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Stokes's Theorem generalizes Green's Theorem to surfaces in three dimensions. It states that the circulation of a vector field F around a closed curve C that bounds a surface S is equal to the surface integral of the curl of F over S. The document provides two examples demonstrating how to use Stokes's Theorem to calculate surface integrals by evaluating line integrals instead.

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Ashutosh Sahoo
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51 views6 pages

32 Post Notes

Stokes's Theorem generalizes Green's Theorem to surfaces in three dimensions. It states that the circulation of a vector field F around a closed curve C that bounds a surface S is equal to the surface integral of the curl of F over S. The document provides two examples demonstrating how to use Stokes's Theorem to calculate surface integrals by evaluating line integrals instead.

Uploaded by

Ashutosh Sahoo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Stokes's Theorem

1
Remember this form of Green's Theorem:
⇀ ⇀ ˆ dA
∲F·dr⇀= ∫∫ ∇⨯F·k
C R
where ⇀
F(x,y) = M(x,y)iˆ + N(x,y)j,ˆ

C is a simple closed positively-oriented curve that encloses a


closed region, R, in the xy-plane.

It measures circulation along the boundary curve, C.

Stokes's Theorem generalizes this theorem to more interesting surfaces.

Stokes's Theorem
⇀ ˆ ˆ ˆ
For F(x,y,z) = M(x,y,z)i+N(x,y,z)j+P(x,y,z)k,

M, N, P have continuous first-order partial derivatives.


S is a 2-sided surface with continuously varying unit normal, n,
ˆ
C is a piece-wise smooth, simple closed curve, positively-oriented
that is the boundary of S,
Tˆ is the unit tangent vector to C,
⇀ ⇀
then ∲F·Tˆ ds = ∫∫ (∇⨯F)·nˆ dS
C S

2
⇀
EX 1 Verify Stokes's Theorem for F = y2iˆ - xjˆ + 5zkˆ if
S is the paraboloid z = x2 + y2
with the circle x2 + y2 = 1 as its boundary.

3
4
⇀
EX 2 Use Stokes's Theorem to calculate ∫∫ (∇⨯F)·nˆ dS
⇀
for F = xz2iˆ + x3jˆ + cos(xz)kˆ
S

where S is the part of the ellipsoid x2 + y2 + 3z2=1


below the xy-plane and nˆ is the lower normal.

5
⇀
EX 3 Let S be a solid sphere. Show that ∫∫ (∇⨯F)·nˆ dS = 0
S
a) by using Stokes's Theorem

b) by using Gauss's Theorem

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