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Chapter 2

The mitochondrion is called the "power generator" of the cell because it converts energy into a usable form for cells. Membranes consist of a phospholipid bilayer with hydrophilic heads facing out and hydrophobic tails facing in. This structure allows membranes to function as barriers within cells and control diffusion. The current plasma membrane model is called the "fluid-mosaic" model because the membrane is made up of different molecules that are constantly moving and changing positions, like tiles in a mosaic, within the fluid phospholipid bilayer. An osmotic gradient would show heavier solute molecules on one side and lighter solvent molecules on the other. Some animal cells can transport materials against a concentration gradient through active transport, which is

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156 views1 page

Chapter 2

The mitochondrion is called the "power generator" of the cell because it converts energy into a usable form for cells. Membranes consist of a phospholipid bilayer with hydrophilic heads facing out and hydrophobic tails facing in. This structure allows membranes to function as barriers within cells and control diffusion. The current plasma membrane model is called the "fluid-mosaic" model because the membrane is made up of different molecules that are constantly moving and changing positions, like tiles in a mosaic, within the fluid phospholipid bilayer. An osmotic gradient would show heavier solute molecules on one side and lighter solvent molecules on the other. Some animal cells can transport materials against a concentration gradient through active transport, which is

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© © All Rights Reserved
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1) Why is the mitochondrion called the "power generator" of the

cell? It converts energy so a cell can use it


2) One of the larger facts of modern zoology can be described as
"membrane biology." What common principles unite the diverse
funtions of membranes? Membranes commonly consist of a
phospholipid bilayer, hydrophilic phosphate heads that face
outwards, hydrophobic tails that face inwards. Membranes also
function as barriers to keep the organelles within the cell, provide
structure, and allows diffusion when necessary.
3) Why is the current model of the plasma membrane called the
"fluid-mosaic" model? What is the fluid, and what sense is it fluid?
Whta makes up the mosaic? Scientists uses this model to show
how a cell membrane looks and functions. The membrane is
made up of many different molecules with different patterns, this
makes up the mosaic. The molecules are constantly moving in a
fluid motion (the fluid part).
4) If you could visualize osmosis, seeing the solute and solvent
particles as individual entities, what would an osmotic gradient
look like? Heavier molecules on one side and the lighter
molecules on the other side
5) Why can some animal cells transport materials against a
concentration gradient? Could animals survive without this
capability? Please explain why you chose yes or no. Active
transport helps maintain homeostasis. Without homeostasis
organs begin to fail, body temperature cannot remain stable so an
animal could either die of hyperthermia or hypothermia.

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