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I.E.S. (Conv.) - 2007

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

PAPER – I
Time Allowed: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 200
Candidates should attempt SIX questions, selecting TWO question from Section - A, ONE from Section - B, ONE
from Section - C and TWO from Section – D. Assume suitable data, if necessary and indicate the same clearly.

SECTION A
1. (a) A parallel plate capacitor of width w, Length l, and separation d has a solid dielectric slab of
permittivity  in the space between the plates. The capacitor is charged to a voltage Vo by a
battery, as shown in Figure 1 (below). Assuming that the dielectric slab is withdrawn to the
position shown, determine the force acting on the slab.
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(b) A uniform plane wave with the field components Ex and Hy has an electric field amplitude of
100 30° V/m and propagates at f = 2 MHz in a conductive region having the parameters  =
0,  = 90. and (/) = 0.5.
(i) Find the values of attenuation constant, phase constant, phase velocity, wavelength,
skin depth and intrinsic impedance for this wave.
(ii) Express the electric and magnetic fields in both their complex and real time forms,
with the numerical values of (i) inserted.
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(c) Region 1 (z < 0) is free space, whereas region 2(z > 0) is a material medium characterized by
a  = 10-4 (s/m),  = 50, and  = 0. For a uniform plane wave having the electric field
Ei  E0 cos  3 105 t  103  z  ax V / m 
incident normally on the interface z = 0 from region 1, obtain the expression for the
transmitted wave electric field.
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2. (a) Determine the overall transfer function C/R of the system shown below (Figure 2) by block
diagram reduction technique.
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(b) Draw the signal flow graph of the above system and verigy the results by using Mason’s gain
formula.
K  s  1
(c) A unity feedback control system has an open loop transfer function G  s   .
s  s  1
Show that the root loci of complex roots are part of a circle with (-1, 0) as centre and radius =
2 . Sketch the root locus with K as a variable parameter.
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5  s  3
3. (a) Consider G  s  H  s   . Sketch the complete Nyquist plot and then determine the
s  s  1
stability of the closed loop system
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(b) The transient response of a second order system when subjected to unit step input is found to

have peak overshoot of 16.2 per cent, occurring at a time t  seconds. If this system is
5 3
subjected to a sinusoidal input of 1 volt, determine (i) frequency of input at which amplitude
of steady state response will have maximum value, (ii) maximum value of steady state output.
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(c) The asymptotic log magnitude curve for open loop transfer function is sketched in Figure 3
below. Determine the transfer function.
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SECTION B
4. (a) Distinguish between metals, insulators and semiconductors.
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(b) What are the technically important superconductors? What are the physical changes observed
at the transition temperature? What are the general properties of superconductors?
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(c) Prove that “superconductors are perfectly diamagnetic”. Photoelectric threshold of metallic
copper is at  = 3000 A.U. Find out (i) the work function of the metal and (ii) maximum
kinetic energy of the photoelectrons ejected, when ultraviolet light of  = 2536 A.U. falls on
the metal surface. Given I A.U = 10-10 meter;
1 Joule = 1.6 × 10-19 eV.
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5. (a) What are the factors that will increase the dielectric loss in dielectric materials?
What properties should the insulating materials have to avoid breakdown?
What are the important applications of insulating materials?
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(b) Draw the variation of resistance with temperature in an intrinsic semiconductor.
Find the value of insulation resistance of a dielectric whose volume resistivity is 5 × 1016
ohm-m and surface resistivity is 1018 ohm.
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The dimensions of the dielectric are as follows:
The thickness through which the current flows = 5 cm
The length of the dielectric = 8 cm
The width of the dielectric = 3 cm.
(c) Distinguish between Dia, Para and Ferro magnetic materials.
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SECTION C
6. (a) For the network shown in Figure 4, determine the node voltages.
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(b) Calculate the voltage V across the resistance R in Figure 5 by the principle of superposition.
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(c) Write the driving-point impedance of the ladder network in Figure 6.

7. (a) In Figure 7, R = 200, L = 0.10H, C = 13.33 F, and VC (0-) = 200V. Obtain the current
transient, if the switch is closed at t = 0.
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(b) A three-phase, 4-wire, CBA system, with an effective line voltage of 169.7 V, has three
impedance of 20 -30°  in a Y-connection (Figure 8). Determine the line currents and draw
the voltage — current phasor diagram.
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(c) Compare the resonant frequency of the circuit shown in Figure 9 for R = 0 to that for R =
50
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SECTION D
8. (a) Describe the construction of a resistance standard of 1  value. Discuss the techniques used
to minimize the errors in this.
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(b) The limiting errors for a four dial resistance box are:
Units: ± 02% Tens ± 0.1%
Hundreds ± 0.05% Thousands ± 0.02%
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If the resistance value is set at 4325  calculate the limiting error for this value.
(c) Describe the constructional details and working of a single phase electrodynamometer type
of power factor meter. Prove that the displacement of moving system is equal to the phase
angle of the system.
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9. (a) What are the different problems associated with measurement of low resistances? Explain the
principle of working of Kelvin’s Double Bridge and explain how the effect of contact
resistance of leads is eliminated.
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(b) Prove that for electrodynamometer type of wattmeters:
cos 
True Power   actual wattmeter reading
cos  cos    
Where  = power factor of the circuit
L
  tan 1
R
where L and R are the inductance and resistance of the pressure coil.
Explain why errors are large when power factor is low.
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(c) Explain the advantages of electronic voltmeters over conventional type voltmeters. Describe
the circuit diagram of a differential amplifier type electronic voltmeter using two FETs.
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10. (a) Describe the use of thermocouple for the measurement of temperature.
A copper-constantan thermocouple with 0°C reference junction temperature was found to
have linear calibration between 0°C and 400°C and emf at maximum temperature equal to
20.68 mV. Determine (i) the correction which must he made to the indicated emf if the cold
junction temperature is 25°C, (ii) the temperature of the hot junction if the indicated emf is
8.92 mV with cold junction temperature of 25°C.
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(b) How is a differential output taken from an inductive transducer? Explain the advantages
when such inductive transducers are used for measurement of displacement.
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(c) What is multiplexing in telemetering system? Explain “Time Division Multiplexing” and
“Frequency Division Multiplexing”.
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