DESIGN THINKING

What is Design Thinking?

Design Thinking is both an ideology and a process, concerned with
solving complex problems in a highly user – centric way. Design Thinking is an approach
used for practical and creative problem – solving. It is based heavily on the methods and
processes that designers use, but it has actually evolved from a range of different fields –
including architecture, engineering and business. Design Thinking can also be applied to any
filed; it doesn’t necessarily have to be design specific.
Design Thinking is also associated with prescriptions for the innovation
of products and services within business and social context. Design Thinking is not an
exclusive property of designers – all great innovators in literature, art, music, science also
have practiced it.

Design Thinking Process: -

The Hasso Planter Institute of design at Stanford, commonly known as
the d. school, describes design thinking as a five – stage process. It’s important to note these
stages are not always sequential and designers can often run the stages in parallel, out of
order and repeat them in an iterative fashion.
The various stages of design thinking should be understood as different
modes which contribute to the entire design project, rather than sequential steps. The ultimate
goal throughout is to derive as deep an understanding of the product and its users as possible.

A Five – stage Process: -

The five stages are as follows:

Empathize
Define
Ideate
Prototype
Test
➢ Empathize:
The Research Your User’s Needs
➢ Define:
The State Your User’s Needs and Problems
➢ Ideate:
Challenges Assumptions and Create Ideas
➢ Prototype:
Start to Create Solutions
 ➢ Test:
Try Your Solutions Out

Problem: -
Design Supply Chain model for Essential Commodities to reach
Direct to Home (DTH) with impact of Corona Virus Epidemic.

Corona Virus: -
Corona Virus disease is an infectious disease caused by a new virus,
which is also named as COVID – 19. The disease causes respiratory illness with symptoms
such as a cough, fever, and in more severe cases, difficulty in breathing. You can protect
yourself by washing your hands frequently, avoiding touching your face, avoiding close
contact with people who are unwell. The virus is named after its shape which takes the form
of a crown with protrusions around it hence is known as Coronavirus.
The recent outbreak of corona virus is believed to have occurred in a
market for illegal wildlife in the central Chinese city of Wuhan. Chinese health authorities
and WHO are investing the outbreak of the recent coronavirus.
Since it’s a new strain, there is no specific vaccine that can treat it.
However, according to the WHO “many of the symptoms can be treated and therefore
treatment based on the patient’s clinical condition”.
India has expanded screening of international travellers. Few Indian
travellers who were found with the coronavirus strain have been isolated and treated before
their release.
Worries are mounting that prolonged quarantines, supply chain
disruptions and a sharp reduction in tourism and business travel could weaken the global
economy or even cause a recession.

Empathize: -
The first stage of the design thinking process is to gain an empathic
understanding of the problem you are trying to solve. This involves consulting experts to find
out more about the area of concern through observing, engaging and empathizing with people
to understand their experiences and motivations, as well as immersing yourself in the
physical environment so we can gain a deeper personal understanding of the issues involved.
Empathy is crucial to a human – centred design process such as design thinking, and empathy
allows design thinkers to set aside their own assumptions about the world in order to gain
insight into users and their needs.

List of problems: -
 Daily labour workers aren’t even getting food due to COVID –
19 lockdowns. What is the way to provide them with essential
commodities?
People who are working in emergency services like police,
doctors, nurses can’t get essential commodities as they will be
attending to their duties. What can be done to help them to get
essential commodities?
Due to Covid – 19 lockdown there is no transportation available
for rural people to sell their products in urban areas?
At the time of this Covid- 19 lockdown only for a specific period
of time the retailers are allowed to sell essential commodities. So,
in this situation what can be done to preserve left over essential
commodities?
Some people who are very health conscious or old age people
who were being afraid to buy essential commodities by stepping
out of their homes. So, what can be done to reach commodities to
those people?
Rations are being supplied by government in ration shops belt
there is a chance of more crowding. So, how this problem can be
solved?

Define: -
During the define stage, you put together the information you have
created and gathered during the empathize stage. This is where you will analyse your
observation and synthesise them in order to define the core problems that our team have
identified up to this point.
The define stage will help the designers in your team gather great ideas
to establish features, functions, and any other elements that will allow them solve the problem
or, at the very least, allow users to resolve issues themselves with the minimum of difficulty.
In the define stage you will start to progress to the third stage ideate.by asking questions
which can help you look for ideas for solutions by asking “How Might We….”

Problems: -
How might we provide essential commodities to daily
labour/wage workers?
How might we solve the problems faced by emergency workers
to buy their essentials?
How might we help rural people to reach their products or
commodities to customers in same area or other places?
How might we draw a solution as how to preserve the unsold
essential commodities?
 How might we help health conscious or old age people in getting
their essential commodities direct to their place?
How might we supply ration given by the government directly to
the people?

Ideate: -
During the third stage of the design thinking process, designers are ready
to start generating ideas. You’ve grown understand your users and their needs in the
empathise stage, we have analysed and synthesised your observations in the define stage, and
ended up with a human – centred problem statement. There are hundreds of ideation
techniques:
❖ Brainstorm
❖ Brain write
❖ Worst possible idea
❖ Scamper
It is important to get as many ideas or problem solutions as possible at
the beginning of the ideation phase. We should pick some other ideation techniques by the
end of the ideation phase to help you to investigate and test your ideas so you can find the
best way to either solve a problem or provide the elements required to circumvent it.

Solutions: -
Nothing demonstrates the volatility of commodity makes better than the
title of this blog. In just few days, the virus went from a serious problem in chain to a global
health emergency impacting more than a dozen countries. As the coronavirus spreads, there is
a cascading effect that runs through commodity markets, disrupting commodity trading
across the world.
The government can have a meeting with all the party members and
follow some steps:
➢ The commodities that are needed should get from the framers by government
servicers. The essential commodities are being supplied to every corner of the
country. The commodities should be covered up properly. Sanitizing the commodities
or cleaning with salt water. After reaching the commodities it should be stored in a
place with a constant temperature.

➢ Recently the government also made an agreement to deliver essential commodities to

home delivery by using online. Like when a person orders some vegetables that list
has been send to local retailers who has got permission from the government sector.
➢ Then he will send the list to the server. The server then finds out near by where the
items are available with the help of interest by updating information in online by local
peoples.

➢ After all the items are delivered to the retailers then retailers again clean the
commodities with salt water and then pack with aluminium covers. Where aluminium
covers projects the items with heat, viruses, and much more. If in case commodities
are not available in the particular area then the service agents should go to the near by
place where the commodities are available and make the commodities available in
every area, where we can restrict people from coming out of house.

➢ In some of the cities retail markets are trying to start door delivery where we can
avoid people coming out. The retail stores do door delivery of essential commodities
direct to home. For this kind of system the retail stores are publishing their numbers in
specified local news papers and local Tv channels so the people can get to know the
information and where people can start utilising the services provided by the retail
marts which took permission from the government to help the people to get essential
commodities direct to home at the time of Covid – 19 lockdown.

➢ These is will be even very useful for the emergency workers who are serving the
country at the time of Covid – 19 Lockdown. People like doctors, nurses, police and
other common people or government agents’ families will be getting the more help
while they cannot step of the house and their family member cannot bring them as
they are busy in serving people.

➢ The health-conscious people and old age people can also get help through this system
where it helps in social distancing from one to other during the Covid – 19 time.

➢ In some of the rural areas the village heads are directly buying a bulk of all essential
commodities and making them available in their area so people doesn’t go out in
search of essential commodities for longer distance. This is also one supply chain
model where village heads are directly making the essentials to be delivered at the
door foot step of the people.

➢ Even the government rations where people use to go in large number near the ration
belt shop for taking their portion of ration. So, government has come up with idea that
they will appoint some volunteers those who are ready to help government. This
supply chain model will be like government sends the ration to a particular volunteer
in that area and he goes door step for every house and distributes the ration. This
helps the people at the time of Covid – 19 lockdown.

➢ Due to Covid – 19 lockdown there is no transportation. So, the government come up

with an idea that the government will buy all the essential commodities from the
farmers directly and sell them to retailers. Here government has made a strict rule that
only the essential commodities can be transported.
 ➢ There is one more idea that government can design an app for ordering the essential
commodities and the list will be sent to the nearest retail store from where the
commodities will be directly delivered to home. In this app government has to add
only certain retail stores which can make most of the essential commodities available
in their store. And it should be monitored properly.

Sources: -
All the above information we have gathered is from of the references
like:

➢ News channels
➢ News papers
➢ Neighbour hood
➢ By Web Browsing.