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02 Knuckle Joint

The document summarizes the knuckle joint, which connects two rods that transmit axial tensile force and allow limited angular movement. It describes the components and applications of knuckle joints, then outlines the design process which involves calculating rod diameters based on tensile strength, enlarging diameters empirically, and checking stresses in the eye and fork based on tensile, shear, and crushing failure. Knuckle joints are commonly used in structures like trusses and bridges to connect components.

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141 views24 pages

02 Knuckle Joint

The document summarizes the knuckle joint, which connects two rods that transmit axial tensile force and allow limited angular movement. It describes the components and applications of knuckle joints, then outlines the design process which involves calculating rod diameters based on tensile strength, enlarging diameters empirically, and checking stresses in the eye and fork based on tensile, shear, and crushing failure. Knuckle joints are commonly used in structures like trusses and bridges to connect components.

Uploaded by

Teaching Club
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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KNUCKLE JOINT

BY : MOHIT GARG
INTRODUCTION
 Knuckle joint is used to connect two rods whose axes either
coincide or intersect and lie in one plane.

 The knuckle joint is used to transmit axial tensile force. The


construction of this joint permits limited angular movement
between rods, about the axis of the pin.

 This type of joint is popular in machines and structures.

 A knuckle joint is unsuitable to connect two rotating shafts,


which transmit torque.
INTRODUCTION
APPLICATIONS
Typical applications of knuckle joints are as follows:

 Joints between the tie bars in roof trusses.

 Joints between the links of a suspension bridge.

 Joints in valve mechanism of a reciprocating engine.

 Fulcrum for the levers.

 Joints between the links of a bicycle chain.


APPLICATIONS

In roof trusses In bicycle chain


COMPONENTS OF KNUCKLE JOINT
COMPONENTS OF KNUCKLE JOINT
 The construction of a knuckle joint, used to connect two rods
subjected to tensile force P.

 An eye is formed at the end of rod while a fork is formed at


the end of another rod.

 The eye fits inside the fork and a pin passes through both the
fork and the eye. This pin is secured in its place by means of a
split-pin.

 Due to this type of construction, a knuckle joint is sometimes


called a forked-pin joint.
ADVANTAGES OF KNUCKLE JOINTS
 The joint is simple to design and manufacture.

 There are a few parts in the knuckle joint, which reduces cost
and improves reliability.

 The assembly or dismantling of the parts of a knuckle joint is


quick and simple. The assembly consists of inserting the eye
of one rod inside the fork of the other rod and putting the pin
in their common hole and finally putting the split-pin to hold
the pin. Dismantling consists of removing the split-pin and
taking the pin out of the eye and the fork.
ASSUMPTIONS
 The rods are subjected to axial tensile force.

 The effect of stress concentration due to holes is neglected.

 The force is uniformly distributed in various parts.


ASSEMBLY DRAWING AND NOTATIONS
ASSEMBLY DRAWING AND NOTATIONS
 P  =  Tension in rod (Load on  d0 = Outer diameter of eye
the joint) or fork

 D =  Diameter of rod  t1 = thickness of eye end 

 D1= Enlarged diameter of


 t2= thickness of forked end
rod
(double eye)

 d = Diameter of pin


 x= distance of the Centre of
fork radius R from the eye 
 d1 = Diameter of pin head
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
Step : 01
Calculate the diameter of
each rod using condition of
tensile failure of the rods.

Each rod is subjected to a


tensile force P. The tensile
stress in the rod is given by,
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
Step 02 :
Calculate the enlarged diameter of each rod D1 by empirical
relationship

D1 = 1.1 D

Step 03 :
Calculate the dimensions t1 and t2 by empirical relationship
t1 = 1.25 D
t2 = 0.75 D
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
Step : 04
Calculate the diameters of the pin by shear consideration and
bending consideration and select the diameter, whichever is
maximum.

Double shear Failure


The pin may get sheared off into three pieces as shown below,
since the pin breaks at two places it is called double shear.
Both areas are taken as resisting areas.
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
Bending failure of pin
When the pin is tight in the eye and the fork, failure occurs
due to shear. On the other hand, when the pin is loose, it is
subjected to bending moment.
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
Step : 05
Calculate the dimensions do and d1 by empirical relationships

do = 2d

d1 = 1.5d
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
Step : 06
Check the tensile, crushing and shear stresses in the eye

Tensile failure of eye end


The single eye may fail in tension
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
Shear failure of eye end
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
Crushing Failure of eye end

 The single eye is also subjected


to Crushing between pin and
inner face of single eye.

 In case of crushing failure since


the area is curved we take the
projected (area which would be
visible in drawing) of the
cylindrical area.

 As we know that a cylinder


appears as a rectangle in
projection, hence the area will
be diameter times the height of
cylinder. 
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
Step : 07
Check the tensile, crushing and shear stresses in the fork

Fork end is also subjected to same failures as that of eye end,


the only difference is that it has two eyes. So we get the same
equations except multiplied by 2 and t1 replaced by t2
DESIGN OF KNUCKLE JOINT
Tensile failure of  fork end

Shear failure of  fork end

Crushing failure of  fork end

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