OBSERVATION AND RESULT

% grainding
IS: weight weight cumulativ zone of sand, FM
sieve retane retaine e % wt. % as bar IS: value/remask
size d d retained finner 383(1970) s
4.75m
m 26gm 5.20% 5.20% 94.8
2.36m Algebric
m 7gm 1.40% 6.60% 93.4 sumation of
comutative
1.18m
percentage
m 28gm 5.60% 12.20% 87.8
weight
600h 74gm 14.80% 27% 73
retained in
300h 269gm 53.80% 80.80% 19.2 primilary the each IS:seive
150h 83gm 16.60% 97.40% 2.3 sand is of upto 150µ
75h 11gm 2.20% E229.2% 0.4 zone-iii[from- devided by
PAN 2gm 0.40%   0 is :383(1970)] 100=2.292~2

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DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SAND
OBSERVATION & RESULT:-
wt of Bottle
empley wt wt of sp. Gr. +sand+ rest wt of Bottle
of sp. Gr. Bottlet partly part of + full of wt. of sand wt. of equal volume of water of
Bottle (w1) filled sand water (w3) water (w4) (w2-w1) sand (w4-w1)-(w3-w4)/(w2-w1)
(gm) (w2) (gm) (gm) (gm) (gm) (gm)
(783-438)
438 783 1147 936 =345 345
  =(936-438)-(1147-783)
    =345/134
          =2.57

TERMINATION OF FINENESS MODULAS & GRANDING OF C.A.

OBSERVATION AND RESULT:-
Coarse agg. As
IS:sieve wt. % of wt. cumulative % per IS 383
size retained retaivd wt. retaivd % finner (1970) FM/remark
80mm 0 0 0 100  
40mm 0 0 0 100  
20mm 2342gm 46.84 46.84 53.16  
10mm 2603gm 52.06 98.96 1.1   Algebric
4.75mm 55gm 1.1 100 0   summation of
2.36mm 0 0 100 0   cumulative
1.18mm 0 0 100 0   percentag
600H 0 0 100 0   weight retained
300H 0 0 100 0   in each IS:seive
150H 0 0 100 0   upto 150H
75H 0 0 E 745.74 0   devided by 100
PAN 0 0   0   =7.457 ~ 7.5= 8

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 Laboratory curve so C.A is of 20mm grade

Zoning for determination of grading of aggregate

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DETERMINATION OF SPECIPIC GRAVITY OF COARSE AGGREGATE
OBSERVATION AND RESULT

Empty wt. of wt. of sp. Gr. Of C.A.

wt.of sp. wt. of bottle+ bottle+CA+rest total full wt.of equal volume (w2-w1) /
Qr bottle partially filled part of water of water wt.C.A.(w2- of water as C.A. (w4- (w4-w1)-(w3-
(w1)gm C.A.(w2)gm (w3)gm (w4)gm w1)gm w1)-(w3-w2) w2)
=(971-422)-(1131-
671) 249
422 671 1131 971 249 89
=(549-460) = 2.79
          =89

DETERMINATION OF SPECIPIC GRAVITY OF

CEMENT

OBSERVATION AND
RESULT

SPECIPIC GRAVITY OF CEMENT WITH RESPECT TO KEROSIN:-

wt.of equal
Empty wt. of bottle+ wt. of Wt. of volume of sp. Gr. Of a2
wt.of sp. partially filled bottle+cement+res total full of wt.of cement as cement (w2-
Qr bottle Cement(w2)g t part of kerosin kero. cement(w2 kerosin (w4- w1) / (w4-
(w1)gm m (w3)gm (w4)gm -w1)gm w1)-(w3-w2) w1)-(w3-w2)
15 38 71 55 23 7 23
          7
            3.28

SPECIPIC GRAVITY OF KEROSIN WITH RESPECT TO WATER:-

wt.of equal
Empty wt. of wt. of volume of sp. Gr. Of
wt.of sp. wt. of bottle+ bottle+kerosin+res total full of wt.of kerosin as kerosin (w2-
Qr bottle partially filled t part of water water kerosin(w2 water (w4-w1)- w1) / (w4-
(w1)gm kerosin(w2)gm (w3)gm (w4)gm -w1)gm (w3-w2) w1)-(w3-w2)
15 36 61 60 21 20 21/20
            1.05

So sq. Gr. Of cement = 3.28/1.05 = 3.13

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CONCRETE MIX PROPORTIONING

1. STIPULATIONS FOR PROPOTIONING

A. GRADE DESIGNATION M25

B. TYPE OF CEMENT OPC 43 grade confirming to IS 8112
C.MAXIMUM NOMINAL SIZE OF AGGREGATE 20mm
D. MINIMUM CEMENT CONTENT 300 kg/m3
E. MAXIMUM WATER-CEMENT RATIO 0.5
F.WORKABILITY 75mm(slump)
G.EXPOSURE CONDITION Moderate(for reinforced concrete)
H.METHOD OF CONCRETE PLACING normal
I. DEGREE OF SUPERVISION good
J. TYPE OF AGGREGATE Crushed angular aggregate
K. MAXIMUM CEMENT CONTENT 450 kg/m3
L. CHEMICAL ADMIXTURE TYPE None

2. TEST DATE FOR MATERIALS

A. CEMENT USED open 43 grade confirming to IS 8112

B. SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF CEMENT 3.13
C. CHEMICAL ADMIXTURE None
D.SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF :
1) COARSE AGGREGATE 2.79
2) FINE AGGREGATE 2.54

e. Free (surface) moisture:

1) coarse aggregate :NIL( absorbed moisture nil)
2) fine aggregate :NIL

g. Sieve analysis:
1) coarse aggregate : Conforming to table 2 of IS 38320mm nominal size.
2) fine aggregate : Confirming to grading Zone iii of Table-4 of Is 383

Target strength for mix proportioning

f' ck= fck + 1.655
where
f'ck = target average compressive strength at 28 days
fck =characteristic compressive strength at 28 days,&
s = standard deviation
From Table 1 , standard deviation , s= 4 N/m2 therefore target strength = f'ck= fck+1.65s
.=25+(1.65x4)
=31.6N/mm2
Page-5
selection of water- cement Ratio
From Table 5 of IS 456 ,maximum water- cement ratio-0.5 Based on experience, adopt
Water-cement ratio as-0.43. 0.43<0.5, hence o.k.

selection of water content

from Table-2 maximum water content for 20 mm aggregate =186 litre( for 25 to 50 mm slump range)
N.B. if slump is required to increase 25mm then extra 3% of water is added.
Estimated water content for 75mm slump= 186+3/100x186
=191.58lt.
~192lt.
Calculation of cement content
Water content ratio =0.43
cement content =192/0.43 = 446.5
From Table 5 of IS 45, minimum cement content for 'severe' exposure condition = 320 kg/kg/m3
446.5 kg/m3 > 320 kg? m3. Hence , o.k.
Maximum cement content
for 'severe' exposure condition 450 kg/m3
SO,450 kg/m3 < 446.5 kg/m3,hence, o.k.

Proportion of volume of coarse Aggregate and Fine Aggregate content.

From Table 3, volume of coarse aggregate corresponding to 20mm size
aggregate and fine aggregate (Zone iii) for water-cement ratio of 0.43 + 0.64
In the present case water-cement ratio is 0.43. Therefore, volume of coarse
Aggregate is required to be increased to decrease the fine aggregate content.
As the water-cement ratio is lower by 0.10, the proportion of volume of coarse
aggregate is increased by 0.02 ( at the rate of -/+0.01 For every +0.05 change in water- cement ratio).
Mix calculations
The mix calculations per unit volume of concrete shall be as forrows:
a) Volume of concrete = 1m3
b) Volume of cement = Mass of cement x 1
specific gravity of cement 1000

= 446.5/3.13 x 1/100 = 0.143 m3

c) volume of water = Mass of water x 1

specific gravity of water 1000

.= 192/1 x 1/1000 = 0.192

Page-6
 d) volume of all in aggregate = [ a-(b+c)]
=[1-(0.143+0.192)]
=0.665
e) Mass of coarse aggregate = ex volume of coarse aggregate x specific gravity of coarse x 1000
=665 x .64 x 2.79 x 1000
= 1187.4 kg
f) Mass of fine aggregate = ex volume of coarse aggregate x specific gravity of fine aggregate x 1000
= 0.665 x 0.36 x 2.57 x 1000
= 615.3 kg

Result of 1st trial mix

cement:- 446.5 kg

sand:- 615.3 kg.

C.A:- 1187.4 kg

So c: sand: C.A = 446.5: 615.3: 1187.4 (by cot.)

= 1 :1038 : 2.66
SO FOR CUBE TEST
g) size of the cube mould = (150mm)3
=0.15*0.15*0.15
= 0.003375m3
h) Total amount of cement
cement-- 446.5 x 0.003375 = 1.51 kg
water--192 x 0.003375 = 650CC
coarse aggregate-- 1187.4 x 0.003375 = 4.0 kg
fine Aggregate-- 615.3 x 0.003375 = 2.08 kg

I) As the experiment purpose we use three number of cube moulds. So, the total estimate of mix
proportions for 3 No of mould
cement-- 3 x 1.51 kg = 4.53 kg
water--0.65 kg x 3 = 1.95 kg
coarse aggregate-- 3 x 4 kg = 12 kg
Fine Aggregate-- 3 x 2.03 kg = 6.24 kg.
J) As per experience, We see that in the hand botching process some amount of materials are
wastage, So, We have to decide 15 % of extra materials are added in total amount of materials.
In case of fine Aggregates bulking factor. Moisture content have to calculated for the mix proportions.
As, We not to do so , 20 % of extra fine aggregate again also added.
cement-- 4.53 + (4.53 x 15/100) = 5.21 kg
water--1.95 + ( 1.95 x 15/100) = 2.24 kg
coarse aggregate-- 12 + (12 x 15/100) = 13.8 kg
fine Aggregate-- 6.24 + (6.24 x 15/100) = 7.176 kg
7.176 + (7.176 x 20/100) = 8.6112 kg
Cement required per Cum = 4.53 kg/(3x0.15m x 0.15m x0.15m) = 447.41 kg = 0.313 Cum.

Page-7
Observation table of compressive strength of cube mould in m25 Grade:-

Max. bed compressive av. Compressive

SL. at Failure Area of cube strength strength
No. (N) mould (mm)2 (N/mm)2 ( N/mm2)
1 650000 22500 28.8
2 600000 22500 26.67 27.05
3 580000 22500 25.7

so, the compressive strength of the cube mould in M25 grade is 27.05 N/mm2. In 18 days.
we know that, strength of cube mould in 7 days becomes + 75%
strength of cub mould in 28 days becomes = 100%
So, the strength is increase in 21 days at 25%
our tested result in 18 days.
So, the tested result gap is 11 days.
So, the strength is increase in 21 days at 25%
the strength in increase in 11 days 25/21 x11
0.13%
So, our tested result strength becomes in18 days
.=(57+13)
.=88%
So, the actual strength is =27.05/.88
.=30.73 n/mm2 In 28 days

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