Scribd
Upload
46 views5 pages

Basicon 2 Term, SY 2002-2003: Number System Base Symbols

This document discusses different number systems including binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal. It provides details on how to convert between these number systems as well as the rules for performing arithmetic in each system. Binary, octal, and hexadecimal addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division are demonstrated through examples.

Uploaded by

Bidhiidhi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
46 views5 pages

Basicon 2 Term, SY 2002-2003: Number System Base Symbols

This document discusses different number systems including binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal. It provides details on how to convert between these number systems as well as the rules for performing arithmetic in each system. Binary, octal, and hexadecimal addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division are demonstrated through examples.

Uploaded by

Bidhiidhi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

BASICON

2nd Term, SY 2002-2003

Number System
• The radix or base defines the number of symbols needed to represent all possible numbers in
the number system.

Number System Base Symbols


Decimal 10 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Binary 2 0, 1
Octal 8 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Hexadecimal 16 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F

Number System Conversion

A. Decimal ⇔ Binary

To convert decimal number to binary, continually divide the number by 2 until the quotient is
zero. The remainders give the binary representation of the number in reverse order.

Example: 1410 = 11102

Remainder
2 ) 14 0
2 ) 7 1
2 ) 3 1
2 ) 1 1
0

To convert binary number to decimal, multiply the binary digits by the correct power of 2 and
sum them.

Example: 11102 = 1410

11102 = 1 x 23 + 1 x 22 + 1 x 21 + 0 x 20
=1x8+1x4+1x2+0x1
=8+4+2
= 1410

B. Decimal ⇔ Octal

To convert decimal number to octal, continually divide the number by 8 until the quotient is
zero. The remainders give the octal representation of the number in reverse order.

Example: 2310 = 278

Remainder
8 ) 23 7
8 ) 2 2
0

To convert octal number to decimal, multiply the octal digits by the correct power of 8 and
sum them.

Page 1 of 5
BASICON
2nd Term, SY 2002-2003

Example: 278 = 2310

278 = 2 x 81 + 7 x 80
=2x8+7x1
= 16 + 7
= 2310

C. Decimal ⇔ Hexadecimal

To convert decimal number to hexadecimal, continually divide the number by 16 until the
quotient is zero. The remainders give the hexadecimal representation of the number in
reverse order.

Example: 4610 = 2E16

Remainder
16 ) 46 14 = E
16 ) 2 2
0

To convert hexadecimal number to decimal, multiply the hexadecimal digits by the correct
power of 16 and sum them.

Example: 2E16 = 4610

2E16 = 2 x 161 + 14 x 160


= 2 x 16 + 14 x 1
= 32 + 14
= 4610

D. Binary ⇔ Octal

To convert binary number to octal, binary digits are grouped into threes starting from the
right hand end of the bit pattern and padding the leftmost group with zeros to make a pattern
of three (if necessary). Each group of three is coded as a single octal digit similar to
converting 3 binary digits to decimal.

Example: 110102 = 328

011 010
3 2

To convert octal number to binary, each octal digit is expanded into the equivalent 3 binary
digits.

Example: 328 = 011 0102

3 2
011 010

Page 2 of 5
BASICON
2nd Term, SY 2002-2003

E. Binary ⇔ Hexadecimal

To convert binary number to hexadecimal, binary digits are grouped into fours starting from
the right hand end of the bit pattern and padding the leftmost group with zeros to make a
pattern of four (if necessary). Each group of four is coded as a single hexadecimal digit
similar to converting 4 binary digits to decimal.

Example: 1010102 = 2A16

0010 1010
2 10 (A)

To convert hexadecimal number to binary, each hexadecimal digit is expanded into the
equivalent 4 binary digits.

Example: 2A16 = 0010 10102

2 A
0010 1010

Binary Arithmetic

Addition Rules: Subtraction Rules:


0+0=0 0–0=0
0+1=1 0 – 1 = 1 borrow 2
1+0=1 1–0=1
1 + 1 = 0 carry 1 1–1=0

Multiplication Rules: Division Rules:


0x0=0 0 ÷ 0 = undefined
0x1=0 0÷1=0
1x0=0 1 ÷ 0 = undefined
1x1=1 1÷1=1

Example: Binary Addition


1 1 0 0
+ ) 1 1 0 1 0
1 0 1 1 0

Example: Binary Subtraction


0 2
1 1 0 0
- ) 1 0 1 0
0 0 1 0

Page 3 of 5
BASICON
2nd Term, SY 2002-2003

Example: Binary Multiplication


1 1 0 0
X ) 1 0 1 0
0 0 0 0
1 1 0 0
0 0 0 0
1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 0 0 0

Example: Binary Division


1 1 r. 1
1 0 ) 1 1 1
1 0 ↓
1 1
1 0
1

Octal Arithmetic

Example: Octal Addition


1
3 5
+ ) 1 4 6
1 0 3

Example: Octal Subtraction


0 10 13
1 3 5
- ) 4 6
6 7

Example: Octal Multiplication


2 3
X ) 1 5
10 15
2 3
2 13 15
1 1
3 6 7

Page 4 of 5
BASICON
2nd Term, SY 2002-2003

Hexadecimal Arithmetic

Example: Hexadecimal Addition


1
2 A
+ ) 1 E E
1 1 8

Example: Hexadecimal Subtraction


0 18 21
1 3 5
- ) 5 D
D 8

Example: Hexadecimal Multiplication


2 3
X ) 3 5
10 15
6 9
6 19 15
1
7 3 F

Page 5 of 5

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy