 108 mm.

f-min = d/2 + 4
f-min = 42/2 + 4 = 25 mm.

c-min = SQRT[P / Sd-Chair / f * (0.375 * g - 0.22 * d)]

c-min = SQRT[297,190.64 / 160 / 79.99 * (0.375 * 108 - 0.22 * 42)] = 26.94 mm.

c-actual = 32 mm.

j-min = MAX(13, [0.04 * (h - c)])

j-min = MAX(13, [0.04 * (350 - 32)]) = 13 mm.

j-actual = 26 mm.

b-min = e-min + d + 7
b-min = 52.21 + 42 + 7 = 101.21 mm.

Stress due to Top Plate Thickness

S-actual-Top-Plate = P / (f * c^2) * (0.375 * g - 0.22 * d)
S-actual-Top-Plate = 297,190.64 / (79.99 * 32^2) * (0.375 * 108 - 0.22 * 42) = 113.41 MPa

Repad-t = 6 mm
t-shell-1 = 6 mm

ClearX = Minimum Clearance of Repad from Anchor chair

ClearX = MAX(51, 6 * Repad-t, 6 * t-shell-1)
ClearX = MAX(51, 6 * 6, 6 * 6) = 51 mm

Minimum Height = h + ClearX

Minimum Height = 350 + 51 = 401 mm
Minimum Width = a + 2 * ClearX
Minimum Width = 300 + 2 * 51 = 402 mm

Shell Stress due to Chair Height (For discrete Top Plate)

S-actual-ChairHeight = P * e / t^2 * F3
Where F3 = F1 + F2

now F1 = (1.32 * z) / (F6 + F7)

where F6 = (1.43 * a * h^2) / (r * t)
and F7 = (4 * a * h^2)^(1/3)
and z = 26 / (F4 * F5 + 26)
where F4 = (0.177 * a * m) / SQRT(r * t)
and F5 = (m / t)^2

yields F5 = (8 / 12)^2
F5 = 0.44
yields F4 = (0.177 * 300 * 8) / SQRT(4,250 * 12)
F4 = 1.88
yields z = 26 / (1.88 * 0.44 + 26)
z = 0.96
yields F7 = (4 * 300 * 350^2)^(1/3)
F7 = 527.76
yields F6 = (1.43 * 300 * 350^2) / (4,250 * 12)
F6 = 1,030.44
yields F1 = (1.32 * 0.96) / (1,030.44 + 527.76)
F1 = 0
now F2 = 0.031 / SQRT(r * t)
yields F2 = 0.031 / SQRT(4,250 * 12)
F2 = 0
yields F3 = 0 + 0
F3 = 0
yields S-actual-ChairHeight = 297,190.64 * 102 / 12^2 * 0
yields S-actual-ChairHeight = 201.67 MPa

Maximum Recommended Stress is 170 MPa for the Shell

(per API-650 E.6.2.1.2)
Sd-ChairHeight = 170 MPa

ANCHOR CHAIR SUMMARY

S-actual-Top-Plate Meets Design Calculations

(within 105% of Sd-Chair)
S-actual-Top-Plate/Sd-Chair
113.41/160 = 70.88%
S-actual-ChairHeight Meets Design Calculations
(within 105% of Sd-ChairHeight)
S-actual-ChairHeight/Sd-ChairHeight
201.67/208.33 = 96.8%
Capacities and Weights
Maximum Capacity (to Max Liq Level) : 410 M^3
Capacity to Top of Shell (to Tank Height) : 410 M^3
Working Capacity (to Normal Working Level) : 368 M^3
Net working Capacity (Working Capacity - Min Capacity) : 300 M^3
Minimum Capacity (to Min Liq Level) : 68 M^3

New New
Corroded Corroded
Component Condition Condition
(N) (Kg)
(N) (Kg)
SHELL 87,892 8,963 58,609 5,977
ROOF 41,190 4,201 32,037 3,267
RAFTERS 0 0 0 0
GIRDERS 0 0 0 0
FRAMING 0 0 0 0
COLUMNS 0 0 0 0
BOTTOM 35,829 3,654 26,872 2,741

STAIRWAYS 0 0 0 0

STIFFENERS 3,220 329 1,577 161

WIND
0 0 0 0
GIRDERS
ANCHOR
5,590 570 5,590 570
CHAIRS
APPURTENAN
0 0 0 0
CES
INSULATION 0 0 0 0

TOTAL 173,721 17,717 124,685 12,716

Weight of Tank, Empty : 173,721 N

Weight of Tank, Full of Product (SG = 1.01) : 4,242,911.96 N
Weight of Tank, Full of Water : 4,202,625.51 N
Net Working Weight, Full of Product : 3,568,462.58 N
Net Working Weight Full of Water : 3,534,851.28 N

Foundation Area Req'd : 58.25 m^2

Foundation Loading, Empty : 2,982.32 N/m^2
Foundation Loading, Full of Product : 72,839.35 N/m^2
Foundation Loading, Full of Water : 72,147.74 N/m^2

SURFACE AREAS
Roof : 59.52 m^2
Shell : 193.33 m^2
Bottom : 58.25 m^2

Wind Moment : 391,745.01 N-m

Seismic Moment : 7,329,713.14 N-m