Grade 6 Teaching Plan

Perimeter and Area of 2D figures

1. Identifies the properties of a circle

Properties of a circle (1 period)

Circle is a common shape we find everywhere around us.

Discussion: Can you mention some objects that has a shape of circle?

Circle has some important properties which are described in the diagram as follow.

 A center of a circle, denoted with O, is a point right in the center of the circle.
 The distance from the center of a circle to any point around the circle is called radius (r), for
example from O to G.
 Diameter (d) of a circle is the distance between two points around the circle which pass through
the center. The line segment AB which passes the center O is an example of diameter of the circle
above.
 An Arc is the length of the route around the circle, for example arc CD is the length from C to D
around the circle.
 A Chord is the shortest distance between two end points of an arc. Can you see the difference
between arc CD and chord CD?
 A sector is a shape in a circle bounded by two radius and an arc, for example sector EOF is
bounded by EO, OF and arc EF.
 Perimeter or circumference of a circle is the length of one full rotation, for example the length
from point A round the circle until go back to the point A again.

Discussion: Properties of a circle

Use the word from the box to determine each part of the circles below.

(1) ____________ (2) ____________ (3) ____________ (4) ____________ (5) ____________

(6) ____________ (7) ____________ (8) ____________ (9) ____________ (10) ___________
2. Identifies the radius and diameter of a circle

Study the circle below.

Diameter (d) of a circle is the distance between two points around the circle which pass through the
center. The line segment AB which passes the center O is an example of diameter of the circle. Observe
that AO and OB is radius of the circle.

Discussion:

What is the relationship between the length of radius and diameter of a circle?

It is easy to see that diameter of a circle is always two times of the radius.

Another way to say it, radius of c circle is a half of the diameter

Discussion:

What is the diameter of a circle with radius is 10 cm?

To answer this, remember the relationship between diameter and radius of a circle.
 So, diameter of the circle is 20 cm.

Discussion:

What is the radius of a circle with diameter is 3 m?

To answer this, remember the relationship between radius and diameter of a circle.

Discussion: The relation between radius and diameter of a circle

Complete the table below.

3. Investigates the ratio between circumference to diameter of a circle

Math Activity 1: Investigates the ratio between circumference to diameter of a circle (1 period)
Collect circular shapes with various sizes. For each object, measure its diameter and circumference and
record the result on the table below. Use calculator to calculate and round the result up to 2 decimal
places.

No Name of Objects Circumference (C) Diameter (d) Cd

10
Math Activity 2: Investigates the ratio between circumference to diameter of a circle (1 period)

Like the previous activity, we will investigate the relationship between diameter and circumference of a
circle by rolling paper circle on a ruler.

Prepare various paper circles with dimension as shown below.

Measure the circumference of the circles by rolling it on a ruler, as shown below.

Record the result in the diagram below.

Diameter (d) Circumference (C) C/d

4 cm

5 cm

6 cm

7 cm

8 cm

Discussion:
Is there a relationship between diameter and circumference of a circle?

Circumference of circle and its diameter always have the same ratio. When we divide the circumference
by its diameter, we will get the same number which is around 3.14 or 22/7. This number is called pi or in
Greek letter .

The relation between circumference (C) of a circle, its diameter (d) and  is described below:

or

Since diameter = 2  radius, then we can also write the formula for circumference of the circle as follow

Uses formula to find circumference of a circle (1 period)

Let’s use the formulas above to solve problems below.

What is the perimeter of a circle with diameter 14 cm?

Write the relationship between perimeter and diameter of a circle,

We could use  = 22/7 or 3.14 in calculation.

 = 22/7

 = 3.14,

Discussion:
Which value of  give more benefit in the calculation above, 22/7 or 3.14? Explain.

Study the second problem below.

What is the perimeter of a circle with radius 10 cm?

Write the relationship between perimeter and diameter of a circle,

We could use  = 22/7 or 3.14 in calculation.

 = 22/7
  = 3.14,

Discussion:
Which value of  give more benefit in the calculation above, 22/7 or 3.14? Explain.
When should we use  = 22/7 in calculation?

Discussion: Finding circumference of a circle

Find the circumference of a circle with diameter given as follow.

Diameter Circumference

7 cm

21 cm

10 m

12 m
 28 m

Find the circumference of a circle with radius given as follow.

Radius Circumference

7 cm

21 cm

100 cm

8m

28 m

Solve the problem below correctly.

 Pak Amir wants to make a circle border for his cattle. If the diameter of the fence is 50 m,
how long is the circumference of the border?

 Amy makes a circle with radius 6 cm. What is the circumference of the circle?
4. Finds the area of circles

Math Activity: Determining area of a circle (1 period)

One method which usually used to determine the area of a circle is by dividing the circle into sectors and
re-arranges it into a parallelogram-like shape, as shown on the diagram below.

The height of the parallelogram equals to the radius of the circle, and the base equals to half
circumference of the circle, which is   r.

As we can observe, the shape is not really a parallelogram because the egdes are bumpy. However, if we
divide the circle into more sectors, the edges become less bumpy. The shape become really close to a
paralellogram, as shown below.

So, we can calculate the area of a circle with radius r by calculating the area of a parallelogram with base
is   r and height r.
Now we can derive the formula of a circle as follow,

So,

Now, let’s use the formula above to find the area of circles.
Discussion:
Find the area of circles with diameter 20 cm.

To solve the problem, first write the formula to find area of a circle,

From the formula, we need the value of the radius of the circle. Since diameter of the circle is 20 cm, then
the radius is 20 cm  2, which is 10 cm.

Now, we know that the radius is 10 cm. let’s use  = 3.14 to solve the problem.

Therefore, the area of the circle with diameter 20 cm is 314 cm2

Discussion: Finding area of a circle
Find the area of a circle with information given as follow.

Circle Area

radius = 7 cm

radius = 21 cm

radius = 20 m

diameter = 12 m

diameter = 28 m

radius = 8.5 cm
5. Finds perimeter and area of semi circles and quarter circles

Finds area of semi circles and quarter circle (1 period)

When we divide a circle into two equal parts, each part is called a semi circle.

When the circle is divided into four equal parts, each part is called a quarter circle.

Discussion:
How to find the area of a semicircle and a quarter circle?

Area of a semicircle is a half of the area of circle with the same radius.

Area of a quarter circle is a quarter of the area of circle with the same radius.

Study the example below.

 Find the area of semicircle and a quarter circle with radius 7 cm.

Area of the semicircle above is half of the area of circle with radius 7 cm.

Therefore the area of semicircle with radius 7 cm is 77 cm2.

Area of the quarter circle is a quarter of the area of circle with radius 7 cm.

Therefore the area of quarter circle with radius 7 cm is 38.5 cm2.

Discussion: Finding area of semicircle and quarter circle
Find the area of the shape below.

Area of shape A Area of shape B Area of shape C

Finds perimeter of semicircles and quarter circles (1 period)

Study the semicircle below.

To determine perimeter of the semicircle, observe first that the perimeter consist of two parts, the arc and
the diameter.
Therefore, perimeter of semicircle is calculate as follow,

Next, study the quarter circle below.

Observe first that the perimeter of the quarter circle consist of the arc part and the two radius part.

Therefore, perimeter of quarter circle is calculate as follow,

Study the example below.

Find the perimeter of semicircle and a quarter circle with radius 7 cm.

Perimeter of the semicircle and quarter circle above is calculated as follow,

Therefore the perimeter of semicircle with radius 7 cm is 36 cm, and the perimeter of quarter circle with
radius 7 cm is 25 cm
Discussion: Finding perimeter of semicircle and quarter circle
Find the perimeter of the shape below.

Perimeter of shape A Perimeter of shape B Perimeter of shape C

6. Determines the radius of a circle given the area or circumference of the circle.

Finding radius of circle with its circumference given(1 period)

From previous section we know that the relationship between radius and circumference of a circle is
described in the formula below.

If we know the circumference of a circle, we can also find out the radius of the circle. Study the problem
below.

Determine the radius of a circle with circumference 88 cm.

To solve this problem, start by writing the relationship between radius and circumference and input all
information given from the problem, as shown below.

From here, we can determine the radius if both sides is multiplied by 7/44 so we can cancle 44/7 in the
right side,

The radius of circle with circumference 88 cm is 14 cm.

Next, let’s do another example

Determine the radius of a circle with circumference 157 cm.

(use  = 3.14)

First, write the relationship between radius and circumference and input all information given from the
problem,

From here, we can determine the radius if both sides is divided by 6.28 so we can cancel 6.28 in the right
side,

The radius of circle with circumference 88 cm is 14 cm.

Discussion: Determining radius of a circle with circumference is given

Find the radius of circle with circumference 176 Find the radius of circle with circumference 125.6
cm. (Use  = 22/7) cm. (Use  = 3.14)

Finding radius of circle given its area (1 period)

From previous section we know that the relationship between radius and area of a circle is described in the
formula below.

If we know the area of a circle, we can also find out the radius of the circle. Study the problem below.

Determine the radius of a circle with area 616 cm2.

To solve this problem, start by writing the relationship between radius and circumference and input all
information given from the problem, as shown below.

From here, we can cancel 22/7 in the right side if both sides is multiplied by 7/22,

Lastly, we need to find numbers which multiplied by itself becomes 196. The number is square root of
196, which is 14.

Therefore, the radius of circle with area 616 cm2 is 14 cm.

Discussion: Determining radius of a circle with circumference is given

Find the radius of circle with area 154 cm2. (Use  Find the radius of circle with rea 200.96 cm2. (Use
= 22/7)  = 3.14)

Find the radius of circle with area 1386 cm2. (Use  Find the radius of circle with rea 1256 cm2. (Use 
= 22/7) = 3.14)
7. Finds perimeter and area of composites figures involving quadrilaterals and circles
Discussion: Finds perimeter and area of composites figures involving quadrilaterals and circles (1 period)

Find perimeter and area of the shaded part in the shapes below.