Scribd
Upload
103 views24 pages

Pressuremeter Test: Experiment No. 05

The document summarizes a pressure meter test procedure. A pressure meter test involves inserting a cylindrical probe into a pre-drilled borehole and inflating it to measure the soil's pressure-volume response. As pressure is increased, the probe presses against the borehole wall and the soil deforms, allowing measurement of changes in borehole volume. Pressure-volume data is used to determine soil properties like modulus and shear strength. The procedure involves zeroing the probe volume, incrementally increasing pressure while recording volumes, and plotting the pressure-volume curve to analyze results.

Uploaded by

rishav baishya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
103 views24 pages

Pressuremeter Test: Experiment No. 05

The document summarizes a pressure meter test procedure. A pressure meter test involves inserting a cylindrical probe into a pre-drilled borehole and inflating it to measure the soil's pressure-volume response. As pressure is increased, the probe presses against the borehole wall and the soil deforms, allowing measurement of changes in borehole volume. Pressure-volume data is used to determine soil properties like modulus and shear strength. The procedure involves zeroing the probe volume, incrementally increasing pressure while recording volumes, and plotting the pressure-volume curve to analyze results.

Uploaded by

rishav baishya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 24

Experiment No.

05

PRESSUREMETER TEST

IS: 1892-1979; ASTM D 4719

Prof. Sowmiya Chawla


Pressure meter
✓ Menard developed a pressure meter for determining the stress-deformation
characteristics of the soils in the natural conditions.

✓ A pressure meter test is an in situ stress-strain test performed on the wall of a


borehole using a cylindrical probe that is expanded radially.

✓ This test method includes the procedure for drilling the borehole, inserting the
probe, and conducting pressure meter tests in both granular and cohesive soils,
but does not include high pressure testing in rock.
✓ The pressure meter consists of an
inflatable cylindrical probe which is
connected to a water reservoir.

✓ The probe is inserted into the bore hole


and it is inflated by applying water
pressure.

✓ The probe presses against the walls of the


bore hole.

✓ As the pressure is increased, the soil


deforms.

✓ The volumetric deformation of the bore


hole is obtained by noting the fall in water
level in the water reservoir.
✓ Knowledge of the type of soil in which each pressure meter test is to be made is
necessary for assessment of:
▪ the method of boring or probe placement, or both
▪ the interpretation of the test data, and
▪ the reasonableness of the test results.

✓ The soil is initially in the state of elastic phase but it enters the plastic phase at
high pressure.
✓ After the plastic stage, there is no change in the volume with further increase in
the pressure.
• The pressure deformation
data obtained from the test
may be used to determine
the modulus of
deformation, undrained
shear strength, angle of
shearing resistance and
other engineering
properties of the soil.

Typical pressure-volumetric strain curve


• This test method does not cover the self-boring pressure meter, for which the
hole is drilled by a mechanical or jetting tool inside the hollow core of the
probe.
• This test method is limited to the pressure meter which is inserted into
predrilled boreholes or, under certain circumstances, is inserted by driving.
APPARATUS
• Hydraulic or Electric Probe
Probe Walls
Measuring Devices
• Lines
• Readout Device
• Slotted Tube
PROCEDURE
1. Place the pressure meter probe by lowering it into a pre-bored hole. Two conditions
are necessary to obtain a satisfactory test cavity: the diameter of the hole should meet
the specified tolerances, and the equipment and method used to prepare the test cavity
should cause the least possible disturbance to the soil and the wall of the hole.
2. When testing soils, the pressure meter tests must be performed immediately after the
hole is formed.
3. The preparation of a satisfactory borehole is the most important step in obtaining an
acceptable pressure meter test.
4. An indication of the quality of the test hole is given by the magnitude of scatter of the
test points and by the shape of the pressure meter curve obtained.
PROCEDURE
4. Fig. 1 shows the typical shape of a pressure meter curve
obtained from a pre-bored test cavity.
5. Fig. 2 shows a pressure meter curve obtained when the
borehole is too small or when the test is performed in a
swelling soil.
Fig. 1: Ideal shape of pressure Fig. 2: Pressure meter
6. Fig. 3 shows a curve obtained when the borehole is too large. meter corrected curve. corrected curve when
borehole is too small.
7. Advance the hole to the test level and clean any debris or
cuttings.
8. Before the probe is positioned in the hole for testing, make an
accurate determination of the zero volume reading (V0).
9. The volume V0 is the volume of the measuring portion of the
uninflated probe at atmospheric pressure. Accomplish this by
deairing all circuits and adjusting all gages of the instrument
to zero while the probe is at atmospheric pressure.
10. Close the volume circuit, preventing any further change in the
volume of the measuring circuit. Lower the probe to test depth
Fig. 3: Pressure meter
in this condition. Determine the test depth as the depth of the
corrected curve when the
midpoint of the probe.
borehole is too large
PROCEDURE

When using Procedure A,


a) Place the probe in test position and apply the pressure on the control unit in about equal
increments, until the expansion of the probe during one load increment exceeds about 1∕4 of V0
as defined in step 8, (typically 200 cm3 for a 800-cm3 probe).

b) Generally, 25, 50, 100, or 200-kPa pressures are selected for testing soils. Too small steps will
result in an excessively long test, too large steps may yield results with inadequate accuracy. The
pressure steps should be determined in such a way that about 7 to 10 load increments are
obtained.
When using Procedure B
a) Increase the volume of the probe in volume increments of 0.05 to 0.1 times the volume V0 until the limit of
the equipment is reached.

b) For both procedures, take readings after 30 s and 1 min after the pressure or volume increments have been
applied. Volume readings are recorded to an accuracy of 0.2% of V0 and pressure readings to an accuracy of
5% of the limit pressure.

c) One or several load-unload cycles may also be performed in this test within the elastic expansion range (see
Fig.4).

d) These cycles, if a probe with guard cells is used, requires the accurate control of gas pressure in the guard
cells to obtain a representative reading on decreased volumes.
Fig. 4: Pressure meter test curves for Procedure B
e) The performance of unload-reload cycle(s) is encouraged but not required. Pre-bored
pressure meter design rules were established historically based on testing without unload-
reload loops.
f) Minimum spacing between consecutive tests (center to center of probe) should not be less
than 1.5 times the length of the inflatable part of the probe. Common spacings vary from1
to 3 m (3 to 10 ft).
g) In soft, loose, and sensitive soils, the hole should be predrilled ahead of the testing depth
only far enough so that the cuttings settling at the bottom of the hole will not interfere
with the test.
h) In stiff soils and weathered rocks where degradation due to exposure is not significant,
the hole can be predrilled to several test depths.
i) When the probe is driven into the soil, testing can take place continuously, while
observing the minimum spacing 5 requirements indicated in step 16. No withdrawal is
required between tests.
CALCULATIONS

• The pressure transmitted to the soil by the probe from the pressure readings is calculated as
follows:
P=PR+Pδ-Pc\
Where,
• P = pressure exerted by the probe on the soil, kPa,
• PR = pressure reading on control unit, kPa,
• Pδ = hydrostatic pressure between control unit and probe, kPa
• Pc = pressure correction due to stiffness of instrument at corresponding volume, kPa,
V=VR -VC
Where,
V = corrected increase in volume of the measuring portion of the probe, cm3,
VR = volume reading on readout device, cm3, and
Vc = volume correction determined and made at the test pressure readings corresponding to P=PR+Pδ, cm3

Plot the pressure-volume increase curve by entering the corrected volume and the corrected pressure on a
coordinate system. Connect the points by a smooth curve. This curve is the corrected pressuremeter test curve
and is used in the determination of the results.
The pressuremeter modulus Ep, of the soil is determined with the use of the theory of expansion of an infinitely
thick cylinder, thus,
∆𝑝
𝐸𝑃 = 2 1 + 𝜇𝑠 𝑉𝑜 + 𝜗𝑚 ∆𝑣

𝜗0 +𝜗𝑓
Where, 𝜗𝑚 = 2
∆𝑝 = 𝑝𝑓 − 𝑝0

∆𝜗 = 𝜗𝑓 − 𝜗0
Example:
Probe

Pressuremeter : IIT ISM Dhanbad, Civil Engineering Department


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IBDd-aJJDOg&feature=emb_logo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CgbZR23Znuk
Thank You

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy