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Device Load Monitor With Programmable Meter For Energy Audit

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
491 views5 pages

Device Load Monitor With Programmable Meter For Energy Audit

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Device Load Monitor with

Programmable Meter for Energy


Audit
Saksham#1, Saurabh Kumar #2, Avinash Singh#3, Mandeep Kashyap#4, Vaishnavi Singh#5
#
Electrical Engineering Department, Galgotias College
of Engineeering and Technology,Greater Noida 201306
Abstract— The system is made to calculate the energy Relay is connected to the device to on/off the supply through the load.
consumption of a load in units and the designed to find out the 230 V Transformer is used through which system is powered.
cost incurred over the use in rupees in accordance to the running Through that 4 buttons we can actually input the value in rupees per unit
hours of energy used.. The result is provided instantly allowing cost and it will calculate the load through the system, after that we need
user to Save time wasted in energy audits. to enter the number of usage of hours of that device and it will
automatically show the cost incurred in rupees and units consumed in
Keywords— Energy audit, cost incurred. that interval of time.

I.INTRODUCTION including energy tariffs and no of hours spend by the units in the system by
the user based on the data. An energy meter gives 3200 impulses/kwh
Our project is made in such a way it has a instant energy auditing which is connected through optocoupler to the microcontroller 8051, then
system using AT89S52 microcontroller able to calculate the units after the data processed by the microcontroller, the information is displayed
consumption and cost incurred by device use over given time. The input to the LCD display.4 buttons i.e, up, down, normal and reset buttons are
data including energy tariff and the number of hour’s device is to be present to feed data into the microprocessor to input the values and the
used is inputed by auditer into the system. In respect to the system the tariff rates.
system instantly shows the cost and units consumed within no time. .

II. INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEM V. BLOCK DIAGRAM

An Embedded System, an aggregate of both equipment and


programming segments of PC, and maybe extra mechanical or different
parts, intended to play out a particular capacity. An implanted
framework is a microcontroller-based, programming driven,
dependable, ongoing control framework, independent, working on
assorted physical factors and human or network interactive in different
condotions and marketed into a technology and capatalism market.

III. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

Hardware requirements -
Transfromer (230 – 12 V AC),Voltage Regulator (LM 7805),Rectifier,
Filter, Microcontroller (AT89S52/AT89C51), LCD display, MAX 232,
DB9 Connector, Energy meter, Opto Coupler, 1N4007, Resitor,
Capacitor
FIG. 1 – BLOCK DIGRAM OF PROJECT
Software requirements –
KEIL Micro Vision (IDE), embedded C language VI. APPLICATIONS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
IV. WORKING  Army, Military and aerospace embedded software applications
 Telecom Applications
This project is made in order to calculate the energy, energy supply
 Industrial control systeml software
consumption of loads in units and cost consumption and incurred cost over
the use in rupees in accordance to the number of hours that load is to be  Decoding the complexity of applications.
used. The result is provided very fast simultaneously allowing auditor to  Reducing of productuction design time.
save time wasted in the energy audit . This project itself made of an instant  Real time management of processing data.
energy auditing system using AT89S52 Microprocessor The input data  Intelligent, autonomous sensors.
VII. HARDWARE TESTING
IX. ADVANATGES
CONTINUITY TEST: In hardware and electrical devices, a coherence • To monitoring and controlling of domestic Energy meter of electric
test is the checking on of an electric circuit to see flow stream (that it ismeter by 8051 microcontroller
in certainty a total circuit). This test is finished by putting a little voltage
• As this contain the use of the microcontroller unit that continuously
(wired in arrangement with a LED or commotion delivering part, for displays, processses and records the energy meter reading in its
example, a piezoelectric speaker) over the ideal way. In the event that permanent (nonvolatile) memory Location and shows output on display.
electron stream is flown into broken conductors, harmed segments, or • This system also makes use of display of instant tariif and units
over the top opposition, the circuit is stay "open". consumed by the appliance and all power usage by consumer.
• Technologies that are more precise and accurate, error free, time
POWER ON TEST:
efficient etc
This testing is done to check whether the voltage at different terminals is • It saves the time and efforts utilized in auditing susing AT89S52
viewpoint and need to the necessity or not. We utilized a multi meter microcontroller. .
and associated in voltage mode. In see, this test is run with no utilization
of microcontroller. Fundamentally, we check the yield of the X. SYSTEMATIC DIAGRAM OF PROJECT
transformer, regardless of whether we get the necessary 12 v AC
voltage. At that point we transmit this voltage to the circuit of intensity
flexibly. Note that this test is managed without microcontroller, in such
a case that there is any inordinate voltage present in the framework, it
might prompt flaw in the Microcontroller. Checking for the contribution
to the voltage controller is done i.e., are we getting a reaction
contribution of 12v and a yield of 5v. Henceforth we check for the
voltage level of last pin. Thus, we check for the rest of the terminals for
the 12v. Along these lines we can approve the voltage at all the
terminals according to the required.

VIII. LAYOUT OF THE PROJECT

FIG.3. SYSTEMATIC DIAGRAM OF PROJECT

XI. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MICROCONTROLLER AT89S5

FIG.2. LAYOUT OF PROJECT

FIG. 4. . BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MC AT89S52


XI. MICROPROCESSOR AT89S52 Smaller scale DB connector. This connector is slimmer than a standard
D-sub, with pins much littler than the ones utilized on HD connectors.
he AT89S52 is a low-power, elite CMOS 8-piece microcontroller with The MD is additionally generally called a "half-pitch" DB connector.
8K bytes of in-framework programmable Flash memory.The gadget is These are regularly utilized in SCSI applications, and the most well
made utilizing Atmel's high-thickness non unpredictable memory known sorts are the MD50 and MD68 associations. MD-connectors can
innovation and is perfect with the business standard 80C51 guidance utilize lock clasps or thumbscrews as tying down systems.
set and pin out. The on-chip Flash permits the program memory to be
reinvented in-framework or by a customary non unpredictable memory D-sub connectors are generally portrayed by the all out number of pins
software engineer. By consolidating an adaptable 8-piece CPU with in- that they can hold. Now and again, a DB25 connector may just have 4
framework programmable Flash on a solid chip, the Atmel AT89S52 is or 5 pins stacked into it; be that as it may, it is as yet called a "DB25"
an amazing microcontroller which gives a profoundly adaptable and connector and not a "DB4" or "DB5". Another model is the HD15
financially savvy answer for some installed control applications. The connector utilized by screens—most screen links just are stacked with
AT89S52 gives the accompanying standard highlights: 8K bytes of 14 pins, however it is as yet called a HD15 connector.
Flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, Watchdog clock, two
information pointers, three 16-piece clock/counters, a six-vector two-
level interfere with engineering, a full duplex sequential port, on-chip
oscillator, and clock hardware. Furthermore, the AT89S52 is planned
with static rationale for activity down to zero recurrence and supports
two programming selectable force sparing modes. The Idle Mode stops
the CPU while permitting the RAM, clock/counters, sequential port,
and interfere with framework to keep working. The Power-down mode
spares the RAM substance however freezes the oscillator,
handicapping all other chip capacities until the following hinder or
equipment reset.

XII. CHARACTERSISTICS OF AT89S52

• Full Duplex UART Serial Channel


• Low-power Idle and Power-down Modes
• Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode
• Watchdog Timer
• Dual Data Pointer FIG.5- INTERFACING BETWEEN MIICROCONTROLLER AND
• Power-off Flag CONNECTOR
• Fast Programming Time
XIV. ELECTRIC MOTOR
• Flexible ISP Programming (Byte and Page Mode)
• Green (Pb/Halide-free) Packaging Option Electric meters are typically calibrated in billing units, the most
• Compatible with MCS®-51 Products common one being the kilowatt hour. Periodic readings of electric
• 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory meters establish billing cycles and energy used during a cycle.
– Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles In settings when energy savings during certain periods are desired,
• 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range meters may measure demand, the maximum use of power in some
• Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz interval. In some areas, the electric rates are higher during certain times
• Three-level Program Memory Lock of day, to encourage reduction in use. Also, in some areas meters have
• 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM relays to turn off nonessential equipment.
• 32 Programmable I/O Lines
• Three 16-bit Timer/Counters The most common type of electricity meter is the electromechanical
• Eight Interrupt Sources induction watt-hour meter. The electromechanical induction meter
operates by counting the revolutions of an aluminium disc which is
XIII. INTERFACING BETWEEN CONNECTOR AND made to rotate at a speed proportional to the power. The number of
MICROCONTROLLER AT89S52 revolutions is thus proportional to the energy usage. It consumes a
small amount of power, typically around 2 watts.
One extraordinary kind of D-sub connectors is the High-Density DB
style, which looks simply like a standard DB connector, just with pins One coil is connected in such a way that it produces a magnetic flux in
that are marginally littler and set nearer together. This is regularly proportion to the voltage and the other produces a magnetic flux in
alluded to as a "HD" connector. HD connectors regularly have three proportion to the current. The field of the voltage coil is delayed by 90
columns of pins rather than two. The most widely recognized HD degrees using a lag coil.
connector is the HD15, which is found on PC video cards and screens.
DB-and HD-connectors use thumbscrews to make sure about the
connector set up.
XV. INTRODUCTION TO KIEL MICROVISION (IDE) V2 represented by the equation V1/V2=N1/N2. As N1/N2 for example
no. of turns in the essential to the no. of turns in the auxiliary stays
Keil an ARM Company makes C compilers, full scale constructing unaltered V2 is legitimately relative to V1.Thus if the transformer
agents, continuous pieces, debuggers, test systems, coordinated conveys 12V at 220V info it will give 8.72V at 160V.Similarly at 270V
situations, assessment sheets, and emulators for ARM7/ARM9/Cortex- it will give 14.72V.Thus the dc voltage at the contribution of the
M3, XC16x/C16x/ST10, 251, and 8051 MCU families. controller changes from about 8V to 15V due to A.C voltage variety
Keil improvement apparatuses for the 8051 Microcontroller from 160V to 270V the controller yield will stay consistent at 5V.
Architecture bolster each degree of programming designer from the The directed 5V DC is additionally separated by a little electrolytic
expert applications specialist to the understudy simply finding out about capacitor of 10µF for any commotion so created by the circuit. One LED
inserted programming advancement. When beginning another venture, is associated of this 5V point in arrangement with a present constraining
basically select the microcontroller you use from the Device Database resistor of 330ω to the ground i.e., negative voltage to demonstrate 5V
and the µVision IDE sets all compiler, constructing agent, linker, and power gracefully accessibility. The unregulated 12V point is utilized for
memory alternatives for you. different applications as and when required.
Keil is a cross compiler. So first we need to comprehend the idea of
compilers and cross compilers. After then we will figure out how to XVII. SERIES CONNECTTION TO MICRO SERIES CONTROLLER
function with keil
ATMEL arrangement of 8051 group of small scale controllers need
XVI. KEIL C CROSS COMPILER certain standard associations. The real number of the Microcontroller
could be "89C51" , "89C52", "89S51", "89S52", andas respects to 20 pin
These are the fundamental parts of cross compiler- design various "89C2051". The 4 arrangement of I/O ports are utilized
• IDE (Integrated Development condition) dependent on the task prerequisite. Each microcontroller requires a
• Project Manager planning reference for its inside program execution consequently an
• Simulator oscillator should be useful with an ideal recurrence to acquire the
• Debugger planning reference as t =1/f.
• C Cross Compiler, Cross Assembler, Locator/Linker A precious stone running from 2 to 20 MHz is required to be utilized at
The Keil ARM toolbox incorporates three primary apparatuses, its pin number 18 and 19 for the interior oscillator. It might be noted here
constructing agent, compiler also, linker. A constructing agent is utilized the precious stone isn't to be comprehended as gem oscillator It is only a
to gather the ARM get together program. A compiler is utilized to gem, while associated with the fitting pin of the microcontroller it brings
arrange the C source code into an article document. A linker is utilized about oscillator work inside the microcontroller. Ordinarily 11.0592
to make a flat out article module appropriate for our in-circuit emulator. MHz gem is utilized all in all for a large portion of the circuits utilizing
8051 arrangement microcontroller. Two little worth artistic capacitors of
XV.. PROGRAMMING VIA EMBEDDED C 33pF each is utilized as a standard association for the precious stone as
appeared in the circuit graph.
Utilization of installed processors in traveler vehicles, cell phones,
clinical gear, aviation frameworks and protection frameworks is far XIX. OCTOCOUPLER
reaching, and even ordinary local apparatuses, for example, dish
washers, TVs, clothes washers and video recorders currently incorporate Opto coupler is a 6 pin IC. It is a blend of 1 LED and a transistor. Pin 6
at any rate one such gadget. of transistor isn't commonly utilized and when light falls on the Base-
Since most inserted ventures have serious cost requirements, they will in Emitter intersection then it switches and pin5 goes to zero.
general utilize minimal effort processors like the 8051 group of gadgets Whenever contribution of the diode is zero and opposite finish of diode
considered in this book. These famous chips have exceptionally is GND then the yield is one.
restricted assets accessible most such gadgets have around 256 bytes At the point when rationale zero is given as info then the light doesn't fall
(not megabytes!) of RAM, and the accessible processor power is around on transistor so it doesn't direct which gives rationale zero as yield.
multiple times not as much as that of a work area processor. Therefore, At the point when rationale 1 is given as info at that point light falls on
creating inserted programming presents critical new difficulties, in any transistor with the goal that it directs, that makes transistor turned ON
event, for experienced work area developers. In the event that you make and it frames cut off makes the yield is rationale zero as authority of
them programme understanding - in C, C++ or Java - at that point this transistor is associated with ground.
book and its going with CD will help make your transition to the
installed world as fast and effortless as could reasonably be expected.

XVI. ENERGY POWER SUPPLY

The circuit utilizes standard force gracefully involving a stage down


transformer from 230Vto 12V and 4 diodes framing an extension
rectifier that conveys throbbing dc which is then sifted by an electrolytic
capacitor of about 470µF to 1000µF. The sifted dc being unregulated,
IC LM7805 is utilized to get 5V DC consistent at its pin no 3 regardless
air conditioning at 230volts area differs from 160V to 270V in the
proportion of the transformer essential voltage V1 to auxiliary voltage FIG.6. OCTOCOUPLER BLOCK DIAGRAM
XII. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Our team is filled with gratitude towards our guide “Dr. Mohd Shahid” REFERENCES
who guided us to reach our full potential with end results in this  art, G. W. (1992). "Nonintrusive appliance load monitoring".
project. with whom we learned about this particular topic in depth, we Proceedings of the IEEE. 80 (12): 1870–1891. doi:10.1109/5.192069.
are thankful that we were under guidance of him, who helped us taking  Hart, G. W. (1989). "Residential energy monitoring and computerized
small steps in our projects and giving us confidence in every step. surveillance via utility power flows". IEEE Technology and Society
Magazine. 8 (2): 12–16. doi:10.1109/44.31557.
We are thankful to our project coordinator “Dr. Pinky Yadav” who
 K. Jang-Hwan, S.-K. Sul, and P. N. Enjeti, “electrical monitoring,”
made us learn details and reach our excellence. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 3239–3248, Jul./Aug. 2017.
We are also thankful to our Head of department “Dr. Danish Equbal”  S. Srikanthan and M. K. Mishra, “proteus software smart meter,” IEEE
for giving us surroundings to learn more everyday and assisted in Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 2768–2775, Aug. 2015.
completion of our goal.  L. M. Tolbert, F. Z. Peng, and T. G. Habetler, “Multilevel converters
This project helped us to learn more about practical knowledge for large electric drives,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 35, no. 1, pp.
through practical experiments and gave us new perspectives in 36–44, Jan./Feb. 1999.
electrical engineering.  T. L. Skvarenina, The Power Electronics Handbook. Boca Raton, FL:
CRC Press, 2002.
XIII. CONCLUSIONS  X. Yun, Y. Zou, X. Liu, and Y. He, “A novel composite cascade
multilevel converter,” in Proc. 33rd IEEE IECON, 2007, pp. 1799–
We conclude on this project that this project is made in such a 1804.
way it has a instant energy auditing system using AT89S52  R. H. Osman, “A medium-voltage drive utilizing series-cell multilevel
microcontroller able to calculate the units consumption and cost topology for outstanding power quality,” in Conf. Rec. 34th IEEE IAS
incurred by device use over given time. The input data including Annu. Meeting, 1999, vol. 4, pp. 2662–2669.
energy tariff and the number of hour’s device is to be used is  E. Najafi and A. H. M. Yatim, “A guide on smart meter” Energy
inputed by auditer into the system. In respect to the system the Convers. Manage., vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 1999–2008, Apr. 2011.
system instantly shows the cost and units consumed within no  Patrick Leslie, Joshua Pearce, Rob Harrap, Sylvie Daniel (2012). "The
application of smartphone technology to economic and environmental
time. The result is provided very fast simultaneously allowing analysis of building energy conservation strategies". International
auditor to save time wasted in the energy audit . This project itself Journal of Sustainable Energy. 31 (5): 295–
made of an instant energy auditing system using AT89S52 311. doi:10.1080/1478646X.2011.578746.
microcontroller. This a most beneficial model to save both time
and money and save cost spend on auditing. It is time efficient and
as it’s controller by Microcontroller, it’s efficient overall.

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