Class 6

Mathematics
Book – Mathematics Textbook for Class 6 by NCERT
Chapter 8 : Decimals

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

1) Read the notes thoroughly and practice examples simultaneously.

2) Solve the NCERT exercises in Mathematics notebook.
 Chapter 8 – Decimals

Decimals
When we use dots to write some numbers then that dot is the decimal point. This is used to
show the part of a whole number.

Tenths
As we know that 1 cm = 10 mm, so if we have to find the opposite then
1mm = 1/10 cm or one-tenth cm or 0.1 cm.
Hence, the first number after the decimal represents the tenth part of the whole.

This reads as “thirty-four point seven”.

Representation of Decimals on Number Line

To represent decimals on the number line we have to divide the ga p of each number into 10
equal parts as the decimal shows the tenth part of the number.
Example
Show 0.3, 0.5 and 0.8 on the number line.
Solution
All the three numbers are greater than 0 and less than 1.so we have to make a number line with
0 and 1 and divide the gap into 10 equal parts.
Then mark as shown below.
 Exercise 8.1

Question 1.
Write the following as numbers in the given table.

Solution:
From the given data, we have

Hundreds (100) Tens (10) Ones (1) Tenths (1/10)

0 3 1 2

1 1 0 4

Question 2.
Write the following decimals in the place value table.
(a) 19.4
(b) 0.3
(c) 10.6
(d) 205
Solution:
Place value table is given as under:

Question 3.
Write each of the following as decimals:
(a) Seven-tenths
(b) Two tens and nine-tenths
(c) Fourteen point six
(d) One hundred and two ones
(e) Six hundred point eight

Solution:
(a) Seven-tenths = 0.7
(b) Two tens and nine-tenths = 20.9
(c) Fourteen point six = 14.6
(d) One hundred and two ones = 102
(e) Six hundred point eight = 600.8

Question 4.
Write each of the following as decimals:
Solution:

Question 5.
Write the following decimals as fractions. Reduce the fractions to lowest form.
(a) 0.6
(b) 2.5
(c) 1.0
(d) 3.8
(e) 13.7
(f) 21.2
(g) 6.4
Solution:
Question 6.
Express the following as cm using decimals.
(a) 2 mm
(b) 30 mm
(c) 116 mm
(d) 4 cm 2 mm
(e) 162 mm
(f) 83 mm
Solution:
We know that 10 mm = 1 cm.

Question 7
Between which two whole numbers on the number line are the given numbers lie? Which of these
whole numbers is nearer the number?

(a) 0.8
(b) 5.1
(c) 2.6
(d) 6.4
(e) 9.1
(f) 4.9
Solution:
(a) 0.8 lies between the whole numbers 0 and 1.
(a) 5.1 lies between the whole numbers 5 and 6.
(b) 2.6 lies between the whole numbers 2 and 3.
(c) 6.4 lies between the whole numbers 6 and 7.
(d) 9.1 lies between the whole numbers 9 and 10.
(e) 4.9 lies between the whole numbers 4 and 5.
Question 8.
Show the following numbers on the number line.
(a) 0.2
(b) 1.9
(c) 1.1
(d) 2.5
Solution:

Question 9.
Write the decimal number represented by the points A, B, C, D on the given number line.

Solution:
Point A represents 0.8
Point B represents 1.3
Point C represents 2.2
Point D represents 2.9
 Question 10.
(a) The length of Ramesh’s notebook is 9 cm 5mm. What will be its length in cm?
(6) The length of a young gram plant is 65 mm. Express its length in cm.
Solution:
(a) Length of the notebook = 9 cm 5 mm

(b) Length of the young gram plant = 65 mm

Hundredths
As we know that 1 m = 100 cm, so if we have to find the opposite then
1 cm = 1/100 m or one-hundredth m or 0.01 m.
Hence, the second numbers after the decimal represent the hundredth part of the whole.

It reads as “thirteen point nine five”.

Decimal in the hundredth form shows that we have divided the number into hundred equal
parts.
Example
If we say that 25 out of 100 squares are shaded then how will we write it in fraction and
decimal form?

Solution
25 is a part of 100, so the fraction will be 25/100.
In the decimal form we will write it as 0.25

Place Value Chart

This is the place value chart which tells the place value of each digit in the decimal number. It
makes it easy to write numbers in decimal form.
 Example
With the given place value chart write the number in the decimal form.

Hundreds (100) Tens (10) Ones (1) Tenths (1/10) Hundredths (1/100)

4 6 3 8 5
Solution
According to the above table-

Comparing Decimals
1. If the whole number is different.
If the whole numbers of the decimals are different then we can easily compare them .the
number with the greater whole number will be greater than the other.
Example
Compare 532.48 and 682.26.
Solution:
2. If the whole number is the same
If the whole numbers of the decimals are same then we will compare the tenth and then the
hundredth part if required.
The number with the greater tenth number is greater than the other.
Example
Compare 42.36 and 42.68.
Solution
 Exercise 8.2

Question 1.
Complete the table with the help of these boxes and use decimals to write the number.

Solution:

Ones Tenths Hundredths Number

(a) 0 2 6 0.26

(b) 1 3 8 1.38

(c) 1 2 8 1.28
Question 2.
Write the numbers given in the following place value table in decimal form:

Solution:
(a) 0 Hundreds + 0 Tens + 3 Ones + 2 Tenths + 5 Hundredths + 0 Thousandths
= 3 + 0.2 + 0.05 + 0.000 = 3.250 = 3.25

(b) 1 Hundreds + 0 Tens + 2 Ones + 6 Tenths + 3 Hundredths + 0 Thousandths

= 100 + 2 + 0.6 + 0.03 = 102.630

(c) 0 Hundreds + 3 Tens + 0 Ones + 0 Tenths + 2 Hundredths + 5 Thousandths

= 30 + 0.02 + 0.005 = 30.025

(d) 2 Hundreds + 1 Tens + 1 Ones + 9 Tenths + 0 Hundredths + 2 Thousandths

= 200 + 10 + 1 + 0.9 + 0 + 0.002 = 211.902

(e) 0 Hundreds + 1 Tens + 2 Ones + 2 Tenths + 4 Hundredths + 1 Thousandths

= 10 + 2 + 0.2 + 0.04 + 0.001 = 12.241

Question 3.
Write the following decimals in the place value table.
(a) 0.29
(b) 2.08
(c) 19.60
(d) 148.32
(e) 200.812
 Hundreds Tens Ones Tenths Hundredths Thousandths

(100) (10) (1) (1/10) (1/100) (1/1000)

(a) 0 0 0 2 9 0

(b) 0 0 2 0 8 0

(c) 0 1 9 6 0 0

(d) 1 4 8 3 2 0

(e) 2 0 0 8 1 2
Question 4.
Write each of the following as decimals.

Solution:

Question 5.
Write each of the following decimals in words.
(a) 0.03
(b) 1.20
(c) 108.56
(d) 10.07
(e) 0.032
(f) 5.008
Solution:
(a) 0.03 = Zero point zero three
(b) 1.20 = One point two zero
(c) 108.56 = One hundred eight point fifty-six
(d) 10.07 = Ten point zero seven
(e) 0.032 = Zero point zero three two
(f) 5.008 = Five point zero zero eight

Question 6
Between which two numbers in tenths place on the number line does each of the given number lie?
(a) 0.06
(b) 0.45
(c) 0.19
(d) 0.66
(e) 0.92
(f) 0.57
Solution:
(a) 0.06 lies between 0 and 0.1
(b) 0.45 lies between 0.4 and 0.5
(c) 0.19 lies between 0.1 and 0.2
(d) 0.66 lies between 0.6 and 0.7
(e) 0.92 lies between 0.9 and 1.0
(f) 0.57 lies between 0.5 and 0.6
Question 7.
Write as fraction in lowest terms.
(a) 0.60
(b) 0.05
(c) 0.75
(d) 0.18
(e) 0.25
(f) 0 .125
(g) 0.066
Solution:
60 60  20 3
(a) 0.60 = = =
100 100  20 5

5 55 1
(b) 0.05 = = =
100 100  5 20

75 75  25 3
(c) 0.75 = = =
100 100  25 4

18 18  2 9
(d) 0.18 = = =
100 100  2 50

25 25  25 1
(e) 0.25 = = =
100 100  25 4

125 125  25 5
(f) 0.125 = = =
100 100  25 4

66 66  2 33
(g) 0.066 = = =
100 100  2 50
 Exercise 8.3

Question 1
Which is greater?
(a) 0.3 or 0.4
(b) 0.07 or 0.02
(c) 3 or 0.8
(d) 0.5 or 0.05
(e) 1.23 or 1.2
(f) 0.099 or 0.19
(g) 1.5 or 1.50
(h) 1.431 or 1.490
(i) 3.3 or 3.300
(j) 5.64 or 5.603

Solution:
(a) 0.3 or 0.4

∴ 0.4 is greater than 0.3

(b) 0.07 or 0.02

∴ 0.07 is greater than 0.02.

(c) 3 or 0.8
3 is greater than 0 and 0 > 0.8
∴ 3 is greater than 0.8.

(d) 0.5 or 0.05

∴ 0.5 is greater than 0.05.

(e) 1.23 or 1.2

(f) 0.099 or 0.19

∴ 0.19 is greater than 0.099.

(g) 1.5 or 1.50

∴ 1.5 is greater than 1.50.

(h) 1.431 or 1.490

∴ 1.490 is greater than 1.431.

(i) 3.3 or 3.300

∴ 3.3 is greater than 3.300.

(j) 5.64 or 5.603

∴ 5.64 is greater than 5.603.

 Exercise 8.4

Question 1.
Express as rupees using decimals.
(a) 5 paise
(b) 75 paise
(c) 20 paise
(d) 50 rupees 90 paise
(e) 725 paise
Solution:
Question 2.
Express as metres using decimals,
(a) 15cm
(b) 6cm
(c) 2m 45cm
(d) 9m 7cm
(e) 419 cm
Solution:
Question 3.
Express as cm using decimals.
(a) 5 mm
(b) 60 mm
(c) 164 mm
(d) 9 cm 8 mm
(e) 93 mm
Solution:
Question 4.
Express as km using decimals.
(a) 8 m
(b) 88 m
(c) 8888 m
(d) 70km 5m
Solution:
Question 5.
Express as kg using decimals.
(a) 2 g
(b) 100 g
(c) 3750 g
(d) 5 kg 8 g
(e) 26 kg 50 g
Solution:
 Exercise 8.5

Question 1.
Find the sum in each of the following:
(a) 0.007 + 8.5 + 30.08
(b) 15 + 0.632 + 13.8
(c) 27.076 + 0.55 + 0.004
(d) 25.65 + 9.005 + 3.7
(e) 0.75 + 10.425 + 2
(f) 280.69 + 25.2 + 38
Solution:

(a) 0.007 + 8.5 + 30.08

= 0.007 + 8.500 + 30.080 (making like decimals)
= 38.587

(b) 15 + 0.632 + 13.8

= 15.000 + 0.632 + 13.800 (making like decimals)
= 29.432

(c) 27.076 + 0.55 + 0.004

= 27.076 + 0.550 + 0.004 (making like decimals)
= 27.630

(d) 25.65 + 9.005 + 3.7

= 25.650 + 9.005 + 3.700 (making like decimals)
= 38.355
(e) 0.75 + 10.425 + 2
= 0.750 + 10.425 + 2.000 (making like decimals)
= 13.175

(f) 280.69 + 25.2 + 38

= 280.69 + 25.20 + 38.00 (making like decimals)
= 343.89

Question 2.
Rashid spent Rs 35.75 for Maths book and Rs.32.60 for Science book. Find the total amount spent by
Rashid.
Solution:
Money spent by Rashid for Maths book = Rs.35.75
Money spent by Rashid for Science book = Rs.32.60
∴ Total money spent by Rashid on both books = Rs.35.75 + Rs.32.60 = Rs.68.35

Question 3.
Radhika’s mother gave her Rs.10.50 and her father gave her Rs.15.80, find the total amount
given to Radhika by her parents.
Solution:
Money given by Radhika’s mother = Rs.10.50
Money given by her father = Rs.15.80
∴ Total money given to her by her parents
= Rs.10.50 + Rs.15.80 = Rs.26.30
Question 4.
Nasreen bought 3 m 20 cm cloth for her shirt and 2 m 5 cm cloth for her trouser. Find the total length
of cloth bought by her.
Solution:
Length of cloth bought by Nasreen for her shirt = 3 m 20 cm = 3.20 m
Length of cloth brought by her for her trouser = 2 m 5 cm = 2.05 m
Total length of cloth bought by her = 3.20 m + 2.05 m = 5.25 m

Question 5
Naresh walked 2 km 35 m in the morning and 1 km 7 m in the evening. How much distance did he
walk in all?
Solution:
Distance walked by Naresh in the morning = 2 km 35 m = 2.035 km.
Distance walked by him in the evening = 1 km 7 m = 1.007 km
∴ Total distance walked by him in all
= (2.035 + 1.007) km
= 3.042 km

Question 6.
Sunita travelled 15 km 268 m by bus, 7 km 7 m by car and 500 m on foot in order to reach her school.
How far is her school from her residence?
Solution:
Distance travelled by Sunita by bus
= 15 km 268 m = 15.268 km
Distance travelled by her by car
= 7 km 7 m
= 7.007km
Difference in distances = 15.268 km – 7.007 km
= 8.261 km
Thus, her school is 8.261 km far from her residence.

Question 7.
Ravi purchased 5 kg 400 g rice, 2 kg 20g sugar and 10kg 850g flour. Find the total weight of his
purchases.
Solution:
Weight of rice purchased = 5kg 400g = 5400g
Weight of sugar purchased = 2kg 20g = 2020g
Weight of flour purchased = 10kg 850g = 10850g
Total weight of his purchases = 5400g + 2020g + 10850g
= 18270g
= 18kg 270g
Thus, 18kg 270g is the total weight of his purchases.
 Exercise 8.6

Question 1.
Subtract:
(a) Rs.18.25 from Rs.20.75
(b) 202.54 m from 250 m
(c) Rs.5.36 from Rs.8.40
(d) 2.051 km from 5.206 km
(e) 0.314 kg from 2.107 kg
Solution:
(a) Rs.18.25 from Rs.20.75
= 20.75 – 18.25
= Rs.2.50

(b) 202.54 m from 250 m

= 250 m – 202.54 m
= 250.00 m – 202.54 m
= 47.46 m

(c) Rs.5.36 from Rs.8.40

= Rs.8.40 – Rs.5.36
= Rs.3.04

(d) 2.051 km from 5.206 km

= 5.206 km – 2.051 km
= 3.155 km

(e) 0.314 kg from 2.107 kg

= 2.107 kg – 0.314 kg
= 1.793 kg
Question 2.
Find the value of:
(a) 9.756 – 6.28
(b) 21.05 – 15.27
(c) 18.5 – 6.79
(d) 11.6 – 9.847
Solution:
(a) We have 9.756 – 6.25
= 9.756 – 6.250
= 3.506

(b) We have 21.05 – 15.27

= 5.78

(c) We have 18.5 – 6.79

= 18.50 – 6.79
= 11.71

(d) 11.6 – 9.847

= 11.600 – 9.847
= 1.753
Question 3.
Raju bought a book for Rs.35.65. He gave Rs.50 to the shopkeeper. How much money did he get back
from the shopkeeper?
Solution:
Cost of book = Rs.35.65
Money paid by him to the shopkeeper = Rs.50
∴ Money got back by him
= Rs.50 – Rs.35.65
= Rs.50.00 – Rs.35.65
= Rs.14.35

Question 4.
Rani had Rs.18.50. She bought one ice-cream for Rs.11.75. How much money does she have now?
Solution:
Money Rani had Rs.18.50
She bought ice-cream for Rs.11.75
∴ Money left with Rani = Rs. 18.50 – Rs.11.75 = Rs.6.75

Question 5.
Tina had 20 m 5 cm long cloth. She cuts 4 m 50 cm length of cloth from this for making a curtain.
How much cloth is left with her?
Solution:
Length of cloth had by Tina = 20 m 5 cm = 20.05 m
Length of cloth cut by her = 4 m 50 cm
= 4.50 m
∴ Length of cloth left with her = 20.05 m -4.50 m
= 15.55 m

Question 6.
Namita travels 20 km 50 m every day. Out of this she travels 10 km 200 m by bus and the rest by auto.
How much distance does she travel by auto?
Solution:
Distance travelled by Namita daily = 20 km 50 m or 20.050 km
Distance travelled by her by bus = 10 km 200 m or 10.200 km
∴ Distance travelled by her by auto = (20.050 – 10.200) km = 9.850 km
Question 7.
Aakash bought vegetables weighing 10 kg. Out of this, 3 kg 500 g is onions, 2 kg 75 g is tomatoes and
the rest is potatoes. What is the weight of the potatoes?
Solution:
Weight of vegetables bought by Aakash = 10 kg
Weight of onions bought by him = 3 kg 500 g = 3.500 kg
and weight of tomatoes bought by him = 2 kg 75 g = 2.075 kg
∴ Weight of potatoes = Weight of vegetable – (weight of onions + weight of tomatoes)
= 10.000 – (3.500 + 2.075)
= 10.000 – 5.575 = 4.425 kg