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Chapter 3 Graphing Linear Equations and Functions

Chapter 3 discusses graphing linear equations and functions. It covers plotting points in the coordinate plane, graphing linear equations using various forms such as slope-intercept and standard forms, finding intercepts to graph equations, determining slope and rate of change, modeling direct variation relationships, and defining key characteristics of linear functions such as domain and range. The chapter establishes concepts needed to graph, analyze, and interpret linear relationships expressed numerically and geometrically.

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169 views9 pages

Chapter 3 Graphing Linear Equations and Functions

Chapter 3 discusses graphing linear equations and functions. It covers plotting points in the coordinate plane, graphing linear equations using various forms such as slope-intercept and standard forms, finding intercepts to graph equations, determining slope and rate of change, modeling direct variation relationships, and defining key characteristics of linear functions such as domain and range. The chapter establishes concepts needed to graph, analyze, and interpret linear relationships expressed numerically and geometrically.

Uploaded by

Nina H
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 3 Graphing Linear Equations and Functions

3.1 Plot Points in a Coordinate Plane


You divide the coordinate plane into four regions called​ quadrants象限​, labeled I II III
and IV

origin (0,0)
The x-coordinate of a point is sometimes called the​ abscissa​ ​/æbˈsɪsə/ 横坐标
The y-coordinate of a point is sometimes called the ​ordinate​ ​ /ˈɔːrdɪnət/ 纵坐标

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3.2 Graph Linear Equation

Linear Equation
A linear equation is an equation whose graph is a line,

the ​standard form​ of a linear equation is ​A​x ​+ B​x ​= C


Where A, B, and C are real numbers and A and B are not both zero

Equations of Horizontal and Vertical Lines

2
Graphing Linear Equations

Identify Discrete and Continuous Function

3
3.3 Graph Using Intercepts

Two ​convenient points​ are the points where the graph crosses the axes.
An ​x-intercept​ of a graph is the x-coordinate of a point where the graph crosses the
x-axis.
A ​y-intercept​ of a graph is the y-coordinate of a point where the graph crosses the
x-axis.

To find the x-intercept of the graph of a linear equation, find the value of x when y=0
To find the y-intercept of the graph of a linear equation, find the value of y when x=0

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3.4 Find Slope and Rate of Change

The ​slope​ of a nonvertical line is the ratio of the vertical change（the rise）to the
horizontal change (the run) between any two points on the line.
The slope of a line is represented by the letter​ m​.

ps:​ x​1​ 角标读法， x sub 1

A ​negative rate​ of change indicates a decrease


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3.5 Graph Using Slope-Intercept Form 斜截式
Slope-Intercept Form
How the slope and y-intercept of the graph of a linear equation in the form y=mx+b are
related to the equation.

Solve Linear Equation by Graphing

3.6 Model Direct Variation

Two variables x and y shoe direct variation provide y = ax and a≠ 0


The nonzero number a is called the constant of variation, and y is said to vary directly
with x
The equation y= 5x is an example of direct variation, and the constant of variation is 5.
The equation y= 5+x is not an example of direct variation.

Direct variation Graphs

Notice that a direct variation equation, y= ax, is a linear equation in slope-intercept form
y= mx+b, with m=a and b=0
The graph is a direct variation equation is a line with a slope of a and a​ y-intercept of
0. so, the line passes through the origin. 正比例函数

6
Ratios

The direct variation equation y= ax can be rewritten as y/x = a for x ≠ 0


So, in a direct variation, the ratio of y to x is constant for all nonzero data pairs(x,y)

7
3.7 Graph Linear Functions
You can name a function by f, you can write it using function notation
f(x)= mx+b
The symbol f(x) is another name for y and is read as “the value of f at x” or simply as “f
of x ”
It does not mean f times x. You can use letters other than f, such as g or h, to name
functions.

Domain and Range


Because the ​domain​ refers to the set of possible input values, the ​domain​ of a graph
consists of all the input values shown on the x-axis.
The​ range​ is the set of possible output values, which are shown on the y-axis.

The ​domain​ of a function consists of the values of x for which the function is defined.
The​ range​ consists of the values of f(x) where x is in the domain of the function.
The graph of a function f is the set of all points (x, f(x) )

Families of functions
A family of functions is a group of functions with similar characteristics.
For example, functions that have the form f(x) = mx+ b constitute the family of linear
functions.

Parent linear function​ ​f(x)= x

The parent linear function is also called the ​identity function,


the most basic function = parent function

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Linear Equation Standard Forms

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