EJERCICIOS DE

1. Sheet material, measuring 1 m2 and 5 cm thick, is to be fried from 50% to 2% moisture under
constant drying conditions. The dry density of the material is 400 kg/m3 and its equilibrium
moisture content is negligible. The available drying surface is 1 m2. Experiments showed that the
rate of drying was constant at 4.8 kg/(hr)(m2) between moisture contents of 50% and 25% and
thereafter the rate decreased linearly. Calculate the total time required to dry the material from
50% to 2%. All moisture contents are on wet basis.
(Ans: 6.653 hrs)
2. Calculate the critical moisture content and the drying rate during the constant rate period for
drying a wet slab of size 20 cm x 75 cm x 5 cm, whose dry weight is 16 kg. Both the sides are used
for drying. The following drying data is available for the sample. Assume equilibrium moisture
content is negligible.
Drying
time, 0 0.25 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0
hrs
Sample
weight, 19.9 19.7 19.2 18.9 18.6 18.3 18.1 17.65 16.92 16.4 16.15 16.05
kg

(Ans: 0.l4375 kg/kg, 2 kg/hr m2)

3. The following data are available for drying a substance. Estimate the drying time needed to dry a
similar sample under similar drying conditions from 40% to 12% moisture content, on wet basis.
The drying surface is 1 m2/4 kg of dry weight the initial weight of the wet sample is 80 kg.
X(dry
basis) 0.35 0.25 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.10 0.08 0.065
N,
kg/hr.m2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.266 0.24 0.21 0.15 0.07 0.05

(Ans: 7.281 hrs)

4. 175 kg of wet material with 25% moisture to be dried to 10% moisture. Air enters at 65°C DBT
and WBT of 25°C. The velocity of air is 150 cm/s. Drying area equals 1 m2/40 kg dry weight.
X(dry
basis) 0.26 0.22 0.20 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.1 0.08
N,
kg/hr.m2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.04 0.9 0.75 0.6
(Ans: 6.687 hrs)
5. A wet solid is dried from 35% to 8% moisture in 5 hrs under constant drying condition. The critical
moisture content is 15% and equilibrium moisture content is 5%. All the moisture contents are
reported as percentage on wet basis. Calculate how much longer it would take place under the
similar drying conditions to dry from 8% to 6% moisture on wet basis.
(Ans: 4.643 hrs)
6. A certain material was dried under constant drying conditions and it was found that 2 hours are
required to reduce the free moisture from 20% to 10%. How much longer would it require to reduce
the free moisture to 4%? Assume that no constant rate period is encountered.
(Ans: 4.643 hrs)
7. It is desired to dry sheets of material from 73% to 4% moisture content (wet basis). The sheets are
2 m x 3m x 5 mm. The drying rate during constant rate period is estimated to be 0.1 kg/hr . m2.
The bone-dry density of the material is 30 kg/m3. The material is dried from both the sides. The
critical moisture content is 30% on wet basis and equilibrium moisture content is negligible. The
falling rate period is linear. Determine the time needed for drying.
(Ans: 2.798 hrs)
8. A slab of paper pulp 1m x 1m x 5mm is to be dried under constant drying conditions from 60% to
20% moisture (wet basis) and the critical moisture is 1.5 kg water/kg dry pulp. The drying rate at
the critical point has been estimated to be 1.40 kg/(m2)(hr). The dry weight of each slab is 2.5 kg.
Assuming that drying rate is linear in falling rate period and drying takes place from the two large
faces only, calculate the drying time needed.
(Ans: 4.8 hrs)
9. 50 kg of batch of granular solids containing 25% moisture is to be dried in a tray dryer to 12%
moisture by passing a stream of air at 92°C tangentially across its surface at a velocity of 1.8 m/s.
If the constant rate of drying under these conditions is 0.0008 kg moisture/m2s and critical
moisture content is 10%. Calculate the drying time if the surface available is 1.0 m2 (all moisture
contents are on wet basis).
(Ans: 2.565 hrs)
10. A plant wishes to dry a certain type of fibre board in sheets 1.2m x 2m x 12mm. To determine the
drying characteristics a 0.3m x 0.3m board with the edge sealed, so that drying takes place only
from two large faces only, was suspended from a balance in a laboratory dryer and exposed to a
current of hot dry air. Initial moisture content is 10%. Dry mass of the sample weighs 0.9 kg.
Constant drying rate 0.0001 kg/m2s. Determine the time for drying large sheets from 75% to 20%
moisture under the same drying conditions (all moisture contents are on wet basis).
(Ans: 65.24 hrs)
11. A batch of wet solid was dried on a tray drier using constant drying conditions and the thickness
of material on the tray was 25 mm. Only the top surface was exposed for drying. The weight of
dry solid was 24 kg/m2 exposed surface. The initial free moisture content was 0.55 and the critical
moisture content was 0.22. Calculate the time needed to dry a batch of this material from a
moisture content of 0.45 to 0.30 using the same drying condition but the thickness of 50 mm with
drying from the top and bottom surface.
(Ans: 1.756 hrs)
12. No se copia
13. It is necessary to dry a batch of 160 kg of wet solid from 30% to 5% moisture content under
constant rate and falling rate period. The falling rate is assumed to be linear. Calculate the total
drying time considering an available drying surface of 1 m2/40 kg of dry solid. The flux during
constant rate period is 0.0003 kg/m2s. The critical and equilibrium moisture contents are 0.2 and
0.02 respectively. If the air flow rate is doubled, what is the drying time needed? The critical and
equilibrium moisture contents do not change with velocity of air but Nc varies as G^0.71, where
G is the mass flow rate if air.
(Ans: 23.33 hrs and 14.265 hrs)
14. No se copia

15. During the batch drying test of a wet slab of material 0.35 m2 and 7 mm thick, the falling rate
expressed as 0.95 (X – 0.01) where N, is the drying rate in kg/m2s and X is the moisture content
is kg moisture/kg dry solid. The constant drying rate was 0.38 kg/m2s and slab was dried from
one side only with the edges sealed. Density of the dry material is 1200 kg/m3. It is desired to
reduce the moisture content from 35% to 5% on wet basis. What is the time needed for drying?
(Ans: 22.63 s)