INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL

OF PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING STUDIES Volume IV /Issue 5 /MAY 2015

DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF A IN LINE 4-

CYLINDER ENGINE
1
IDRIS BIL HAQUI, 2 D V RAMANA REDDY

1
M.Tech Student, Department of MECHANICAL, Vardhaman College of Engineering and Technology, Ranga Reddy,
Telangana, India.
2
Associate Professor, Department of MECHANICAL, Vardhaman College of Engineering and Technology, Ranga Reddy,
Telangana, India.

ABSTRACT— The inline-four cylinder engine or straight- I INTRODUCTION

four engine is an inside combustion engine with all four Paste your text here and click on \"Next\" to look at this text
cylinders mounted in an exceedingly line, or plane on the editor do it\'s issue.
housing. the one bank of cylinders could also be familiarized
in either a vertical or associate degree simple machine with don\'t have any text to check? don\'t have any text to check?
all the pistons driving a typical shaft. wherever it\'s inclined, Click \"Select Samples\".We virtually take our burning
it\'s generally known as a slant-four. {in a|during a|in Engines without any consideration don’t we have a tendency
associate degree exceedingly|in a very} specification chart to? All we do is get our vehicles, hop in and drive around.
or once an abbreviation is employed, associate degree inline- There is, however, a history of development to grasp
four engine is listed either as I4 or L4. concerning. The compact, well-toned, powerful and
the most objective of the project is a way to develop the amazingly quiet engine that looks to be purr below your
paradigm of 4 cylinder engine assembly victimisation CAD vehicle’s hood simply wasn’t the tame beast it looks to be
tool SOLIDWORKS. These Engine assembly consists major currently. it absolutely was loud, it wont to roar and it wont
elements they\'re Piston, rod Assembly, Crank Shaft, plate, to be rather large. In fact, one among the terribly 1st engines
CamShaft, Valves, crank case , oil tank and electrical device that had been planned wasn’t even just like the engine we all
with needed dimensions. know therefore well of nowadays. within|an interior|an
The elements that area unit developed in enclosed} combustion engine is outlined as AN engine
SOLIDWORKS are analyzed in it victimisation simulation within which the energy of the fuel is discharged inside the
tool. The thermal analysis of piston, crank shaft, cam shaft engine and used directly for mechanical work, as against AN
and valve is performed for 800k thermal loading and external combustion engine within which a separate
therefore the results of temperature distribution of the combustor is employed to burn the fuel. the inner
elements is shown. Finally the thermal analysis results of the combustion engine was planned and developed within the
elements area unit compared and therefore the best suited late 1800s. it\'s had a major impact on society, and is taken
material is chosen. into account one among the foremost important inventions
Keywords—Simulation,thermal,structuctural conduction of the last century. the inner combustion engine has been the
,convection ,radiation ,vonmiess stress ,strain muse for the flourishing development of the many industrial
,displacement technologies. for instance, think about however this sort of

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engine has remodeled the transportation business, permitting concerning 100 percent to values as high as five hundredth.
the invention and improvement of vehicles, trucks, airplanes Since 1970, with recognition of the importance of air
and trains. quality, there has conjointly been an excellent deal of labor
dedicated to reducing emissions from engines. Currently,
Internal combustion engines will deliver power within the emission management necessities ar one among the main
vary from zero.01 kW to 20x103 kW, betting on their factors within the style and operation of burning engines.
displacement. the entire within the market place with
electrical motors, gas turbines and steam engines. the main HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENGINE
applications ar within the vehicle (automobile and truck), A brief outline of the history of the internal combustion
railroad, marine, aircraft, home use and stationary areas. The engine includes the following
overwhelming majority of burning engines ar created for Highlights:
conveyance applications, requiring an influence output on
the order of 102 kW. Next thereto burning engines became  1680 - Dutch physicist, Christian Huygens
the dominant cause technology in many areas. for instance, designed (but never built) an internal
in 1900 most vehicles were steam or electrically power- combustion engine that was to be fueled with
driven, however by 1900 most vehicles were power-driven gunpowder.
by fuel engines. As of year 2000, within the us alone there ar  1807 - Francois patriarch Diamond State Rivaz
concerning two hundred million motorized vehicles power- of Svizzera fancied an inside combustion engine
driven by burning engines. In 1900, steam engines were that used a combination of gas and O for fuel.
wont to power ships and railroad locomotives; nowadays Rivaz designed a automobile for his engine - the
two- and four-stoke diesel engines ar used. before 1950, primary combustion hopped-up automobile.
craft relied virtually solely on the pistons engines. nowadays However, his was a awfully unsuccessful style.
gas turbines ar the ability plant utilized in massive planes,  1824 - English engineer, prophet Brown
and piston engines still dominate the market in tiny planes. tailored Associate in Nursing previous
The adoption and continued use of the inner combustion Newcomen external-combustion engine to burn
engine in several application areas has resulted from its gas, and he used it to concisely power a vehicle
comparatively low value, favorable power to weight up Shooter's Hill in London.
magnitude relation, high potency, and comparatively  1858 - Belgian-born engineer, Jean Joseph
straightforward and strong operative characteristics. Etienne Lenoir invented and patented
The parts of a reciprocatory burning engine, block, piston, (1860) a double-acting, electric spark-ignition
valves, shaft and rod have remained essentially unchanged internal combustion engine fueled by coal gas. In
since the late 1800s. the most variations between a 1863, Lenoir attached an improved engine (using
contemporary day engine and one designed a hundred years petroleum and a primitive carburetor) to a three-
past ar the thermal potency and therefore the emission level. wheeled wagon that managed to complete an
for several years, burning engine analysis was geared toward historic fifty-mile road trip
up thermal potency and reducing noise and vibration. As a  1862 - Alphonse Beau de Rocha’s, a French
consequence, the thermal potency has redoubled from civil engineer, patented but did not build a four-

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 stroke engine (French patent #52,593, January 16,  Carriage) with this engine and a year later
1862). built the world's first four-wheeled motor vehicle.
 1864 - Austrian engineer, Siegfried Marcus, built  1886 - On January 29, Karl Benz received the
a one-cylinder engine with a crude carburetor, first patent (DRP No. 37435) for a gas-fueled car.
and attached his engine to a cart for a rocky  1889 - Daimler built an improved four-stroke
500-foot drive. Several years later, Marcus engine with mushroom-shaped valves and two V-
designed a vehicle that briefly ran at 10 mph that slant cylinders.
a few historians have considered as the  1890 - Wilhelm Maybach built the first four-cylinder,
forerunner of the modern automobile by being four-stroke engine.
the world's first gasoline-powered vehicle
 1873 - George Brayton, an American
engineer, developed an unsuccessful two-stroke SOLIDWORKS
kerosene engine (it used two external Solid Works is mechanical style automation software
pumping cylinders). However, it was package that takes advantage of the acquainted Microsoft
considered the first safe and practical oil engine. Windows graphical program.
 1866 - German engineers, Eugen Langen and A Solid Works model consists of elements, assemblies, and
Nikolaus August Otto improved on Lenoir's and drawings.
de Rochas' designs and invented a more efficient
gas engine. • Typically, we start with a sketch, produce a base
 1876 - Nikolaus August Otto invented and feature, then add a lot of options to the model. (One may
later patented a successful four-stroke engine, begin with associate foreign surface or solid geometry).
known as the "Otto cycle". • We ar liberal to refine our style by adding,
 1876 - The first successful two-stroke engine changing, or rearrangement options.
was invented by Sir Dougald Clerk. • Associativity between elements, assemblies, and
 1883 - French engineer, Edouard Delamare- drawings assures that changes created to 1 read ar
Debouteville, built a single-cylinder four- mechanically created to all or any different views.
stroke engine that ran on stove gas. It is not • We will generate drawings or assemblies at any
certain if he did indeed build a car, time within the style method.
however, Delamare-Debouteville's designs • The Solid Works software package lets United
were very advanced for the time - ahead of both States of America customise practicality to suit our desires.
Daimler and Benz in some ways at least on paper. Disadvantages:
 1885 - Gottlieb Daimler invented what is often 1. serious weight
recognized as the prototype of the modern gas 2. more noisy
engine - with a vertical cylinder, and with 3. less potency
gasoline injected through a carburetor 4. co’s ar discharged
(patented in 1887). Daimler first built a two- III gift WORK:
wheeled vehicle the "Reitwagen" (Riding by ever-changing the fabric in ic engine we are able to over

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come back the Dis benefits like serious weight, clangorous Crank shaft:
and fewer potency
Advantages:
1. our engine is a smaller amount weight
2. engine becomes less clangorous as a result of less weight.
3. engine becomes a lot of economical.

Design of inline cylinder engine:

Piston: Cylinder casing:

Connecting rod:

Crank case:

Cam shaft:

Oil sump:

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Assemble of inline 4 cylinder:

2. Building a model of the planning.

3. Testing the model within the field.

4. Evaluating the results of the sphere tests.

5. Modifying the planning supported the sphere take a

look at results.

SolidWorks Simulation is a design analysis system fully This method continues till a satisfactory answer is reached.
integrated with SolidWorks. SolidWorks Simulation Analysis will assist you accomplish the subsequent tasks:
provides simulation solutions for linear and nonlinear static,
frequency, buckling, thermal, fatigue, pressure vessel, drop • Reduce value by simulating the testing of your
test, linear and nonlinear dynamic, and optimization model on the pc rather than valuable field tests.
analyses. Powered by fast and accurate solvers, SolidWorks
Simulation enables you to solve large problems intuitively • Improve merchandise by quickly testing several
while you design. SolidWorks Simulation comes in two ideas and situations before creating a final judgment,
bundles: SolidWorks Simulation Professional and supplying you with longer to consider new styles.
SolidWorks Simulation Premium to satisfy your analysis
needs. SolidWorks Simulation shortens time to market by
saving time and effort in searching for the optimum design.

Piston:
simulation example
Benefits of Simulation:

After building your model, you wish to create certain that it

performs expeditiously within the field. within the absence
of study tools, this task will solely be answered by acting
valuable and long development cycles. A development cycle
usually includes the subsequent steps:

1. Building your model. Crankshaft:

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Structural analysis: Stress results:

Camshaft:

Displacement results:

Alloy steel:Piston:
Strainresults:

Crankshaft: 1060 alloy material

Stress

Cam shaft: Displacement results:

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Using a CAD tool called SOLIDWORKS “ FOUR

CYLINDER ENGINE ASSEMBLY “Straight In-Line order
is developed including few sub-assemblies. This assembly
consists few sub-assemblies they are Middle Crank Shaft,
Connecting Rod, Piston, Valves, Cam Shaft, Belt, Valve
Springs, crank case, oil tank, cylinder head spark plug. The
Strain results:
main objective of this project is to knowing of designing
process using CAD tool (SOLIDWORKS) and also
preparing components and assembly. This project is deals
with the Modeling and analysis of a Four Cylinder Engine
Assembly. And analysis is done using SOLIDWORKS
SIMULATION, using these software, Here we selected
different type of materials for every component which are
Results for structural analysis: (in Mpa)
developed in CAD tool. The materials are not existing
Material Piston Connecting rod material and materials are chosen which are better than
Von Max Min Max Min existing materials. The main objective of analysis is to
misses stress stress stress stress showing the heat transformations from one component to
stress another applying boundary conditions and thermal loads are
Alloy 0.44 0.00002 0.077 0.00003 applied and structural loads This process is done for
steel Cylinder Head, Inlet valves, Crank Shaft , piston
1060 0.42 0.00002 0.07 0.00003 components. The components having different materials.

aluminum These Analysis process is done in every manufacturing

industries before assembling (Individual component
alloy
Analysis).Why because this individual analysis is to decide
the capability of component before they going to work.
Results for thermal analysis:
material Piston crankshaft Cam shaft valve
Finally the materials which are chosen (not existing) are
Max. Min. Max Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. better in weight & thermal conduction.
[k] [k] [k] [k] [k] [k] [k] [k]
Alloy 800 754 800 372 800 557 800 610
steel
REFERENCES
1060 800 786 800 487 800 671 800 717
alloy  Colin R. Ferguson (1986), “Internal Combustion
Engine Applied Thermosciences”
 John B. Heywood (1988), “Internal Combustion
Conclusion: Internal Combustion engine is one of the most
Engine Fundamentals”
important inventions of the last
 Richard Stone (1999), “Introduction to Internal
Century. It has been developed in the late 1800s and
rd
from there on it has had a significant impact on our Combustion Engines” (3 edition)
society. It has been and will remain for foreseeable future a  Charles Fayette Taylor (1985), “The
vital and active area of engineer research. Internal Combustion Engine in the Theory

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 and Practice, Volume 1”

 Charles Fayette Taylor (1985), “The
Internal-Combustion Engine in the Theory
and Practice, Volume 2”
 J. H. Weaving (1990), “Internal Combustion
Engineering”
 Dimitrov L. (2001), “Principle of Mechanical
Engineering Design”
 Rowland S. Benson (1979), “Internal Combustion
Engines, Volume 2”
 Ricardo (1933), “The High-Speed Internal
Combustion Engine”
 Root (1932), “Dynamics of Engine and Shaft”
 McVey (1955), “Materials in Engine Design”
 SAE (1957) SP-148 “Crankshaft and rods, bearings,
pistons and piston rings”

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