DEFINIT

TION OF TERMS
T Blind Flange
F - A flange thatt closes thee end of a pipe.
There is noo opening foor the passag
ge of water.
Air Gap p - An air gap in a w water supplyy system iss the
u
unobstructed d vertical distance
d thrrough the free
f atmospphere Blow off - A conntrolled outtlet on a ppipeline useed to
b
between thee lowest opening from aany pipe or faucet
f suppllying discharge water.
w
w
water to a tank, plumbbing fixturee, or other device andd the
f
flood level rim
r of the reeceptacle. g system othher than the main
Branch - Is any paart of piping
riser or stacck.
Back flow
w - Is the fllow of waterr, or other liiquid mixturre or
s
substances into
i the distributing pippes of a po otable supplly of Branch Interval - Is the leng gth of a soiil or waste stack
w
water from any
a source, other than iits intended source. correspondding in generral to a storeey height, buut in no case less
than 2.40 meters
m withhin which thhe horizontaal branches from
Back Siiphonage - refers to the back flow of used u one floor orr storey of a building arre connectedd to the stack
k.
c
contaminateed or pollutted water frrom a plum mbing fixturre or
v
vessel into a water suppply pipe duue to a negaative pressurre in
Brancch vent - Iss a vent conn necting one or more ind
dividual
s
such a pipe.
vents withh a vent stackk or stack veent.
Battery of Fixture - Refers to any group of two or more
m
s
similar adjaacent fixturres which ddischarges into
i a com
mmon Calkinng - Is pluugging an opening
o witth oakum, lead or
h
horizontal waste
w pipe orr soil branchh. other mateerials, that arre pounded into the placce or openin
ng.

p, plug, etc. the

Bib - Is synonymouus with fauccet, cock, tap Circuitt vent - Is a branch vent
v that seerves two or
o more
w
word faucet is preferredd. traps, and extends fromm the front of the last fixture con
nnection
of a horizontal branch to the vent stack.
 Continu uous Vent - Is a verticcal vent thatt is a continnuation Dead End - Is thee extended portion
p of a pipe that is closed
o the drain to which thhe vent connnects.
of at one endd permitting the stagnatiion of water or air therein.

Develop ped Length - The lengtth along thee center of th

he pipe
Combination Fixttures - Is a fixture com mbining onne sink
and fittinng
annd tray or a two or threee compartmeent sink or tray
t in one vent.
v
Diameeter - Diaameter of a pipe or tuube refers to the
Combin nation Waste and Veent System m - Is a speecially
nominal innternal diam
meter (ID) of such pipe,, except braass and
d
designed sy
ystem of waste piping eembodying the t horizonttal wet
copper tubbe where thee term referss to the outsiide diameterr (OD)
v
venting of one or morre sinks or floor drain ns by meanns of a
of the pipee.
c
common waaste and vennt pipe adequately sizeed to providde free
m
movement o air above the flow linne of the draain.
of
Drainaage System m — Drainag ge system includes all piping
within thee public or private preemises that conveys seewage,
Commo on Vent - Is a drainn from two o or three fixture
f rainwater, or other liqquid waste, to a legal ppoint of disp
posal It
c
connected to
o a single traap. It is alsoo called a du
ual vent. does not innclude the m mains of pu
ublic sewer system priv vate or
public sew
werage treatm ment or disp
posal plant.
Cross Connection n - Is any pphysical connection beetween
t
two otherw
wise separate piping syystem, one contains potable
p Dry Vent
V - A vennt that does not
n carry waater or waterr borne
w
water, and the other from unknoown or questionable safety, wastes.
w
whereby, water may floow from onee system to the
t other dirrection
o flow dep
of pending on the
t pressuree differentiall between thhe two
Effectiive Openingg — Is the minimum
m crross sectionaal area
s
systems
at the pointt of water ssupply disch
harge, measuured or expressed
I the opening is not a circle,
in terms. of diameter oof a circle. If
 tthe diameterr of a circle that is equiivalent to th
he cross secttional as a unit of flow. Fixxtures are raated as multtiple of this unit of
a
area, (This is
i applicablee to air gap) flow.
Existing
g work - Shhall apply too that portioon of a plum
mbing
Floodd Level - Iss a device located insidde the tank for the
s
system thatt has been installed aand approv ved prior too the
purpose of
o maintainiing water leevel for efffective flush
hing of
c
contemplateed addition, alteration orr correction
n.
the water closet.

Fixture Branch- Iss a pipe connnecting seveeral fixtures.. Ferru ule - A mettallic sleeve called or ottherwise joiined to
an openinng in pipe innto which a plug is scrrewed that can c be
Fixtu
ure Drain - Is the drainn from the trap
t of a fixtture to removed for
f the purp ose of clean ning or exam
mining the in nterior
the junction of that drrain with anny other draiin –pipe. of the pipee.

ure Supply — Is a wateer supply piipe connectiing the

Fixtu Flushh Valve - Is a device loccated at the bottom of the
t tank
fixture wiith the fixturre branch. for flushinng water clossets and sim
milar fixturess.

Fixtu
ure Units — Is a quantiity in terms of which thhe load Flush
hometer Vaalve — Is a device whhich discharrges a
prooducing efffects on thee plumbing system of different
d kinnds of predetermined quantiity of waterr to the fixxture for flu
ushing
pluumbing fixtuures are exppressed on soome arbitrarrily chosen scale.
s purposes activated
a by direct water pressure.

Fixture Unit Floow Rate - IIs the total discharge flow

f in Gradee - is the sloope or fall of pipe in refference to frraction
gallons peer minute off a simple ffixture dividded by 75 gallons
g of an inch per foot lenngth of pipe..
that provid
des the flow
w rate of thaat particularr plumbing fixture
Group p Vent - A branch ventt that perforrms its functi0n for
two or moore traps.
 Main — The maiin of any sy ystem of coontinuous piiping is
Horizo ontal Pipe — Means anny pipe or fittting which makes the princippal artery off the system
m to whichh branches may
m be
an angle off more than 45 4 0 with thee vertical. connected.
Invert - Is the low west portionn of the insiide of any pipe
p or
conduit thatt is not vertical. Main Sewer
S — Is a sewer line or system directly con
ntrolled
by public authority.
a
Liquid Waste — Is the ddischarge from fr any fixture,
f
appliance or appurtennance in cconnection with w a pluumbing Main Vent — Is the principaal artery of the venting system
system whicch does not receive fecaal matter. to which veent branchess may be connected.

Local Vent
V Pipe — Is a pipe oon the fixtu
ure side of thhe trap Plumb bing Fixturres - Are innstalled receeptacles, dev
vices,
t
through wh
hich vapor or
o foul air is removed d from a rooom or or appliannces which are suppliied with w water, or which
w
f
fixture. receives orr dischargess liquid or liquid
l bornee waste, wiith or
without disscharge intoo drainage sy
ystem whichh maybe dirrectly
Loopedd Vent - Is the same aas Circuit Vent
V except that it or indirectlly connectedd.
l
loops back and conneccts with a stack vent instead of a vent
s
stack. Plumb bing System m — The plumbing system includees the
water suppply distributi
tion pipes; plumbing
p fixxtures and traps;
t
Lateral — In plummbing, it is a secondary pipe.
p In sew
wage, a soil, wastee and vent pipes; house drain annd house seewers
c
common sew
wer to whicch no other ccommon sewwer is tributtary. It including their resspective connections, devices and
r
receives sew
wage only frrom buildingg sewer. appurtenannces within the properrty lines off premises; and
water treatiing or waterr using equip
pment.
 Relief Vent — A relief vent's primary function is to Sanitary Sewage — The sewage containing human
provide circulation of air between drainage and vent systems. excrement and liquid household waste. It is also called
domestic sewage.
Re-Vent Pipe — A re-vent pipe (sometimes called Sanitary Sewer — A sewer intended to receive
individual vent) is that part of the vent pipeline which Sanitary sewage with or without industrial wastes and
connects directly with an individual waste or group of without the admixture of surface water, storm water or
wastes, underneath or back of the fixture, and extend either drainage.
to the main or branch vent pipe.
Secondary Branch — Any branch in a building drain
Riser - Is a water supply pipe which extend vertically other than the primary branch.
one full storey or more to convey water to branches or
Sewerage of Sewage work — Is a comprehensive term
fixtures.
including all construction or collection, transportation,
Rough-In - Is the installation of all parts of the pumping, treatment and final disposition of sewage.
plumbing system which can be completed prior to the
Siamese Connection — is a Y connection used on
installation of fixtures. This include drainage, water supply,
fire lines so that two lines of hose maybe connected to a
vent piping and the necessary fixture supports.
hydrant or to the same nozzle.
Return Bend — An open return bend usually with
Standpipe — A vertical pipe usually used for the
inside threads, but applied also to 1800 bend in pipe.
storage of water, frequently under pressure.
Public Sewer — Is a common sewer directly controlled
Side Vent - is a vent connecting to the drain pipe
by public authorities where all abutters have equal rights of
through a fitting at an angle not greater that 450 or to the
connection.
vertical.
 Soil Pipe — Is any pipe that conveys the discharge of Trap - Is a fitting or device so designed as to provide
water closets or fixture having similar functions, with or when properly vented a liquid seal that will prevent the
without the discharge from other fixtures, to the building back passage of air without materially affecting the flow of
drains (house drain) or building sewer (house sewer). sewage through it.
Stack - Is the vertical main of a system of soil, waste Trap Seal - Is the maximum vertical depth of liquid that
or vent pipe. trap will retain, measured between the crown weir and top of
the dip of the trap.
Stack Group - Is a term applied to the location of
fixtures in relation to the stack so that by means of proper
fittings, vents may be reduced to a minimum. Vent Stack - Is a vertical pipe installed primarily for the
purpose of providing circulation of air to different parts of the
Stack Vent - A stack vent is the extension of a soil or drainage system.
waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to
the stack. It is sometimes called waste vent or soil vent. Vent System - Is a pipe or pipes installed to provide a
Stack Venting - Is a method of venting a fixture or flow or circulation of air within the plumbing system to
fixtures through the soil or waste stack. protect trap seals siphoning and back pressure.

Vertical Pipe - Is pipe installed in a vertical position or at

Subsoil Drain - Are underground drain pipes that an angle of not more than 450 with the vertical.
receives sub-surface or seepage water only and convey it to
a place of disposal.
Waste Pipe — Is a pipe that conveys liquid waste from
Sump - A pit or receptacle at a low point to which the fixture that is free of fecal matter.
liquid waste are drained.
 Water Distributin ng Pipe - WWater distriibuting pipee in a
b
building or premises, is a pipe tthat conveyys water froom the
w
water servicce pipe to the plumbiing fixturess and other water
o
outlets.

Water Service Pip pe - Is the ppipe from the

t water main
m or
o
other sourcee of water suupply to the building served

Water Supply
S Sysstem - The wwater supply of a buildding or
p
premises consists
c of the water service pipe, the water
d
distributing pipes, andd the necesssary conneccting pipe; fitting,
f
c
control valv a appurtennance in orr adjacent to the
ves, and all
b
building or premises.
p

Wet Vent
V — Is a vent that receives th
he dischargee from
wastes. oth
her than wateer closet.