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rrf{ /fhgLlts Ph]08f dfq /x]sf] pk]Gb| ofbjn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] l/hfnn] /fv]sf lyP . …d}n] s'g} nfdf] ;do jfdcfGbf]ngdf pgn] cufl8 eg], ‘of] ;/sf/ x'bF g} . lgodg h?/L 5 . lgoGq0f clwjQmf ofdk|;fb kf}8]nn] emnsk|;fb ltjf/Ln] u/] .
pgsf] egfO lyof] . k|lqmof g} unt /x]sf] atfP . …of] klg ;+ljwfgnfO{ b'lgofFsf] pTs[i6 latfpg' eof], Pn] u}/sDo'lgi6 rnfpg] gfnfosLkgsf] kl/0ffd cfjZos 5}g . ;fdflhs ;~hfn @! cf}+ ztfAbL ;"rgf / k|ljlwsf] dfgjclwsf/ tyf
oBlk, ;+ljwfg c;+zf]wgLo lrh ;+ljwfg ;efsf] dGrnfO{ k|of]u ;+ljwfg eGg ;lSbgF . s'g} klg kf6L{ vf]Ng] s'/f ug'{ x'G5 . o;n] xf] . ljw] o sdf ;/sf/sf] dfgjclwsf/d}qL x'g'kb{5 .Ú o'u ePsf] pNn]v u/] . pgn] zflGt ;dfhn] ljw] o snfO{
gePsf] pgsf] egfO 5 . ;+ljwfg u/]/ 3f]if0ff dfq ul/Psf] xf] . ;+ljwfg pTs[i6 x'Fb}g,Ú pgsf] g]kfnsf] afdkGyL cfGbf]ngnfO{ cg'xf/ 5n{Ë b]lvG5 . PsLs[t /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ ;fdflhs ;~hfnn] ubf{ dfgjclwsf/ Pj+ k|of]ustf{d}qL
ultzLn b:tfj]h ePsfn] o;nfO{ ;+ljwfg ;efn] agfPsf] xf]Og . syg lyof] . 6]jf k'U5 < egL kqsf/sf] ;dfhjfbLnufot bn km'6fP/ cfof]u u08sL k|b]z k|d'v gLt' gsf/fTds xfjL ePsfn] lgodg agfpg b]zJofkL cleofg ;+rfng
;d[4 agfpFb} n}hfg cfjZos rf/kfFr hgf n]vgbf;x? a;] sfo{ q md ;xhLs/0f ljg' k| Z gdf pgn] To:tf] hjfkm ljw] o s kf; ug] { WofpGgdf u8\tf}nfn] ;fdflhs ;~hfn h?/L /x]sf] atfP . s]z' e'h]nn] ul//x]sf] 5 .
/x]sf] zdf{n] ljrf/ JoQm ul/g\ ;+ljwfg ;efdf cfkmgf] :jfy{sf] ;'j]bLn] ul/g\ . lbPsf x'g\ . pgn] b]zdf …b]z ;/sf/ 5 . lgoGq0f ug]{eGbf klg ;r]t l8lh6n ldl8of k|of]u ubf{ Wofg -k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/_
 @)*! kmfu'g !* ut] cfOtaf/ ljljw @

cfbz{jf0fL gjLgdf ljBfyL{nfO{ k'/:sf/ ljt/0f

/fd|f] e'Sb}df s's'/ /fd|f] dlgGg / /fd|f] af]Nb}df dflg;
cfbz{ ;dfh ljBfyL{ n fO{ k' / :sf/ ljt/0f x'gkg]{ atfP . k|c nfld5fg]n] sfo{ q mdsf cWoIf j;Gt
kf]v/f, !& kmfu'g ul/Psf] xf] . ljBfnodf sl/a % ;o ljBfyL{ k/fh' n Ln] ljBfnosf] z} l Ifs
/fd|f] sxlnFb}g . k|d'v cltly j8fWoIf b]js[i0f cWoog/t\ /x]sf] hfgsf/L lbP u'0f:t/ ;'wf/df lzIfs, cleefjs
– uf}td a'4 kf]v/f $, u}x|fkf6gl:yt gjLg k/fh' n L, j8f;b:o kfj{ t L . sIff $ ;Dd c+u|]hL dfWoddf / ljBfyL{sf] ;fy / ;xof]usf]
dfWolds ljBfnodf cleefjs >]i7 dfsfh' / k|sfz sf]O/fnf, k7gkf7g eO/x]sf] / qmdzM cfjZostf /x]sf] atfP .
lbj; tyf k' / :sf/ ljt/0f ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldlt dflyNnf] sIffdf klg c+ u | ] h L
cleefjs b]j/fh nfld5fg]n]
;df/f]x ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;b:o j;Gtk| ; fb k/fh' n L, dfWoddf k7gkf7gsf] Joj:yf

;DkfbsLo sfo{qmddf ut z}lIfs ;qdf k|wfgfWofks lz/f]dl0f nfld5fg] ldnfOg] pgn] atfP . ;/sf/L ljBfnodf lzIfsnfO{
sIffut pTs[ i 6 ljBfyL{ n fO{ / ;xk|Wofks uf}/Lb]jL kf}8]n, lzIfs dxf;+3 sf:sL cWoIf k| f ] T ;fxg ug{ ' k g] { wf/0ff /fv]
k' / :sf/ ljt/0f ug{ ' s f ;fy} g]kfn lzIfs dxf;+3 sf:sLsf ef] n fgfy kf} 8 ] n n] ;dosf] . sfo{qmddf ljBfyL{n] ljljw
ljBfnon] ;+rfng u/]sf ljleGg cWoIf ef]nfgfy kf}8]nnufotn] dfunfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ ljBfyL{nfO{ ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd k|:t't u/]sf
bzf}+ /fli6«o v]ns'b v]ns'b k|ltof]lutfsf pTs[i6 k'/:sf/ ljt/0f u/] . j8fWoIf k/fh'nLn] ;/sf/L ljBfnodf cleefj / :yfgLosf] rf;f] lzIff lbg ;Sg'kg]{df hf]8 lbP . lyP .

l56f] u/ ;'grfFbL Joj;foLsf] tkl;ndf pNn]lvt C0fL tyf hdfgtstf{nfO{ C0f shf{ r'Qmf ug]{ k'gM !%
b]zsf o'jf hgzlQmnfO{ v]ns'bdf nufpg]
lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf tyf lwtf] lnnfd laqmLsf] ;"rgf
/ v]ns'bsf] of]hgfa4 lsl;dn] ljsf; ug{] /Qmbfg -k|yd k6s ldlt @)*!÷)$÷@! sf] cfbz{ ;dfh /fli6«o b}lgsdf k|sflzt_
-bf];|f] k6s ldlt @)*!÷!!÷!* sf] cfbz{ ;dfh /fli6«o b}lgsdf k|sflzt_
;f]r /fv]/ k|To]s @ jif{sf] Psk6s /fli6«o o; a}+saf6 tkl;ndf plNnlvt C0fLn] lnPsf] C0f shf{sf] r'Qmf e'QmfgL ldlt ;dfKt eO{;Sbf / ;f] C0f r'Qmf ug{ k6s–k6s df}lvs
tyf lnlvt tfs]tf ubf{ tyf ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ubf{ ;d]t ;f]sf] j]jf:tf u/L C0fL tyf hdfgtstf{ n] shf{ r'Qmf km5\of}{6 gug{'
v]ns'b k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ug{] gLlt cjnDag ePsf] x'Fbf shf{sf] ;'/If0fsf] ¿kdf a}+s ;dIf lwtf] /x]sf] tkl;ndf plNnlvt ;DklQ h] h:tf] cj:yfdf 5 ;f]xL cj:yfdf a}+s tyf
ul/Psf] lyof] . Tof] gLltcg';f/ ;'?sf s]xL jif{ ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&# n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L lnnfd laqmL ul/g] ePsf]n] pQm ;DklQdWo] s'g ;DklQ s] slt d'Nodf
vl/b u/L lng] xf] ;f] v'nfO{ of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq lznaGbL af]nkq ;DalGwt zfvfdf bflvn ug{'x'g O{R5's
cfof]hgf 7Ls ;dodf ul/Psf] klg lyof] . t/, dxfg'efjx? ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu ;d]t of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . k|fKt af]nkqx? of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !^ cf} lbg
kl5 To;df qmdeË ul/of] . @ jif{sf] Psk6s -;f] lbg ;fj{hlgs ljbf k/]df ;f]sf] nuQ} a}+s v'n]sf] lbg_ sf] o; a}+ssf] bdf}nL zfvf sfof{nodf, lbgsf] 7Ls $M)) ah] vf]lng]
ePsf]n] pQm lbg pkl:yt x'g ;DalGwt C0fL, ;'/If0fwgL, OR5's af]nkqbftf tyf ;Da4 ;a}df cg'/f]w 5 . k|fKt af]nkqx? a}+sn] lagf
/fli6«o v]ns'b cfof]hgf ug{] eGg] s'/f x/fpFb} s'g} sf/0f bzf{O{ :jLsf/ jf c:jLsf/ ug{ Joxf]/f ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . s'g} sf/0fjz tkl;ndf plNnlvt ;DklQ lnnfd laqmL
gePdf ;f] ;DklQ cGo Joj:yf u/L a]r lavg ug{ ;Sg] jf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd a}+sn] ;sf/ u/L lng ;Sg] Joxf]/f / pQm ;DklQaf6
uof] . kl5 v]ns'bsf] dxTj a9\b} uPsf] / a}+ssf] ;Dk"0f{ aSof}tf c;"n pk/ gePdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd c;'n pk/ u/L lnOg] Joxf]/f ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . ;fy} C0fLn]
;fs{:t/Lob]lv cf]nlDks v]ns'b ;a} lgwf{l/t shf{ r'Qmf km5\of{}6 u/]df a}+såf/f s'g}klg avt lnnfdLsf] k|s[of ;dfKt ug{ ;lsg] Joxf]/f ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .
tkl;n
;dodf ug{] ul/Paf6 xfd|f gLltlgdf{tfnfO{ /fli6«o C0fLsf] ljj/0f lnnfd laqmLx'g] ;DkQLsf] ljj/0f
v]ns'b cfof]hgf ug{'kg{] bafa k¥of] . km]l/ ! cfbz{ ;dfh dxf;+3sf ;lrj lgd{n lbofnL, !_ gfd M cf/ s] km]G;L sn]Szg b'uf{ k|;fb jnLsf] gftL, k'/g l;+ jnLsf] 5f]/f, kf]v/f p=d=g=kf–^,
jif{sf] Psk6s /fli6«o v]ns'b cfof]hgf ug{] Joj;foL k/fdz{ ;ldltsf k|f]kfO{6/ gfdM ljdnf sfsL{ jnL sf:sL a:g] -xfn, kf]v/f d=g=kf–^,sf:sL_ Af]b k|sfz jnLsf] gfddf
kf]v/f, !& kmfu'g 7]ufgf M kf]v/f d=g=kf –)^,sf:sL tgxF' lhNNff dfnkf]t sfof{no, tgxF'df btf{ ;|]:tf sfod /x]sf] tgxF'
;+ o f] h s b' u f{ a xfb' / ;' g f/,
cjwf/0ff sfof{Gjog ul/of] . aLrdf sf]/f]gf g] k fn ;' g rfF b L Joj;foL u08sL k| b ] z k| x /L tflnd btf{ gDa/ M@#(!(÷)&*÷)&( lhNNff, sn{'ª uf=lj=;, j8f g+=)@ l:yt lsQf g+=M !(% / !((, qmdz
btf{ ldlt M @)&*÷)%÷@@ If]qkmnM #–%–#–) / @–!)–)–) -/f]kgL_ hUuf / ;f] hUufn] rr]{sf]
dxfdf/Lnufotn] gjf}+ /fli6«o v]ns'b k|ltof]lutf dxf;+3sf] !@ cf}+ :yfkgf lbj; s]G›sf k|x/L gfoa pk/LIfs kfg g+= M ^!^&#(^** ;Dk'0f{ lnunufkft ;d]t .
k"j{ ;GWofdf dxf;+3 u08sL s[i0faxfb'/ s];L, kf]v/f pBf]u
$ jif{kl5 dfq cfof]hgf ul/of] . @)&( ;fn k|b]z / ;'grfFbL Joj;foL ;+3 jfl0fHo ;+3sf jl/i7 pkfWoIf
btf{ u/]sf] sfof{no M 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no, sf:sL
C0fsf] k|sf/ M Joj;flos cfjlBs shf{ / dlxnf pBdlzn shf{
c;f]h @* b]lv sflQs # ;Dd u08sL k|b]zdf sf:sL ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf v'nf pQddf a'4frfo{, k|b]z pBf]u zfvf sfof{no M lztnfb]jL
cfof]hgf ePsf] lyof] . To;sf] ;dfkgdf !) cf}+ /Qmbfg sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] jfl0fHo ;+3sf sfzL u'?ª, JolQmut wghdfgL lbg]sf] ljj/0f
. sfo{qmddf !&^ o"lg6 /ut /Tg cfe"if0f ;+3sf cWoIf
/fli6«o v]ns'b k|ltof]lutf @)*! ;fn d+l;/ @ !_ gfd M ljdnf sfsL{ jnL @_ gfd M j]b k|sfz jnL #_ gfd M ofd'gf yfkf
;+sng ePsf] 5 . e/t las, hgd'vL ;xsf/Lsf 7]ufgf M kf]v/f d=g=kf –)^,sf:sL 7]ufgf M kf]v/f d=g=kf–^,sf:sL 7]ufgf M kf]v/f d=g=kf–@!, sf:sL
b]lv ( ;Dd s0ff{nL k|b]zdf cfof]hgf ug]{ 3f]if0ff ;+3 cWoIf eljG› cWoIf ?knfn ;'gf/nufotn] xfn M kf]v/f d=g=kf –^,sf:sL xfn M kf]v/f d=g=kf–^,sf:sL xfn M kf]v/f d=g=kf –)^,sf:sL
ljZjsdf{sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] af]n]sf lyP . gf=k|=g+= M !###!^ gf=k|=g+= M (÷!^#&# gf=k|=g+= M $^–)!–&*–)%)!$
ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly g]kfn cfof]hs dxf;+3 u08sL hf/L ldlt M @)%(÷!)÷@& hf/L ldlt M @)$*÷!)÷)* hf/L ldlt M @)&*÷)&÷@(
Tof] 3f]if0ffcg';f/ s0ff{nL k|b]z ;/sf/ ;'grfFbL Joj;foL dxf;+3sf k| b ] z ;efklt rG›lszf] / hf/L lhNnf M sf:sL hf/L lhNnf M sf:sL hf/L lhNnf M sf:sL
ljlzi6 ;b:o df] x gs' d f/ uf}tdn] /Qmbftf, k|b]z ;ldlt kltsf] gfd M j]b k|sfz jnL afa'sf] gfd M k'/g l;+ jnL afa'sf] gfd M lht axfb'/ yfkf
/ ;Da4 ;/f]sf/jfnf ;+3;+:yfx?n] s0ff{nL ;' g f/n] /fHonfO{ cK7\ o f/f] sf:sLsf k" j { cWoIfx?, ;;'/fsf] gfd M k'/g l;+ jnL afh]sf] gfd M b'uf{ k|;fb jnL afh]sf] gfd M k'0f{ axfb'/ yfkf
ljs6 If]q ePsf]n] ToxL a]nfb]lv To;sf nflu k/] s f a] n f Joj;foLx?sf] ;Nnfxsf/, sfo{ ; ldltsf lnnfd laqmLsf zt{x? M
7"nf] of]ubfg /x]sf] pNn]v kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:o, k|d'v != af]nkq kmf/fd 8]enkd]G6 a}+ssf] s]G›Lo sfof{no, kf]v/f *, Go"/f]8 tyf zfvf sfof{nox? af6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 .
k"jf{wf/x? agfpg] sfddf nfu] . To;a]nf ToxfF ub}{ sf]/f]gfsf a]nf u08sL cltly, cltly /Qm;~rf/ @= af]nkqsf ;fy cfkm"n] vl/b ug{ saf]n u/]sf] /sdsf] Go"gtd !) -bz_ k|ltztsf b/n] x'g] /sd w/f}6L jfkt o; a}+ssf] w/f}6L
/+uzfnf lyPg . cGo k"jf{wf/x? klg lyPgg\ . k|b]zn] x]Nk 8]S; g} :yfkgf s] G b| s f k| f ljlwsnufotdf vftfdf gub} bflvnf u/]sf] ;Ssn ef}r/ ;nUg ug{'kg]{ 5 / ;f] /sdsf] s'g} Jofh lbOg] 5}g . ;fy} lnnfd ;b/ jf ab/sf] lg0f{o
/ /fxt sf]ifsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] wGojfb 1fkg u/] . geP;Dd w/f}6L /sd lkmtf{ x'g] 5}g .
ltgLx?n] Pskl5 csf{] agfpFb} nu] . ltgLx?n] :d/0f u/] . sfo{qmd ;+of]hg sf:sLsf #= af]nkqstf{ g]kfnL gful/s jf g]kfndf btf{ ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yf, kmd{, sDkgL x'g'kg]{5 . ;fy} af]nkqstf{ k|fs[lts JolQm ePdf
cfˆgf If]qsf v]nf8Lx?nfO{ klg k|lzIf0f k|aGw u08sL k|b]z ;ef ;b:o k|jQmf /fhs'df/ l3ld/]n] u/]sf gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk, ;+ul7t ;+:yf÷ sDkgL ÷ kmd{ ePdf clVtof/gfdf, ;+rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o, btf{ k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnlk,
lbndfof kf} a Ln] ;' g rfF b L lyP . s/r'Qmf cflb cfj]bg ;fy k]z ug{'kg]{5 .
u/] . vfgfa:gsf nflu xf]6]nx?sf] Joj:yf klg $= lznaGbL af]nkq ldlt @)*!÷!@÷)# lbgsf] $M)) ah] leqdf a}+ssf] ;DalGwt Zffvf sfof{nodf cfO{k'Ug] ul/ a'emfpg'kg]{ 5 . pQm
Joj;fo tyf ;fdflhs :jfut dGtJo cWoIf eljG› lbg ;fj{hlgs labf k/]df labf kZrft nuQ} sfof{nox? v'n]sf] lbgdf af]nkq kmf/d a'emfpg' kg]{ 5 . uf]Ko l;naGbL af]nkqx?
ul/of] . ;a} eP/ klg sf7df8f}+ /fhwfgLsf] Tof] If]qdf u08sL k|b]z ;efklt ljZjsdf{ / ;~rfng lhNnf ldlt @)*!÷!@÷)$ ut] cyf{t !^ cf}+ lbg lbp;f] $M)) ah] o; a}+ssf] bdf}nL zfvf sfof{nodf pkl:yt k|ltlglwx?, af]nkqstf{
dfgl;stfn] s0ff{nLnfO{ cem} ljs6 ;Demb} 5 . rG›lszf]/ uf}tdsf] lqmofzLntf dxf;lrj sdndfg ;'gf/n] jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df vf]lng]5 / pQm lbg ;fj{hlgs labf k/]df labf kZrft nuQ} sfof{nox? v'n]sf] lbg vf]lng]5 .
/x] s f] atfOg\ . sfo{ q mddf u/] . af]nkq vf]Ng] ;dodf af]nfO{Psf ;j} k|ltlglw, af]nkqstf{ jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt geP klg af]nkq vf]Ng s'g} afwf kg]{ 5}g .
/, d+l;/df cfof]hgf ug{'kg{] Tof] sfd k';df ug{] %= af]nkq k|:tfj :jLs[t ePdf w/f}6L afx]ssf] afFsL /sd k|:tfj :jLs[t ePsf] hfgsf/L lbP kZrft\ a}+sn] tf]s]sf] ldtL leq o;
elgof] . df3df ug{] elgof] . ldlt tf]Sb} k/k/ a}+sdf gub} hDdf u/L lwtf]df /x]sf] -lnnfd ;sf/ u/]sf] ;DklQ cfˆgf] gfddf bflvnf vf/]h u/fO{ lng'kg]{ 5 . o;/L afFsL /sd
;]6L 6+sL hDdf ug]{ ;do ;Ldf k|bfg ug]{ clwsf/ o; a}+sdf lglxt /xg]5 . ;DklQ -3/ hUuf _ gfd;f/L ug{ nfUg] ;/sf/L /fh:j, z'Ns tyf
;fb{}5g\ . ;DalGwt ;|f]tsf cg';f/ cem klg s]Gb| ;Dk"0f{ vr{x? ;sf/ u/L lng :jodn] Joxf]g{' kg]{5 .
;/sf/n] vr{sf] sfo{ljlw :jLs[t u/]sf] 5}g .
tyf kfgL 6+sL ^=af]nkq k]z u/]sf] /sdn] a}+ssf] shf{ r'Qmf gePdf jf cToGt Go"g /sd saf]n u/]df jf af]nkq :jLs[t gePdf jf :jLs[t df]ndf

h;sf] sf/0f v]nf8Lsf] 8«]; nufot s'/fx?

;kmf ;f] ;DklQ s;}n] ;sf/ gu/]df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g,@)&# tyf a}+ssf] lgod adf]lhd ;f] ;DklQ a}+s cfkm}n] ;sf/ ug{
jf k"gM ;"rgf hf/L u/L lnnfdL k|lqmofdf hfg;Sg]5 .
vl/b ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . Tof]eGbf 7"nf] s'/f
ug{'k/]df &= tf]lsPsf] ;do leq afFsL /sd bflvnf geP jf g;s]df w/f}6L /sd :jt M hkmt x'g]5 . af]nkq :jLs[t gePdf k|:tfjsx?nfO{
;Dks{ af]nkq ;DaGwL lg0f{o eP kZrft\ dfq w/f}6L afkt hDdf u/]sf] /sd e"QmfgL ul/g]5 .
s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] v]ns'b ;ldltnfO{ klg ;/sf/n] )^!–%(!^@! *= lwtf]df /x]sf] ;DklQ laqmL ug]{ jf gug]{ jf af]nkqdf saf]n u/]sf] /sd :jLsf/ ug]{ jf gug]{ ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ o; 8]enkd]G6
(*)@*%@&&% a}+sdf lglxt x'g]5 .
k"0f{tf lbPsf] 5}g . efif0f ubf{ g]tfx? 7"N7"nf (&)*)*)#!) (= o; ;DaGwL cGo s]xL s'/f a'‰g' kg]{ ePdf 8]enkd]G6 a}+ssf] s]G›Lo sfof{no, kf]v/f )*, Go"/f]8 tyf zfvf sfof{nox?df sfof{no
s'/f ub{5g\, t/ sfd x]/f}+ eg] cw'/f] / ck"/f]dfq (&)*)*)#@) ;doleq ;Dks{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
!)= cGo zt{x? af]nkq kmf/ddf pNn]v ul/P adf]lhd x'g]5 .
b]lvG5g\ . bzf}+ /fli6«o v]ns'bsf] cfof]hgf ToxL
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;d:ofdf kl/g]5 . xtf/df lg0f{o glnO{ cu|hsf] ;Nnfxdf ljQLo sf/f]af/ cl3 a9fpg ;lsg]5 . ;xdltåf/f Ll/s :km"lt{ sfod} /xnf . lbg pGgltsf/s /xg]5 . xif{sf]
lj;+ @)*! ;fn kmfu'g !* ut] cfOtaf/, tbg';f/ O;+ @)@% d]if sfo{ ug'x{ f]nf . j[if ;d:ofnfO{ ;'NemfOg]5 . ldy'g va/ ldNg]5 .
dfr{ @ tfl/v, sfno'Qmgfd ;+jT;/, >L;"o{pQ/fo0f, lzlz/
Ct' . rfGb|dfg cg';f/ kmfNu'gz'SnkIfsf] t[tLof ltly /flq snfTds sfo{df dg /dfpg]5 . ljlzi6 JolQm;Fu ;xsfo{ :jf:Yo sdhf]/ aGg]5 . cj;/ x'Fbfx'Fb} ljsNk /f]Hbf cfF6]sf sfo{x? PsfPs k"/f x'Fbf dg k|km'lNnt aGg]5 .
!@M$# ah];Dd, To;kl5 rt'yL{ /xg]5 . ug{ kfOg]5 . sfo{z}nL k|efjsf/L /xFbf gofF lhDd]jf/L ;d:ofdf kl/g]5 . cfsl:ds lg0f{o lnFbf kl5 k5'tfpg' pRr cf]xbfsf JolQm;Fu ldqtf ufFl;g]5 . dg ldNg]
gIfq M pQ/efb|kbf lbjf !@M!@ ah];Dd, To;kl5 /]jtL / ldNg]5 . pT;fx pd+u 5fpg]5 . ;fdflhs sfo{df ljz]if knf{, k"j{ tof/L u/]/ sfo{ ug'{xf]nf . afWotfsf emGeml6nf JolQm;Fusf] cfsl:ds /dfOnf] ofqf x'g]5 . u/]sf sfo{af6
ss{6 rf;f] /xg]5 . l;+x sfd sfo{df h'6\g' kg{]5 . sGof cfTd;Gtf]if ldNg] ldNg]5 .
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ljis'+efbL of]u M z'e lbjf #M%* ah];Dd, To;kl5 z'Sn
s]xL emGem6 cfOnfu] tfklg hLt tkfO{Fs} x'g]5, gcflQg' xf] ;Gtfgsf] pGgltdf /dfOg]5 . cfkmGthg;Fu /dfOnf] ofqf w]/} kl/>d ubf{ klg h; ldNg] 5}g . glhssf JolQm;Fug}
/xg]5 . nf . k|oTg ubf{ ck'/f sfo{nfO{ k"0f{tf lbg ;lsg]5 . x'g]5 . snfTds sfo{df dg hfg]5 . k|ltlIft glthf /fd|f] jfbljjfb x'g]5 . ;/;fdfg x/fpg] jf rf]/L x'g] ;Defjgf
cfgGbfbL of]u M l:y/ . kl/>dcg';f/sf] k|ltkmn kfOg]5 . lhDd]jf/Lsf] plrt ?kdf cfpFbf k|km"lNnt eOg]5 . z}lIfs If]qdf ljz]if pGglt k|ult /x]sf] 5, ;ts{ /xg'xf]nf . c?sf] nx}nx}df xr'jfsf] e/
s/0f M t}ltn lbjf !M%# ah];Dd, To;kl5 jl0fs\ /xg]5 . t'nf jxg ug{ ;lsg]5 . j[lZrs x'g] b]lvG5 . wg' df nufgL ubf{ /sd 8'Ag]5 .
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/xg]5 . Joj;fodf ;fdfGo nufgLaf6 g} cgk]lIft nfe ldNg]5 . bf]wf/df lg0f{o lng g;s]tf klg k'gM cj;/ k|fKt x'g]5 . u/]sf] nufgLaf6 lbuf] ?kdf kmfObf ldNg]5 . 7"nf JolQmsf]
;"of{]bo M ^M@( ah], ;"of{:t M a]n'sf ^M)$ ah] x'g]5 . >ddfu{df nfUg] JolQmx?sf nflu gofF cj;/ ldNg]5 . v';LofnLkg 5fpg]5 . cfsl:ds wgnfesf] of]u ag]sf] 5 ljZjf;sf] kfq algg]5 . ;sf/fTds ;f]rljrf/ /xg]5 .
-ef]ln M eb|f k"jf{Gx !!M#@ ah]b]lv a]n'sf !)M@) ah];Dd, JolQmTj ljsf;sf] ;do /xsf] 5 . aGw'jfGwjsf] ;xof]un] . ;fdfGo sfo{df e'Ng] ;do 5}g, gofF of]hgf agfP/ cl3 ljz]if ;df/f]xdf cltlysf] ;Tsf/ ldNg]5 . cndndf
wlgi7f k~rs ;dflKt k"jf{Gx !)M#$ ah]_ ds/ sfo{ aGg]5g\ . s'De a9\g'xf]nf . dLg gk/L sfo{df nfUg'xf]nf .
 @)*! kmfu'g !* ut] cfOtaf/ #

;anfOdsf] @( cf}+ jflif{sf]T;j xflb{s >4f~hnL

cfbz{ ;dfh
kf]v/f, !& kmfu'g
;anfOd c+ u | ] h L dfWolds
ljBfno, /Tgrf]ssf] @( cf}+
jflif{sf]T;j, k'/:sf/ ljt/0f
;df/f]x tyf ljljw ;f+:s[lts
sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
sfo{qmd pb\3f6g ub}{ kf]v/f
dxfgu/ lzIff ljsf; tyf
;dGjo PsfO sf:sLsf k|d'v
nf] s gfy cfrfo{ n ] cfkm\ g f
;GtfgnfO{ ;sf/fTds s'/f /
sfof{ n osL jl/i7 clws[ t /fv]sf lyP . z}lIfs sfo{qmdtkm{ ljBfnon] lalaP / lacfOPd
hLjgf]kof]uL l;k 3/d} l;sfP/ O{Zj/L zfx kf08], cleefjs sIff g;{/Lb]lv !@ sIff;Ddsf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ of]hgf
xf};nf a9fpg cleefjsn] ;do ;'/]z /fgfef6, ljBfyL{ cg'isf pTsi6 lhlkP Nofpg] ljBfyL{nfO{ /xsf] k|frfo{ k'ik k/fh'nLn]
5'6\ofpg ck/Lxfo{ /x]sf] atfP . lnun nufotn] ljBfnon] k'/:s[t ul/of] . hfgsf/L lbP . hGdM :juf{/f]x0fM
sfo{ q mddf lx;fg sf:sL lbg] lzIff;Fu} df6f]k|ltsf] ddtf @)%@ ;fndf :yflkt ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldlt lj=;+= !(() c;f/ !$ lj=;+= @)*! kmfu'g ^
cWoIf lbjfsf/ h}zL, KofA;gsf hufpg, cg' z f;g / ;+ : sf/ ljBfnodf xfn g;{/Lb]lv !@ cWoIf Pj+ ;+:yfks lgb]{zs
s] G b| L o pkfWoIf s[ i 0f s] ; L, l;sfpg ck/Lxfo{ /x]sf] atfP . ;Dd !@ ;oeGbf a9L ljBfyL{ lqe'jg k/fh'nLsf] cWoIftfdf
KofA;g u08sL k|b]z ;lrj sfo{qmddf ljBfyL{n] ;fd"lxs cWoog/t\ 5g\ . ljBfnon] sIff ePsf] sfo{ q mddf lk| l G;kn
ljZj/fh af:tf]nf, KofA;gsf
s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/ u0f]zdfl;+x
g[To, nf]sg[To, ;r]tgfd"ns
gf6s, ljleGg hghfltsf g[To,
!! / !@ df lj1fg, Joj:yfkg
/ xf]6n Dofg]hd]G6sf] k9fO
k'ik/fh k/fh'nLn] jflif{s k|ult
k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/] eg] g]kfnL :j= d'lQm/fh l3ld/]
e08f/L, /fli6« o k/LIff af] 8 { s/ft] k| b z{ g , cafs; l;k ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . pRr ljefu k|d'v sdnfklt zdf{n]
xfd|f k/dk'Ho k|ftM :d/0fLo klt÷lktf÷xh'/a'af÷;;'/f a'af d'lQm/fh l3ld/] (@ jif{sf] pd]/df xfdL ;a}nfO{
u08sL k|b]z k/LIff Joj:yfkg k|bz{g Pj+ afnuLtnufot k|:t'lt lzIffsf nflu ;DaGwg klv{/x]sf] sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/] .
cleefjsljxLg agfO{ k/dfTdfsf z/0fdf a|XdnLg x'g'ePsf]df xfdL cToGt ddf{xt ePsf 5f}+ . o; b'Mvb 38Lsf]
cfh !# cf}+ lbgsf] k'0oltlydf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub{} xflb{s >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{5f}+ . ;fy} xfdL k|lt
x/t/xn] ;xof]u÷;xfg'e"lt÷;dj]bgf JoQm ug'{x'g] ;Dk"0f{ cfb/0fLo dxfg'efjx?, ;+3 ;+:yf, z'elrGts, /fhgLlts
…cå}tsf] nIo e|flGt :dn x]eg dG6];/Ldf bn, wfld{s Pj+ ;fdflhs JolQmTj, aGw'afGwj / :g]xL Oi6ldq, s'6'Dahg ;a}k|lt xflb{s s[t1tf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

x6fpg' xf]Ú ahf/ d]nf 5f]/f÷a'xf/Lx?

>LdtL M gf/fo0fL l3ld/]
gflt÷ gfltgL a'xf/L gfltgL÷ gfltgL HjfO“ kgflt, kgfltgL
kf] v/ f, !& kmfu' g -cfbz{ ub{} s'nklt >Lu'?b]jn] pQm s'/f kf]v/f, !& kmfu'g -cfbz{ ;dfh_– kf]v/f !@ l:yt kf]v/f o'gfO6]8 ljZj/fh÷d]g'sf l3ld/] /fhg÷lbof l3ld/] /rgf÷k|]dk|;fb cfrfo{ l/ltsf, :jl:tsf, :g]xf,
;dfh_– cå}t ;+:yfsf s'nklt JoQm u/]sf x'g\ . Ps]8]dLåf/f ;~rflnt :dn x]eg dG6];/Ldf bf];|f] v'nf ahf/ d]
>Lu'?b]j k|tfk rqmjtL{n] cå}t c~rn lgb{]zs Sof= wgk|;fb nf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . afnaflnsfnfO{ cfTdljZjf;L / Jofjxfl/s –÷sflnsf l3ld/] cd[t÷;'l:dtf l3ld/] ;'lgtf÷bLks ;'j]bL :jb]z, Olzsf, ;fy{s,
;+:yfsf] nIo dflg;sf] e|fGt u'?ªsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] pQm agfpg pQm d]nf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . t]h/fh÷gf/fo0fL l3ld/] ;fu/ l3ld/] sljtf÷ljsf; ;'j]bL blz{sf, lk|zf, /f]gs, ;'gj,
wf/0ffnfO{ x6fP/ /fd|f] wf/0ff sfo{qmddf u'?cfdf ckgf rqmjtL{, d]nfdf dG6];/L cWoog/t\ afnaflnsf / pgLx?sf cleefjs bfdf]b/÷aGbgf l3ld/] lbk]z÷:d[lt l3ld/] ;+uLtf÷;"o{ rkfO{ cfEof>L, hotL, ;fGjL
hufpg' /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . cå}t ;+:yf g]kfnsf ;efklt ;xefuL lyP . d]nfdf ljleGg ;fdu|L afnaflnsfnfO{ lsGg ljGb'/fh÷;l/tf l3ld/] ;ljg÷l:dtf l3ld/] lblksf÷e'jg e08f/L
pgn] cufl8 eg], …xfdLx?nfO{ cgGtnfn ;/:jtL, l/8L kL7fwLz l;sfOPsf] lyof] . kf]v/f Go"/f]8sf] k}/jL x]Ny P08 8]G6n s]o/ ;':df÷gj/fh ;'j]bL
h'g b'Mvsi6 x'G5 dfq xfdLx?sf] k+= b]j]Zj/ …;/:jtLÚ, b]j3f6 k|fln;Fusf] ;xsfo{df gfs, sfg / 3fF6L tyf d'v, luFhf, bGt k/ ;[li6 l3ld/]
e| d cyf{ t \ cfˆgf] :j?knfO{ kL7fwLz k+= lji0f'k|;fb …;/:jtLÚ, LIf0f Pj+ lzIff sfo{qmd;d]t eof] . h;df afnaflnsfn] lgMz'Ns
ghfg]sf] x'gfn] ePsf] xf] .Ú k+= nIohLjL l3ld/], k+= 7fgk|;fb k/LIf0f u/fpg'sf ;fy} d'v :jf:Yo;DaGwL lzIff xfl;n u/] .
cå}t ;+:yf u08sL c~rn sfˆn] , k' ? iff] Q d t08' s f/, ljBfno cWoIf lzjaxfb'/ e08f/Ln] Jofjxfl/s lzIff lbg d]
gf]6M cfh ldlt @)*! kmfu'g !* ut] cfOtaf/sf] lbg !# cf}+ lbgsf]
tyf
;T;+u dlGb/ kf]v/f–!@, ;l/tf s];L, ljGb' e08f/L, k+= nfsf] cjwf/0ff cl3 a9fOPsf] atfP .
zLtnfb]jLdf cfof]lht b'O{lbj;Lo
dxf;T;+u ;df/f]xdf a|Xd1fgL
>Lu'?b]j lIftLzrGb| rqmjtL{åf/f
o' j /fh clwsf/L, k+ = an/fd
cfrfo{, hoGtL yfkf, lzjs'df/L
u'?ª, /fdk|;fb atf;nufotn]
dG6];/L OGrfh{ k"gd u'?ªn] afnaflnsfnfO{ ahf/af/] l;sfpg
d]nf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] atfOg\ . pgn] elgg\, …Ps t ;dfgsf]
d"No slt lyof], k};f slt lbOPsf] lyof] / slt lkmtf{ kfOof] eGg]
k'0oltlydf x'g uO/x]sf] z'¢fz'l¢ sfo{qmddf zjofqfdf ;xefuL
x'g'x'g] dxfg'efjx? tyf e]6L k|bfg ug'{x'g] Pj+ ;Dk"0f{ bfh'efO,
Oi6ldq,s'ns'6'Da, ;+3;+:yf Pj+ z'elrGtsHo"x? xflb{s cfdGq0f
ub{5f}+ . :yfgM kf]v/f–!@, s'F8x/ -lgjf;_, ;doM laxfg (M)) ah] b]lv
l3ld/] kl/jf/
/lrt g]kfnL j]b ;fIffTsf/ jfrg kf7kf/fo0f u/]sf lyP . ljifodf gDa/;Fu v]Ng klg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'G5 .Ú kf]v/f–!@, s'F8x/

xflb{s ;dj]bgf g}g+ l5GblGt z:qfl0f g}g+ bxlt kfjs

g r}g+ Sn]boGTofkf] g zf]ifolt df?t

hGdM :juf{/f]x0fM
lj=;= !(*& >fj0f #@ lj=;+= @)*! kmfu'g !)

:j= nLnfeQm cfrfo{

>L/fd dlGb/ ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:o ljZjgfy cfrfo{, cfhLjg ;b:ox? lzjk|;fb cfrfo{, lji0f'k|;fb cfrfo{, xl/eQm -uf}td_ cfrfo{, s[i0feQm cfrfo{, a'xf/Lx? kfj{tL cfrfo{,
;Tob]jL cfrfo{, dw' cfrfo{, d~h' cfrfo{, /df cfrfo{, 5f]/Lx? a;GtL kf}8]n, nIdL e§/fO{, b]jsf cof{n, sf}lznf 9'+ufgf, xl/b]jL kf}8]n, HjfOFx? xl/k|;fb kf}8]n, j;Gtdf]xg e§/fO{,
xf]dgfy cof{n, OGb|k|;fb 9'+ufgf, O{Zj/Lk|;fb zdf{sf lktf÷;;'/f @)$) ;fn cflZjg #) b]lv xfn;Dd >L /fddlGb/ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf kbdf /xg'ePsf nLnfeQm cfrfo{af6
>L/fd dlGb/ tyf wd{zfnf snfTds agfpg ljleGg ;dodf >Ldb\ efujt\ dxfo1 nufO{ cy{ ;+sng u/L lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg u/L ljlwjt ;d'b\3f6g ug{'sf] ;fy} pxfFaf6 ljleGg 7fpFdf
d7dlGb/ lgdf{0f ljBfnox? :yfkgf tyf lgdf{0f, af6f]3f6f] lgdf{0f nufot ljleGg ;fdflhs sfo{df ct'ngLo sfo{ ug{'x'g] wfld{s JolQmTjsf] (% jif{sf] pd]/df a|XdnLg x'g'ePsf]df xfdL
dlGb/ kl/jf/ ddf{xt ePsf 5f}+ . o; b'Mvb\ 38Lsf] cfh gjf}+ lbgsf] k'0oltlydf a|XdnLg cfTdsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf >L /fdrGb| eujfg\af6 w}o{wf/0f
ug{] zlQm k|fKt xf];\ egL xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

k'08/Lk|;fb a/fn ?b|gfy a/fn

;lrj sf=jf=cWoIf
tyf
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kf]v/f–!&, la/f}6f
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x'=lg=b=g+= #*÷)%#÷)%$ $

t];|f] j]ugf; sk ;'?

cfbz{ ;dfh
n]vgfy, !& kmfu'g
j]ugf; o'jf Sna cfof]hgfdf
t];|f] ;+:s/0fsf] j]ugf; sk
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;~rfng x'g] k|ltof]lutfdf @*
l6dn] efu lnPsf 5g\ .
z'qmaf/ k|ltof]lutf pb\3f6g ub}{
kf]v/f #! sf j8fWoIf 9sgfy /x]sf] / l;FrfOn] clwu|x0f u/]sf] sf:sL, n]vgfy pBf]u jfl0fHo
sF8]nn] j]ugf; o'jf Snan] hUuf SnanfO{ g} cfjZos ;+3, cfbz{ o'jf Sna 5g\ .
cfof]hgf u/]sf] k|ltof]lutfnfO{ /x]sf] atfP . Sna ;Nnfxsf/ z' q maf/ pb\ 3 f6g v] n df
lg/Gt/tf lbg cfu|x ub}{ o;sf /fddl0f clwsf/Ln] v]ns'bn] cfof]hs j]ugf; o'jf Sna
cg' z f;g l;sfpg] ePsfn] kx] + n f] n ] ljgf] b d] d f] l /on
nflu cfjZos ;xof]u ug{ j8f
cGo v]n ultljlw ;~rfng ub}{ Ps]8d] LnfO{ #–@ sf] uf]ncGt/n]
sfof{ n o tTk/ /x] s f] atfP
o'jfnfO{ cg'zfl;t agfpg / ;xL x/fpFb} ljhoL ;'?jft u/]sf]
. pgn] km' 6 an;F u } elnan,
af6f]df 8f]¥ofpg o; lsl;dsf lyof] . zlgaf/ ^ v]n ;DkGg
Aof8ldG6gnufotsf cGo v]n k|ltof]lutfn] pNn]Vo e"ldsf
kf]v/f ;/fªsf]6df hf/L >Ldb\efujt\ 1fgdxfo1 Pj+ wfld{s ko{6g dxfpT;jsf] zlgaf/ pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf /fi6«klt /fdrGb| kf}8]nnufot . ;/fªsf]6 wfld{s Pj+ ko{6g If]q ljsf; ;ldltn] cfof] eP . klxnf] v]ndf Go" :6f/
hgf u/]sf] dxfo1 !$ b]lv @! kmfu'g;Dd ;~rfng x'g]5 . tl:a/M >Leb| kf}8]n÷cfbz{ ;dfh ultljlwx? klg ;~rfng ug{ lgjf{x ug]{ atfP .
SnanfO{ cfu|x u/]sf lyP . Pkm;Ln] zflGtbLk o'y SnanfO{
Sna cWoIf lgg]g nfnrgsf] * uf]nsf] km/flsnf] cGt/n]
sF 8 ] n n] k| l tof] l utfsf] k| y d cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf
k'/:sf/sf] nflu ! nfv %% k/flht u/]sf] 5 .
ljgf]bsf] xhf/ % ;o %% / Jof8ldG6g
pkfWoIf cfzLif clwsf/Ln]
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unsf]6nfO{ df5fk'R5«]
:jfut / ;~rf/sdL{ ;lrg
sf]6{ lgdf{0fdf ! nfv %) xhf/ P08 ;gd Pkm;LnfO{ @–),
/fgfef6n] sfo{ q md ;+ r fng
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kf]v/f @^ sf j8fWoIf g/]Gb|
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cfof]hssf] gLnf] l6dn] 3/]n'
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vr{ nfUg] / sl/a !) nfv
cfOl8cf] sf:sLnfO{ @–!, ldSsL

cWoIf sk
cfDbfgL x'g] cfof]hssf] cg'dfg
Voflt v]ns'bsf] dfWodaf6 cem} 5 . art /sdaf6 v]n d}bfg Pkm;Ln] gf}nf] tf/fnfO{ #–)
prf] agfpg SnanfO{ cfu|x u/] . dd{t, Snasf ;b:osf] Ifdtf uf]ncGt/n] k/flht u/]sf] 5 .
pgn] k|ltof]lutfsf] bf];f| ] k'/:sf/ clej[l4 tyf :yfgLo ko{6g ljgf]b d]df]l/on / v/af/L
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