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Lab Report 12 Salivary Amylase

1. The students conducted experiments to test saliva samples for various components like amylase, calcium, inorganic phosphate, and chloride. Amylase was found to breakdown starch as expected. Calcium and inorganic phosphate were both present. Chloride was present but in lower concentration. 2. Mucin was isolated from saliva and tested positive for both carbohydrates and proteins, as mucin contains both. 3. The experiments helped determine the components of saliva and their functions in digestion, such as amylase beginning starch digestion in the mouth. Saliva also contains electrolytes and mucus that lubricate and protect tissues.

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705 views5 pages

Lab Report 12 Salivary Amylase

1. The students conducted experiments to test saliva samples for various components like amylase, calcium, inorganic phosphate, and chloride. Amylase was found to breakdown starch as expected. Calcium and inorganic phosphate were both present. Chloride was present but in lower concentration. 2. Mucin was isolated from saliva and tested positive for both carbohydrates and proteins, as mucin contains both. 3. The experiments helped determine the components of saliva and their functions in digestion, such as amylase beginning starch digestion in the mouth. Saliva also contains electrolytes and mucus that lubricate and protect tissues.

Uploaded by

3amabelle arevalo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ateneo de Zamboanga University

College of Science and Information Technology


Natural Sciences Department
NURBIO D
______________________________________________________________________________

Name/s: AREVALO, Alessandra L.


Scores
BERNARDO, Alexander
LUI, Sharah Gayle P. Introduction _______
PASCUA, Precious P. Objective/s _______
Results and Discussion _______
SALIBAY, Chosen Lloyd Questions _______
Conclusion and Insights _______
Group No. 6 Total _______
Section BSN 1 -D

Activity No. 11: Salivary Amylase

I. Introduction
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________.

II. Objectives
1.
2.
3.
III. Results and Discussion

Collection of Saliva

1. Test for Amylase


In our experiment for Test for Amylase, we first followed the procedure, which was to a
2.5 mL of starch solution in a test tube, add one mL of 0.1M Phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, followed
by one mL of 0.1M NaCl solution, then add 1 mL of salivary fluid to it then mix. Afterwards, we
prepared s pot plate with each spot containing a drop of iodine solution. At intervals of one
minute, transfer one drop of the mixture to each depression containing iodine in the spot plate.
The blue color fades and disappears with samples collected with increasing time intervals. We
did this for 12 minutes. Then we observed the results and the color that was formed and recorded
it.
In the experiment, we can see the breakdown of starch, and how the iodine turned from
blue into black with the increasing time interval. The saliva was rich in the enzyome of amylase
which is the main enzyme in the breaking down of the starch. We discovered that amylase
hydrolysis α 1,4 glycosidic bonds in starch at random. The break-down products do not have the
capacity to bind iodine.

2. Test for Calcium


In our experiment for Test for Calcium, we first followed the procedure, which was to a 2
mL of salivary fluid, we added 5 drops of 1% acetic acid and 5 mL of 2% potassium oxalate
solution. We observed a faint white precipitate that was formed.
When the acetic acid was drop, there was a reaction of the solution turning into cloudyb
white. The solution before was slightly clear. Afterwards, when the addition of potassium oxalate
solution was added, there was a formation of a thread-like white precipitate which lied in a
vertical position that was formed. There was only a small amount of precipitated that was seen.
With this, it indicates that calcium ions are precipitated as caclium oxalate under neutral or
slightly acidic conditions.
3. Test for Inorganic Phosphate
In our experiment for Test for Inorganic Phosphate, we first followed the procedure, which
was mix 1 mL of salivary fluid in a test tube, add 1 mL of ammonium molybdate solution. We
heated it over direct flame and observed, which we recorded the results afterwards.
The test for inorganic phosphate is a test that is used to detect the presence of phosphate.
The saliva in the mouth is a mixture of secretions from all the glands present. It is supersaturated
with calcium phosphates that helps to prevent demineralization of the teeth. In the test, the result
was shown in a precipitation of clear color, when the result should be a presence of yellow
precipitate. When the saliva was added with the ammonium molydate, it showed a clear color
and the precipiate signifies the presence of inorganic phosphate.

4. Test for Chloride


In our experiment for Test for Chloride, we first followed the procedure, which was in a
test tube, we mixed 1 mL of salivary fluid with 3-5 drops of nitric acid followed by 5 drops of
silver nitrate solution. We observed and recorded the results.
In this experiment, when the silver nitrate is dropped for 5 times, there was a formation of
cloudy white precipitate since silver chloride is formed. When the saliva is rested, it becomes
more acidic rather than the stimulated saliva. When a few drops of silver nitrate was added to a
slightyly acidic aqeous solutions which contains chloride ions, there was a formation of an
insoluble white cloudy precipitate which shows the formation of silver chloride. When the
solution is cloudier, there is a higher chloride ion content. But from what the results showed, it is
only a slightly chloudy white precipitate that was formed since the concentration of sodium and
chloride ion in te saliva are lesser. It still showed a reaction, which means that there was a
presence of chloride ion.

Isolation of Mucin from Saliva

5. Carbohydrate
In our experiment for Test for Carbohydrate, we first followed the procedure, which was to
place about one half of the isolated mucin in a test tube, then we added 1 mL of 3M HCl and
immersed it in a boiling water for 30 minutes. We allowed ut to cool and make faintly basic with
3M NaOh. Afterwards, we did this by putting a “red” litmus paper in the test tube and add NaOH
drop by drop until the litmus paper turns “blue”. Next, we added 3 mL of Benedict’s solution and
heated it again in a boiling water bath until a visible change occurred. We observed and recorded
the results.
The saliva contains mucin, which is a protein but also contains carbohydrates that consists
approximately 50 – 80% carbohydrate by weight. The mucin is known as having a heavily
glycosylated protein. The glycolysation refers to the enzymatic process that attaches the glycans
to proteins and other organic milecyles. The addition of the benedict’s solution would result to a
reddish precipitate or color which indicates that it is positive, where there is a presence of sugar
in the mucin.

6. Protein
In our experiment for Test for Carbohydrate, we first followed the procedure, which was to
dissolve the remaining portion of mucin in 1 mL of 2.5M NaOH, then added 3 drops of 0.05%
CuSO4 solution. Then we mixed it and observe the color change, and recorded the result.
The mucin is a type of protein is found in the saliva. Its functions in the oral cavity include
protein against dessication and environement, it adds lubrications, and there are antimicrobial
effects against potential pathogens. In the experiment, there was a reagent of biuret reagent
which is a test that is used in order to detect the presence of proteins in the peptide bonds, or
proteins. The mucin is a protein, which would result to a positive reaction resulting to a purple
color.

IV. Questions
1. What is the purpose of each of the components of saliva?
2. How does each component help in the digestion of food?
3. Does digestion already happen in the mouth? If so, what type of digestion?
4. What impairment will a person experience without salivary glands?
5. Cite three salivary gland disorders and the corresponding medical treatment
for each.
V. Conclusion and Insights

VI. Referrences

Balda, K. (2011, September 11). Report exp 6 and 7 (DNA and RNA). Retrieved from

https://www.slideshare.net/kevbalda/report-exp-6-and-7-dna-and-rna.

Biochem Lab Con Nucleic. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://www.scribd.com/presentation/376328434/Biochem-Lab-Con-Nucleic.

CU Dentistry 2019 Follow. (2013, December 8). Nucleoproteins - Biochemistry. Retrieved from

https://www.slideshare.net/cud2018/nucleoproteins-biochemistry.

Nucleic Acids. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.scribd.com/document/211770717/Nucleic-

Acids.

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