UTM

UNIVERSm TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER I SESSION 2015/2016

COURSE CODE : SSE/SSCE 1793

COURSE NAME : DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

PROGRAMME SKKB, SKKK, SKMB, SKMI, SKMM, SKMV,

SKMT, SKPG, SKPN,SKPP, SKAW, SKEE,
SKEL.

LECTURERS EN. MUHAMMAD FAUZEE HAMDAN

DR HALIZA ABDUL RAHMAN
DR SYARIFAH ZYURINA NORDIN
TN. HJ. MOHD RADZI POH

DATE 29 DECEMBER 2015

DURATION 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTION ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.

(THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 9 PRINTED PAGES INCLUDING THIS PAGE)

 SSE/SSCE 1793

QUESTION 1(20 MARKS)

a) The following equation

(3xy^ + ye^)dx + {Zx^y + Ce® - l)dy = 0.

is exact. Show that C = 1, and find its general solution.

(5 marks)

b) Find the solution to the Bernoulli’s equation

dy o .
----- y tanx = y sina:.
dx
(7 marks)

c) A bowl of porridge is placed in a room with temperature of 25°C. After 15

minutes, the porridge has cooled from 80°C to 40°C. The process satisfies the
Newton’s law of cooling given by

where T{t) is the porridge’s temperature at time t, Tg is the room temperature

and A: is a constant. Find T{t) and hence determine the temperature of the
porridge after one hour.
(8 marks)

QUESTION 2 (15 M ARKS)

a) Find the general solution of the third order differential equation

y"' + 2 y ” - y ' - 2 y = ^ e ^ \

(7 marks)
 SSE/SSCE 1793

b) The equation for RLC circuit is governed by

L ^ + RI + ^ = E{t)
at c

dq
where I is the current in the circuit and I — L is the inductance of the
dt
resistor, R is the resistance of the resistor, q is the charge across the capacitor,
c is the capacitance of the capactor, t is the time.
Suppose an R L C series circuit has a voltage source given by E{t) = 90V, an
inductor of 3 henries , a resistor of 18 ohms, and a capacitor of 1/27 farad.
If the initial current is zero and the initial charge of the capacitor is zero
coulombs, determine the current in the circuit for i > 0 .
(8 marks)

QUESTION 3 (15 M ARKS)

a) Find sin t}.

(3 marks)

b) Given the periodic function f{t)

3, 0 < < < 1

m =
t, 1<t <2

f i t ) = f i t + 2 ).

Find C { f { t ) } .
(4 marks)

c) Use the method of Laplace transform to solve

dy 2«
- - f - 2 y = t^6 {t - 2 )
df^ dt

given that y(0) = 0 and y'(0) = 0.

(8 marks)
 SSE/SSCE 1793

QUESTION 4 (15 MARKS)

a) Use convolution theorem to find

£ -1
(s2 + 9)^

(7 marks)

b) Solve the first order linear system

dt
dx

with y{ 0 ) - 1 and x( 0 ) = 2 .
(8 marks)

QUESTION 5 (15 M ARKS)

Given the periodic function f {x )

1, —7T< X < 0
X, 0 < X < 7T
f { x ) = f { x + 2 TT).

(i) Sketch the graph for f {x ) from - tt < x < Stt.

(3 marks)

(ii) Obtain the Fourier Series expansion of f{x).

(12 marks)
 SSE/SSCE 1793

QUESTION 6 (20 MARKS)

a) Use the D’Alembert solution method to solve the wave equation

^ = 3 6 ^ . -< ^ < x < c o ,t> 0

subject to the initial conditions

du
u ( x , 0 ) = cosx, — (x , 0 ) — x^.
ot

(5 marks)

b) The equation representing the temperature of a rod 2m long at point x and

at time t is
Ut - Uxx-

The temperature at both ends are both 0, i.e tt(0, t) — u{2, t) = 0. In addition,
the initial temperature at x is w(x, 0) = x{2 —x). Determine the solution of
the heat equation.
(15 marks)
 SSCE 1793

LISTS OF FORMULAE

Trigonometric Hiperbolic

cos^ X + sin^ X = 1 - e“*

sinhx =
1 + tan^ X — sec^ x 2
+ e“*
cot^ a: + 1 = cosec^a; coshx =
sin 2 i = 2 sin x cos x cosh* X —sinh* x = 1
cos 2x = cos* X —sin^ x 1 —tanh* X = sech*x
= 2 cos* x - \ coth* X —1 = cosech*x
= 1 - 2sin*a; sinh 2x = 2 sinh x cosh x
2 tana;
tan 2x = --------- TT—- cosh 2x = cosh* x + sinh* x
l - ta n * a ;
= 2 cosh* X - 1
sin(a: ± y) = sin i cos i/ ± cos x sin y
= 1 + 2 sinh* X
cos(a; ± y ) — cos x c o s y T sin x sin y
, . ta n x ita n j/ , 2 tanh x
tan(x ± 3/) = r — ------:----- tanh 2x = -----------«—
l= F ta n ita n y 1 + tanh X
2 sin x c o s y = sin(i + y) + sin(a; —y) sinh(x ± y) = sinh x cosh y ± cosh x sinh y
2 sin Xsin y = —cos(x + y) + cos(x —y) cosh(x ± y) = cosh x cosh y ± sinh x sinh y
tanh X ± tanh y
2 cos Xcos y = cos(x + y) + cos(x - y) tanh(x ± y) =
1 ± tanh Xtanh y

Logarithm Inverse Hiperbolic

qI __ g l l n a
sinh X = ln(x + \/x* + 1), —oo < x < oo
logfcX cosh“ ^ X = ln(x + \/x* - 1), X > 1
lo g o X =
log(,a
tanh~^ X = i In > -1 < x < 1
 SSCE 1793

D ifferentiations In te g ra tio n s

■^[k] = 0 ,
ax
k constant J kdx = kx + C
/x " d x = ^ ^ + C , n ^ - l
J n+1

J ^ = ln\x\ + C
-^[cosx] = -sin a;
ax
J sinxdx = —cosx + C
— Ism a:] = cosa;
dx
j cosxdx = sinx + C
-^ [ta n i] = sec^x
ax
J sec^xdx = ta n x + C
^ [c o tx ] = —cosec^a: J cose.c?x dr; = —cot x + C
-^[secx] = seca;tanx
ax
J se c x tm x d x = secx + C
^ [cosec x] = —cosec Xcot X
QX
J cosec a' cot dx = —cosec x + C
J e*dx = e® + C
-^[coshx] = sinhx
ax
J sinhxdx = cosh x + C
^ [sinhx] —coshx J cosh x d x —sinh x + C
^ [ta n h x ] = sech^x
ax
J sech^x dx = tanh x + C
^ [c o th x ] = —cosech^x
ax
J cosech^x dx = —coth x + C
^[sech x ] = —sechxtanhx J sechxtanhxdx = —sechx + C
^[cosechx] = —cosech Xcoth X J cosech Xcoth x d x = —cosech x + C
ax
In 1sec X + tan x[ = sec x J s e c x d x = :h i|s e c x + tan x| + C
dx
In [cosecx + cot x| = —cosec x J cosecxdx = —hi|cosecx + cot x| + C
 SSCE 1793

Diflferentiations o f Integrations R esulting

Inverse Functions in Inverse Functions

H < 1-
—1 du . . .
- [ c o s - 1 K] =
y /r ^ dx’ N < i-
J a ^+x ^ a \a/
1 du
-[ta n -1 «] =
1+ dx'
f P U c.
—1 du J \x\y/x^ — n
^[cot-i«] =
1+ dx'
du . ,
£[sec-i«] =
|u|Vu^ - 1 dx M > 1 -
x:-

— rIcosec - 1 u\
1 '■
ax dx’
dx
^[sinh i«]
dx y/Z m
du
dx I - x^

1 du - tanh 1 ( - ) + C, |xl < a,

[cosh w] = a \o /
dx Vtt^ - 1 dx' N > 1 -
IZ^
- coth-i ( - ) + C, |a;| > a.
-^[tanh 1«] a \a/
dx 1 —u2 dx'
dx

dx
[coth u] =
1 -‘ dx' M > 1- I xVa^ -
--se ch -i ( - ) + C ,
a \a/
0 < x < a.
^[sech !«]
ax u vT ^ dx' dx

— [cosech ^u]
-1 J xVa'^ + x^ 0 < x <a.
dx |w|Vl + u^ dx
 SSCE 1793
fOO
Laplace Transforms F{s) = / f(t)e
Jo
m F{s)

n!
e , n = 1 ,2 ,3 ,...
s"+i
1
e“‘
s —a
s
cosat
+ 0^
a
sin at
s
cosh at
a
sinh at
F (s - a)
d^F
t”/W . n = 1 ,2 ,3 ,...

dV(t)
dtn
„ _ i1 2. 23, 3 , . . . s"F (s) - s"-V (0 ) - s " -V '(0 )

f{at), a > 0 iF (-)

a \a/
m F{u) du
t

H{ t - o)
5
f { t - a)H{t - a) e— F(s)
as
8{t - a)

fm t-a ) e-“7(a)

/ f{u)g(t-u)du F{s)G{s)
Jo
F[s)
ff{u)du
Jo
f ( t) = f { t + T)

Convolution Theorem C ^ {F(s)G(s)} = f f{u)g{t-u)du

Jo