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W 2 Day 1A PV Curve - 2

This document discusses PV analysis using PV curves to study voltage stability in power systems. PV curves are generated by incrementing power transfer between defined source and sink subsystems in a power flow study. The curves show how voltage varies with increasing power transfer, and the point of maximum transfer before voltage collapse or instability can be identified.

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hung nguyen
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230 views9 pages

W 2 Day 1A PV Curve - 2

This document discusses PV analysis using PV curves to study voltage stability in power systems. PV curves are generated by incrementing power transfer between defined source and sink subsystems in a power flow study. The curves show how voltage varies with increasing power transfer, and the point of maximum transfer before voltage collapse or instability can be identified.

Uploaded by

hung nguyen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Power Planners International 

PSS/E Training Course for NG SA

PV Analysis: PV Curve

Week 2 Day-1-A

EOA Head Office, Dammam


Dec. 01 – Dec 05, 2013
PV/QV Analyses

• The PV/QV analyses are designed for studies of slow


voltage stability, which could be analysed as a
steady-state problem. Steady State Analysis
• They are power flow based analyses used to assess
voltage variations with active and reactive power
change.
• Two methods are used to determine the loading
limits imposed by voltage stability under the steady-
state conditions.
• The PV/QV analyses do not provide solutions to
specific problem but function as tools that can be
directed by the user to perform analyses in the
solution of problems associated with the steady-state
voltage stability of power systems.
PV/QV Analyses )
• The following figure illustrates a strong power
system feeding a load (or load area) through a
transmission line.

Lumped

• PV and QV curves are developed to study the


voltage collapse phenomenon.
• The approach is also valid for an interconnected
network.
PV Analysis (PV Curves)

• PV curves are parametric study involving a series of


ac power flows that monitor the changes in one set of
power flow variables with respect to another in a
systematic fashion.
• This approach is a powerful method for determining
transfer limits that account for voltage and reactive
flow effects.
• As power transfer is increased, voltage decreases at
some buses on or near the transfer path.
• The transfer capacity where voltage reaches the low
voltage criterion is the low voltage transfer limit.
• Transfer can continue to increase until the solution
identifies a condition of voltage collapse; this is the
voltage collapse transfer limit.
PV Analysis (PV Curves)

TRIVIA !
Increase in the load increases
the power transfer as the
resultant load impedance is
decreased (due to parallel
addition of more shunt (load)))

• This can be demonstrated using a simple two terminals network as in


Figure above.
• From reference P. Kundur, Power System Stability and Control, McGraw-
Hill 1994, the power flow relationship between the source and the load can
be summarized as follows:

Where
PV Analysis (PV Curves)

• The loading of the network can be increased by decreasing the


value of ZLD.
• This is done with Es, load power factor and line parameters
fixed.
• As ZLD is decreased gradually the load power, PR, increases,
hence the power transmitted will increase.
• As the value of ZLD approaches ZLN the value of PR starts to
decrease gradually due to F.
• However, from above Equation it is seen that as ZLD decreases
the receiving voltage VR decreases gradually.
• PV curves are typically used for the knee curve analysis. It is as
named because of its distinctive shape at the point of voltage
collapse as the power transfer increases, as shown in Figure in
next slide.
• Depending on the transfer path, different buses have different
knee point. The buses closer to the transfer path will normally
exhibit a more discernible knee point.
PV Curve

1.05 pu

.95 Lead
V
1 .98 Lead
.95 Lag

.98 Lag

• Voltage instability occurs at the knee point of the PV curve where


the voltage drops rapidly with an increase in the transfer power
flow.
• The power flow solution will not converge beyond this limit,
indicating voltage instability.
• Operation at or near the stability limit is impractical and a
satisfactory operating condition must be ensured to prevent
voltage collapse.
• PV Analysis allows us to find out how much power an inter tie can transfer within stability limits

This is still a Steady State Analysis


PV Curve in PSS/E

• In PSS®E, the PV curves are generated by selecting two


subsystems where the power transfer between the subsystems is
incremented in a defined step size for a series of ac power flow
calculations while the bus voltages, generator outputs and the
branch flows of the system are monitored.
• When the bus voltages are plotted as a function of the
incremental power transfer the PV curves are obtained.
• One of the subsystems in the study must be defined as the study
(source) system and another as the opposing (sink) system.
• The power flows from the study subsystem to the opposing
subsystem.
• Sub, Mon, Con and DFAX files are created that corresponds to
the network conditions contained in the working case and to the
desired linear network analysis data files
• Define source subsystem and sink subsystem using Append
feature of creating Sub, Mon, Con files.
• The *.sub file should look like
PV Curve in PSS/E

/PSS/E32.00
COM
COM SUBSYSTEM description file entry created by PSS®E Config
File Builder
COM
SUBSYSTEM ‘NAME'
ZONE Number
END
COM
COM SUBSYSTEM description file entry created by PSS®E Config
File Builder
COM
SUBSYSTEM ‘NAME'
ZONE Number
END
END

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