Technical report writing

BAHIR DAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (BIT)

Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Technical Report Writing project
Title: Analysis of The Working Principles of Electrical Hair Clipper
Group members name ID
1. Habtamu Belsti 0800854
2. Habtamu Birhanie 0800851
3. Mitiku Debas 0801112
4. Nigus Belayneh 0801161
5. Solomon Amare 080
6. Temesgen Bisetegn 0801311
7. Tewodros Belayneh 0801336
Submitted to Assefa C.

Submitted by Group members.

Submission Date : 27/03/2010 E.C I

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BAHIR DAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (BIT)

Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Title: Analysis of The Working Principles of

Electrical Hair Clipper

Submitted to Assefa C.
Submitted by Group members.

Date of submission: 27/03/2009 E.C. II

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PREFACE
A number of hair clipper are contained in this written document for instance blade,
manually operated hair clipper, and electrical hair clipper.

The electrical hair clipper is a machine which is designed to shave the hair of
people using electric input source

III
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, we would like to thanks the almighty GOD that have given ours the
opportunity to complete this project. His willingness has made it possible.

We would like to take this opportunity to give our special thanks to our dedicated
instructor, Assefa C. [MSc] for guiding this project at every stage with clarity,
spending much time to discuss and help with this project, and that priceless gift of
getting things done by sharing his valuable ideas as well as share his knowledge.

We also give thanks for the person who supports by giving different material or
sample and by giving their concrete idea

IV
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TABLE OF CONTENT
content page
Cover page …………………… I
Title page ……………………. II
Preface ……………………... III
Acknowledgement ………………… IV
Table of content ………………… V
List of illustration ………………… VI
Abstract ………………… VII

1. Introduction ………………… 1

1.1 Historical back ground ……………. 1

1.2 Objective …………………… 3

1.3 Purpose …………………… 3

2. Procedure …………………… 4

2.1 Observation …………………… 4

2.2 Interview …………………… 6

2.3 Questionnaire ………………… 7

3. Result ……………………… 8

4. Discussion ……………………… 9

5. Conclusion ……………………… 10

6. Recommendation ……………………… 11

7. Reference ……………………….. 12

8. Glossary ………………………… 13

9. Index ………………………… 14
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATION
page

Fig.1.Ancient hair cutting style by hand hold tools …………….. 1

Fig.2.Electrical hair clipper …………….... 2

Fig.3.Guiding comb ………………. 4

Fig.4.Electrical hair clipper with its blade ………………. 5

Fig.5.The assembled electrical hair clipper ………………. 5

Table.1.The performance of the machine to shave ……………….. 8

the persons
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ABSTRACT
Hair clippers comprise a pair of sharpened comb-like blades in close
contact one above the other and the side which slide sideways relative to
each other, a mechanism which may be manual or electrical to make the
blades oscillate from side to side, and a handle. The clipper is moved so
that hair is positioned between the teeth of the comb, and cut with a
scissor action when one blade slides sideways relative to the other.
Friction between the blades needs to be as low as possible, which is
attained by choice of material and finish, and frequent lubrication.
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1.INTRODUCTION
Electric hair clippers work in the same way as manual ones, but are driven by an
electric motor which makes the blades oscillate from side to side. They have
gradually displaced manual hair clippers in many countries. Three different motor
types are used in clipper production: magnetic, rotary and pivot. Rotary style may
be driven by direct current or alternating current electricity source. Both magnetic
and pivot style clippers use magnetic forces derived from winding copper wire
around steel. Alternating current creates a cycle attracting and relaxing to a spring
to create the speed and torque to drive the clipper cutter across the combing blade.

1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

The initial physical hair clipper a hand-held tool regarding slicing different
programs regarding female or male hair came away from Serbia inside the 19th
century.

Fig.1. Ancient hair cutting style by hand held tools.

Leo J. Wahl invented the first electric hair clipper. He first designed a hand-held
massager for his uncle, Dr. Frank Wahl. Frank Wahl opened a manufacturing plant
in Sterling, Illinois to produce and sell Leo’s massager. During this time, Leo
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would sell massagers to various barbers and noticed an opportunity to improve

upon the tools barbers were using at the time.

Leo Wahl took over his uncle’s manufacturing business after Frank left to serve in
the Spanish–American War in 1898. Leo continued to work on his inventions and
by 1921, he patented his final design of an invention more than a decade in the
making- the first electric hair clipper. Within a year, Wahl Manufacturing had
manufactured and sold thousands of clippers all over the United States and in 1921
Leo renamed the company the Wahl Clipper Corporation. Leo J. Wahl died on
May 20, 1957 with over 100 patent applications to his name. His descendants still
operate the company today. Wahl Clipper is now an international industry leader in
the manufacturing of products for the professional beauty and barber salon trade,
consumer personal care and animal grooming. Wahl products are available in 165
countries around the world.

Fig. 2. Electrical hair clipper

Barbers employed these to cut hair shut and also quickly. The particular hair has been found
inside tresses as well as the head has been swiftly depilated. Although we were holding trusted
inside the remote earlier, the particular arrival and also lowering of expense regarding electric
hair clippers provides generated their particular generally exchanging manual clippers. They are
also found in the particular European affiliate marketer: any time conscripts get into training,
they will cut their particular hair near the epidermis, at times making use of manual clippers.
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TYPES OF HAIR CLIPPER

1.Manually operated clipper

Hair clippers are operated by a pair of handles which are alternately squeezed together and
released. Barbers used them to cut hair close and fast. The hair was picked up in locks and the
head was rapidly depilated. Such haircuts became popular among boys, mostly in schools, and
young men in the military and in prisons.

2.Blade

Blades are usually made of rust-resistant stainless steel. Ceramic cutters are available; they are
not subject to corrosion, and stay sharper longer because of a higher resistance to wear than
metal blades. They remain cool to the touch even with fairly prolonged use, as ceramic is a poor
heat conductor. However, ceramic blades are brittle and easily broken, and more expensive to
replace than metal blades

3.Electrical Hair Clipper

Electrical hair clipper is the modern types of machine which is driven by electric motor to shave
the hairs of the persons.

1.2 PURPOSE

 To inform others about the working principles of the hair clipper.

 To create an awareness for the audience on it.

 Educating specific information or directing the audience on how to shave the

hair using the clipper.

1.3 OBJECTIVE

 To improve the mechanical makeup of the electric hair clipper.

 To analyze the problems of this machine and to find out the solution.
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2.PROCEDURE

 In this report there are a number of procedures that has been taken to be
considered.
 The first duty is going to the barber shop and gather information about the hair
clipper by using different methods of data collection through the following
mechanisms
2.1 Making Observation
In the barber shop the hair clipper was connected to the electric source and
then it was oiled and fired. After this tasks were accomplished the hair clipper
machine parts such as guide comb and blade are assembled to its normal
position.

Fig.3.Guiding comb
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Fig .4. Electrical hair clipper with its blade

Fig.5.The assembled electrical hair clipper

The process of shaving were held in the following ways.

i. Comb the hair in the direction that it grows to help reveal stray hairs that may be
longer than others.
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ii. Attach the position trimming guide to trim and taper the persons hair. With the
blades pointing toward the person, begin with the trimming guide attachment set at
a long trimming length.
For best results, start at each side burn and stroke down towards the neck. Trim
toward chin and cheek in smooth, overlapping strokes, following the lay of the
persons beard and hair.
iii. Adjust the trimming guide to progressively shorter settings until the hair reach
the desired length of beard. You may wish to set the trimming guide attachment to
cut closer near the ear and down under the chin, changing to a longer setting
toward the front of the face and point of their chin. When the trimming guide is
removed, it will remain at its last length setting until they change it.
iv. Always ensure the trimming guide is snapped solidly into the desired position
before start to trim. Remove the trimming guide and cut the outline of your beard
or hair.

The hair clipper machine was operated to shave the hairs of the persons. During
this time the hair clipper machine was shaving three persons per hour in average.

2.2 Interviews

1. What are the parts of the hair clipper machine?

2. What are the preparatory steps to shave a person?

3. How to operate this machine?

4. Which hair type is suitable for this machine?

5. How many persons do you shave per hour?

6. What is the problem of this machine?

7. In which part of this machine does extreme heat is occurred?

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2.3 Questionnaire
1. Does the hair clipper machine use one type of blade for every kind of hair style?

Yes nn No

2. From the experience is the blade of the hair clipper machine transmit any kinds
of disease like HIV/AIDS and dandruff?

Yes No

3. Is the hair clipper machine comparable with the traditional hair cutting tools like
blade and scissor?

Yes No

4. Does using hair clipper causes boldness?

Yes No

5. Have you seen the effect of immersing the hair clipper machine in to a water or
other liquids?

Yes No

6. Does the extreme heat produced with in the machine causes failurity on its
parts?

Yes No
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3. RESULT
From the investigation in the absence of guide comb it was not comfortable for the
persons but it removed excess hairs. On the other hand using the guide comb had
comfort but removed less hair. The machine was exposed to extreme heat and
distraction had occurred. The machine got more comfort when the machine shaved
smooth hair rather than hard and dense hair. As the sharpness of the blade increase
it results extreme pain.

The machine shaved three persons per hour mean that it shaved 72 persons per day.

Table.1. The performance of the machine to shave the persons

No No of people Time take (hr)

of trials
1 3 1

2 5 1.4

3 6 2

4 8 2.5
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4. DISCUSSION
The absence of guiding comb gives the chance for the blade or the teeth to trap
much amount of hair at a time and to vibrate freely. This creates direct contact
between the machine blade and the skin of the person. As a result the customers fill
discomfort even bleeding may occur. When the power is supplied to the machine
this power is changed to heat due to the vibration of blade and rotation of motor.
This excess heat leads to the distraction of that hair clipper machine. Another point
is that when the machine shaves smooth hair, it removes easily because smooth
hair have less strength and more flexible than hard and dense hair. The electrical
hair clipper is faster and more powerful than the traditional hair clipper tools such
as scissor due to this it shaves three persons per hour in average.
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5. CONCLUSION
From the investigation the machine works well when the parts where assembled
properly. As conclusion, the machine parts are heated extremely from the use of
machine for a long time period, when it has suffered for excess electric power and
using of the machine without guiding comb. From the result, when the machine
uses the guiding comb it increases the interest of the people. Generally the
electrical hair clipper uses wahl clipper oil for the purpose of cooling and cleaning
of the machine as well as for killing of germs.
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6. RECOMMENDATION
The appliance should never been used without paying attention. Always unplug
this appliance from the electricity outlet immediately after use.

Cleaning and user maintenance shall not be made by children without supervision.

The clipper should be clean, oiled and in perfect working condition to facilitate
working operation and placing a towel or cape around the neck is recommended
for avoiding injury.
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7.REFERENCE
Bran J. and Brooks Gumn(1962) Hair law in the Islam. New york: Russel sage
foundation.

Nadol Joseph B.(1993) Milladi standared barbering. New york city:Cenage

learning. p.20

http://www.the free liberary. com

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8 GLOSSARY
Appliance:- Instrument or material.

Barbershop:- A house which is used for the purpose of shaving hair of the
people.

Comb: - A device with narrow teeth, used for untangling or styling the hair.

Depilated:- Remove the hair away.

Shave:- Cut the hair off.

Swift:- Capable of moving at high speed.

Prison:- Building for the confinement of criminals.

Wahl clipper oil:- The oil which is used for cooling purpose.
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9. INDEXES

Appliance -11

Barbershop - 4

Comb - 5

Depilated - 2

Shave - 6

Swift - 2

Prison - 4

Wahl clipper oil - 10

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10.APPENDIXES

Questionnaire- A set of printed questions, usually with a choice of answers,devised

for a survey or statical study.

Interview - A conversation between two persons.

Observation - The process or the action of closely observing or monitoring.