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x]g]{ / g]kfnLh:tf ;an efiffnfO{ ;s];Dd /fhgLlts
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clg cflwsfl/s k|sfzsaf6 k|sflzt ePsf lstfa
/ cvaf/df e]l6g] pbfx/0faf6 k'li6 ug{} g;lsg]
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lgsfo, kf7\oqmd lgdf{tf, d"Nof+sgstf{ /lzIfsx¿n]
/ cl:y/ agfO{ /xs ] f] / k|rlnt ;+oQ' m Jo~hgsf] …gk] fnL efiff rflx“bg} Ú elg/xs ] f x'G5g\  . ub{f -s_ cEof;n]dfq l;lsg];+:st[ zAbx¿sf]
n]vfOnfO{ kmf]//]  sv/Ls/0f -cNkmfa]6fOh];g_ ub{} o;/L g]kfnL efiffsf lj/fw] Lx¿n] rflx“ hlt k|xf/ lxHh]d  f klg ljBfyL{sf]cfTdljZjf; a9\g ;Sg]u/L
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pkof]u ug{] 7f8f]lgb{z ] gk|lt c;xdlt, v08g, agfO/xs ] f 5g\, t/g]k fnL efiffnfO{ dfof ug{] //ft cEof;af6 dfq ;f]Rt}g;f]rL cfkm}“z'4 n]Vg kf/u+ t
pkxf; / lj/fw] u/s ] f ;dfrf/, n]v / kl/rr{fn] lbg o;}s  f]ljsf;df nflukg{x] ¿n]rflx“ 9+u gk'Ugfn] xf]Og] rLh xf], Tof] lgod ;f]r/]  l56\l56} n]Vg hflgg]
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t g]kfnL …efiff g} lauf/s ] f]Ú cf/fk] nufP/ ;'tf{ klg xf:of:kb / ljjfbu|:t agfO/xs ] f] b]lvG5  . g]kfnL ljåfg\‌x¿sf 3}6“ fdf 3fd nfu]s} 5}g  . dfG5]n] af]Nbf
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efiff lj1fgsf hGdbftf ;;'/
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o:tf] sf]sf]xf]nf] dRrfpg]x¿ w]/h
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n]Vg g;Sg] …ljåfg\Ú x¿sf] pTkfbg lzIff
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Tof] cfkm\g} lgodn] rN5, kl/jlt{g pgLx¿ ahfl/of xNnf a6'n/] cfkm"nfO{ k"0f{ 1fg ul//xs ] f 5g\  . o;nfO{ s;/L /fS] g] / ;'wf/ ug{<]
x'G5 / To;sf] lgoldttfnfO{ s;}n] ePsf] b]vfO/xs ] f 5g\  . o;/L yKk8L ahfpg]x¿ s]xL -v_ c+uh ]| L efiffsf]g;{/L k9\g] !) j6f ljBfyL{n]
cfkm"v; ' L rfx]/vNaNofpg ;Qm}g . t efiff lj1fg clns /fd|} hfGg]klg 5g\, t/cfkm\ klg Pp6f zAbsf] lxHh] Ps}gf;sf] n]V5g\, t/ g]kfnL
dfwjk|;fb kf]v/]n ;;'/sf]To; l;4fGtaf6 s]a'lemG5 gf] :jfy{n] ubf{ cyjf s;}n] cf]u6]sf] ;/sf/L s';L{sf] efiffsf k|fWofksx¿ klg Psgf;sf]g]kfnL n]Vg
eg]s'g} ljåfg\ jf d"vn { ] ;kfg{ 8fx u//] a'em krfP/} ltgLx¿ o;}eL8df ldl;Psf c;kmntfsf] k/Dk/fdf klg c+uh ]| Lsf] t'ngfdf g]kfnL ljb]zL efiffd}/fVg]kfv08nfO{ sfod ug{ l9kL ug{] ;Qm}gg\  . of] a]lylt s;/L 6'U+ ofpg]<
rfx\of]eg]klg efiffnfO{ ;kfg{ b]lvG5g\  . efiff l;sfpg sd dxŒj lbg]lghL ljBfnox¿ ljBfno ;~rfnsx¿sf]gfd g]kfnL efiff laufg{d] f -u_ lxHh]df ljrng /v]nf“rL ug{ 5'6 lbO/lxof]
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;ls“bg}   . To;}n] cfsfz v:g nfUof] eg]/ x'l66\ofp“ /laufg{] k|k~r klg of]d'ns ' sf g]kfnL efiffnfO{ g]kfnLx¿nfO{ yfxf 5}g /< g]kfnL efiffnfO{ x]Kg]/ lqe'jg ljZjljBfnodf clwsf+z ljifosf] k|efljt x'G5g\, To;}n] lxHh] kl/jt{g s;}sf] nx8sf]
b'O{ v'§f yfk]/ pQfgf] k//]  rgfvf] eP/ lgbfpg ;s]g dft[efiffsf] ¿kdf af]Ng]x¿n] / ljBfno, sn]h cjd"Nog ug{] lzIff k|0ffnLsf]g]k fnL efiff laufg{ s'g} sIff g]kfnL dfWoddf k9fOG5, t/cz'4 eP klg ljifo xf]Og, Jofks ;xdltaf6 dfq rNg'kg{] s'/f] xf] .
eg], Tof]x'l66\ofp“sf];d:of xf] . g]kfnL efiff g s'g} / ljZjljBfnod} nflukg{x] ¿n] ul//xs ] f 5g\, t/ xft 5}g xf]nf< k|Zgkqrflx“ c+uh ]| Ld}x'G5 . c+uh ]| Ldf k|Zgkq ;f]lwg] -3_ c¿ k|sfzg ;+:yfx¿n]em}“kf7\oqmd ljsf;
kl08tn] cfkm\g} nx8n] lxHh] kl/jt{g ub{d} f ;lk|G5 ;/sf/L s';L{ cf]u6\gx] ¿n] …gk] fnL efiff lauf/Ú]  eg]/ 3/d} dft[efiff g]kfnL efiff /fd|f] af]Ng ljifosf w]/h } ;f]u'?x¿nfO{ t c+uh ]| L dfWoddf dfq} s]Gb|n] klg cfkm\gf] ;+:yfsf k|sfzgx¿sf] a]Un} z}nL
g cg]s nfna'emSs8x¿ ;u/ v:g] eof] eg]/ 8fsf] 5f]8g\ x] ¿ cfkm}n + ] g]kfnL efiff laufg{ / v;fNg hfGg]x¿nfO{ dfq pTs[i6 c+s Nofpg ;lhnf]kg{] k9fpg kfp“5f}+ eg]/ clgjfo{ u/L lbof] eg], pgLx¿n] k'l:tsf agfpg ;S5, t/To;af6 ljBfyL{x¿ kf7\
tl;{b+ d} f /ptl;{b+ d } f lau|G5 . lbgx'“ lbnf]Hofgn] nfluk/s ] f] rflx“ b]Vt}gg\  . cfkm\ …clgjfo{ g]kfnLÚ sf] kf7\ok':ts g} clxn];Dd h'g;'s} ls lj/fw] ug{k' 5{ ls ljZjljBfno 5f]8 g\ k' 5{ . g]kfnL ok':t s aflx/sf ;fdu|L k9\g] g;Sg]/ufx|f] dfGg]
efiffnfO{ kl/jt{g ug{ ;ls“bg} eGg];;'/sf] gf] cfªsf] e}; “ L gb]Vg], csf{sf] cfªsf] h'df| ] l6Kg dft[efiff af]Ng] kl/jf/sf s]6fs]6Lx¿nfO{ Pp6} dfWoddf k9fpg x'g,] k9\g x'g,] pQ/n]Vg x'g,] gxf]pg\ eGg] s'/f] klg x]Ssf /fVg'k5{  .
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cfw'lgs j0f{ Jofs/0fsf hGdbftf kf]NofG8sf rLg, hfkfg /k|mfG;df ljb]zL /fi6«fWoIf / g]kfnLÚ/fVg]rng 5 . klxnf]efiffsf]¿kdf g]k fnL c+uh ]| L / g]kfnL b'j} dfWod x'gk' g{] xf]Og< sf7df8f}s “ f PsfGt sf]7fdf lxHh]kl/jt{g ug{]
efiff j}1flgs a'bp“ b s'tg{ ] -!()% O{_ n]?;L ;/sf/kd| v ' cfkm\gf]d'ns ' df cfP klg cfkm\gf af]Ng]x¿nfO{ klg l;Sg cK7\of/f] g]kfnL efiffsf] c+uh]| L efiffsf] of] lg/ys { k;n rln/xs ] f] nx8afhLn]ef/t, e'6fg, DofGdf//ljZjsf ljleGg
;fd|fHosf dft[efiffx¿nfO{ ;dfg Jojxf/u//]  /fi6«fWoIf / ;/sf/kd| v ' ljb]zdf uP klg cf}krfl/s kf7\ok':ts g};a}dft[efiff ePsf g]kfnLx¿nfO{ lj/fw] ug{ g;Sg]g]kfnL /fhgLlts bn /ltgLx¿sf 7fp“df 5l/Psf g]kfnLx¿sf] g]kfnL n]vfO k|efljt
ljsf; ug{ ;lsG5 eGg]efiff of]hgfsf]cjwf/0ff sfo{qmddf cfkm\g} /fi6« efiffsf]k|of]u ul/G5 / clgjfo{ agfp“bf csf]{ dft[efiff af]Ng] kl/jf/sf] ar/fx¿ g]kfnL efiffrflx“ w]/ eof] eg]/ lj/fw] x'G5, To;}n] o:tf Psnsf“6] v]nf“rLx¿df /fs ]
NofPsf lyP .?;L efiffdf n]lvPsf]s'tg{ s ] f]Tof] ljb]zLnfO{ a'emfpg bf]efif]sf] k|of]u ul/G5  . g]kfnsf ljBfyL{n] a/fa/ dfqfdf k|ult ug{ ;Qm}g eGg] s'/fsf] ul//xs ] f 5g\  . g]kfns} P]g, sfg'g / ;+ljwfg nufpg'k5{ .
ljrf/;;'/n  ] k9\g kfPsf lyPgg\, t/efiffnfO{ g]tfx¿n]Tof]l;Stf x'b“ g}  . cem ef/tsf g]tf cfp“bf x]Ssf /fVg ;s]sf] kfO“bg}   . k9fPsf] /fd|/L ga'lemg] agfpg]x¿ g]kfndf g]kfnL efiff rflx“bg} , a? -r_ g]=s=z'=n]=n] :yflkt u/s ] f] dfgsnfO{ kfng
kl/jt{g ug{ ;ls“bg} eGg];;'/sf]l;4fGt / /xfd|f g]tf ef/tdf hf“bf xfd|f g]tfn]lxGbL lsg /a/fa/ldlxg]t ub{f klg ldlxg]tsf]dfqfdf c+s g]kfnL efiffsf] ;f6f] cs{} ljb]zL efiffsf] bhf{ e/;s u//]  n]lvPsf z'4 zAbx¿nfO{ klg ljsNksf] Joj:yf
efiffnfO{ of]hgfcg';f/ljsf; ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] af]Ng] u/s ] f]< lxGbL g]kfnsf] /fi6« efiff jf g]kfnn] Nofpg g;lsg]/c;kmn eOg]8/bf];  f| ] efiffsf] dflyNnf], geP klg sDtLdf a/fa/Lsf] xf];\ eg]/ u//]  …gk] fnL a[xt\ zAbsf]zÚ -@)$)_ n] k|ljli6 lbP/
s'tg{ s ] f] l;4fGt k/:k/ afem]sf] b]lvG5  . ;f]leot cf}krfl/s ¿kdf pNn]v u/s ] f] cGt/fl{ i6«o efiff xf] ¿kdf g]k fnL af]Ng]/l;Sg]ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ x'G5 . g]k fnL efiffsf]bhf{ v;fNg 9'u+ f xflg/xs ] f 5g\ . Gofo u/s ] f]lyof] . To;f]ubf{ g]kfnL efiffdf
;+3aGg'eGbf klg cufl8 n]lgg -!(!# O{_ n]lk6:au{ /< o;/L Psflt/ bf];f| ] efiffsf] ¿kdf g]kfnL l;Sg]x¿sf g]kfnsf] ;+;b\df P]g sfg'g agfpg]x¿sf] Tof] /fu] n]lvPsf] h'g;'s} zAb klg kf7sn] sf]zdf e]§fpg
ljZjljBfnosf k|fWofks s'tg{ s ] f] Tof] ljrf/af6 lghL ljBfno /dxfljBfnosf dfWodaf6 clxn] aLrdf g]kfnL ljifo cnf]slk|o x'g' :jfefljs xf]Og g]kfnL efiff laufg{] /fu] xf] ls xf]Og< ;Sg]l:ylt lyof] . To;sf]dd{ ga'emL lxHh]d f
k|efljt eP/efiff gLlt /efiff of]hgfsf]cfkm\ g]kfndf clgjfo{ c+uh ]| L lzIffsf k;nx¿ v'ns ] f /< bf];f| ] efiff af]Ng]x¿sf aLr g]kfnL efiffnfO{ g]k fnL jfSodf cfuGt's efiffsf zAbx¿ 5\ kl/jt{g ub{f /ljsNk x6fOlb“bf Tof]sf]z g]kfnL
gf]wf/0ff ;fj{hlgs u/] clg ;f]leot ;+3 ag]kl5 5g\ . w]/h } ;f]rflx“ ljBfnoeGbf c+uh ]| L efiffsf k;n cnf]slk|o agfpg] kl/kf6Lsf] lhDd]jf/ sf] xf]nf< of;ld; kf//] cfkm\gf];fdflhs bhf{ dfly ePsf] efiffsf ;a}kf7s /n]vssf];femf sf]z x'g ;s]g .
-!(!( O{_ ;f]leot ?;sf * jif{bl] v %) jif{sf] ePsfn]Toxf“ cfbz{ c+uh ]| L efiff t l;sfO“bg} , t/ To; kl/kf6Laf6 sfod ePsf]cGofoaf6 d'lQm lbg b]vfpg]tkfO{–+ xfdL g]kfnL efiff laufg{d] f k5f}+{ls o;/L …gk] fnL a[xt\ zAbsf]zÚ sf] k|efj / nf]slk|otf
pd]/sf ;a}n] cfkm\gf cfkm\g} dft[efiffdf ;fIf/ / To:tf w]/h } ;f] ljBfnox¿df ljBfyL{x¿n] g]kfnL …klxnf] efiffsf] ¿kdf g]kfnLÚ, …bf];f| ] efiffsf] ¿kdf kb{g} f} +< dft[efiffsf]¿kdf g]kfnL af]Ng]slt 7fn"x¿ 36\t} hfG5 .
qmdzM lzlIft x'g] efiff gLlt /efiff of]hgf agfP/ af]n] eg];hfo lbOG5 . af]nL klg /fd|f] km'l6g;s]sf g]kfnLÚ / …;a}sf] g]kfnLÚ sf aLrdf lzIffzf:q t g]kfnL af]ln/xs ] f a]nfdf cfwf pkjfSo g]kfnL -5_ …gk] fnL a[xt\ zAbsf]zÚ s'g} Pp6f ;+:yfsf]
cfkm\gf]efiff of]hgfsf]cleofg yfn] . kl/0ffd s] s]6fs]6Lx¿nfO{ cfkm\gf]dft[efiff af]Ng klg glbO{ /efiff lj1fgsf cfwf/df s]tflŒjs km/s 5 / cfwf pkjfSo c+uh ]| L -…t“ hfG5;\ eg], cfO{ xØfe …zn } L k'l:tsfÚ xf]Og, ;du| g]kfnL n]vs /
eof] eg], n]lggsf] hLjgsfnd} -cy{ft\ kf“r jif{leqd}_ gSsnL c+uh ]| L l;Sg afWo kfl/g] To:tf ljBfnoaf6 s;/L g]kfnL efiffsf] k7gkf7gnfO{ x/s ] ldlxg]t gf]p k|fA] ndÚ/ …Okm o' uf]p, dnfO{ ;d:of 5}g_ kf7sx¿sf] ;femf b:tfj]h ePsfn] Oltxf;sf] ;a}
% k|ltzteGbf sd ;fIf/ePsf dWoPl;ofsf lg:ss ] f xfd|f cfkm\g} 3/–3/sf s]6fs]6Lx¿ kz'kltdf ug{] ljBfyL{n] ldlxg]tsf] cg'kftdf w]/ ldlxg]t ug{n ] ] ld;fp“5g\ . …dn } ] t nfOkmdf Ps j8{ Oª\ln; klg r/0fsf dfgs k|of]u u//]  n]lvPsf] lxHh]n] Toxf“
sltko dft[efiffdf ;fIf/tf (% k|ltzteGbf a9\ af“b/ lrGg'eGbf klxn] dª\sL lrGg ;Sg] / …/8] w]/} c+s Nofpg ;Sg] / ldlxg]t gug{] ljBfyL{n] yf]/ o'h u/s ] f] 5}gÚ eGg] lsl;dsf] Sjf“6L g]kfnL af]Ng h:tfsf] t:t} 7fp“ kfpg'k5{  . JolQmsf] nx8cg';f/sf]
tf k'us ] f] n]lggn] b]v ] . efiff of]hgfsf] n]lggsf] sn/nfO{ g]kfnLdf s] eG5g\Ú eg]/ ;f]Wg] eO/xs ] f c+s Nofpg]kl/kf6L NofP/k|efjsf/L agfpg]eGg] hfg]sfdf uj{ ug{x] ¿n] c+uh ]| L af]ns ] f a]nfdf klg k|:tfj s'g} :jtGq n]vdf jf cfkm\g} lstfadf k|of]u
;kmntfsf] k|df0fn] ;/sf/n] rfx\of] eg], kf“r jif{d} 5g\ . o:tf]kl/kf6L /ef“8e}nf]sfod ePsf]lzIff lrGtgsf]sdLaf6 g]kfnL efiffnfO{ xflg k'us ] f]5 ls g]k fnL zAb To;}u/L 5\of;ld; u5{g\ t < g]kfnL ug{rflx“ ldN5 .
klg s'g} efiffdf cfzftLt k|ult /ljsf; ug{ k|0ffnL g]kfnL efiff laufg{] a]lylt k|k~r xf]Og< of] 5}g< bf];f| ] efiffsf] ¿kdf g]kfnL l;Sg] ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ efiff lauf/s ] fdf lkmqmL ugf{sf];f6f]uj{ ug{] tL -h_ cfwf/et" u|Gyx¿sf]lxHh]g]kfnL efiffsf]
;lsG5 eGg]b]lvG5 . uPsf]@) jif{leqdf kk'cf k|k~rdf xfd|f] ;/sf/;fd]n ePsf]5 ls 5}g< dfq xf]O g, klxnf]efiffs}¿kdf 3/df g]kfnL af]Ng] …bz
] eQmÚ x¿n] hfgfhfg g]kfnL efiff laufl//xs ] f Jofks k|sfzg ;~hfndf b]Vg};lsPg eg], ljBfyL{
Go' lugLsf emG8}()) j6f dft[efiffx¿dWo]w]/h } ;f] c¿n] g]kfnL efiff lauf/] eg]/ cf}n “ f] 78\ofp“b} lx“8g\ ] ljBfyL{x¿s}klg cfkm\gf]dft[efiffsf]Ifdtfdf k"0f{ 5}gg\< g]kfnL efiffsf]k9fOdf b'Anfp“5 .
dft[efiffdf k|fylds txsf]lzIff lbg ;lsof] . o;/L xfdLx¿ g}cfkm\g} ;Gtfgsf]g]kfnL efiff laufg{] ljsf; geO{ ljBfnodf g]kfnL efiff af]Ng xtf]T;flxt slt ;~rf/dfWodn]klg g]kfnL efiff -em_ lxHh];dfh efiff lj1fgsf]ljifo xf] . s'g}
;f]leot ;+3 /kk'cf Go' lugLsf]efiff of]hgfsf] pBf]udf ePe/sf] y}nL l/TofP/ nfluk/s ] f 5}gf} + < u//]  g;{/L txb]lv clgjfo{ c+uh ]| L l;sfpg] rngn] laufl//xs ] f 5g\, h:t} …eGbfÚ lagfsf kbfjnL -tLg efiffsf] k/Dk/fdf rNb} cfPsf] lxHh]nfO{ dflg;x¿n]
;kmntfsf] cg'ejn] ;;'/sf] l;4fGtdf s]xL kl/dfh{g ;f]leot ?; k'us ] f s'g} klg ljb]zL ljBfyL{x¿ g]kfnL efiffnfO{ lauf/s ] f] jf cf3ft k¥'‍ ofPsf] 5}g< ;o a9L dfcf]jfbL d/_] …n] ubf{Ú -em/Ln] ubf{ lxnf] cfkm\gf] ;+:sl[ tsf] d"Nojfg\ j:t' 7fG5g\, To;}n]
ug{k' g{] b]lvPsf] 5  . b; dlxgf l;s]sf]?;L efiffsf e/df ?;L efiffd} cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ sDtLdf cfkm" hlQs} g]kfnL eof]_ sf] ;f6f] …sf sf/0fÚ -em/Lsf sf/0f lxnf] eof]_, To;nfO{ kl/jt{g u/s ] f] ;x“bg} g\  . ;+:sl[ tdf h]
g]k fnsf emG8}!)) j6f dft[efiffx¿ ;/sf/sf] kLPr8Lsf]y]l;; n]Vg ;Sy] . To;/L g}Ps jif{d} efiff /g]kfnL ;+:s  l[ tsf]dd{ hfGg]agfpg ?lr …rfn" eof]Ú -oftfoft rfn" eof]_ eGg] ;f6f] …;r ' f? gldNbf]x'G5, To;}n  ] a9\tf dfg kfpg]k|jl[ Q x'G5 .
ljj]s gk'u/]  nf]k eO/xs ] f 5g\ / qmdzM cl3Nnf h'g;'s} k|of]hgk/s ljb]zL efiff af]Ng / n]Vg ;Sg] g/fVg] cleefjsx¿n] g]kfnL efiff laufg{ ;xof]u eof]Ú-oftfoft ;'rf? eof]_ . cf]s + f/nfO{ dflg;x¿ uf“7f] kf/s ] } dg k/fp“5g\, …>LÚ
k':tflt/ ;l//xs ] f 5g\  . /fhgLlts bnx¿;“u agfPsf efiff lzIf0f k|ljlwsf pbfx/0f ljZjel/5g\, k¥'‍ ofPsf] s;}nfO{ x]Ssf 5< c+uh ]| L lzIffsf] u'0f:t/ 3f]/ cj}1flgs lxHh] ePsf] c+uh ]| Lrflx“ PskN6 sf]ljsNk lxHh];xg dfG5]n  fO{ ufx|f] x'G5, To;}n]
cfkm"lt/sfo{stf{ /dtbftf cfslif{t ug{] vf]qmf t/g]kfndf rflx“ g]kfnL efiffnfO{ eGbf cToGt w]/} a9fpg]gfp“df ljBfnoleq g]kfnL efiff af]Nof]eg], klg uNtL ug{ ljBfyL{nfO{ 5'6 glbO{ cEof;af6 hlt lgod, ;/ntf /j}1  flgstfsf]jsfnt u/] klg,
gf/f /hgtf em'Sofpg]sfo{qmdsf]sljtf kf7 ug{] dxŒj lbP/emG8}!^ jif{;Dd clgjfo{ efiffsf ¿kdf bl08t ug{] kfv08 g]kfnsf w]/} ljBfnoleq sfod z'4 n]Vg afgL kf/s ] f] b]vL–b]vL klg c+uh ]| LeGbf k|of]ust{fx¿n] ;x]gg\ eg], Tof] lxHh] dfGo x'b“ g}   .
uf]/vwGbfeGbf n]lgg / kk'cf Go' lugLsf] h:tf] 7f]; c+uh ]| L k9fP/ klg c+uh ]| L af]Ng ;Sg] :gftsx¿ 5 . ltgLx¿sf]gfd g]kfnL efiff laufg{d] f cfpg'kg{] slteGbf slt xf]slt j}1flgs lxHh]n]Vg ;lsg] dWod dfu{ cyjf s'g} ljj]sk"0f{ dfu{ /fH] g' cfjZos
of]hgfsf];fdfGo 1fg b]lvPsf]5}g . pgLx¿n];Sg] oxf“sf]lzIff ;+oGqn]pTkfbg ug{ ;s]sf]5}g . o:tf] xf]ls xf]O g< g]k fnsf ljBfnosf]gfp“ ljb]zL / b]jgfu/L lnlk k|of]u ul/g] g]kfnL efiffsf] lxHh]rflx“ x'G5 .

k[i7 s af6
cf“vf lrDn]/ ljZjf; ug{ ;St}gf},+ lsgls of] kq :jo+
h+uaxfb'/n] lbPsf] ljj/0fcg';f/ tof/ ul/Psf] lyof]  .
36gfsf] csf]{ ljj/0f :jo+ nIdLb]jLn] cfkm\gf klt
cfkm"nfO{ ;'/lIft dx;'; ug{ ;s]gg\, lsgls
a:gt] x¿sf] ;xof]u lnO{ nIdLb]jL h+uaxfb'/lj?4 if8\
oGq ub}{ lyOg\  . :d/0fLo 5, cfkm\gf] kl/jf/sf Ho]i7
ef/bf/x¿ t h+uaxfb'/n] 7"nf] kmf}h k7fPsf] yfxf
kfpg]lalQs} /fh]Gb|sf] ;fy 5f8L ;Ldfkfl/ eflu;s]sf
lyP . of]36gf lj;+ !()$ ebf}dlxgfsf]xf] .
dg k/s ] L /fgLsf] c7f/dlxg] 5f]/fnfO{ /fhf
agfPkl5 g]kfndf u[xo'4 ePsf] lyof]  . o:tf]
Oltxf;sf] kf7 la;L{ nIdLb]jLn] o'j/fh ;'/G] b|sf]
/fh]Gb|nfO{ n]vs
] f] kqdf lbPsL 5g\ h;df xTofsf08sf] dlxnfsf] d[To' ePsfn] a:gt] x¿ sf]tdf ;fd]n ePsf sf]t, e08f/vfn / cnf} kj{af6 h+uaxfb'/ ;j]; { jf{ clwsf/ vf];L cfkm\g} 5f]/fnfO{ /fhf agfpg vf]Hbf

Oltxf;sf] ===
cfkm\gf] lk|o kfqsf] xTofaf6 nIdLb]j LnfO{
;Dk"0f{ bf]if h+uaxfb'/ / pgsf ;xof]uL ljho/fh
kl08tdfly nufOPsf]5 . kqs}zAbx¿df …hg/n
uugl;+nfO{ 5fgfaf6 uf]ln rnfO dfGof{ sf]xf]sof
lj/fp“n] dfl/of] dfg{ ;Nnfxdf k:GofnfO{ / dfGof{nfO{
lyPgg\ /pgLx¿ aRg ;kmn ePsf lyP . cfkm"lj?4
if8\oGq eO/xs ] f] rfn kfO{ h+uaxfb'/n] a:gt] x¿nfO{
o'j/fh ;'/G] b|sf zq' 3f]lift u/L /fh]Gb|s} cfb]zcg';f/
a:gt] ef/bf/x¿sf] xTof u/fP h;nfO{ e08f/vfn kj{
zf;s dfq} ePgg\, pgn] cfkm\gf] kl/jf/sf] ;fdflhs
:t/ klg dfly p7fP  . /fhf ;'/G] b|sf] nfndf]x/åf/f pgL
/ pgsf] kl/jf/n] …/f0ffÚ sf] bhf{ kfP / To;sf] pkof]u
ub}{ h+uaxfb'/n] /fhkl/jf/;u“ j}jflxs ;DaGw klg
sf]tkj{ x'g uPsf] xf]  .
hxf“;Dd sf]tkj{ / To;kl5sf 36gfx¿n]
g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf s] kl/jt{g Nofof] eGg] k|Zg 5,
lgZro klg o;n] gf} jif{bl] v JofKt /fhgLlts cGof]n
7"nf] rf]6 k'Uof] / pgn] xTof/f kQf nufpg ;a} 7x/fO kqmg'k5{ elg d}n] / xh'/af6 x'sd' jls; dlgG5  . of] 36gf sf]tsf] xTofsf08sf] $% lbgkl5 hf]8 ] . /fhf;/xsf] kbjL kfpg] nfn;fn] h+uaxfb'/nfO{ / clglZrttfsf] cGt u¥of]  . o;nfO{ sf]tkj{sf]
ef/bf/x¿nfO{ t'?Gt} sf]tdf xflh/ x'g cfb]z lbOg\  . dfGof{ dflg;sf] iff]lh x'g nfUofsf] lyof] t];} jifTdf ePsf] lyof] / o; 36gfkl5 h+uaxfb'/n] nIdLb]jLnfO{ 5f]8s] f] lyPg  . lj;+= !(!# df k|wfgdGqL kb 5f]8s ] f] ;sf/fTds kIfsf]¿kdf lnP tfklg csf]{k|Zg p7\5—
s]xL 3G6fleq} ef/bf/x¿ sf]tdf hDdf t eP  . t/ xfldx¿ ;a} al; sf};n ul/ Tof] dfGof{ dflg;nfO{ b]z lgsfnf u/s ] f lyP  . ;fy} h+uaxfb'/n] k|wfgdGqLsf] gf6s u/L pgL dxf/fh ag]  . t/ c+uh ]| ;/sf/n] pQm cflv/ g]kfnn] sf]tkj{af6 kfof] s]  < o;sf] :ki6
xTof/f kQf nufpgfsf] ;f6f] ef/bf/x¿aLr df/sf6 7x/fp“5f}+xh'/x¿  ;'sn' f ug{ kfj nfUg' xj;\ elg kbjL klg kfP . kbnfO{ /fhsLo dfGotf glbPkl5 h+uaxfb'/n] k'gM pQ/x'G5 Ps ztfAbLsf]tfgfzfxL /f0ff zf;g, h'g
;'? eO{ h+uaxfb'/ / pgsf ;xof]uLx¿afx]s cGo ljho/fh k+l8tn] / h+uaxfb'/n] wf]iffsf] lj+lt kfbf{ d nIdLb]jL;“u} /fh]Gb| klg agf/; uPkl5 h+uaxfb'/ k|wfgdGqL xTofP /dxf/fh k|wfgdGqL kbaf6 lje"lift sf]tkj{ k"js { f] gf} jif{sf] /fhgLlts cl:y/tfeGbf b;f}+
;a}h;f] ef/bf/x¿n] cfkm\gf] Hofg u'dfP  . sf]tleq sf]7l/leq u`f xh'/ bjf{/ t/km kfj nfUg' eof] t];} emg\ zlQmzfnL eP / pgn] cg'sn " l:yltsf] l;h{gf eP  . sf]tkj{af6 ;'? ePsf] /f0ffx¿sf] hxflgof“ zf;g u'0ff xflgsf/s l;4 eof]  . o;sf] cGTosf nflu g]kfnL
ePsf] xTofsf08 ePsfn] o;nfO{ sf]tkj{ elgG5  . ljrdf h+uaxfb'/n] cfkm t}gfly kN6gsf kul/ x'2f u/L ;'/G] b|nfO{ ljlwjt\ ¿kdf g]kfnsf] gof“ /fhf !)$ jif{;Dd sfod /x\of]/lj;+= @))& df ePsf] hgtfn] nfdf] ;+3if{ ug'k{ ¥of] / 7"nf] alnbfg lbg'k¥of]  .
sf]tleqsf] xTofsf08af/] ljleGg wf/0ff cufl8 l;kflxx¿af6 3]/f lb x'n ul/ ef/bf/x¿nfO{ df¥ofsf] 3f]lift u/ ] . ptf agf/;df h+uaxfb'/åf/f wkfOPsf !)$ lbgs} hgcfGbf]ngn] o;sf] cGt u¥of]  . cfhsf] o'udf /fhgLlts :yfloTjsf] gfddf PstGqLo
cfPsf 5g\  . t/ xfdL b'Oj{ 6f k/:k/ lj/fw] L wf/0ffsf] / ltg}sf hfxfg aRrf / c¿nfO{ klg wkfofsf] jf efUg ;kmn ePsf ef/bf/x¿n] /fh]Gb|nfO{ g]kfn elgG5, Oltxf; eg]sf] ctLt / jt{dfgaLrsf] Joj:yf slxNo} :jLsfo{ x'b“ g}   .
dfq} ljj]rgf ub{5f} + . pQm 36gfsf] ^ dlxgfkl5 cyf{t\ Joxf]/f ;a} xh'/df hflx/} 5 c¿ dflg; klg ;a} kmsL{ zf;g k'gM sAhf ug{ bafa lbO/x]sf  lyP . c6'6 ;+jfb xf]h;n]pHHjn eljio lgdf{0fdf ;xof]u cfh b]zleq JofKt /fhgLlts
lj;+ !()# r}tdf g]kfnl:yt la|l6; /l] h8]G6 yf]/:jn ] ] hfGb}5g\===  .Ú To;dfly cfkm" 5“bf5“b} cfkm\gf 5f]/f ;'/G] b|nfO{ /fhf u5{ . Oltxf;af6 kf7 l;sL cufl8 a9\g] xf]eg] cl:y/tf÷clglZrttfn] g]kfnnfO{ stf n}hfg] xf]
36gfsf] lj:tt[ ljj/0f c+uh ]| ;/sf/ 5]p k7fPsf nIdLb]jLsf] o; ljj/0fdfly z+sf ug]{ 7fp“ t 3f]lift u/s] f] va/n] t /fhf lgs} qmf]lwt eP  . pgn] Tof] b]zsf] eljio pHHjn x'G5  . xf]Og eg] Oltxf; s;}nfO{ yfxf 5}g  . g]kfnLx¿n] cem slt b'Mv ef]Ug'kg]{
5g\ h;df xTofsf08sf] ;Dk"0f{ bf]if nIdLb]jLdfly cjZo klg 5 . t/Pp6f lglZrt s'/f s]5 eg] Pp6f ;fgf] kmf}hsf] lgdf{0f u/] / s]xL ef/bf/x¿;lxt af/Daf/ bf]xf]l//xG5 / o;af6 /fi6«n] g} 7"nf] Iflt xf] of] klg s;}nfO{ yfxf 5}g  . clg Tof]eGbf klg
nufOPsf 5g\ . uugl;+xsf]xTof/f kQf nufpg] sf]tleq ePsf] xTofsf08df h+uaxfb'/ / pgsf g]kfnsf] ;Ldfleq k|jz ] u/ ] . kmf}h;lxt /fh]Gb| a]xf]gk{' g]{ x'G5  . uDeL/ k|Zg o:t} l:ylt nfdf] ;do;Dd /xo\ f] eg]
/fgLsf] x7s} sf/0f pQm xTofsf08 ePsf] eGg] ;xof]uLafx]s c¿ ;a}h;f] ef/bf/x¿ dfl/Psf lyP  . g]kfntkm{ cfPsf] yfxf kfpg]lalQs} h+uaxfb'/n] 7"nf] cfhsf] l:yltdf sf]tkj{sf] JofVof ubf{ xfdLn] b]zdf csf]{ sf]tkj{ x'g5 ] eGg]af/] zf;g ;~rfng
/l] h8]G6sf] 7x/ 5  . ;fy} s'g} lg0f{o lbg g;Sg] egL o;af6 h+uaxfb'/n] sf]tleqsf] l:ylt cfkm\gf] cg'sn " kmf}h To;tkm{ k7fP  . g]kfnsf] ;Ldf glhs} cnf} Oltxf;n] lbPsf] ;Gb]znfO{ la;{gx' G' g  . ljutdf ug]{JolQmx¿ a]n}df ;hu x'g' cTofjZos 5 . gq
/fh]Gb|sf] klg cfnf]rgf ul/Psf] 5  . lsgls sf]tleq agfO{ xTosf08 u/fPsf] tYo :ki6} b]lvG5  . eGg]7fp“df b'O{ kmf}haLr dfd'nL le8Gt eof]h;df ul/Psf ;xL lg0f{osf] cg';/0f ug]{ tyf unt gLltnfO{ pgLx¿nfO{ Oltxf;n] ;w}+ lwSsfg]5 {   . Oltxf;af6 kf7
tgfjsf] jftfj/0f k}bf ePs} cj:yfdf /fhf sf]taf6 sf]tkj{kl5 h+uaxfb'/ d'lVtof/ ag] / pgnfO{ /fh]Gb|sf] kmf}h ;lhn} k/flht eof] / /fh]Gb| :jo+ TofUg]Ifdtf zf;g rnfpg]JolQmx¿df x'gk' 5{ . gl;Sg] xfd|f /fhg]tfx¿nfO{ eujfg\n] ;'al' 4 k|bfg
aflx/ lg:ss ] f lyP  . yf]/:js
] f] of] egfOnfO{ xfdL sDofG8/ Og lrkmsf] kbjL klg lbOof]  . t/ pgn] s}bLsf] ¿kdf sf7df8f}+ NofOP  . pgnfO{ psf:g] /0faxfb'/ zfxn] cfkm\gf] h]7f] 5f]/fsf] clwsf/ vf];L u¿g\ .

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