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Data Modeling Basics: John Auel GIS Technician II United Services Group

The document discusses data modeling basics and provides guidance on designing an effective data model. It recommends taking time to plan the data model, getting user input, and selecting a model that fits your objectives. The document also suggests re-evaluating existing models to ensure they are meeting needs and making any necessary changes to improve structure, standardize data, and better support end users.

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rj0680
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79 views29 pages

Data Modeling Basics: John Auel GIS Technician II United Services Group

The document discusses data modeling basics and provides guidance on designing an effective data model. It recommends taking time to plan the data model, getting user input, and selecting a model that fits your objectives. The document also suggests re-evaluating existing models to ensure they are meeting needs and making any necessary changes to improve structure, standardize data, and better support end users.

Uploaded by

rj0680
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Modeling Basics

John Auel
GIS Technician II
United Services Group

SM
Background
• Bachelor of Science at University of
Wisconsin, Steven’s Point
– Area of Emphasis -- Cartography

• Been at United Services Group Since


2001
– GIS Technician II

SM
Data Modeling

Dressing up your GIS data and sending it


down the runway

SM
Data Model
• The foundation to a
database
• Your blue prints
• Building plans for
storing your data.
• Instructions for
building a database

SM
Looking Ahead
• Things to consider before constructing or
updating a data model
• Selecting a data model that best fits your
situation.
• Already have a Data Model
• Basic steps to help create and maintain
your data model
• Questions

SM
Plan, Plan and Plan Some More!

SM
Design Guidelines
• Involve users
• Build a team
• Educate users in what a GIS can do
• Plan from your model
• Take it one step at a time
• Be creative
• Keep goals and objectives in focus
• Do not add details prematurely
• Document carefully
• Be flexible
SM
Data Model #1 Goal
• Identifying your data objects
– Services
– Primary lines
– Transformers
– Reclosers
– Fuses
– Faults

SM
Data Modeling

• Match Data to Spatial Elements


• Determine geometry type of discrete
features
• Specify relationships between features
• Implement attribute types for objects

SM
Data Modeling
• Select Geographic Representation
• Represent data with discreet features
– Points, Lines and Polygons

• Characterize continuous phenomena with rasters

SM
Data Modeling
• Model the Users View of Data
• Identify organizational functions
• Determine data needed to support functions
• Organize data into local groups
• Define Objects and Relationships
• Identify and describe objects
• Specify relationships between objects
• Document model in diagram

SM
Document Model in Diagram

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Data Modeling

• Organize Database Structure


• Organize system of features
• Define topological associations
• Assign coordinate systems
• Define relationships, rules and domains

SM
Objectives of Design
• Results in a Well-Constructed Database :
• Satisfies objectives and supports organizational requirements
• Contains all necessary data but no redundant data
• Organizes data so that different users can access the same
data
• Accommodates different views of the data
• Distinguishes which applications maintain the data from which
applications access the data
• Appropriately represents, codes and organizes graphical
features

SM
Benefits From Good Design

• Data retrieval and analysis


are used more frequently
• Decrease time in attributing
data
• Data that supports different
users and uses
• Minimized data redundancy
• Increased likelihood of users
developing applications

SM
Selecting a Data Model

• Design and create a new geodatabase


• Copy and modify and existing geodatabase
schema
• Create a copy of both the schema and
contents from an existing geodatabase

SM
Design and Create a New
Geodatabase
• Cannot find one that matches your business
objectives
• Labor intensive
• Create a new feature dataset
• Create a new feature class
• Create a new field
• Create a new domain
• Create a new subtype

SM
Copy and Modify an Existing
Geodatabase Schema
• Distributed
Geodatabase Tool Bar
– Inside of ArcMap
• Click Extract Data
– Far symbol on the right
• Check Schema Only
– It will only export
feature datasets that
are in ArcMap

SM
Copy and Modify an Existing
Geodatabase Schema

• You may have to correct the Coordinate


System of the new database.
• You will need to delete the Geometric
Network if you are planning to load data
to a feature in a Geometric Network.

SM
Create a Copy of Both the
Schema and Contents from an
Existing Geodatabase
• You will need to delete any data
that you will not want part of your
database.
– Delete Rows tool in ArcToolBox
• If feature class is a part of a
Geometric Network you will need
to delete the Network.

SM
Current Data Model
• Data was placed into a data model because
we saw something we liked at a conference
or other cooperatives mention it to us.
– Outage Management
– AMR
– Billing
– Planning
• We updated our map book to a new software.

SM
Revaluated Your Data Model
• Double check your foundation of your
database
• What works and what does not?
• Can we remove duplicated data?
• Can we standardize our data going in and
going out?
• Is it working to create deliverables?
• Are our users getting the data they need?

SM
Looking for Good Structure
• Group like objects into a Dataset
– Geometric Network
– Relationships
• Data uniformed
– Using domains for data consistency
• Field Names
– Unique
– Have meaning to end user

SM
Evaluating Your Database
• Using an ESRI Script to help go through
your database.
– Geodatabase Designer

• Going through all your features in the


database.

SM
Geodatabase Designer v2 (9.2)
• Download off of ESRI
– http://arcscripts.esri.com/

• Gives you a full report of everything in


your database.
– Objects
– Subtypes
– Domains
– Relationships
SM
SM
Changes are Needed
• Feature classes are in the wrong datasets
• Feature class names don’t describe feature
• Field names need to be rearranged
• Field Type is incorrect
• Field length is too short
• Subtypes
• Domains

SM
Summary
• Take time to put a plan together
• Get other people involved
• Define Objects
• Select a Data Model that best fits your
objectives
• Re-evaluate your Model after you have
worked with it
• Correct your changes to help end users

SM
Demo Time and Questions

SM

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