GROUP 3 SWING DEVICE (TYPE 1)

1. STRUCTURE
Swing device consists swing motor, swing reduction gear.
Swing motor include mechanical parking valve, relief valve, make up valve and time delay valve.

Reduction gear grease

supply port(PT 1/4) Time delay valve
Reduction gear oil
drain port(PT 1/2) Relief valve
Mu SH
SH PG Dr
Au
PG
GA GB

Level gauge &

oil supply port
Reduction gear A B
air bleed port(PT 1/4)
Reduction gear Swing motor

210W9A2SM01

SH Port Port name Port size

PG A Main port ͚20

B Main port ͚20
Dr Drain port PF 1/2
Au
Mu Make up port PF 1
PG Brake release stand by port PF 1/4
SH Brake release pilot port PF 1/4
GA, GB Gauge port PF 1/4
Dr
Au Air vent port PF 1/4

GB GA

B Mu A
Hydraulic circuit

2-48
 1) SWING MOTOR

42

DETAIL K

7 6 5 12 11 10 17 20 8 23 37 39 31 33,34 38

47

28
27
29

26
30
K
43
46
45
44

2 3 4 1 9 14 13 16 15 18 19 24 21 22 40,41 25 35,36 32
210W9A2SM02

1 Body 17 Brake piston 33 Time delay valve assy

2 Oil seal 18 O-ring 34 Wrench bolt
3 Roller bearing 19 O-ring 35 Plug
4 Snap ring 20 Brake spring 36 O-ring
5 Shaft 21 Rear cover 37 Plug
6 Bushing 22 Needle bearing 38 Plug
7 Stop ring 23 Pin 39 Plug
8 Pin 24 Valve plate 40 Name plate
9 Shoe plate 25 Wrench bolt 41 Rivet
10 Cylinder block 26 Plug 42 Level gauge
11 Spring 27 Back up ring 43 Plug
12 Ball guide 28 O-ring 44 O-ring
13 Set plate 29 Spring 45 O-ring
14 Piston assy 30 Check 46 Back up ring
15 Friction plate 31 Relief valve assy 47 Plug
16 Plate 32 Anti-inversion valve assy

2-49
2) REDUCTION GEAR

28 3 33 32 4 2 38 37 5 6 9 27 20 15 22 19 21 23 31

24
25

36 35 34 1 7 14 30 13 10 12 18 16 26

180W9A2SM03

1 Casing 15 Spring pin 28 Pinion gear

2 Drive shaft 16 Sun gear 2 30 Knock pin
3 Spacer 18 Carrier 1 31 Socket bolt
4 Roller bearing 19 Planet gear 1 32 Cover plate
5 Oil seal 20 Pin 1 33 Hexagon bolt
6 Roller bearing 21 Needle cage 34 Lock plate
7 Thrust plate 3 22 Side plate 1 35 Hexagon bolt
9 Carrier 2 23 Side plate 2 36 Lock washer
10 Planet gear 2 24 Stop ring 37 Plug
12 Pin 2 25 Sun gear 1 38 Plug
13 Bushing 2 26 Side plate 3
14 Thrust washer 27 Ring gear

2-50
2. PRINCIPLE OF DRIVING
2.1 Generating the turning force
The high hydraulic supplied from a hydraulic pump flows into a cylinder block (10) through rear cover
(21) of motor, and valve plate (24).
The high hydraulic is built as flowing on one side of Y-Y line connected by the upper and lower sides of
piston assy (14).
The high hydraulic can generate the force, F1=PÝA (P : supplied pressure, A : water pressure area),
like following pictures, working on a piston.
This force, F1, is divided as N1 thrust partial pressure and W1 radial partial pressure, in case of the
plate of a tilt angle, ɷ.
W1 generates torque, T=W1+R1, for Y-Y line connected by the upper and lower sides of the piston as
following pictures.
The sum of torque (ɨW1ÝR1), generated from each piston (4~5 pieces) on the side of a high
hydraulic, generates the turning force.
This torque transfers the turning force to a cylinder block (10) through a piston; because a cylinder
block is combined with a turning axis and spline, a turning axis rotates and a turning force is sent.

W1 Pistion
Cylinder block

W1
R1
N1
O A
f1 F1 P

High Y Low
pressure pressure

21078TM05

2-51
2) MAKE UP VALVE
In the system using this type of motor, there is no counter balance functioning valve and there
happens the case of revolution exceeding hydraulic supply of motor. To prevent the cavitation
caused by insufficient oil flow there is a make up valve to fill up the oil insufficiency.
A make up valve is provided immediately before the port leading to the hydraulic oil tank to secure
feed pressure required when the hydraulic motor makes a pumping action. The boost pressure
acts on the hydraulic motor's feed port via the make up valve.
Pressurized oil into the port B, the motor rotate counterclockwise.
If the plunger of MCV moves neutral position, the oil in the motor is drain via left relief valve, the
drain oil run into motor via right make up valve, which prevent the cavitation of motor.

Relief valve

Make up check valve Make up check valve

A B

21092SM04

2-52
3) RELIEF VALVE

11 1 Body
2 Seat
10
5 3 Plunger
4 Spring
6 5 Adjusting screw
7
6 Piston
7 Bushing
8
8 Spring seat
9
9 Shim
12
10 O-ring
1 11 Back up ring
3 12 O-ring
4

2
14007A2SM05

(1) Construction of relief valve

The valve casing contains two cartridge type relief valves that stop the regular and reverse
rotations of the hydraulic motor. The relief valves relieve high pressure at start or at stop of swing
motion and can control the relief pressure in two steps, high and low, in order to insure smooth
operation.

(2) Function of relief valve

Figure illustrates how the pressure acting
on the relief valve is related to its rising P P=pressure, T=time
process. Here is given the function, Ps
referring to the figure following page.
4
P2

3
P1

T
1
2-48(2)

2-53
Η Ports (P, R) at tank pressure.

A2 m h n g

A1
P

14007A2SM06

Θ When hydraulic oil pressure (PÝA1) reaches the preset force (FSP) of spring (4), the plunger (3)
moves to the right as shown.
P1ÝA1=Fsp+PgÝA2

Fsp+PgÝA2
P1=
A1

4 g

P=P1

14007A2SM07

2-54
Ι The oil flow chamber g via orifice m and n. When the pressure of chamber g reaches the preset
force (FSP) of spring (4), the piston (6) moves left and stop the piston (6) hits the bottom of bushing
(7).

4 m n g

P=P2

7 6
14007A2SM08

Κ When piston (6) hits the bottom of bushing (7), it stops moving to the left any further. As the
result, the pressure in chamber (g) equals (Ps).
PsÝA1=Fsp+PsÝA2

Fsp
Ps=
A1-A2

P=Ps

7 6 g
14007A2SM09

2-55
4) BRAKE SYSTEM
(1) Control valve swing brake system
This is the brake system to stop the swing motion of the excavator during operation.
In this system, the hydraulic circuit is throttled by the swing control valve, and the resistance
created by this throttling works as a brake force to slow down the swing motion.

Work Deceleration Stop

A B A B A B

MCV MCV MCV

MCV A, B opened MCV A, B throttled MCV A, B closed

2-48(1)

(2) Mechanical swing parking brake system

This is function as a parking brake only when all of the RCV lever (except travel pedal) are not
operated.

Η Brake assembly
Circumferential rotation of separate plate
(16) is constrained by the groove located
at housing (1). When housing is
20
pressed down by brake spring (20)
through friction plate (15), separate plate 10
(16) and brake piston (17), friction force 17
occurs there. 16
Cylinder block (10) is constrained by this 15
friction force and brake acts, while brake 1
Groove
releases when hydraulic force exceeds
spring force.

21092SM15

1 Housing 16 Separate plate

10 Cylinder block 17 Brake piston
15 Friction plate 20 Spring

2-56
② Operating principle
a. When one of the RCV lever (1) is set to the operation position, the each spool is shifted to left
or right and the pilot oil flow is blocked. Then the pilot oil go to SH of the time delay valve (33).
This pressure moves spool (5) to the leftward against the force of the spring(8), so pilot pump
charged oil (P3) goes to the chamber G through port PG.
This pressure is applied to move the brake piston (17) to the upward against the force of the
brake spring (20). Thus, it releases the brake force.

33

20 5

17 G SH

PG

1 RCV lever
2 Main control valve
5 Spool P3
8 Spring
17 Brake piston 2
20 Brake spring
33 Time delay valve assy

20W92SM03

2-57
b. When all of the RCV lever (1) are set the neutral position, the spool (5) returns to right.
Then, the piston (17) is moved lower by spring force and the return oil from the chamber G
flows back to tank port.
At this time, the brake works.

35

20 5

17 G SH

PG

1 RCV lever
2 Main control valve
5 Spool P3
8 Spring
17 Brake piston
2
20 Brake spring
35 Time delay valve

210W9A2SM16

2-58
GROUP 3 SWING DEVICE (TYPE 2, 3)

1. STRUCTURE
Swing device consists swing motor, swing reduction gear.
Swing motor include mechanical parking valve, relief valve, make up valve and time delay valve.

Reduction gear oil Time delay valve

drain port (PT 1/2)
Relief valve AU MU DR
SH
Oil level &
air vent port PG
(PT 1/4)
MA HEAVY INDUSTRIES CO.,LTD.

P A R T NO. :
MB
39Q6-11100
SERIAL NO. :

AU DR

MU

MA MB

VA VB

Oil level gauge

& oil supply port
VA VB

Reduction gear Swing motor

SH

PG AU

DR
Port Port name Port size
VA Main port ͚20
VB Main port ͚20
DR Drain port PF 1/2
MA MB MU Make up port PF 1 1/4
MU
PG Brake release stand by port PF 1/4
SH Brake release pilot port PF 1/4
MA, MB Gauge port PF 1/4
AU Air vent port PF 1/4

VA VB

Hydraulic circuit
2209A2SM21

2-59
 1) SWING MOTOR

3 2 11 10 1 35 19 18 22 17 21 20 29 28 39 27 26 25 38 24 41 30 40 24 38 25 26 27

4 5 7 8 9 12 13 14 15 16 6 23 28 29 37 36 38 34 32 33 31 33 32 34 38 37

2209A2SM22

1 Casing 15 Parking piston 29 O-ring

2 Oil seal 16 Brake spring 30 Relief valve assy
3 Shaft 17 Spring pin 31 Reactionless valve assy
4 Snap ring 18 O-ring 32 Plug
5 Roller bearing 19 O-ring 33 O-ring
6 Needle bearing 20 Valve plate 34 O-ring
7 Swash plate 21 Spring pin 35 Time delay valve assy
8 Cylinder block 22 O-ring 36 Level gauge
9 Spring 23 Valve casing 37 Socket bolt
10 Ball guide 24 Check valve 38 Socket bolt
11 Retainer plate 25 Spring 39 Plug
12 Piston assy 26 Plug 40 Name plate
13 Friction plate 27 O-ring 41 Rivet
14 Separate plate 28 Plug

2-60
2) REDUCTION GEAR

2 27 26 28 3 33 8 7 15 12 11 30 14 13 22 23 21 18 19 20

4 5 6 25 29 1 10 16 17 25 24 9

2209A2SM23

1 Ring gear 11 Planetary gear 2 21 Thrust washer 1

2 Drive shaft 12 Needle bearing 2 22 Carrier pin 1
3 Bearing 13 Thrust washer 2 23 Spring pin
4 Bearing 14 Carrier pin 2 24 Sun gear 1
5 Ring nut 15 Spring pin 25 Thrust plate
6 Lock plate 16 Sun gear 2 26 Sleeve
7 Hexagon bolt 17 Carrier 1 27 O-ring
8 Casing 18 Planetary gear 1 29 Parallel pin
9 Socket bolt 19 Needle bearing 1 30 Socket bolt
10 Carrier 2 20 Thrust washer 1 33 Plug

2-61
2. PRINCIPLE OF DRIVING
2.1 Generating the turning force
The high hydraulic supplied from a hydraulic pump flows into a cylinder block (8) through valve casing
(23) of motor, and valve plate (20).
The high hydraulic is built as flowing on one side of Y-Y line connected by the upper and lower sides of
piston assy (12).
The high hydraulic can generate the force, F1=PÝA (P : supplied pressure, A : water pressure area),
like following pictures, working on a piston.
This force, F1, is divided as N1 thrust partial pressure and W1 radial partial pressure, in case of the
plate of a tilt angle, ɷ.
W1 generates torque, T=W1+R1, for Y-Y line connected by the upper and lower sides of the piston as
following pictures.
The sum of torque (ɨW1ÝR1), generated from each piston (4~5 pieces) on the side of a high
hydraulic, generates the turning force.
This torque transfers the turning force to a cylinder block (8) through a piston; because a cylinder
block is combined with a turning axis and spline, a turning axis rotates and a turning force is sent.

W1 Pistion
Cylinder block

W1
R1
N1
O A
f1 F1 P

High Y Low
pressure pressure

21078TM05

2-62
2) MAKE UP VALVE
In the system using this type of motor, there is no counter balance functioning valve and there
happens the case of revolution exceeding hydraulic supply of motor. To prevent the cavitation
caused by insufficient oil flow there is a make up valve to fill up the oil insufficiency.
A make up valve is provided immediately before the port leading to the hydraulic oil tank to secure
feed pressure required when the hydraulic motor makes a pumping action. The boost pressure
acts on the hydraulic motor's feed port via the make up valve.
Pressurized oil into the port B, the motor rotate counterclockwise.
If the plunger of MCV moves neutral position, the oil in the motor is drain via left relief valve, the
drain oil run into motor via right make up valve, which prevent the cavitation of motor.

Relief valve

Make up check valve Make up check valve

A B

21092SM04

2-63
3) RELIEF VALVE

1 Sleeve
10 2 Poppet
9
3 Poppet seat
6 4 Spring
8 5 Spring seat
1
6 Shim
5 7 Piston
9 8 Stopper
11 9 Plug
10 O-ring
2 11 O-ring
4

3
2209A2SM25

(1) Construction of relief valve

The valve casing contains two cartridge type relief valves that stop the regular and reverse
rotations of the hydraulic motor. The relief valves relieve high pressure at start or at stop of swing
motion and can control the relief pressure in two steps, high and low, in order to insure smooth
operation.

(2) Function of relief valve

Figure illustrates how the pressure acting
on the relief valve is related to its rising P P=pressure, T=time
process. Here is given the function, Ps
referring to the figure following page.
4
P2

3
P1

T
1
2-48(2)

2-64
Η Ports (P, R) at tank pressure.

A2 m h n g

A1
P

2209A2SM26

Θ When hydraulic oil pressure (PÝA1) reaches the preset force (FSP) of spring (4), the plunger (2)
moves to the right as shown.
P1ÝA1=Fsp+PgÝA2

Fsp+PgÝA2
P1=
A1

4 g

P=P1

2209A2SM27

2-65
Ι The oil flow chamber g via orifice m and n. When the pressure of chamber g reaches the preset
force (FSP) of spring (4), the piston (7) moves left and stop the piston (7) hits the bottom of bushing
(8).

4 m n g

P=P2

8 7
2209A2SM28

Κ When piston (7) hits the bottom of bushing (8), it stops moving to the left any further. As the
result, the pressure in chamber (g) equals (Ps).
PsÝA1=Fsp+PsÝA2

Fsp
Ps=
A1-A2

P=Ps

8 7 g
2209A2SM29

2-66
4) BRAKE SYSTEM
(1) Control valve swing brake system
This is the brake system to stop the swing motion of the excavator during operation.
In this system, the hydraulic circuit is throttled by the swing control valve, and the resistance
created by this throttling works as a brake force to slow down the swing motion.

Work Deceleration Stop

A B A B A B

MCV MCV MCV

MCV A, B opened MCV A, B throttled MCV A, B closed

2-48(1)

(2) Mechanical swing parking brake system

This is function as a parking brake only when all of the RCV lever (except travel pedal) are not
operated.

Η Brake assembly
Circumferential rotation of separate plate
(14) is constrained by the groove located
at casing (1). When housing is pressed
16
down by brake spring (16) through
friction plate (13), separate plate (14) 8
and parking piston (15), friction force 15
occurs there. 14
Cylinder block (8) is constrained by this 13
friction force and brake acts, while brake 1
Groove
releases when hydraulic force exceeds
spring force.

2209A2SM35

1 Casing 14 Separate plate

8 Cylinder block 15 Parking piston
13 Friction plate 16 Brake spring

2-67
Θ Operating principle
a. When one of the RCV lever (1) is set to the operation position, the each spool is shifted to left
or right and the pilot oil flow is blocked. Then the pilot oil go to SH of the time delay valve (35).
This pressure moves spool (5) to the leftward against the force of the spring(8), so pilot pump
charged oil (P3) goes to the chamber G through port PG.
This pressure is applied to move the parking piston (15) to the upward against the force of the
brake spring (16). Thus, it releases the brake force.

35

16 5

15 G SH

PG

1 RCV lever
2 Main control valve
5 Spool
8 Spring P3
15 Parking piston
16 Brake spring 2
35 Time delay valve

2209A2SM36

2-68
b. When all of the RCV lever (1) are set the neutral position, the spool (5) returns to right.
Then, the parking piston (15) is moved lower by spring force and the return oil from the
chamber G flows back to tank port.
At this time, the brake works.

35

16 5

15 G SH

PG

1 RCV lever
2 Main control valve
5 Spool
8 Spring P3
15 Parking piston
16 Brake spring 2
35 Time delay valve

2209A2SM37

2-69