WHAT IS SENTENCE?

• Sentence is a group of words containing a subject and a predicate and expressing a complete thought.
• Ex: -
• The Prime Minister resigned.
• - The doctor examines his patient carefully.
• - Registration is always a tiring experience.

WHAT IS SUBJECT?
• Subject is a noun or noun substitute which usually appears at the beginning of sentence.
• •A simple subject : noun, pronoun, gerund, some question words.
• EXAMPLES:
• - Wool requires special handling.
• - Jessica is traveling to Paris. She is our news reporter.
• - Yawing is a sign of tiredness.
• - Nobody attended the meeting with the committee.
• -What caused the conflict between these two political parties?
• - Who wrote the fashion article last month?
• A compound subject (conjunction) : and, both / and, not only / but, also, either / or, neither / nor
• - Both swimming and jogging are good for your health.
• - Both John and Lele are my friends.
• - Neither love nor hatred can change Tim.
WHAT IS PREDICATE?
• Predicate is the part of the sentence that says what the subject does or who/what it is like.
• It consists of the main verb along with its auxiliaries and any objects, complements and modifier (if any) or it the
main verb alone.
Example :
The students drink milk everyday.
The students will drink tomorrow morning.
The students do not want to drink milk.
The students has not yet drunk milk.
• SIMPLE PREDICATE:
The verb in the sentence.
Example:
I borrowed your book.
The yellow flowers brighten the front porch.
Carlos collects seashells.
 COMPLETE PREDICATE
A complete predicate is the verb and all the words around it.
Example:
Carlos collects seashells.
The yellow flowers brighten the front porch.
I borrowed your book.
The Grade 6 pupils are wise hobbyist.

Identify the subject and predicate. Then write its type.

1. Writing poems is her hobby.
2. She loves writing haikus.
3. Her sister writes haikus too.
4. They have a collection of their poems.
5. Our teacher likes Susan’s haikus.
6. We create our own poems too.
7. My friends and I do this during our free time.
8. Most of our poems are about love and friendship.
9. My poems are dedicated to my family.
10. I wish to be a poet someday.
 COMPOUND SENTENCE
• A compound sentence has two or more independent clauses.
• There must be two simple sentences (independent clauses that can stand alone) joined together by a comma and
conjunction or a semicolon ( ; ).
• A compound sentence is a sentence that contains two complete ideas (called clauses) that are related. These two
clauses are usually connected in a compound sentence by a conjunction.
• - A compound sentence has two independent clauses. An independent clause is a part of a sentence that can stand
alone because it contains a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought.
• These independent clauses are joined by a conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so).
Example of COMPOUND SENTENCE
• The shoplifter had stolen clothes, so he ran once he saw the police.
• They spoke to him in Spanish, but he responded in English.
• Paul looked up at the church, and he waited for a signal.
• It is sunny, but it is very cold.

Identify each sentence as SIMPLE or COMPOUND.

1. I haven't seen Ann lately, and I won't see her again until fall.
2. Mr. Holmes listens to the news every night, and then he goes to bed.
3. Helen is going to Spain today and will come home July 25.
4. Will you wait for me, or do you want to go ahead?
5. The children argue and wrangle over every little thing.
6. We had nearly finished our thirty-six holes of golf, and I was exhausted.
7. I had originally planned to attend the meeting; however, now I find I can't.
8. Mrs. Brent likes to drive; she finds it relaxing.
9. Annette is afraid of the water; consequently, she had trouble passing the swimming test.
10. Delaware used to be a slave state; however, during the Civil War, it refused to secede.

COMPLEX SENTENCE
 The subordinate clause depends on the independent clause for meaning. It does not express a complete thought and it
cannot stand by itself. Sentences with one main clause and one subordinate clause are called complex sentences.
 Clause is a group of words with a verb and its subject. The parts that are underlined once are called the independent
clause or main clause.
 Main clause expresses a complete thought. The parts that are underlined twice are called the dependent clause or
subordinate clause.
 Dependent clauses are introduced by connectors like: because, while, though, before, after, although, when,
whenever, however, nevertheless, if, so, so that, unless, in order that, until, as soon as, while, where, etc.

Write separately the dependent clause from the independent clause.

1. James takes a water jug with him whenever he goes biking.
2. Filipinos do not leave their children unless they could live on their own.
3. Parents send their children to school because they want them to be successful someday.
4. They do not buy things if they do not need them.
5. Filipinos are admirable because they are sincere and trustworthy.
6. When Mara called, you were not home yet.
7. Come and see us when you return from Baguio.
8. The team always exercises before practice begins.
9. As soon as you arrive, call me up.
10. Father is resting at the couch while mother is preparing the supper.

Read the sentences carefully. Identify each as simple, compound, or complex.

________1. My friends will be at the mall.
________2. Come on time and I’ll be there.
________3. The children were standing at the corner while I walked straight ahead.
________4. They want to rest before they eat their supper.
________5. When you arrive, come to the front door.

Combine each pair of ideas to form complex sentences. Use appropriate conjunctions.

1. We went camping and hiking. We love the outdoors.

2. We went to a rainforest park one time. We rode on a big bus.
3. We made sure we were safe in the camp. We brought our tents and supplies.
4. We sang songs. We watched the fields we passed.
5. We didn’t get tired at all. We enjoyed the camping so much.
KINDS OF SENTENCES ACCORDING TO ITS FUNCTION
1. Declarative sentence states an idea. It ends with a period.
Examples:
•The concert begins in two hours.
•You’re a good man, Charlie Brown.
• Violet is my favorite color.
•Hawaii is a tropical climate.

2. Imperative sentence issues commands or requests or it can express a desire or wish.

Examples:
•Respond immediately.
•Please lower your voice.
•Meet me at the town square.

3. Exclamatory sentence shows strong emotions. It ends with an exclamation mark.

Examples:
•The river is rising!
•I can’t wait for the party!
•Oh, my goodness, I won!
•This is the best day of my life!

4. Interrogative sentence asks a question. It ends with a question mark.

Examples
• Do you want a coke or pepsi?
• You like Mexican food, don’t you?
• Are you okay?
• Where do you live?

CAUSE and EFFECT

o Cause- is the reason why something happens.
 Example: I didn't bring my homework, because my dog ate it.
o Effect- is the result of something happening.
 Example: I am happy, because today is my birthday.

EXERCISE 1: Identify the cause and effect in each sentence.

___ 1. The grass did not get any water.
___ The grass turned brown.
___ 2. Aramae wasn’t able to take pictures.
___ She forgot her camera.
___ 3. I can watch television now.
___ I’ve done all my homework.
______ 4. It was a very hot day.
______ So we decided to go to the river to take a bath.
______ 5. Because Jane hates ampalaya.
______ She did not eat the vegetable.
______ 6 Ann wanted to talk to Terry.
______ So she visited her in the house.
______ 7. It started to rain.
______ So she had to run home.
______ 8. Joy broke his leg.
______ Because she fell down the stairs.
 Exercise 2: Complete the words that describe the pictures below. Use the suffixes from the list.

-Able               -ful               -less

1. The first woman is very tired. She wants to rest! The second woman can't stay still. She always wants to move!
She is rest_____.
2. The first dog isn't cute. He's a little scary! The second dog is very cute! He's ador_____!
3. Jason writes lots of lists, so he always remembers what he has to do. He never forgets! But Melanie can't
remember anything! She's very forget_____!

Exercise 3: Complete the sentences by writing the correct prefix in the blank space. You can use a dictionary to help
you.

Dis-             -in               mis-               re-               un-               under-

1. I just can't believe it! The story is _____believable!

2. No, that answer is _____correct. It is wrong.
3. Let's look at this information again. We should _____view it before the test.
4. I saw Allison just a moment ago, but now I can't find her! It seems that she _____appeared!
5. Oh, i'm sorry, I didn't hear you correctly. I _____understood you.

Exercise 4: Complete the sentences that describe the pictures using the correct suffix. You can use a dictionary to
help you.

-Dom               -er               -ment               -ness

1. I teach science in big a university. I am a physics teach_____.

2. Sir Alan is King Richard's best knight. He is brave and strong. He is the most important knight in Richard’s whole
king_____!
3. Henrietta is my best friend. She is wonderful! The best thing about her is her kind_____. She is always so nice to
people!
4. The kids always have fun together. They never disagree or have an argu_____.

Exercise 5: Complete each word in the parenthesis by adding the proper prefix ( under, over, ex, and super ) to it.
Write the new words on your answer sheet.
1. (abundant) There is an ____________ harvest of corn in the province of Isabela this year.
2. (supply) It is expected then that there will be an _____________ of corn in this province.
3. (governor) The ____________ of Isabela was responsible for the successful corn farming.
4. (estimated) The farmers ____________ the volume of corn harvest they would have.
5. (eat) The freshness and sweetness of our local white corn make me _____________ boiled ones.