Lecture Part 4

Vents and Venting:

Vent System – consists of all the vent pipes of a building. It may include one or more pipes installed to
provide a free flow of air to and from a drainage system. This prevents back pressure or siphonage from
breaking the water trap seals serving the fixtures.
Types of Vent:
Battery Venting –uses a branch or circuit vent to a vent a group of two or more similar adjacent fixtures
that discharges into a common horizontal waste or soil branch.
Branch Vent – Connects one or more individual vents to a vent stack.
Circuit Vent – functions much like a branch vent. Serves two or more fixtures and rise vertically from
between the last two fixture traps located on a horizontal branch drain. They are connected to the vent
stack.
Common Vent/Unit/Dual/Duplex – is a vertical vent that serves two fixture branches installed at the
same level. An arrangement of venting so installed that one pipe will serve two traps.
Continuous Vent (Stack Vent) – is the vertical portion that’s a continuation of the drain to which it’s
connected.
Dry Vent –is that portion of a vent system that receives no sewage discharge.
Individual Vent (Back Vent) – is a pipe installed to vent a single fixture trap. It may connect to the existing
vent system above the fixture served or terminate through the building roof into the open air. A vent
installed in a pipe to vent a fixture trap connected to the vent system above the fixture it serves.
Loop Vent/ Venting loop– is similar to a circuit vent except that a loop vent loops back and connects to
the stack vent and not to the vent stack. A vent arrangement for a group of plumbing fixtures; consists
of a vent pipe which is connected to the waste or soil branch immediately before the first fixture of the
group.
Main Vent/Vent Stack- is the principal pipe of a venting system to which vent branches may be
connected. The main vent may connect at the base of a soil or waste stack below the lowest horizontal
branch or to the building drain. A vertical vent pipe installed primarily for the purpose of providing
circulation of air to or from any part of the building drainage system.
Vent Stack –is the vertical portion of a vent pipe. Its primary purpose is to provide circulation of air to
and from all parts of a drainage system
Relief Vent – is sometimes referred to in the trade as a “re-vent”. Its primary function is to provide a
route for the circulation of air between the drainage system and the vent of a plumbing system.
Side Vent –is a vent that connects to a horizontal drain pipe through a fitting at an angle no greater than
45 degrees to the vertical.
Stack Vent/Soil Vent/Waste Vent – is nothing more than the extension of a soil or waste stack (dry
section) up and through the roof of a building.
Stack Venting –is a method of venting fixtures through the soil or waste stack.
Vent header – is as single pipe that receives the connection of two or more vent pipes and then
connects to the main vent stack or extends to the atmosphere separately at one point.

Vents and Venting

Lecture Part 4
Wet Vent – is a waste pipe that vents and conveys waste from fixtures other than water closets.
Yoke Vent – It is a pipe connecting upward from a soil or waste stack to a vent stack for the purpose of
preventing pressure changes in the stack.
Dry vent – It is a vent which carries neither nor waterborne wastes.
Crown Vent – A vent pipe which is connected at the crown.
Blind Vent –A vent pipe which terminate at the upper side of the fixture and does not connect to the
drainage system with the intent of cheating.
Fixture Vent – A vent pipe which leads from the drainage pipe to another vent pipe or to the
atmosphere.
Utility Vent – A vent which rises well above the highest water level of a fixture and then turens
downward before it connects to the main vent or stack vent.
Local Vent/Local Ventilating pipe or vent – A pipe on the fixture side of the trap through which vapor or
foul air is removed from the room or fixture.
Ejector Vent –A pipe used to provide air a sump pit and prevent pressure buildup.
Bypass Vent – A vent stack which runs parallel to a soil stack or waste stack and is connected to frequent
intervals.
RA 1378:
Materials:
 No galvanized wrought iron or galvanized steel pipe shall be used underground and shall be
kept at least 15 cm above ground.
Vent Termination:
 Each vent pipe or stack through roof (SVTR) shall extend its flashing all around and the stack
vent shall terminate vertically not less than 15 cm above the roof nor less than 0.30 m from
any surface nearby.
 Each vent opening shall terminate not less than 3 m from, or at least 0.90 m above any
openable window, door opening, air intake or vent shaft; nor less than 0.90 m away from any lot
line, alley and street boundary lines.
 Vent pipes shall be extended separately or combined, of full required size, not less than 15 cm
above the roof or fire wall.
 Vertical vent pipes for outdoor installations shall extend to at least 3 m distant from any part of
the roof that is used for other purposes and shall extend not less than 2.1 m above such roof
and shall be securely stayed.

Vents and Venting