CLASS ∑ 𝑓𝑥

INTERVAL TALLY f <cf >cf R.f. x fx 𝑥̅ = 𝑛

Mean
BOUNDARY
48 - 52 47.5 – 52.5 IIIII 5 5 32 15.625 50 250 𝑛
− <𝑐𝑓
53 - 57 52.5 - 57.5 IIII 4 9 27 12.5 55 220 𝑀𝑑 = 𝐿𝐵 + (2 ) (𝑖) Median
𝑓
58 - 62 57.5 - 62.5 IIIII-IIIII
10 19 23 31.25 60 600
63 - 67 62.5 - 67.5 IIIII-II 7 26 13 21.875 65 455 ∆1
𝑀𝑜 = 𝐿𝐵 + (∆ ) (𝑖) Mode
1 +∆2
68 - 72 67.5 - 72.5 IIIII 5 31 6 15.625 70 350
73 - 77 72.5 - 77.5 I 1 32 1 3.125 75 75 Base it on the highest frequency (Hf)
Σf = 32 100% Σfx= 1950 ∆1 = 𝐻𝑓 − 𝑓 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
Find the mean, median, mode, 3rd quartile, 73rd percentile, 6th decile ∆2 = 𝐻𝑓 − 𝑓 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠

𝑈𝐿+𝐿𝐿
𝑥= 2
Classmark

CLASS 𝑅𝑓 =
𝑓
(100) Relative Frequency
INTERVAL TALLY f <cf >cf R.f. x fx ∑𝑓
BOUNDARY
8 - 19 7.5 – 19.5 III 3 3 28 10.7142857 13.5 40.5
∑ 𝑓(𝑥−𝑥̅ )2
20 - 31 19.5 - 31.5 III 3 6 25 10.7142857 25.5 76.5 𝑠=√ Standard Deviation
∑ 𝑓−1
32 - 43 31.5 - 43.5 IIIII 5 11 22 17.8571429 37.5 187.5
44 - 55 43.5 - 55.5 IIIII-I 6 17 17 21.4285714 49.5 297 𝑘𝑛
− <𝑐𝑓
56 - 67 55.5 - 67.5 IIIII-III8 25 11 28.5714286 61.5 492 𝑃𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + (100 𝑓 ) (𝑖) Percentile
68 - 79 67.5 - 79.5 III 3 28 3 10.7142857 73.5 220.5
Σf = 100% Σfx= 1314 𝑘𝑛
− <𝑐𝑓
28 𝐷𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + ( 10 ) (𝑖) Decile
𝑓
Find the mean, median, mode, 2rd quartile, 36rd percentile, 7th decile
𝑘𝑛
− <𝑐𝑓
𝑄𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + ( 4 𝑓
) (𝑖) Quartile

56 65 59 69 61 48 72 66
51 67 62 60 63 71 70 74 𝑅 = 𝐻𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎 − 𝐿𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎 Range
62 62 59 64 70 65 54 56 𝑅
58 64 62 48 49 52 55 58 𝑖= Class Size
𝑑𝑐𝑖
i=5
Find the mean, median, mode, 3rd quartile, 73rd percentile, 6th decile

Graph the frequency polygon, histogram, <cf and >cf

 Measures of Position in Group Data Solve the following first to identify the position
𝑛 50 𝑘𝑛 90(50)
= = 25 = = 45
2 2 100 100

The following set of data is the list of number of minutes of 50 internet subscribers spent on 𝑘𝑛
=
6(50)
= 30
𝑘𝑛
=
2(50)
= 25
10 10 4 4
the internet during their most recent session.

Construct an frequency table that has seven classes. Find the class boundary, frequency,
Use the formula:
commulative frequency, and solve for the median, 90th percentile rank, 6th decile, and 2nd 𝑛 𝑘𝑛
− <𝑐𝑓
− <𝑐𝑓
quartile. 𝑀𝑑 = 𝐿𝐵 + (2
𝑓
) (𝑖) 𝑃𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + (100 𝑓 ) (𝑖)

50 40 41 17 11 7 22 44 28 21 𝑘𝑛 𝑘𝑛
− <𝑐𝑓 − <𝑐𝑓
19 23 37 51 54 42 88 41 78 56 𝑄𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + ( 4 ) (𝑖) 𝐷𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + ( 10 ) (𝑖)
𝑓 𝑓
17 7 69 30 80 56 29 33 46 31
39 20 18 29 34 59 73 77 36 39
30 62 54 67 39 31 53 44 72 56
Median:
25 − 16
𝑀𝑑 = 30.5 + ( ) (12)
13
Sol. 𝑴𝒅 = 𝟑𝟖. 𝟖 𝒐𝒓 𝟑𝟗
81
𝑅 = 88 – 7 𝑑𝑐𝑖 = 7 𝑖= 𝑛 = 50
7
𝑅 = 81 𝑖 = 11.5 90th Percentile:
45− 42
𝑖 = 12 𝑃90 = 66.5 + ( ) (12)
6
𝑷𝟗𝟎 = 𝟕𝟐. 𝟓 𝒐𝒓 𝟕𝟑
CLASS
INTERVAL TALLY f <cf
BOUNDARY
7 - 18 6.5 – 18.5 IIIII-I 6 6 6th Decile:
19 - 30 18.5 - 30.5 IIIII-IIIII 10 16 𝐷6 = 42.5 + (
30− 29
) (12)
8
31 - 42 30.5 - 42.5 IIIII-IIIII-III 13 29 𝑫𝟔 = 𝟒𝟒
43 - 54 42.5 - 54.5 IIIII-III 8 37
55 - 66 54.5 - 66.5 IIIII 5 42
67 - 78 66.5 - 78.5 IIIII-I 6 48 2nd Quartile:
79 - 90 78.5 – 90.5 II 2 50 𝑄2 = 30.5 + (
25− 16
) (12)
13
Σf = 50 𝑸𝒌 = 𝟑𝟖. 𝟖 𝒐𝒓 𝟑𝟗
Before you can construct a frequency table you need to find this first Measures of Position in an Ungroup Data

1st – Find the RANGE

R = Maximum score – Minimum score Measures of position is a number that tells where the score stands relative to the others in a set of
2nd – Identify the Desired Number of Class Interval (dci) data
𝑅
3rd – Compute for the (𝑖) Class Size or Width: 𝑖 = (rounded)
𝑑𝑐𝑖
Note: Do not follow the rule in rounding off To determine the position or the location of a particular data, we divide the set of data into equal
Ex. 12.2 → 13 parts
If the answer is whole number add 1
Ex. 12 → 13
Fractiles - are numbers that partition or divide an ordered data set into equal parts
4th – You’re ready to construct a table
Common types of Fractiles
Percentiles 100
To construct a frequency table
Decile 10
1. You need to construct the first column, the INTERVAL.
Quartile 4
In the interval, the first lower limit may be less than or equal to the minimum score. To get the
second lower limit, just add the class width to the first lower limit. Continue to add the class
Percentile - are values that divide a set of data into 100 equal parts.
width to this lower limit to get the rest of the lower limit. Subtract one unit from the second
Percentile rank – is the proportion of scores in a distribution that is below a specific score
lower limit to get the first upper limit. Similarly, continue to add the class width to this upper
Percentile Formula:
limit to get rest of the upper limit. 𝑘𝑛 1
𝑃𝑘 = ( + )𝑡ℎ
100 2
2. Find the CLASS BOUNDARIES
If the scores are integers, subtract 0.5 unit from the lower limit and add 0.5 units to the upper Decile - are values that divide a set of data into 10 equal parts.
𝑘𝑛 1
limit. If the scores have one decimal value, subtract 0.05 from the lower limit and add 0.05 to 𝐷𝑘 = ( + )𝑡ℎ
10 2
upper limt.
Quartile - are values that divide a set of data into 4 equal parts.
3. Tally 𝑘𝑛 1
𝑄𝑘 = ( + )𝑡ℎ
Tally the scores falling within a class interval. The tally in each group is called the frequency (f) 4 2

4. Find the CLASS MARK (Xm) Example:

This is the midpoint of each class interval. It is the average of limits in a class interval. The height (in cm) of twelve students
𝐿𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡+𝑈𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 148 152 164 150 165 140
𝑋𝑚 = 157 166 161 160 159 155
2
1. Find the 50th percentile rank
5. Relative Frequency (if needed)
These are the percentages of cases in each group To solve, arrange first the data from lowest to highest
140 148 150 152 155 157 159 160 161 164 165 166
6. Less than Cumulative Frequency (<cf)
The first c.f. is the same as the first frequency. to get the second, add the next f to the preceding 50th percentile rank Apply Linear Interpolation
c.f. and so on until the last c.f. id the total number of scores. 50(12) 1
𝑃50 = ( + )𝑡ℎ 6.5th = 6th + 0.5 (7th – 6th)
100 2
𝑃50 = 6. 5𝑡ℎ = 157 + 0.5 (159 – 157)
= 158
The following are the scores in a 20 item test of 20 students Circles in the Cartesian plane
10 12 15 18 20 8 6 3 19 18
5 11 4 10 14 13 16 19 18 16 The equation of a circle with center (h, k) and radius r is given by:
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟 2
Find the following This is called the standard form of circle’s equation
1. 35th Percentile rank 7. 3rd quartile
2. 4th decile 8. Mode
3. 2nd quartile 9. 80th percentile rank
4. Median 10. 9th decile
5. 6th decile 11. Mean
6. 50th percentile rank 12. 1st quartile

Answer
1. 10.5 7. 18
2. 11.5 8. 18
3. 13.5 9. 18
4. 13.5 10. 19
5. 15.5 11. 12.75
6. 13.5 12. 9

Example
The following are the weights(in kg) of 15 students:
50 48 39 40 49 50.5 38.4 43
45 47 48 48 38 52 51.8

Find the median and 85th percentile

 Horizontal and Vertical Asymptote Operations on Functions

Asymptote – a line that a curve approaches, as it heads towards infinity

Horizontal Asymptote

𝑥+1
1) Top degree < Bottom Degree Ex. 𝑦=0
𝑥 2 +2

𝑥 2 +1 𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡 1

2) Top degree = Bottom Degree Ex. 𝑦= 𝑦=
3𝑥 2 +1 𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡 3

𝑥 2 +1
3) Top degree > Bottom Degree Ex. 𝑁𝑜𝑛𝑒
𝑥−3

Example:
𝑥 2 +𝑥+1 1
1. H.A. 𝑦 =
3𝑥 2 +7 3

𝑥 2 −2
2. H.A. 𝑦 = 1
1+𝑥 2

7+5𝑥 2 +4𝑥 3
3. H.A. 𝑦 = 0
𝑥 4 +2

Vertical Asymptote

1) Factor

2) Cancel

3. Set Denominator equal to zero (0)

Example
𝑥−1
1. 2 V.A.: 𝑥 = −2, 𝑥 = −3
𝑥 +5𝑥+6

𝑥 2 +3𝑥−10
2. V.A.:𝑥 = −2
𝑥 2 −4

4
3. No V.A.
𝑥 2 +1